CN105408147A - 作业车辆 - Google Patents

作业车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105408147A
CN105408147A CN201480041212.2A CN201480041212A CN105408147A CN 105408147 A CN105408147 A CN 105408147A CN 201480041212 A CN201480041212 A CN 201480041212A CN 105408147 A CN105408147 A CN 105408147A
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Prior art keywords
bracket
inverter
cond
working truck
body frame
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Granted
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CN105408147B (zh
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内藤诚
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Komatsu Ltd
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Komatsu Ltd
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/0858Arrangement of component parts installed on superstructures not otherwise provided for, e.g. electric components, fenders, air-conditioning units
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/007Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/003Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/283Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a single arm pivoted directly on the chassis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/40Working vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/145Structure borne vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60WCONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2300/00Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
    • B60W2300/17Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/40Special vehicles
    • B60Y2200/41Construction vehicles, e.g. graders, excavators
    • B60Y2200/415Wheel loaders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92Hybrid vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/61Arrangements of controllers for electric machines, e.g. inverters
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02FDREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/34Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines
    • E02F3/3405Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines and comprising an additional linkage mechanism
    • E02F3/3411Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines and comprising an additional linkage mechanism of the Z-type
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种高效地搭载用于驱动诸如电动马达的逆变器等的、由发动机和电动马达产生驱动力的作业车辆。作业车辆具备车体框架、逆变器、第1~第4托架。逆变器为长方体状。第1托架沿着作业车辆的车宽方向延伸,配置在逆变器的前方。第1托架的两端由车体框架支承。第2托架固定在逆变器的左部,向上下方向延伸。第2托架固定在第1托架上。第3托架固定在逆变器右部,向上下方向延伸。第3托架固定在第1托架上。第4托架固定在第2托架和第3托架中的至少一方,朝车辆前后方向且朝从第1托架分离的方向延伸,由车体框架支承。逆变器的最短边沿着车辆前后方向。

Description

作业车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及由柴油发动机和电动马达产生驱动力的混合动力作业车辆。
背景技术
近年,由柴油发动机和电动马达产生驱动力的混合动力作业车辆正被开发。(参照专利文献1)
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:(日本)特开2012-041819号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
专利文献1公开了将液压挖掘机作为混合动力作业车辆的例子。液压挖掘机的发动机室的空置空间大。所以,在液压挖掘机能够容易地搭载用于驱动电动马达的逆变器等
但是,轮式装载机和平地机的发动机室的空置空间小。此外,如果在轮式装载机或平地机中扩大发动机室,就有后方视野恶化等影响,所以难以实施。因此,将逆变器等高效地搭载于轮式装载机和平地机等成为课题。
用于要解决课题的技术方案
本发明的一方式中的作业车辆是由发动机和电动马达产生驱动力的作业车辆,具备:车体框架、逆变器、第1~第4托架。逆变器为长方体状。第1托架沿着作业车辆的车宽方向延伸。第2托架固定在逆变器的左部,朝上下方向延伸。第2托架固定在第1托架上。第3托架固定在逆变器的右部,朝上下方向延伸。第3托架固定在第1托架上。第4托架固定在第2托架和第3托架中的至少一方,朝车辆前后方向且朝从第1托架分离的方向延伸,由车体框架支承。逆变器的最短边沿着车辆前后方向。
第1托架可以是由管材形成的逆U字形状的部件。
车体框架可具有左部件和右部件。在逆变器和左部件在车宽方向上的第1距离比逆变器和右部件在车宽方向上的第2距离长的情况下,第4托架可位于逆变器的右侧,在第2距离比第1距离长的情况下,第4托架可位于逆变器的左侧。
在逆变器和左部件在车宽方向上的第1距离比逆变器和右部件在车宽方向上的第2距离长的情况下,连接逆变器和电动马达的动力电缆可配设在逆变器的左侧,在第2距离比第1距离长的情况下,动力电缆可配设在逆变器的右侧。
第1托架、第2托架及第3托架可一体形成。而且,第4托架可自由装卸于第2托架和第3托架中的任一个。
该混合动力作业车辆还可具备第1弹性部件和第2弹性部件。第1弹性部件可连接于第1托架的左下端部。第2弹性部件可连接于第1托架的右下端部。第1弹性部件的中心轴可与第1托架的左下端部的中心轴一致。第2弹性部件的中心轴可与第1托架的右下端部的中心轴一致。第1托架可经由第1弹性部件和第2弹性部件由车体框架支承。
第4托架的前端可连接有第3弹性部件。第4托架可经由第3弹性部件由车体框架支承。
逆变器的下方还可具备电容器,该电容器通过与逆变器的振动系统不同的振动系统由车体框架弹性支承。
逆变器和电容器可在上下方向上分离配置。
在从上方观察时,逆变器整体可与电容器重叠。
发明的效果
在本发明一方式的混合动力作业车辆中,长方体状的逆变器被配置成其最短边沿着车辆前后方向。因此,不必为了配置逆变器而使车辆前后方向的长度大幅延伸。因此,该作业车辆能够高效地搭载逆变器。另外,虽然逆变器以不稳定的姿态被配置,但第2托架和第3托架被各自固定于逆变器的左部和右部。进而,固定有第2托架和第3托架的第1托架及第4托架在车体框架的至少三处部位被支承。由此,逆变器被稳定地配置。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一实施方式的作业车辆的侧视图。
图2是卸下图1的作业车辆的外装罩的状态下的上表面局部图。
图3是卸下图1的作业车辆的外装罩的状态下的左侧面局部图。
图4是表示从图2的截面线Ⅳ-Ⅳ观察的逆变器、电容器及它们的支承部件的图。
图5是卸下图1的作业车辆的外装罩的状态下的右侧面局部图。
图6是从斜前方观察隔壁的立体图。
图7是冷却装置的概要结构图。
具体实施方式
图1表示本发明一实施方式中的作业车辆1的侧视图。该作业车辆1优选为轮式装载机。另外,图1中用虚线表示后述的搭载于发动机室21的主要装置。
这里,以下说明中的“前方”表示车辆的前方,“后方”表示车辆的后方。另外,“左方”和“右方”各自意味着朝向车辆的前方时的车辆的左方、右方。另外,本实施方式中,左右方向也被称为车宽方向。
如图1所示,作业车辆1具备车体框架2、工作装置3、行走轮4、5、驾驶室6。作业车辆1通过旋转驱动行走轮4、5来行走。作业车辆1能够利用工作装置3进行挖掘等作业。
车体框架2安装有工作装置3及行走轮4、5。工作装置3由来自未图示的液压油泵的液压油驱动。工作装置3具有大臂11和铲斗12。大臂11装配在车体框架2上。工作装置3具有提升油缸13和铲斗油缸14。提升油缸13和铲斗油缸14为液压缸。提升油缸13的一端安装在车体框架2上。提升油缸13的另一端安装在大臂11上。提升油缸13通过来自液压油泵的液压油进行伸缩,使大臂11上下摆动。铲斗12安装在大臂11的前端。铲斗油缸14的一端安装在车体框架2上。铲斗油缸14的另一端通过曲拐15安装在铲斗12上。铲斗油缸14通过来自液压油泵的液压油进行伸缩,使铲斗12上下摆动。
车体框架2安装有驾驶室6和行走轮4、5。驾驶室6被载置在车体框架2上。驾驶室内配置有驾驶员的坐席及操作装置等。车体框架2具有前框架16和后框架17。前框架16和后框架17在左右方向上可互相转动地安装。
作业车辆1具有转向油缸18。转向油缸18安装在前框架16和后框架17上。这里,由前框架16支承的区域被称作前车体部,由后框架17支承的区域被称作后车体部,转向油缸18是液压缸。转向油缸18通过来自未图示的转向泵的液压油进行伸缩,从而左右改变作业车辆1的行进方向。
[发动机室、冷却室的内部结构]
图2是将驾驶室6的后方外装罩9(图1)卸下,从上方观察后车体部的图。图2中,用双点划线表示外装罩9的外形。图3是将驾驶室6的后方外装罩9(图1)卸下,从左侧观察后车体部的图。图2和图3中,省略了比发动机23的前半部分位于更前方的后车体部的表示。图3中,为了方便说明,后框架17的外形用虚线表示,以表示位于后框架17的内侧的部件。
如图2所示,后框架17具有朝车辆前后方向延伸的左部件71和右部件72。左部件71包括从左部件71(后框架17或车体框架2)的内侧面朝向内侧(右侧)突出的左逆变器支承部73和左电容器支承部76(参照图3等)。右部件72包括从右部件72(后框架17或车体框架2)的内侧面朝向内侧(左侧)突出的右逆变器支承部74、前逆变器支承部75(参照图4等)以及右电容器支承部77(参照图4等)。除了右部件72包括的前逆变器支承部75,左部件71及右部件72大致左右对称。在本实施方式中,将左逆变器支承部73、右逆变器支承部74以及前逆变器支承部75统称为逆变器支承部,将左电容器支承部76以及右电容器支承部77统称为电容器支承部。后面将详细叙述左逆变器支承部73、右逆变器支承部74、前逆变器支承部75、左电容器支承部76以及右电容器支承部77。
如图3所示,后车体部由隔壁20划分成发动机室21和冷却室22。也就是说,隔壁20从发动机室21划分出冷却室22。在发送机室21配置有发动机23,排气处理装置26,变速箱27(参照图1),以及电动马达28、29(参照图1)等。也就是说,发动机室21在内部包含发动机23及电动马达28、29。另外,图1中图示了两个电动马达,但是电动马达的个数可以是一个,也可以是三个以上。发动机23例如是柴油发动机。发动机23和电动马达28、29与变速箱27连接,产生行走轮4、5的驱动力。进而,发动机23还产生用于驱动液压油泵、转向泵等的驱动力。
排气处理装置26优选为柴油微粒捕获过滤器(DieselParticulateFilter:DPF)装置,但也可以是选择还原催化剂(SelectiveCatalyticReduction:SCR)装置、柴油用氧化催化剂(DieselOxidationCatalyst:DOC)等其它的排气处理装置。来自发动机23的排气经由涡轮增压器24和连接管25送往排气处理装置26。排气处理装置26降低排气中的有害物质。
冷却室22配置有冷却装置30、逆变器40及电容器50等。也就是说,冷却室22在内部包含冷却装置30、逆变器40及电容器50。冷却装置30包括散热器31(参照图7)等用于冷却作业车辆1的各种装置的装置。后面详细叙述冷却装置30。在位于发动机室21的电动马达28、29起到发电机的作用时,逆变器40将电动马达28、29再生(回生)的电力转换为直流。在位于发动机室21的电动马达28、29起到马达的作用时,逆变器40将电容器50储存的电力转换为交流,控制电动马达28、29。电容器50储存电动马达28、29再生的电力。如图2和图3所示,逆变器40及电容器50配置在隔壁20和冷却装置30之间。
图4是表示从图2的截面线Ⅳ-Ⅳ观察的逆变器40、电容器50及它们的支承部件的图。图5是从右侧观察逆变器40、电容器50以及它们的支承部件附近的图。图5中,为了方便说明,用虚线表示右部件72、右逆变器支承部74、前逆变器支承部75以及右电容器支承部77,表示位于右部件72的内侧的部件。
电容器50是长方体状的装置。优选地,电容器50是细长的装置。电容器50被配置成其长度方向沿着车宽方向。即,电容器50的最长边沿着车宽方向。电容器50也可包括用于安装吊钩的吊环51、52、53、54。如图2至图4所示,电容器上表面50a上还可设置连接器55。吊环51、52、53、54位于电容器50的上表面50a的下方。吊环51、52、53、54位于电容器50的左右两端。如图2所示,连接器55位于电容器上表面50a的左后部分。
电容器50配置在左电容器支承部76及右电容器支承部77上。左电容器支承部76和右电容器支承部77各自为水平,位于同一平面上。如图3至图5所示,电容器50经由弹性部件56、57、58、59由左电容器支承部76及右电容器支承部77支承。即,电容器50由电容器支承部弹性支承。换句话说,电容器50由车体框架2或者后框架17弹性支承。这里,弹性部件56、57、58、59例如是减震器。
如图4所示,左电容器支承部76比左逆变器支承部73更向内侧(右侧)突出。此外,右电容器支承部77比右逆变器支承部74更向内侧(左侧)突出。因此,如图2所示,能够直接从上方接触到吊环51、52、53、54。结果,电容器的安装/拆卸变得容易。另外,如图4及图5等所示,电容器50的上表面50a位于比车体框架2(更详细而言,后框架17,或者左部件71及右部件72)的上端更靠下方的位置。
逆变器40位于电容器50的更上方。换句话说,电容器50位于逆变器40的更下方。逆变器40自电容器50在上下方向上分离设置。因此,如图1所示,在侧视图中,逆变器40的左侧面与设于外装罩9的左侧面上的开口部9w重叠。另外,虽然未图示,但在侧视图中,逆变器40的右侧面也可与外装罩9的右侧面上设置的开口部重叠。另外,在逆变器40的右侧面与设于外装罩9的右侧面上的开口部重叠的情况下,在外装罩9的左侧面上也可以不设置开口部9w。
逆变器40跟电容器50相同,是长方体状的装置。如图2至图5所示,逆变器40的最短边沿着车辆前后方向。进而,如图2所示,在俯视图中,逆变器40整体与电容器50重叠。因此,如图4所示,电容器50的车宽方向的长度比逆变器40的车宽方向的长度长。另外,如图5所示,电容器50的车辆前后方向的长度比逆变器40的车辆前后方向的长度长。因此,电容器50比逆变器40更向车辆前方突出。
进而,如图4所示,左部件71(后框架17或者车体框架2)的左侧面和逆变器40的左侧面在车宽方向上的距离D1大于等于左部件71(后框架17或者车体框架2)的左侧面和电容器50的左侧面在车宽方向上的距离D2。另外,如图2明显所示,外装罩9的左侧面和左部件71之间的距离、外装罩9的右侧面和右部件72之间的距离越向车辆后方变得越大。因此,如果比较从车辆前头的车辆前后方向的距离相同的外装罩9的左侧面上的点和电容器50的左侧面上的点,外装罩9的左侧面和逆变器40的左侧面在车宽方向上的距离大于等于外装罩9的左侧面和电容器50的左侧面在车宽方向上的距离。外装罩9的右侧面和逆变器40的右侧面在车宽方向上的距离大于等于外装罩9的右侧面和电容器50的右侧面在车宽方向上的距离。也就是说,位于逆变器40的左侧面的左方的外装罩9的第1侧面及位于逆变器40的右侧面的右方的外装罩9的第2侧面中的至少一方,与逆变器40分离。进而,开口部9w和逆变器40分离。由此,从图1的开口部9w将空气导入至冷却室22变得容易。
进而,如图4所示,优选地,逆变器40的最长边沿着上下方向。由此,逆变器40的高度A变得比宽度B长。因此,能够使逆变器40的左右各侧面和外装罩9的左右各侧面之间的距离更长。由此,从图1的开口部9w将空气导入到冷却室22变得更容易。
[支承逆变器的托架(ブラケット)]
下面,关于支承逆变器40的托架进行说明。如图4所示,支承逆变器40的托架60包括第1托架61、第2托架62、第3托架63、以及第4托架64。
第1托架61由左部件71和右部件72支承,连接左部件71和右部件72之间。也就是说,第1托架61的两端由车体框架2支承,第1托架61沿着作业车辆1的车宽方向延伸。参照图2和图3,第1托架61被配置于逆变器40的后方。第1托架61优选为逆U字形的管材。但是,第1托架61的内部也可以不中空,第1托架61的截面也可以是多边形或者椭圆形。
第1托架61具有左下端部61a、第1弯曲部61b、直线部61c、第2弯曲部61d以及右下端部61e。左下端部61a具有用于将弹性部件65连接到其下端的凸缘68。即,弹性部件65连接在左下端部61a。右下端部61e具有用于将弹性部件66连接到其下端的凸缘69。即,弹性部件66连接在右下端部61e。弹性部件65、66优选为减震器。弹性部件65、66的中心轴各自与左下端部61a、右下端部61e的中心轴一致。弹性部件65、66各自配置在左逆变器支承部73及右逆变器支承部74上。左逆变器支承部73和右逆变器支承部74各自为水平,位于同一平面上。因此,第1托架61经由弹性部件65、66由左逆变器支承部73及右逆变器支承部74支承。即,第1托架61经由弹性部件65、66由逆变器支承部73、74(后框架17或者车体框架2)支承。换句话说,第1托架61由逆变器支承部73、74(后框架17或者车体框架2)弹性支承。
第1弯曲部61b与左下端部61a和直线部61c连接。第2弯曲部61d与右下端部61e和直线部61c连接。第1弯曲部61b和第2弯曲部61d可以是L字状部件,而不是圆弧状部件。直线部61c沿着车宽方向。因此,第1托架61的长度方向沿着车宽方向。
如图4所示,第2托架62朝上下方向延伸。第2托架62被固定在逆变器40的左上部和逆变器40的左下部双方。也就是说,第2托架62被固定在逆变器40的左部。图4中表示了固定第2托架62和逆变器40的左上部的螺栓41和固定第2托架62和逆变器40的左下部的螺栓42。第3托架63朝上下方向延伸。第3托架63被固定在逆变器40的右上部和逆变器40的右下部双方。也就是说,第3托架63被固定在逆变器40的右部。图4中表示了固定第3托架63和逆变器40的右上部的螺栓43和固定第3托架63和逆变器40的右下部的螺栓44。除了第4托架连接部63f(图5),第2托架62和第3托架63左右对称,所以,下面以第3托架63为中心详细说明第2托架62和第3托架63的形状。
第3托架63具有基部63a、右上安装部63b、右下安装部63c、第2把持部63d、吊钩安装用吊环63e及第4托架连接部63f(图5)。如图5所示,基部63a从第2把持部63d朝上下方向延伸,在到达逆变器40的上端、下端附近时向前方延伸。如图2所示,右上安装部63b从基部63a的上方的前端附近向左方延伸。右上安装部63b也可具有用于紧固螺栓43的内螺纹部。在右上安装部63b不具有用于紧固螺栓43的内螺纹部的情况下,可用螺母固定螺栓43。如图4所示,右下安装部63c从基部63a的下方的前端附近向左方延伸。右下安装部63c也可具有用于紧固螺栓44的内螺纹部。在右下安装部63c不具有用于紧固螺栓43的内螺纹部的情况下,可用螺母固定螺栓43。
第2把持部63d固定在第1托架61的直线部61c。即,第2把持部63d把持第1托架61。优选地,第2把持部63d通过焊接固定在直线部61c上。但是也可通过螺栓螺母等其它固定机构将第2把持部63d固定在直线部61c上。为了使第3托架63稳定地支承逆变器40,优选地,第2把持部63d的高度接近逆变器40的重心高度。即,优选地,第1托架61的直线部61c的高度接近逆变器40的重心高度。图5中,第2把持部63d(第1托架61的直线部61c)的高度比逆变器40的中央(重心)的高度稍低。
吊环63e设置在基部63a的上端。即,吊环63e设置在第3托架63的上部。如图5所示,在逆变器40安装在第3托架63上的状态下,吊环63e位于逆变器40的前后方向上的中心。因此,即使在第2托架62的吊环62e和第3托架63的吊环63e双方安装吊钩吊起逆变器40,也能够稳定地将逆变器40吊起。
第4托架连接部63f设置在基部63a的下方的前后方向中央附近。第4托架连接部63f例如具有用于紧固螺栓的内螺纹部,能够自由装卸地固定第4托架64。
另外,第2托架62具有与基部63a、右上安装部63b、右下安装部63c、第2把持部63d及吊钩安装用吊环63e各自对应的基部62a、左上安装部62b、左下安装部62c、第1把持部62d及吊钩安装用吊环62e。即,第1把持部62d把持第1托架61。第1把持部62d通过焊接固定在直线部61c上。因此,第1托架61、第2托架62及第3托架63形成为一体。另外,吊环63e设置在第3托架63的上部。另外,左上安装部62b和左下安装部62c各自朝与右上安装部63b和右下安装部63c左右相反的方向延伸。另外,第1把持部62d位于第1托架61的直线部61c的车宽方向大致中央位置,被固定在直线部61c。连接器55位于第2托架62的左方。
第4托架64固定在第2托架62和第3托架63中的至少一方。在上述例子中,第3托架63具有第4托架连接部63f,第4托架64固定在第3托架63上。但是,可以是第2托架62具有第4托架连接部63f,也可以是第2托架62和第3托架63双方均具有第4托架连接部63f,有两个第4托架64。换句话说,第4托架64可以向第2托架62和第3托架63中的任一方或者双方自由装卸。
如图2及图5所示,第4托架64从第4托架连接部63f朝前方延伸。即,第4托架64朝车辆前后方向且朝从第1托架61分离的方向延伸。第4托架64的前端具有用于连接弹性部件67的凸缘64a。即,弹性部件67连接在第4托架64的前端。弹性部件67优选是减震器。弹性部件67配置在前逆变器支承部75上。
如图5所示,前逆变器支承部75为水平,位于比左逆变器支承部73和右逆变器支承部74更下方的位置。另外,如图4所示,前逆变器支承部75比右逆变器支承部74更向内侧(左侧)突出。但是,如图2所示,前逆变器支承部75位于比吊环53足够靠前的位置,所以不妨碍电容器的安装拆卸。
另外,从减小前逆变器支承部75向内侧突出的程度,提高部件配置的灵活性的观点出发,第4托架64优选位于逆变器40的左右侧中靠近车体框架2的一侧。从图2至图5的例子中,逆变器40比左部件71更靠近右部件72配置。也就是说,如图4所示,逆变器40和左部件71在车宽方向上的距离D1比逆变器40和右部件72在车宽方向上的距离D3长。因此,位于逆变器40的右侧的第3托架63上固定有第4托架64。也就是说,第4托架64位于逆变器40的右侧。另外,在距离D3比距离D1长的情况下,优选地,第4托架64位于逆变器40的左侧。
因此,如图3所示,在逆变器40的左右侧中,远离车体框架2的一侧(在距离D1比距离D3长的情况下,逆变器40的左侧;在距离D3比距离D1长的情况下,逆变器的右侧)能够配置与固定逆变器40的部件无关的部件,例如连接器55、连接逆变器40和电动马达28、29的动力电缆55a等。
如上所述,第4托架64经由弹性部件67由前逆变器支承部75支承。也就是说,第4托架64经由弹性部件67由车体框架2支承。另一方面,第1托架61经由弹性部件65、66由左逆变器支承部73及右逆变器支承部74支承。所以,托架60和逆变器40由逆变器支承部73、74、75(后框架17或者车体框架2)弹性支承。因此,托架60及逆变器40由车体框架2上的至少三处(支承弹性部件65、66、67的三处)弹性支承。
在此,支承托架60及逆变器40的弹性部件65、66、67和支承电容器50的弹性部件56、57、58、59全部不同。因此,托架60及逆变器40和电容器50形成不同的振动系统。因此,托架60及逆变器40和电容器50各自振动。但是,如图4所示,逆变器40在上下方向上自电容器50分离设置,所以托架60及逆变器40和电容器50不会相互冲突。
[隔壁的配置及形状]
图6是从斜前方观察隔壁20的立体图。图6中省略了左部件71、发动机23、涡轮增压器24、连接管25以及排气处理装置26等的表示。如图3及图6所示,隔壁20从外装罩9的上表面附近延伸至电容器50的下方。另外,图3中,外装罩9的上表面用双点划线表示。隔壁20具有用于插入各种配管81的插入孔20a。该配管81连接发动机23的各种部件和冷却装置30。另外,隔壁20具有用于插入连接逆变器40和电动马达28、29的动力电缆55a的插入孔20b和用于插入第4托架64的插入孔20c。
隔壁20具有从插入孔20b的下方向前方弯曲的弯曲部20d。隔壁20由于具有弯曲部20d,如图3所示,能够使隔壁20的上垂直面20e接近逆变器40,使隔壁20的下垂直面20f接近电容器50。所以,能够将隔壁20配置成接近逆变器40和电容器50,尽可能减小发动机室21的容积和冷却室22的容积。因此,能够实现车辆的小型化。
[冷却装置的详细说明]
图7是冷却装置30的概要结构图。图7中,用双点划线表示位于更靠前方的位置的混合冷却器36(后面详细叙述)。冷却装置30以下方从左开始的顺序依次具有散热器31、油冷却器32及马达冷却器33。冷却装置30在上方还具有CAC34、空调冷凝器35。冷却装置30还具有配置在散热器31、油冷却器32及马达冷却器33前方的混合冷却器36。散热器31、油冷却器32及马达冷却器33在车宽方向上排列配置。同样,CAC34和空调冷凝器35在车宽方向上排列配置。CAC34及空调冷凝器35位于散热器31、油冷却器32及马达冷却器33的更上方。
油冷却器32冷却作业车辆1的各种液压装置所使用的油。马达冷却器33冷却制冷剂,该制冷剂冷却电动马达28、29产生的热。CAC34冷却发动机的进气。空调冷凝器35冷却空调的制冷剂。混合冷却器36冷却逆变器40和电容器50的冷却水。
图3中用单点划线表示混合冷却器36的位置。如图3所示,混合冷却器36配置于逆变器40的后方。另外,逆变器40与混合冷却器36在车辆前后方向上分离。由此,空气通道不会被混合冷却器36阻碍,所以能够高效保持逆变器40和电容器50通过外部气体的冷却效率。
[特征]
本实施方式的作业车辆1具备以下特征:
(1)在作业车辆1中,长方体状的逆变器40的最短边沿着车辆前后方向配置。因此,通过配置逆变器40,车辆前后方向的长度可不必延伸很长。因此,作业车辆1能够高效地搭载逆变器。另外,虽然逆变器40以不稳定的姿态被配置,但第2托架62和第3托架63被各自固定于逆变器40的左部和右部。进而,固定有第2托架62和第3托架63的第1托架61和第4托架64由车体框架上的至少三处部位的逆变器支承部73~75支承。由此,稳定地配置逆变器40。
(2)第1托架61为逆U字形状的部件。由此,第1把持部62d和第2把持部63d的高度接近逆变器40的重心高度,所以第2托架62和第3托架63能够稳定地支承逆变器40。
(3)第1托架61由管材形成。由此,能够在维持第1托架61的刚性的同时,实现第1托架61的轻量化。
(4)在逆变器40和左部件71在车宽方向上的距离D1比逆变器40和右部件72在车宽方向上的距离D3长的情况下,第4托架64位于逆变器50的右侧。或者,在距离D3比距离D1长的情况下,第4托架64位于逆变器50的左侧。由此,能够减小前逆变器支承部75向内侧的突出程度,提高作业车辆1的部件配置的灵活性。因此,能够控制作业车辆1的大型化。
(5)第1托架61、第2托架62及第3托架63一体形成。由此,将逆变器40安装到第2托架62和第3托架63的安装作业变得容易。另外,第4托架64可自由装卸到第2托架62和第3托架63中的任一个。由此,例如以隔壁20仍被安装着的状态将第4托架64从其它托架拆卸,将吊钩挂在吊环62e、63e,将逆变器40以安装在第2托架62和第3托架63的状态吊起,由此,能够容易地拆卸逆变器40。因此,逆变器40的安装/拆卸作业变得容易。
(6)第2托架62的上部和第3托架63的上部设有吊钩安装用吊环62e、63e。由此,利用吊钩能够进行逆变器40的安装/拆卸作业,所以逆变器40的安装/拆卸变得容易。
(7)第1弹性部件65的中心轴和第1托架61的左下端部61a的中心轴一致。第2弹性部件66的中心轴和第1托架61的右下端部61e的中心轴一致。由此,向左下端部61a施加的重量径直施加到第1弹性部件65,向右下端部61e施加的重量径直施加到第1弹性部件65。由此,第1托架61能够稳定地由第1弹性部件65和第2弹性部件66支承。
(8)第4托架64的前端连接有第3弹性部件67,第4托架64经由第3弹性部件67由车体框架2支承。由此,逆变器40的支承结构对于前后方向的摇摆变得牢固。
(9)通过与逆变器40的振动系统不同的振动系统,逆变器40的下方还具备由车体框架2弹性支承的电容器50。逆变器40和电容器50都是重物,所以如果逆变器40和电容器50由一个振动系统支承,逆变器40和电容器50的摇摆容易变大。通过将逆变器40和电容器50的振动系统分开,由于各自的振动变小,能够延长各自的产品寿命。
(10)逆变器40和电容器50在上下方向上分离配置。如上所述,由于逆变器40和电容器50的振动系统不同,逆变器40和电容器50各自振动。通过将逆变器40和电容器50在上下方向上分离配置,能够抑制逆变器40和电容器50的相互冲突,延长各自的产品寿命。
(11)在俯视图中,逆变器40整体与电容器50重叠。由此,逆变器40不会从电容器50向前后左右突出。因此,能够紧凑地配置逆变器40和电容器50,抑制车体的大型化。
[变形例]
以上,说明了本发明的一实施方式,但本发明不限于上述实施方式,在不脱离发明的要点的范围内可进行多种变形。
上述实施方式中,以逆变器40配置在右部件72附近的例子为中心进行了说明。但是,逆变器40也可配置在左部件71附近。该情况下,优选地,第4托架64固定在第2托架62上,优选地,前逆变器支承部75从左部件71的内侧面朝向内侧(右侧)突出。优选地,连接器55和动力电缆55a配置在第3托架63的右侧。
也可将使水在混合冷却器36、逆变器40、电容器50之间循环的泵安装在适当位置。该情况下,优选地,泵被设置在电容器50上的连接器55更前方位置附近。
上述实施方式中说明的螺栓等安装部件的个数及位置能够适当变更。另外,第1托架61、第2托架62、第3托架63、第4托架64的形状也可以是其他形状。逆变器40和电容器50也可以不是严格的长方体,例如也可有缺角、内部有些许凹凸。另外,逆变器40也可以是正方体。
上述实施方式中,关于第1托架61是管材的情况进行了说明,但第1托架61也可以是其它部件。第1托架61可以是由例如槽形钢(凹槽部件)、角钢(角部件)、H形钢成型的部件。
产业上的利用可能性
根据本发明,能够提供一种可高效地搭载逆变器等的混合动力作业车辆。

Claims (10)

1.一种作业车辆,其特征在于,由发动机和电动马达产生驱动力,该作业车辆具有:
车体框架;
长方体状的逆变器;
第1托架,沿着所述作业车辆的车宽方向延伸;
第2托架,固定于所述逆变器的左部,朝上下方向延伸;
第3托架,固定于所述逆变器的右部,朝上下方向延伸;
第4托架,固定在所述第2托架及所述第3托架中的至少一方,朝车辆前后方向且朝从所述第1托架分离的方向延伸,由所述车体框架支承;
所述第2托架被固定在所述第1托架,
所述第3托架被固定在所述第1托架,
所述第1托架的两端由所述车体框架支承,
所述逆变器的最短边沿着车辆前后方向。
2.如权利要求1所述的作业车辆,其特征在于,
所述第1托架是由管材形成的逆U字形状的部件。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的作业车辆,其特征在于,
所述车体框架包括左部件和右部件,
在所述逆变器和所述左部件在车宽方向上的第1距离比所述逆变器和所述右部件在车宽方向上的第2距离长的情况下,所述第4托架位于所述逆变器的右侧,
在所述第2距离比所述第1距离长的情况下,所述第4托架位于所述逆变器的左侧。
4.如权利要求3所述的作业车辆,其特征在于,
在所述逆变器和所述左部件在车宽方向上的第1距离比所述逆变器和所述右部件在车宽方向上的第2距离长的情况下,连接所述逆变器和所述电动马达的动力电缆配设于所述逆变器的左侧,
在所述第2距离比所述第1距离长的情况下,所述动力电缆配设置于所述逆变器的右侧。
5.如权利要求1至4中任一项所述的作业车辆,其特征在于,
所述第1托架、所述第2托架及所述第3托架一体形成,所述第4托架可自由装卸于所述第2托架和所述第3托架中的任一个。
6.如权利要求2所述的作业车辆,其特征在于,
还具备:
第1弹性部件,连接于所述第1托架的左下端部;
第2弹性部件,连接于所述第1托架的右下端部;
所述第1弹性部件的中心轴和所述第1托架的左下端部的中心轴一致,
所述第2弹性部件的中心轴和所述第1托架的右下端部的中心轴一致,
所述第1托架经由所述第1弹性部件及所述第2弹性部件由所述车体框架支承。
7.如权利要求6所述的作业车辆,其特征在于,
所述第4托架的前端连接有第3弹性部件,
所述第4托架经由所述第3弹性部件由所述车体框架支承。
8.如权利要求7所述的作业车辆,其特征在于,
所述逆变器的下方还具备电容器,该电容器通过与所述逆变器的振动系统不同的振动系统由所述车体框架弹性支承。
9.如权利要求8所述的作业车辆,其特征在于,
所述逆变器和所述电容器在上下方向上分离配置。
10.如权利要求8所述的作业车辆,其特征在于,
在从上方观察时,所述逆变器整体和所述电容器重叠。
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