CN105439926B - 烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物及其作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂的应用 - Google Patents

烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物及其作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂的应用 Download PDF

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CN105439926B
CN105439926B CN201510854211.6A CN201510854211A CN105439926B CN 105439926 B CN105439926 B CN 105439926B CN 201510854211 A CN201510854211 A CN 201510854211A CN 105439926 B CN105439926 B CN 105439926B
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宋森川
朱国勋
陈智勇
游遨
祁洁
梁慧
潘文龙
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Abstract

本发明公开了式I所示的烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物及其应用:其中,R1为氢或甲基;R2选自C2~C8的烷基、烯基、芳烃或取代的芳烃基团中的一种。本发明所涉及的化合物结构新颖、制备简单,对酪氨酸酶的抑制活性强,具有很明显的应用前景。

Description

烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物及其作为酪氨酸 酶抑制剂的应用
技术领域:
本发明涉及化妆品、药品、食物化学和农业用杀虫剂领域,具体涉及一种烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物及其作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂的应用。
背景技术:
酪氨酸酶是一个多功能、含有二个铜原子的酶,广泛存在于微生物、动植物及其人体中。这种酶利用分子氧催化氧化单酚为二酚(单酚酶活性),之后催化氧化二酚为相应的醌。醌经过一系列的酶催化或无酶催化过程,得到混合黑色素。
酪氨酸酶与很多生物过程有关,如与人的衰老、人体的色素沉着性疾病密切相关。最近研究表明,酪氨酸酶的高度表达,导致大量的黑色素沉着,而大量黑色素的沉着也与恶性黑色素瘤的发病密切相关,酪氨酸酶抑制剂有可能应用于恶性黑色素瘤的治疗;酪氨酸酶抑制剂可以用来治疗常见的黑色素沉着皮肤病如雀斑、老年斑。本专利所涉及的化合物实体即可以口服,也可以应用在化妆品中,通过皮肤吸收,来抑制酪氨酸酶,起到治疗皮肤病或美白作用;同时该类物质可能在人类大脑的黑质的形成中发挥重要作用,并控制多巴胺的神经毒性,它促使神经退行性疾病-帕金森病的发生。
昆虫表皮的酪氨酸酶可以催化表皮产生黑色素,强化节肢动物的外壳细胞壁,防止紫外线侵害。酪氨酸酶对昆虫的发育和防御功能方面起到促进作用,还在昆虫的黑色素生成,伤口愈合,抵抗寄生虫和皮肤角质化等生理过程中发挥重要作用。所以酪氨酸酶抑制剂的研究开发,可以在作为农药应用于农业种植方面。
酪氨酸酶能够促使水果和蔬菜的颜色发生褐变,酪氨酸酶抑制剂也可用于水果和蔬菜的保鲜。
鉴于酪氨酸酶广泛的应用功能,近年来酪氨酸酶抑制剂在药学、化妆品和农业方面得到了越来越多的重视和研究。遗憾的是,大部分化合物或提取物由于活性差或者安全性不够原因,而无法应用于生产和生活,寻找低毒、高效的酪氨酸酶抑制剂仍然是本领域的重要研究方向。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是提供一种烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物,其作为高活性酪氨酸酶抑制剂,及其作为杀虫剂的应用。
本发明的另一个目的是提供所述的烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物作为活性成分的药物组合物,以及该药物组合物制备作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂的应用。
本发明是通过以下技术方案予以实现的:
式I所示的烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物:
其中,R1为氢或甲基;R2选自C2~C8的烷基、烯基、芳烃和取代的芳烃基团中的一种。所述的烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物的部分典型化合物如表1所示:
表1.式I所示的烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物的化学结构
优选地,所述R1为氢或甲基;所述R2为C2~C8的烷基或烯基。
本发明还提供了式I所示的烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物的制备方法,其合成路线如下:
首先,烷基苯在三氯化铝催化作用下,与乙酸酐或乙酰氯作用合成得到乙酰基烷基苯。然后在乙醇溶液中,以乙酸作为催化剂,在60-85℃,用所制备或选定的醛或酮与氨基硫脲作用,再经过后处理得到目标产物。
本发明还保护所述的烷基取代基苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂的应用,用于制备美白化妆品、食品保鲜剂、抗黑色素瘤、治疗帕金森综合症及生物杀虫剂。
本发明用于制备美白化妆品、食品保鲜剂、抗黑色素瘤药物、治疗帕金森综合症药物及生物杀虫剂。
本发明所涉及的化合物结构新颖、制备简单,对酪氨酸酶的抑制活性强,具有很明显的应用前景。
具体实施方式:
以下是对本发明的进一步说明,而不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1:4-三氟甲基苯亚甲基氨基硫脲(化合物1)的合成
4-三氟甲基苯甲醛(5mmol)溶于20mL无水乙醇中,加入粉碎的氨基硫脲(5mmol),加入几滴乙酸最为催化剂,于60-85℃搅拌3小时。过滤产生的固体沉淀物,投入5mL乙醇中,超声洗涤。过滤除去溶剂后,再用5mL乙醇超声洗涤。重复洗涤3次后,得到的产物干燥后得到无色固体纯物质,产率85%。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ:11.61(s,1H),8.34(s,1H),8.18(s,1H),8.11(s,1H),8.03(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.73(d,J=8.0Hz,2H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO)δ:179.2,141.3,139.2,130.5,130.1,128.7,126.3.
实施例2:1-(1-(3’-甲基苯基)亚乙基)缩氨基硫脲(化合物2)的合成
3’-甲基苯苯乙酮(5mmol)溶于20mL无水乙醇中,加入粉碎的氨基硫脲(5mmol),加入几滴乙酸最为催化剂,于60-85℃搅拌3小时。过滤产生的固体沉淀物,投入5mL乙醇中,超声洗涤。过滤除去溶剂后,再用5mL乙醇超声洗涤。重复洗涤3次后,得到的产物干燥后得到淡黄色固体纯物质,产率78%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:10.39(s,1H),8.31(s,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.79(s,1H),7.69(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.29(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.21(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),2.35(s,3H),2.31(s,3H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:178.8,148.0,137.5,137.4,129.8,128.1,127.0,123.8,21.0,14.0.ESI-MS m/z=208.1[M+H]+.
实施例3:1-(1-(3’,4’-二甲基苯基)亚乙基))缩氨基硫脲(化合物3)的合成
方法同化合物2的合成,产率73%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:10.13(s,1H),8.26(s,1H),7.86(s,1H),7.74(s,1H),7.59(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.92(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),2.26(s,6H),2.23(s,3H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:178.7,148.1,137.6,136.1,135.1,129.3,127.4,124.1,19.3,19.2,13.9.ESI-MS m/z=222.1[M+H]+.
实施例4:1-(4-丁基苯基亚乙基)氨基硫脲(化合物4)的合成
合成方法同实施例2,得到无色固体化合物4,产率82%。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ:10.15(s,1H),8.23(s,1H),7.86(s,1H),7.80(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.17(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),2.58(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.26(s,3H),1.62–1.47(m,2H),1.29(dq,J=14.6,7.2Hz,2H),0.88(t,J=7.3Hz,3H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO)δ:178.7,147.9,143.6,135.1,128.1,126.5,34.5,32.9,21.7,13.9,13.7.ESI-MS m/z=250.2[M+1]+。Anal.Calcd for C13H19N3S:C,62.61;H,7.68;N,16.85;found:C,62.75;H,7.75;N,16.94.
实施例5:1-(4-异丁基苯基亚乙烯基)氨基硫脲(化合物5)的合成
合成方法同实施例2,得到无色固体化合物5,产率81%。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ:10.14(s,1H),8.20(s,1H),7.84(s,1H),7.80(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.17(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),2.67–2.52(m,1H),2.26(s,3H).1.61–1.47(m,2H),1.16(d,J=6.9Hz,3H),0.74(t,J=7.3Hz,3H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO)δ:178.7,148.4,148.1,135.3,126.8,126.6,40.6,30.4,21.6,13.9,12.0.ESI-MS m/z=250.2[M+1]+。Anal.Calcd for C13H19N3S:C,62.61;H,7.68;N,16.85;found:C,62.79;H,7.72;N,16.92.
实施例6:1-(4-叔丁基苯基亚乙烯基氨基硫脲(化合物6)的合成
合成方法同实施例2,得到无色固体化合物6,产率74%,1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ:10.17(s,1H),8.25(s,1H),7.84(s,1H),7.79(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.33(d,J=8.9Hz,2H),2.27(s,3H),1.25(s,9H).ESI-MS m/z=250.2[M+1]+。Anal.Calcd for C13H19N3S:C,62.61;H,7.68;N,16.85;found:C,62.88;H,7.79;N,16.97.
实施例7:1-(4-戊基苯基亚乙烯基)氨基硫脲(化合物7)的合成
合成方法同实施例2,得到无色固体化合物7,产率78%。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ:10.22(s,1H),8.30(s,1H),7.90(s,1H),7.82(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.17(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),2.55(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.27(s,3H),1.62–1.44(m,2H),1.36–1.13(m,4H),0.83(t,J=6.8Hz,3H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO)δ:179.3,148.3,144.1,135.6,128.6,127.0,35.3,31.3,31.0,22.5,14.4,14.4.ESI-MS m/z=264.3[M+1]+。Anal.Calcd for C14H21N3S:C,63.84;H,8.04;N,15.95;found:C,63.78;H,8.03;N,15.87.
实施例8:1-(4-己基苯基亚乙烯基)氨基硫脲(化合物8)的合成
合成方法同实施例2,得到无色固体化合物8,产率78%。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ:10.21(s,1H),8.29(s,1H),7.89(s,1H),7.83(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.18(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),2.57(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.30(d,J=7.3Hz,3H),1.63–1.47(m,2H),1.36–1.14m,6H),0.84(t,J=6.2Hz,4H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO)δ:179.3,148.3,144.1,135.6,128.6,127.0,35.4,31.6,31.3,28.8,22.6,14.4.ESI-MS m/z=278.3[M+1]+。Anal.Calcd for C15H23N3S:C,64.94;H,8.36;N,15.15;found:C,64.91;H,8.34;N,15.03.
实施例9:1-(4-环己基苯基亚乙烯基)氨基硫脲(化合物9)的合成
合成方法同实施例2,得到无色固体化合物9,产率78%。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO)δ:10.21(s,1H),8.28(s,1H),7.89(s,1H),7.82(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.21(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),2.58–2.44(m,1H),2.28(s,3H),1.88–1.68(m,4H),1.48–1.13(m,6H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO)δ:179.3,148.3,144.1,135.6,128.6,127.0,35.4,31.6,31.3,28.8,22.6,14.4.ESI-MS m/z=276.3[M+H]+
实施例10:1-(4-(3-(甲氧基羰基)丙基苯亚乙烯基))氨基硫脲(化合物10)的合成
合成方法同实施例2,得到无色固体化合物10,产率81%。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)
:10.16(s,1H),8.24(s,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.80(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.15(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),3.56(s,3H),2.59(t,J=9.0Hz,2H),2.25-2.31(m,5H),1.85-1.76(m,2H).13CNMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:13.9,26.0,32.7,34.2,51.2,126.6,128.6,135.4,142.7,147.8,173.1,178.8.ESI-MS m/z=294.1[M+H]+.
实施例11:1-(4-(3-(乙氧基羰基)丙基苯亚乙烯基))氨基硫脲(化合物11)的合成
合成方法同实施例2,得到无色固体化合物11,产率79%。1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):10.14(s,1H),8.22(s,1H),7.86(s,1H),7.80(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.15(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),4.01(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.59(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),2.26-2.24(m,5H),1.78-1.85(m,2H),1.16(t,J=6.0Hz,3H).13C NMR(75MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:13.9,14.1,26.1,32.8,33.9,59.7,126.6,128.2,135.4,142.7,147.8,172.6,178.8.ESI-MS m/z=308.1[M+H]+.
实施例12:1-(4-(乙氧基羰基)甲基苯亚乙烯基))氨基硫脲(化合物12)的合成
合成方法同实施例2,得到无色固体化合物12,产率77%。1H NMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:10.27(s,1H),8.32(s,1H),7.94(s,1H),7.87(d,J=8.1Hz 2H),7.26(d,J=8.1Hz 2H),4.12(q,J=7.5Hz 2H),3.53(s,2H),2.28(s,3H),1.29(t,J=8.1Hz,3H).ESI-MS m/z=280.1[M+H]+.
实施例13:1-(4-(丙氧基羰基)甲基苯亚乙烯基))氨基硫脲(化合物13)的合成
合成方法同实施例2,得到无色固体化合物13,产率73%,1HNMR(300MHz,DMSO-d6):10.17(s,1H),8.24(s,1H),7.88(s,1H),7.81(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.15(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),4.07(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),3.53(s,2H),2.26(s,3H),1.62-1.64(m,2H),1.01(t,J=7.2Hz,3H).ESI-MS m/z=294.1[M+H]+.
实施例14:烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物的体外酪氨酸酶抑制活性测试
体外酪氨酸酶抑制活性测试方法见V.J.Hearing,Methods in Enzymology,Vol.142,Academic Press,New York,19:7,154.
具体的测试方法如下:
在1.5mL的离心管中分别加入10μL含不同浓度的抑制剂(用DMSO溶剂配制),DMSO的终浓度为2%,890μL磷酸缓冲溶液(PBS,pH=6.8)以及5μL的0.5mg/mL酪氨酸酶的磷酸缓冲溶液(Ph=6.8),在25℃恒温水浴中保温10分钟,然后加入40μL L-DOPA(1.50mg/mL)溶液迅速充分混匀后,立即在25℃恒温条件下测定波长为475nm的光密度值(OD值),由其随时间的增长直线的斜率计算出酶的活力(消光系数ε=3600M-1cm-1),测试时间为1min,并用对照扣除缓冲溶液对本试验的影响。
IC50的计算方法:以不加入抑制剂的酶活力(光密度值)为100%,以加入抑制剂后酶的相对活力对抑制剂浓度作图,得到抑制剂的浓度-酶活力曲线,酶相对剩余活力为50%时,对应的抑制剂浓度即为抑制剂的IC50值。
由上述方法测定获得目标产物的IC50值(μmol/L),列于表2.
表2 烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物的酪氨酸酶抑制活性
本发明所提出的烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物与现有技术(氨基苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物及其应用,中国发明专利申请号:20141053532.1,公开号:CN104326957A)的化学结构实体差别很大,化学结构差别很大,已申请专利的结构为:
即:现申报的技术中化学结构式属于4-烷基取代苯基结构缩氨基硫脲衍生物,而已申请专利的结构属于4-酰胺基苯基结构缩氨基硫脲衍生物。
由表2得出:本发明烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物中除去化合物1和2之外,其余化合物的活性均很高,它们的IC50值均小于1μM,其中化合物10,11,12和13(IC50分为0.232μM,0.278μM 0.172μM和0.142μM)与已经申报专利的氨基苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物活性最好的化合物11(其IC50为0.291μM)活性高,尤其是化合物11和12,它们的IC50值小于0.2μM。
上列详细说明是针对本发明可行实施例的具体说明,该实施例并非用以限制本发明的专利范围,凡未脱离本发明所为的等效实施或变更,均应包含于本案的专利保护范围中。

Claims (2)

1.烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物如下表所示:
2.权利要求1所述的烷基取代苯甲醛或苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物在制备酪氨酸酶抑制剂药物中的应用。
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