CN115850139A - 4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物及其作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂的应用 - Google Patents
4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物及其作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了如式1所示4‑酯基取代苯乙酮缩氨基硫脲衍生物及其作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂的应用,其中,R基为C1‑C11的烷基或者苯基、苯甲基。本发明所涉及的化合物结构新颖、合成简单并且对酪氨酸酶具有强烈的抑制活性,具有明显的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及的药物化学、食品添加剂、化妆品领域,具体涉及4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物在酪氨酸酶抑制剂方面的应用。
背景技术
酪氨酸酶是一种广泛分布在自然界中的多功能的含铜氧化酶,在结构上属于类型III金属酶。酪氨酸酶在生物体内催化合成黑色素的过程中主要经历两个阶段,即催化L-络氨酸羟基转变成L-多巴以及氧化L-多巴成多巴醌,多巴醌在生物体内进一步发生自身氧化变为黑色素,这种黑色素与人类的肤色和头发的颜色有直接关系。除此之外,酪氨酸酶还与昆虫的蜕皮过程、蔬菜和水果的褐变、以及一些神经退行性疾病如帕金森综合症有关。近年来,国内外科学工作者对开发具有特异高效的酪氨酸酶抑制剂做了大量的研究工作,并取得了可喜的研究成果。但是其中大多数抑制剂由于合成或者难分离难度大,毒性大、活性低等问题,导致只有很少的酪氨酸酶抑制剂具有潜在的应用价值。特别是近来发现,在二十世纪九十年代以来广泛应用于皮肤美白的重要组分曲酸以及熊果苷,在连续使用的情况下会对皮肤细胞产生一定的毒性,很多国家已经禁止在化妆品中应用。因此,开发具有高效、低毒的酪氨酸酶抑制剂刻不容缓,仍然是酶抑制剂研究的重点之一。(参见文献:陈清西等.4-甲氧基肉桂醛缩氨基硫脲的制备与应用.发明公开号:CN108047105A;CN105294527A;CN105439926A;CN101696181A;Zhu Y-J等.Antityrosinase and AntimicrobialActivities of trans-Cinnamaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone.J.Agric.Food.2009;57(12):5518-23.Yi W等,Design,Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Hydroxy-orMethoxy-Substituted Phenylmethylenethiosemicarbazones as TyrosinaseInhibitors.ChemPharmBull.2009;57(11):1273-7.)
前期工作发现3-/4-酯基取代苯甲醛缩氨基硫脲衍生物具有酪氨酸酶抑制活性(CN108047105A),为了进一步酪氨酸酶抑制剂化合物,在前期工作基础上,继续扩展研究,发现了系列4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物,相比3-/4-酯基取代苯甲醛缩氨基硫脲衍生物,部分4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物的酪氨酸酶抑制活性提高了约10倍。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物及其作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂的应用。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
式1所示的4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物
其中R基为C1-C11的烷基或者苯基、苯甲基。
本发明所提供的4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物具体如表1所示:
表1:式1所示的4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物具体结构
本发明还保护所述4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂在药物方面的应用,用于治疗帕金森综合症、黑色素瘤。
本发明还保护所述4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂在美白化妆品方面的应用。
本发明还保护4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂在生物杀虫剂方面的应用。
具体实施方式
以下是对本发明的进一步说明,而不是对本发明的限制:
实施例一:4-乙酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物1)的合成
取对羟基苯乙酮10mmol于干燥两口烧瓶中,加入15mL干燥二氯甲烷作为溶剂,加入三乙胺1.2g(12mmol),搅拌使对羟基苯乙酮完全溶解,使用恒压滴液漏斗滴加溶于10mL二氯甲烷的乙酰氯(12mmol),10分钟左右滴完,反应30分钟,TLC监测,待反应完全,将反应液倒入去离子水中,取有机相分别使用去离子水、碳酸氢钠溶液以及饱和食盐水洗涤两次,有机相使用无水硫酸钠干燥,柱层析分离得4-乙酰氧基苯乙酮。取合成的4-乙酰氧基苯乙酮(5mmol)于50mL圆底烧瓶中,加入研磨成粉末的氨基硫脲(5.5mmol),加入20mL无水乙醇作为溶剂,加入0.5mL无水乙酸作为催化剂,加热回流,TLC监测,待反应完全,将反应液置于冰箱冷藏过夜,过滤得到产物4-乙酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲,用稀盐酸洗涤产物,用甲醇重结晶得纯品。
产物为白色固体,产率76%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.24(s,1H),8.30(s,1H),8.03-7.94(m,3H),7.18-7.11(m,2H),2.31(s,3H),2.28(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.38,169.54,151.71,147.53,135.70,128.30,122.05,21.35,14.46.
实施例二:4-丙酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物2)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率75%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.24(s,1H),8.29(s,1H),8.02-7.93(m,3H),7.14(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),2.62(q,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.31(s,3H),1.14(t,J=7.4Hz,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.38,172.91,151.76,147.53,135.64,128.30,122.02,27.39,14.46,9.28.
实施例三:4-丁酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物3)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率74%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.24(s,1H),8.30(s,1H),8.03-7.94(m,3H),7.17-7.08(m,2H),2.57(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),2.31(s,3H),1.73-1.61(m,2H),0.98(t,J=7.4Hz,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.39,172.01,151.69,147.53,135.68,128.31,122.03,35.78,18.30,14.46,13.86.
实施例四:4-异丁酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物4)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率75%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.24(s,1H),8.31(s,1H),8.03-7.93(m,3H),7.17-7.09(m,2H),2.87-2.77(m,1H),2.31(s,3H),1.24(d,J=7.2,6H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.40,175.34,151.81,147.54,135.67,128.29,121.95,33.82,19.12,14.47.
实施例五:4-戊酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物5)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率72%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.24(s,1H),8.30(s,1H),8.93-7.92(m,3H),7.12(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),2.59(t,J=8.2Hz,2H),2.31(s,3H),1.68-1.57(m,2H),1.45-1.32(m,2H),0.92(t,J=8.1Hz,4H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.38,172.16,151.70,147.52,135.68,128.31,122.01,33.67,26.86,22.06,14.46,14.10.
实施例六:4-己酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物6)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率71%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.23(s,1H),8.29(s,1H),8.02-7.95(m,3H),7.11(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),2.58(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.30(s,3H),1.71-1.60(m,2H),1.40-1.29(m,4H),0.90(t,J=7.4Hz,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.37,172.14,151.69,147.48,135.66,128.30,122.00,33.91,31.08,24.45,22.28,14.45,14.29.
实施例七:4-庚酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物7)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率77%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.25(s,1H),8.31(s,1H),8.05-7.93(m,3H),7.12(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),2.58(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.30(s,2H),1.69-1.57(m,2H),1.42-1.23(m,6H),0.88(t,J=6.8Hz,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.36,172.16,151.69,147.49,135.67,128.31,122.00,33.95,31.37,28.53,24.71,22.42,14.45,14.37.
实施例八:4-辛酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物8)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率72%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.25(s,1H),8.30(s,1H),8.06-7.93(m,3H),7.11(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),2.58(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.30(s,3H),1.70-1.57(m,2H),1.40-1.21(m,8H),0.87(t,J=6.3Hz,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.37,172.14,151.69,147.47,135.66,128.30,121.99,33.95,31.59,28.83,24.76,22.51,14.45,14.40.
实施例九:4-壬酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物9)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率69%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.26(s,1H),8.31(s,1H),8.04-7.95(m,3H),7.11(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),2.57(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.30(s,3H),1.70-1.57(m,2H),1.35-1.19(m,10H),0.86(t,J=6.4Hz,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.38,172.09,151.69,147.43,135.66,128.28,121.97,33.96,31.71,29.15,29.04,28.90,24.77,22.57,14.44,14.42.
实施例十:4-癸酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物10)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率69%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.25(s,1H),8.31(s,1H),8.06-7.94(m,3H),7.11(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),2.58(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.30(s,3H),1.71-1.58(m,2H),1.39-1.19(m,12H),0.86(t,J=6.4Hz,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.36,172.15,151.69,147.48,135.67,128.31,121.99,33.94,31.75,29.32,29.17,29.12,28.87,24.76,22.58,14.44.
实施例十一:4-十一酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物11)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率63%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.25(s,1H),8.30(s,1H),8.06-7.93(m,3H),7.11(d,J=8.5Hz,2H),2.57(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.30(s,3H),1.70-1.57(m,2H),1.40-1.18(m,14H),0.85(t,J=6.5Hz,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.37,172.10,151.69,147.45,135.65,128.28,121.97,33.95,31.78,29.44,29.38,29.18,28.88,24.76,22.59,14.44,14.41.
实施例十二:4-十二酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物12)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率62%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.24(s,1H),8.30(s,1H),8.01-7.93(m,3H),7.16-7.07(m,2H),2.62-2.54(m,2H),2.30(s,3H),1.69-1.59(m,2H),1.41-1.17(m,16H),0.86(t,J=6.7Hz,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.39,172.10,151.70,147.46,135.67,128.28,121.97,33.96,31.79,29.48,29.37,29.21,29.17,28.88,24.77,22.59,14.44,14.41.
实施例十三:4-苯甲酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物13)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率82%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.28(s,1H),8.33(s,1H),8.19-8.13(m,2H),8.10-7.97(m,3H),7.80-7.73(m,1H),7.62(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),7.36-7.28(m,2H),2.34(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.42,164.93,151.84,147.50,135.93,134.56,130.30,129.49,129.44,128.40,122.16,14.49.
实施例十四:4-苯乙酰氧基苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲(化合物14)的合成
合成方法参考实施例一,得白色固体,产率86%;1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.25(s,1H),8.31(s,1H),8.02-7.95(m,3H),7.44-7.34(m,4H),7.34-7.26(m,1H),7.18-7.10(m,2H),3.99(s,2H),2.30(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO)δ179.40,170.47,151.70,147.50,135.81,134.28,130.01,128.94,128.36,127.53,121.93,40.60,14.46.
实施例十五:体外酪氨酸酶抑制剂活性测试
体外酪氨酸酶抑制剂活性测试方法:在1.5mL的离心管中分别加入890μL磷酸缓冲溶液(pH=6.8),以及不同浓度的20μL化合物溶液(DMSO配制),最终溶液中DMSO的浓度为2%,然后加入10μL酪氨酸酶溶液(用pH=6.8的磷酸缓冲溶液配制,0.5mg/mL),摇匀,25°恒温水浴30min。随后加入80μL的L-DOPA溶液(1.5mg/mL),迅速摇匀,然后在25°恒温条件下测试溶液在475nm下的光密度值(OD值)变化,测试时间1min,扣除缓冲溶液对本实验的影响。然后根据OD值增长直线求出其斜率,即酶活力值。
IC50的计算方法:以不加入化合物的斜率值为100%,以加入化合物之后的酶相对活力值对化合物的浓度作图,即得到化合物浓度-酶活力曲线,当酶的剩余活力为50%时,所对应的化合物浓度即为该化合物的IC50值。
由上述方法测试得目标产物的IC50值(μM)见表2:
表2:4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物对酪氨酸酶的抑制活性
化合物编号 | IC<sub>50</sub>值(μM) | 化合物编号 | IC<sub>50</sub>值(μM) |
1 | 0.16 | 8 | 12.8 |
2 | 0.18 | 9 | 26.6 |
3 | 0.28 | 10 | 32.7 |
4 | 0.18 | 11 | 41.6 |
5 | 0.47 | 12 | 55 |
6 | 1.25 | 13 | 0.66 |
7 | 4.75 | 14 | 0.32 |
曲酸 | 31.9 |
本发明所提出的4-酯基取代苯乙酮缩胺基硫脲衍生物与现有的酪氨酸酶抑制剂具有不同的化学结构,化合物1-9,13-14的活性都比较高,高于现有常用酪氨酸酶抑制剂曲酸(IC50为31.9μM),具有良好的应用开发价值。
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