CN105441183A - Method for preparing edible oil by taking Cornus wilsoniana seeds as raw materials - Google Patents
Method for preparing edible oil by taking Cornus wilsoniana seeds as raw materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN105441183A CN105441183A CN201510994170.0A CN201510994170A CN105441183A CN 105441183 A CN105441183 A CN 105441183A CN 201510994170 A CN201510994170 A CN 201510994170A CN 105441183 A CN105441183 A CN 105441183A
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- oil
- trees
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- smooth bark
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing edible oil by taking Cornus wilsoniana seeds as raw materials, belonging to the field of oil processing. Cornus wilsoniana seed oil is rich in linoleic acid and oleic acid. The method for preparing the Cornus wilsoniana seed oil is characterized by comprising the following steps: removing kernels of Cornus wilsoniana seeds, pulping, mixing with water, adding complex enzyme for hydrolysis and centrifugation to obtain emulsified oil and free oil; demulsifying the emulsified oil to obtain free oil; combining the free oil obtained in the two times of operation to obtain the edible Cornus wilsoniana seed oil. Compared with the existing Cornus wilsoniana seed oil preparation technology, the method does not adopt organic solvent or high temperature and pressure; freezing, unfreezing, degumming and demulsification are realized by virtue of the enzymatic degradation cell structure; the yield of the free oil can be effectively improved; the process is simple; the operation condition is mild; the energy consumption is low; the phosphatide content, the acid value and the peroxidation value are low; the color is shallow, the overall product quality is good, and the Cornus wilsoniana seed oil can be directly eaten.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of with the method for the smooth bark seeds of trees for raw material production edible oil.
Background technology
Wilson dogwood has another name called oil tree, dog bone is wooden, smooth bark Lai is wooden, spot skin draws water tree etc., for Cornaceae Cornus, the important ecological economy seeds of China and excellent woody oil tree species, fresh fruit 100kg is produced in the every strain of wilson dogwood per year, oil expression 20kg, three strain wilson dogwoods just can support the productive value of one mu of Semen Brassicae campestris.Wilson dogwood has economized extensively cultivating and growing in China Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei etc., wilson dogwood is not only good on the spot solid good, and it is barren-resistant, the limestone ground grown is difficult to other seeds, also can normal growth, renewal, even can form natural pure forest, coverage can reach 80%, can be used as the important species of mountain stone afforestation etc.
The smooth bark seeds of trees are made up of pulp, kind core, kind benevolence, and oleaginousness accounts for full fruit sum total oil ratio example and is respectively 66.95%, 16.96% and 16.09%.Smooth bark seeds of trees total oil content amount 33%-36%, grease main component is lauric acid, tetradecanoic acid, brown eleostearic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, erucic acid, linoleic acid plus linolenic acid, wherein oleic acid 38.3%, linolic acid 38.85%, just because of the unsaturated fatty acids contained in wilson dogwood oil, make it have certain medical care effect, treating the efficient of hyperlipidemia through clinical application is 93.3%, and wherein reducing the efficient of cholesterol is 100%; Wilson dogwood oil is accredited as first-grade edible oil through national food portion, and its edibleness, higher than soya-bean oil and peanut oil, can compare favourably with Camellia oil, sweet oil.In addition, also the nutritive ingredients such as a small amount of policosanol, β-sitosterol class material, β-carotene and vitamin-E are contained in wilson dogwood oil.In recent years; in the face of the great difficult problem of grain, the energy and ecology; each major country of the world all produces the major measure as solving mankind's edible oil shortage problem and energy dilemma and ecological problem using development woody oleiferous plants; therefore; develop abundant, the cheap smooth bark seeds of trees; produce wilson dogwood edible oil with health role, to the shortage of raising China edible oil quality, alleviation edible oil, there is important economic worth and social effect.
Research at present about the exploitation of smooth bark seeds of trees oil is less, mainly concentrate in the exploitation of its biofuel, Patents have " method (publication number: CN101139528A) of novel biological fuel oil prepared by a kind of wilson dogwood oil that utilizes ", " with wilson dogwood (smooth bark Lai set) seed oil for raw material production biofuel and preparation method's (publication number: CN1844320A) ", preparation technology's (publication number: CN101768512A) of a kind of Lai wood fruit refining oil and the really oily extracting method (publication number: CN104263504A) of a kind of smooth bark Lai wood.Because smooth bark seeds core is comparatively hard, traditional whole seed squeezing process consumed energy is many, and squeezes uneven, insufficient, and institute produces in crude oil contains a large amount of pectin and chlorophyll, and outward appearance is blackish green stiff fluid, and acid number is higher at about 15mgKOH/g.In addition, traditional alkali-refining deacidification technique very easily generates Chinese honey locust, and oil loss is excessive; Steam depickling, temperature is too high, and wherein unsaturated fatty acid content is high and oxidizable, has had a strong impact on the quality of wilson dogwood edible oil.Therefore, seek suitable preparation technology and method of refining, significant to the wilson dogwood oil of deep development high nutritive value.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides one with the smooth bark seeds of trees for raw material production edible oil method.Utilize enzymic hydrolysis smooth bark seeds of trees pulp, improve the yield of smooth bark seeds of trees free oil and the quality of product.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of with the method for the smooth bark seeds of trees for raw material production edible oil, comprise the following steps: the smooth bark seeds of trees are through stoning, making beating, add water mixing, adds combinative enzyme hydrolysis, centrifugal, obtain oil in water emulsion and free oil, free oil is obtained to oil in water emulsion breakdown of emulsion, merges the free oil obtained for twice, obtain edible smooth bark seeds of trees oil.
In preferred technical scheme, the smooth bark seeds of trees adopt stoning hollander to take off core, and pulp are crushed to particle diameter 5 ~ 15 μm, and the slurries after pulverizing to add water mixing by material-water ratio 1:5 ~ 10.
In preferred technical scheme, described prozyme be according to 1:5 ~ 0.6 ratio mixing cellulase and polygalacturonase mixture, hydrolysising condition: prozyme addition is 1 ~ 2%, hydrolysis time is 4 ~ 8h, and hydrolysis temperature is 40 ~ 70 DEG C, keep pH be 4.5 ~ 5.5.
In preferred technical scheme, described breaking method is freeze-thaw method, and actual conditions is: oil in water emulsion freezes 20 ~ 24h at-20 ~-10 DEG C, and then at 30 ~ 40 DEG C of 2 ~ 3h that thaw, under centrifugal force is 5000g condition, centrifugal 15min, obtains free oil.
Plant cell wall is made up of Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen and pectin, grease is present in oil plant seed cell, and usually and other macromole (protein and carbohydrate) combine, form the complex body such as lipopolysaccharides and lipoprotein, only have and the cellularstructure of oil plant tissue and grease compounded body are destroyed, just can make grease stripping wherein.It is on the basis of Mechanical Crushing that aqueous enzymatic method carries oil tech, adopt oil plant tissue and enzyme (as cellulase, hemicellulase, proteolytic enzyme, polygalacturonase, amylase, dextranase etc.) the process oil plant complex body such as lipopolysaccharides, lipoprotein being had to Degradation, by enzyme to cyto-architectural further destruction, and enzyme is to the Decomposition of lipoprotein, lipopolysaccharides, increase the mobility of oil in oil plant tissue, thus make the free stripping of oil.Aqueous enzymatic extraction action condition is gentle, and the degraded product in system generally can not react with extract, effectively can protect the quality of grease.Aqueous enzymatic method service temperature is low, and energy consumption is low, and the oily purity of extraction is high, and phospholipids content, acid number and peroxide value are low, lighter color, in waste water BOD and COD value low, be easy to process, pollute few, meet the requirement of " safety, efficient, green ".
Processing condition of the present invention:
(1) stoning making beating
Wilson dogwood is different from other most of traditional oil trees, and in its fruit, grease is mainly present in pulp, accounts for 66.95% of total oil mass, accounts for 55% of pulp, and kind core is comparatively hard, and directly squeezing is difficult to abundant, even comminuted pulp and seed; In addition, containing a large amount of pectin and Mierocrystalline cellulose in pulp, directly squeezing is difficult to make the fully stripping of smooth bark seeds of trees oil, and Milling Efficiencty is not high.Therefore, adopt stoning hollander to take off core, and pulp is crushed to particle diameter 5 ~ 15 μm.Slurries after pulverizing to add water mixing by material-water ratio 1:5 ~ 1:10, preferred 1:5.
(2) enzymolysis process
Containing a large amount of Mierocrystalline celluloses and pectic substance in smooth bark seeds of trees pulp, hardly containing protein, polygalacturonase and cellulase combined action can make flesh cell wall portion degrade, grease molecules is discharged from cell, the effect of appropriate enzyme can also prevent the emulsification of lipoprotein membrane, is conducive to oily water separation.
Mixed enzyme (cellulase and polygalacturonase blending ratio 1: 0.4 ~ 0.6) addition 1 ~ 2%(enzyme and pulp mass ratio), enzymolysis time 4 ~ 8h, hydrolysis temperature 40 ~ 70 DEG C, permanent pH is 4.5 ~ 5.5, and the centrifugal 15min of centrifugal force 5000 × g, obtains emulsus oil and free oil.
(3) breakdown of emulsion
Aqueous enzymatic method is carried in oily process, due to self polarity of oil and stickiness, and the existence of hydrophilelipophile albumen (surfactant), makes originally immiscible grease, water connects together, be not easily thoroughly separated, form oil in water emulsion.In addition in wilson dogwood pulp containing only having a small amount of lipoprotein, demulsification technology is relatively simple, in order to fully ensure the quality of grease, adopts freeze-thaw method breakdown of emulsion.Above-mentioned emulsus oil freezes 20 ~ 24h at-20 ~-10 DEG C, then at the centrifugal 15min of 30 ~ 40 DEG C of 2 ~ 3h that thaw, centrifugal force 5000 × g.Obtain free oil.
The present invention is compared with existing smooth bark seeds of trees oil technology of preparing, not with an organic solvent and High Temperature High Pressure, and by means of enzyme liberating cellularstructure, freeze-thaw comes unstuck breakdown of emulsion, effectively can improve the yield of free oil, technique is simple, and operational condition is gentle, and energy consumption is low, phospholipids content, acid number and peroxide value are low, lighter color, quality product is totally better, can directly eat.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The smooth bark seeds of trees are through the stoning of stoning hollander, and comminuted pulp to particle diameter is less than 15 μm, and slurries add water by material-water ratio 1:5, mixing.Cellulase and polygalacturonase in mass ratio 1:0.5 mix (cellulase, 2000WU/mL; Polygalacturonase, 1600AU/g), addition 2%(enzyme and pulp mass ratio) and, enzymolysis time 6h, hydrolysis temperature 50 DEG C, permanent pH is 5.0, and the centrifugal 15min of centrifugal force 5000 × g, obtains emulsus oil and free oil
.Emulsus oil freezes 24h at-20 DEG C, then at the centrifugal 15min of 35 DEG C of 2h that thaw, centrifugal force 5000 × g, obtains free oil
.Mix above-mentioned two kinds of free oils and namely obtain edible smooth bark seeds of trees oil.
Aforesaid method produces smooth bark seeds of trees oil free oil yield can reach 96.0%.Phospholipids content 0.1% in product; Acid number AV (mgKOH/g) 2.16; Peroxide value POV (meq/kg) 2.72, lighter color R2.5; Main fatty acid is linoleic plus oleic acid, and content is respectively 34.47 and 31.17.
Free oil yield=(free oil
+ free oil
oil-contg in) × 100% ∕ smooth bark seeds of trees pulp.
Claims (4)
1. one kind with the method for the smooth bark seeds of trees for raw material production edible oil, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps: the smooth bark seeds of trees are through stoning, making beating, add water mixing, adds combinative enzyme hydrolysis, centrifugal, obtain oil in water emulsion and free oil, free oil is obtained to oil in water emulsion breakdown of emulsion, merges the free oil obtained for twice, obtain edible smooth bark seeds of trees oil.
2. according to claim 1 with the method for the smooth bark seeds of trees for raw material production edible oil, it is characterized in that the smooth bark seeds of trees adopt stoning hollander to take off core, and pulp is crushed to particle diameter 5 ~ 15 μm, the slurries after pulverizing to add water mixing by material-water ratio 1:5 ~ 10.
3. according to claim 2 with the method for the smooth bark seeds of trees for raw material production edible oil, it is characterized in that described prozyme be according to 1:5 ~ 0.6 ratio mixing cellulase and polygalacturonase mixture, hydrolysising condition: prozyme addition is 1 ~ 2%, hydrolysis time is 4 ~ 8h, hydrolysis temperature is 40 ~ 70 DEG C, keeps pH to be 4.5 ~ 5.5.
4. according to claim 3 with the method for the smooth bark seeds of trees for raw material production edible oil, it is characterized in that described breaking method is freeze-thaw method, actual conditions is: oil in water emulsion freezes 20 ~ 24h at-20 ~-10 DEG C, then at 30 ~ 40 DEG C of 2 ~ 3h that thaw, under centrifugal force is 5000g condition, centrifugal 15min, obtains free oil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510994170.0A CN105441183A (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | Method for preparing edible oil by taking Cornus wilsoniana seeds as raw materials |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510994170.0A CN105441183A (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | Method for preparing edible oil by taking Cornus wilsoniana seeds as raw materials |
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| CN105441183A true CN105441183A (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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| CN201510994170.0A Pending CN105441183A (en) | 2015-12-28 | 2015-12-28 | Method for preparing edible oil by taking Cornus wilsoniana seeds as raw materials |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107125430A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-09-05 | 河南工业大学 | It is a kind of while the method for preparing oil body and non-hydrolyzed protein matter |
| CN108865417A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-11-23 | 于都中和光皮树开发有限公司 | A kind of extraction process of smooth bark Lai wood fruit oil |
| CN112841352A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-28 | 青海大学 | Lipid-lowering cornus macrophylla seed oil tea as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115466161A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2022-12-13 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Method for separating and purifying linolenic acid from cornus wilsoniana fruit oil |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102295984A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2011-12-28 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method and device for producing fruit oil of cornus wilsoniana |
| CN103039931A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-17 | 中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所 | Pepper oil resin and preparation method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-12-28 CN CN201510994170.0A patent/CN105441183A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102295984A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2011-12-28 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method and device for producing fruit oil of cornus wilsoniana |
| CN103039931A (en) * | 2013-01-08 | 2013-04-17 | 中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所 | Pepper oil resin and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王瑛瑶等: "水酶法从花生中提取油与水解蛋白的研究", 《食品与机械》 * |
| 申爱荣等: "不同提油方法对制取光皮树油的影响", 《中南林业科技大学学报》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107125430A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-09-05 | 河南工业大学 | It is a kind of while the method for preparing oil body and non-hydrolyzed protein matter |
| CN108865417A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2018-11-23 | 于都中和光皮树开发有限公司 | A kind of extraction process of smooth bark Lai wood fruit oil |
| CN108865417B (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2021-08-27 | 于都中和光皮树开发有限公司 | Extraction process of cornus wisoniana oil |
| CN112841352A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-28 | 青海大学 | Lipid-lowering cornus macrophylla seed oil tea as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115466161A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2022-12-13 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Method for separating and purifying linolenic acid from cornus wilsoniana fruit oil |
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Application publication date: 20160330 |
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