CN105401464B - A kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather - Google Patents
A kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather Download PDFInfo
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- CN105401464B CN105401464B CN201510992727.7A CN201510992727A CN105401464B CN 105401464 B CN105401464 B CN 105401464B CN 201510992727 A CN201510992727 A CN 201510992727A CN 105401464 B CN105401464 B CN 105401464B
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- artificial leather
- dyestuff
- parts
- fruit juice
- dyeing
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- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009288 screen filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960001927 cetylpyridinium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetylpyridinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 YMKDRGPMQRFJGP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- KWABLUYIOFEZOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyl butanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC(=O)OCCCCCCCC KWABLUYIOFEZOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001070941 Castanea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014036 Castanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- -1 neopelex Chemical compound 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000007763 Castanea pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 244000025797 Castanea pumila Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOGUPGVJPYQSQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hexadecyl-1h-pyrrole Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CN1 BOGUPGVJPYQSQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000298715 Actinidia chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009434 Actinidia chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000009436 Actinidia deliciosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182559 Natural dye Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008107 benzenesulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000978 natural dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000979 synthetic dye Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/34—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using natural dyestuffs
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
- D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
- D06P1/6131—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes
- D06P1/6133—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes from araliphatic or aliphatic alcohols
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/62—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds with sulfate, sulfonate, sulfenic or sulfinic groups
- D06P1/621—Compounds without nitrogen
- D06P1/622—Sulfonic acids or their salts
- D06P1/623—Aliphatic, aralophatic or cycloaliphatic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
- D06P1/651—Compounds without nitrogen
- D06P1/65106—Oxygen-containing compounds
- D06P1/65125—Compounds containing ester groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/667—Organo-phosphorus compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
- D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
- D06P1/67358—Halides or oxyhalides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/02—After-treatment
- D06P5/04—After-treatment with organic compounds
- D06P5/06—After-treatment with organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/02—After-treatment
- D06P5/04—After-treatment with organic compounds
- D06P5/08—After-treatment with organic compounds macromolecular
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, include the following steps：A. prepared by Chinese grooseberry dyestuff；B. dyestuff is prepared；C. artificial leather is handled；D. dye；E. heat is steamed；F. final finishing.The dyeing and printing process of the present invention, can be lifted adhesive force of the vegetable colour on leather, so that leather after printing and dyeing not fugitive color, fade.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to leather dyeing and printing process field, and in particular to a kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather.
Background technology
Printing and dyeing are also referred to as dyeing and finishing.Dye molecule is formed surely after being handled by physical and chemical process with cloth or leather base substrate
Surely combine.In dyeing process, common chemical synthetic dye can produce substantial amounts of pollution, and cloth or leather after dye transfer
On, can also there is the material of more multipair human health, be unfavorable for the health of human body.For this reason, people in dyeing process, send out
Natural dye is showed, predominantly vegetable colour prints and dyes cloth, leather etc., can either so reach preferable printing and dyeing effect
Fruit, also can avoid harmful substance from remaining in leather, cloth, be conducive to the health of human body, while can also reduce and print and dye
The generation of pollutant in journey.But, it has to say, vegetable colour, the adhesion on leather is poor, is used after printing and dyeing
During, easily produce the situation faded, faded.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of adhesive force that can lift vegetable colour on leather, so that after printing and dyeing
Leather not fugitive color, fade using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather technique.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, includes the following steps：
A. prepared by Chinese grooseberry dyestuff：Chinese grooseberry pulp is taken, ultramicro grinding, it is 80% to obtain unusual fruit juice and then add concentration
Alcohol, the volume of the alcohol and the mass ratio of Chinese grooseberry are 5-10:1,12-24h is impregnated, with the sieve mistake of 80-100 mesh
Filter, collects filtrate；Then filter residue is used into identical soaking in alcohol, 12-24h, with the screen filtration of 80-100 mesh, collects filter
Liquid；Merge the filtrate being collected into twice, concentrate, vacuum drying, obtains solid, i.e. Chinese grooseberry dyestuff；
B. dyestuff is prepared：Take following component in parts by weight：28-32 parts of Chinese grooseberry dyestuff being obtained by a steps,
40-60 parts of 4-6 parts of tannin extract, 1.5-2.5 parts of color fixing agent, 0.8-1.2 parts of surfactant, 0.2-0.5 parts of sodium chloride and water；Will be upper
Each component mixes, and homogeneous stirring, obtains dyestuff；
C. artificial leather is handled：Artificial leather after tanning of learning from else's experience processing carries out acidleach, neutralisation treatment, the acid solution that acidleach uses
PH value is 1.5-2.5；Neutralisation treatment is specially：Alkali is added in the acid solution of dipping and is neutralized 30-45min, per 5min
Improve pH value 0.4-0.6；
D. dye：Artificial leather after step c is handled is immersed within 30s by dyestuff made from b step,
At a temperature of 30-40 DEG C, 25-35min is impregnated；
E. heat is steamed：By the artificial leather after Step d is handled temperature be 80-120 DEG C, pressure 0.5-1.5kg/cm2
Steam under heat steam 30-90min；
F. final finishing：It will be cleaned by the clear water used for artificial leather of step e processing, shady place air-dries.
In the present invention, preferable scheme is that the tannin extract in the step b is chestnut extract.
In the present invention, preferable scheme is that the color fixing agent in step b is cetylpyridinium chloride, hexadecyl pyrrole
At least one of pyridine and crosslinking color fixing agent DE.
In the present invention, preferable scheme is that the surfactant in the b step is lecithin, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid
At least one of sodium, dioctyl succinate disulfonate acid, Tween-80.
In the present invention, preferable scheme further includes step d1. stamps between the Step d and step e：Using printing machine
Stamp processing is carried out to the artificial leather by Step d processing, the environment temperature that stamp is handled is 25-35 DEG C, humidity 35-
50%.
In the present invention, preferable scheme is selected from carbonate, the phosphoric acid of alkali metal of alkali metal for the alkali that the step c uses
Salt, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
In the present invention, preferable scheme is that the clear water cleaning in the f steps is specially：Cleaned with clear water and pass through step e
The artificial leather 30s of processing, is cleaned 2-3 times.
In the present invention, preferable scheme is the technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, including following step
Suddenly：
A. prepared by Chinese grooseberry dyestuff：Chinese grooseberry pulp is taken, ultramicro grinding, it is 80% to obtain unusual fruit juice and then add concentration
Alcohol, the volume of the alcohol and the mass ratio of Chinese grooseberry are 7:1,15h is impregnated, with the screen filtration of 100 mesh, collects filter
Liquid；Then filter residue is used into identical soaking in alcohol, 14h, with the screen filtration of 100 mesh, collects filtrate；Merging is collected into twice
Filtrate, concentrate, vacuum drying, obtain solid, i.e. Chinese grooseberry dyestuff；
B. dyestuff is prepared：Take following component in parts by weight：30 parts of Chinese grooseberry dyestuff being obtained by a steps, evergreen chinquapin
50 parts of 5 parts of glue, 2.3 parts of color fixing agent, 1.1 parts of surfactant, 0.3 part of sodium chloride and water；Upper each component is mixed, homogeneous stirs
Mix, obtain dyestuff；
C. artificial leather is handled：Artificial leather after tanning of learning from else's experience processing carries out acidleach, neutralisation treatment, the acid solution that acidleach uses
PH value is 1.8；Neutralisation treatment is specially：Sodium acid carbonate is added in the acid solution of dipping and is neutralized 40min, is carried per 5min
High ph-values 0.4；
D. dye：Artificial leather after step c is handled is immersed within 30s by dyestuff made from b step,
At a temperature of 35 DEG C, 30min is impregnated；
E. heat is steamed：By the artificial leather after Step d is handled temperature be 95 DEG C, pressure 1.2kg/cm2Steam under
Heat steams 60min；
F. final finishing：It will be cleaned 2 times by the clear water used for artificial leather of step e processing, shady place air-dries.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
1st, in dyeing and printing process of the invention, it is used as mordant by adding color fixing agent and containing the tannin extract of tannin, can
So that the ligand such as hydroxyl contained on phytochrome molecule, carboxyl and with hydroxyl contained on fiber molecule on artificial leather
Form complicated multicomponent complex so that the active force increase between the fiber molecule on phytochrome and artificial leather, lifting are planted
Adhesive force of the thing dyestuff on leather；
2nd, by neutralisation treatment, the free acid on leather is neutralized, strengthens oozing for the fiber molecule on artificial leather and dyestuff
Thoroughly and combine so that dyeing is more uniformly distributed；In addition, in N-process, pH value is slowly lifted, can further open fiber point
Passage between son so that phytochrome molecule can further penetrate into artificial leather leather depths and fiber molecule formed it is more
First complex compound, further lifts adhesive force of the vegetable colour on leather；
3rd, after dyeing, hot steaming processing is carried out, can speed up the movement of leather surface phytochrome molecule, and by collagen
Gap is further opened between fiber so that phytochrome molecule enters the higher depth of leather so that the phytochrome of leather surface
Molecule is less, and the fixation ability of leather is stronger.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment
A kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, includes the following steps：
A. prepared by Chinese grooseberry dyestuff：Chinese grooseberry pulp is taken, ultramicro grinding, it is 80% to obtain unusual fruit juice and then add concentration
Alcohol, the volume of the alcohol and the mass ratio of Chinese grooseberry are 5-10:1,12-24h is impregnated, with the sieve mistake of 80-100 mesh
Filter, collects filtrate；Then filter residue is used into identical soaking in alcohol, 12-24h, with the screen filtration of 80-100 mesh, collects filter
Liquid；Merge the filtrate being collected into twice, concentrate, vacuum drying, obtains solid, i.e. Chinese grooseberry dyestuff；
Chinese grooseberry, also known as Kiwi berry, pulp are green, are that a kind of quality is fresh and tender, full of nutrition, the delicious fruit of flavor；
Wherein containing abundant phytochrome, can be used for printing and dyeing；
B. dyestuff is prepared：Take following component in parts by weight：28-32 parts of Chinese grooseberry dyestuff being obtained by a steps,
40-60 parts of 4-6 parts of tannin extract, 1.5-2.5 parts of color fixing agent, 0.8-1.2 parts of surfactant, 0.2-0.5 parts of sodium chloride and water；Will be upper
Each component mixes, and homogeneous stirring, obtains dyestuff；
Tannin extract in the step, the general name of a kind of complicated native compound.It is also non-wherein in addition to main component tannin
Tannin and insoluble matter, include but not limited to chestnut extract, oak tannin extract and larch bark tannin extract；Color fixing agent in the step,
It can be the color fixing agent of field of printing and dyeing, include but not limited to cetylpyridinium chloride and brocide and crosslinking
Color fixing agent DE；Color fixing agent in the step, can be the surfactant of field of printing and dyeing, include but not limited to lecithin, ten
Dialkyl benzene sulfonic acids sodium, dioctyl succinate disulfonate acid and Tween-80；
The general adhesive force of phytochrome is relatively low, in dyeing and printing process of the invention, by adding color fixing agent and containing tannin
Tannin extract as mordant, enable to the ligands such as hydroxyl contained on phytochrome molecule, carboxyl and with artificial leather
Contained hydroxyl forms the multicomponent complex of complexity on fiber molecule so that between the fiber molecule on phytochrome and artificial leather
Active force increase, adhesive force of the lifting vegetable colour on leather；
C. artificial leather is handled：Artificial leather after tanning of learning from else's experience processing carries out acidleach, neutralisation treatment, the acid solution that acidleach uses
PH value is 1.5-2.5；Neutralisation treatment is specially：Alkali is added in the acid solution of dipping and is neutralized 30-45min, per 5min
Improve pH value 0.4-0.6；
Alkali in the step, can be highly basic, weak base or salt of weak acid, include but not limited to carbonate, the alkali of alkali metal
Phosphate, sodium hydroxide and the potassium hydroxide of metal；Artificial leather in the present invention, can be various artificial leathers, including but unlimited
In PVC artificial leather, PU artificial leathers and artificial polyvinyl chloride leather；
By neutralisation treatment, the free acid on leather is neutralized, strengthens the infiltration of the fiber molecule and dyestuff on artificial leather
And combination so that dyeing is more uniformly distributed；In addition, in N-process, pH value is slowly lifted, can further open fiber molecule
Between passage so that phytochrome molecule can further penetrate into artificial leather leather depths formed with fiber molecule it is polynary
Complex compound, further lifts adhesive force of the vegetable colour on leather；
D. dye：Artificial leather after step c is handled is immersed within 30s by dyestuff made from b step,
At a temperature of 30-40 DEG C, 25-35min is impregnated；
E. heat is steamed：By the artificial leather after Step d is handled temperature be 80-120 DEG C, pressure 0.5-1.5kg/cm2
Steam under heat steam 30-90min；
After dyeing, hot steaming processing is carried out, can speed up the movement of leather surface phytochrome molecule, and collagen is fine
Gap is further opened between dimension so that phytochrome molecule enters the higher depth of leather so that the phytochrome of leather surface point
Sub less, the fixation ability of leather is stronger；
F. final finishing：It will be cleaned by the clear water used for artificial leather of step e processing, shady place air-dries.
In the present invention, preferable scheme further includes step d1. stamps between the Step d and step e：Using printing machine
Stamp processing is carried out to the artificial leather by Step d processing, the environment temperature that stamp is handled is 25-35 DEG C, humidity 35-
50%.Using the stamp processing environment of above-mentioned temperature and humidity scope, enable to printing quality more preferable.
In the present invention, preferable scheme is that the clear water cleaning in the f steps is specially：Cleaned with clear water and pass through step e
The artificial leather 30s of processing, is cleaned 2-3 times.
Embodiment 1
Using the technique of unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, include the following steps：
A. prepared by Chinese grooseberry dyestuff：Chinese grooseberry pulp is taken, ultramicro grinding, it is 80% to obtain unusual fruit juice and then add concentration
Alcohol, the volume of the alcohol and the mass ratio of Chinese grooseberry are 7:1,15h is impregnated, with the screen filtration of 100 mesh, collects filter
Liquid；Then filter residue is used into identical soaking in alcohol, 14h, with the screen filtration of 100 mesh, collects filtrate；Merging is collected into twice
Filtrate, concentrate, vacuum drying, obtain solid, i.e. Chinese grooseberry dyestuff；
B. dyestuff is prepared：Take following component in parts by weight：30 parts of Chinese grooseberry dyestuff being obtained by a steps, evergreen chinquapin
50 parts of 5 parts of glue, 2.3 parts of cetylpyridinium chloride, 1.1 parts of dioctyl succinate disulfonate acid, 0.3 part of sodium chloride and water；Will be upper
Each component mixes, and homogeneous stirring, obtains dyestuff；
C. artificial leather is handled：Artificial leather after tanning of learning from else's experience processing carries out acidleach, neutralisation treatment, the acid solution that acidleach uses
PH value is 1.8；Neutralisation treatment is specially：Sodium acid carbonate is added in the acid solution of dipping and is neutralized 40min, is carried per 5min
High ph-values 0.4；
D. dye：Artificial leather after step c is handled is immersed within 30s by dyestuff made from b step,
At a temperature of 35 DEG C, 30min is impregnated；
E. heat is steamed：By the artificial leather after Step d is handled temperature be 95 DEG C, pressure 1.2kg/cm2Steam under
Heat steams 60min；
F. final finishing：It will be cleaned 2 times by the clear water used for artificial leather of step e processing, each 30s, shady place air-dries.
Embodiment 2
A kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, includes the following steps：
A. prepared by Chinese grooseberry dyestuff：Chinese grooseberry pulp is taken, ultramicro grinding, it is 80% to obtain unusual fruit juice and then add concentration
Alcohol, the volume of the alcohol and the mass ratio of Chinese grooseberry are 5:1,12h is impregnated, with the screen filtration of 80 mesh, collects filtrate；
Then filter residue is used into identical soaking in alcohol, 12h, with the screen filtration of 80 mesh, collects filtrate；Merge the filter being collected into twice
Liquid, concentrates, and vacuum drying, obtains solid, i.e. Chinese grooseberry dyestuff；
B. dyestuff is prepared：Take following component in parts by weight：28 parts of Chinese grooseberry dyestuff being obtained by a steps, evergreen chinquapin
40 parts of 4 parts of glue, 1.5 parts of brocide, 0.8 part of lecithin, 0.2 part of sodium chloride and water；Upper each component is mixed,
Matter stirs, and obtains dyestuff；
C. artificial leather is handled：Artificial leather after tanning of learning from else's experience processing carries out acidleach, neutralisation treatment, the acid solution that acidleach uses
PH value is 1.5；Neutralisation treatment is specially：Saleratus is added in the acid solution of dipping and is neutralized 30min, is carried per 5min
High ph-values 0.6；
D. dye：Artificial leather after step c is handled is immersed within 30s by dyestuff made from b step,
At a temperature of 30 DEG C, 35min is impregnated；
E. heat is steamed：By the artificial leather after Step d is handled temperature be 80 DEG C, pressure 0.5kg/cm2Steam under
Heat steams 90min；
F. final finishing：It will be cleaned 3 times by the clear water used for artificial leather of step e processing, each 30s, shady place air-dries.
Embodiment 3
A kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, includes the following steps：
A. prepared by Chinese grooseberry dyestuff：Chinese grooseberry pulp is taken, ultramicro grinding, it is 80% to obtain unusual fruit juice and then add concentration
Alcohol, the volume of the alcohol and the mass ratio of Chinese grooseberry are 10:1,24h is impregnated, with the screen filtration of 100 mesh, collects filter
Liquid；Then filter residue is used into identical soaking in alcohol, 24h, with the screen filtration of 100 mesh, collects filtrate；Merging is collected into twice
Filtrate, concentrate, vacuum drying, obtain solid, i.e. Chinese grooseberry dyestuff；
B. dyestuff is prepared：Take following component in parts by weight：32 parts of Chinese grooseberry dyestuff being obtained by a steps, evergreen chinquapin
60 parts of 6 parts of glue, 2.5 parts of crosslinking color fixing agent DE, 1.2 parts of dioctyl succinate disulfonate acid, 0.5 part of sodium chloride and water；By upper each group
Divide mixing, homogeneous stirring, obtains dyestuff；
C. artificial leather is handled：Artificial leather after tanning of learning from else's experience processing carries out acidleach, neutralisation treatment, the acid solution that acidleach uses
PH value is 2.5；Neutralisation treatment is specially：Alkali is added in the acid solution of dipping and is neutralized 45min, pH value is improved per 5min
0.42；
D. dye：Artificial leather after step c is handled is immersed within 30s by dyestuff made from b step,
At a temperature of 40 DEG C, 25min is impregnated；
E. heat is steamed：By the artificial leather after Step d is handled temperature be 120 DEG C, pressure 1.5kg/cm2Steam under
Heat steams 90min；
F. final finishing：It will be cleaned 3 times by the clear water used for artificial leather of step e processing, each 30s, shady place air-dries.
Embodiment 4
A kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, includes the following steps：
A. prepared by Chinese grooseberry dyestuff：Chinese grooseberry pulp is taken, ultramicro grinding, it is 80% to obtain unusual fruit juice and then add concentration
Alcohol, the volume of the alcohol and the mass ratio of Chinese grooseberry are 8:1,18h is impregnated, with the screen filtration of 95 mesh, collects filtrate；
Then filter residue is used into identical soaking in alcohol, 20h, with the screen filtration of 100 mesh, collects filtrate；Merge what is be collected into twice
Filtrate, concentrates, and vacuum drying, obtains solid, i.e. Chinese grooseberry dyestuff；
B. dyestuff is prepared：Take following component in parts by weight：31 parts of Chinese grooseberry dyestuff being obtained by a steps, evergreen chinquapin
55 parts of 6 parts of glue, 2.3 parts of cetylpyridinium chloride, 1.1 parts of Tween-80,0.4 part of sodium chloride and water；Upper each component is mixed,
Homogeneous stirs, and obtains dyestuff；
C. artificial leather is handled：Artificial leather after tanning of learning from else's experience processing carries out acidleach, neutralisation treatment, the acid solution that acidleach uses
PH value is 2；Neutralisation treatment is specially：Potassium phosphate is added in the acid solution of dipping and is neutralized 40min, pH is improved per 5min
Value 0.45；
D. dye：Artificial leather after step c is handled is immersed within 30s by dyestuff made from b step,
At a temperature of 38 DEG C, 30min is impregnated；
E. heat is steamed：By the artificial leather after Step d is handled temperature be 100 DEG C, pressure 0.8kg/cm2Steam under
Heat steams 80min；
F. final finishing：It will be cleaned by the clear water used for artificial leather of step e processing, shady place air-dries.
Embodiment 5
A kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, includes the following steps：
A. prepared by Chinese grooseberry dyestuff：Chinese grooseberry pulp is taken, ultramicro grinding, it is 80% to obtain unusual fruit juice and then add concentration
Alcohol, the volume of the alcohol and the mass ratio of Chinese grooseberry are 9:1,20h is impregnated, with the screen filtration of 100 mesh, collects filter
Liquid；Then filter residue is used into identical soaking in alcohol, 18h, with the screen filtration of 100 mesh, collects filtrate；Merging is collected into twice
Filtrate, concentrate, vacuum drying, obtain solid, i.e. Chinese grooseberry dyestuff；
B. dyestuff is prepared：Take following component in parts by weight：31 parts of Chinese grooseberry dyestuff being obtained by a steps, evergreen chinquapin
53 parts of 5.5 parts of glue, 2.2 parts of brocide, 0.9 part of lecithin, 0.3 part of sodium chloride and water；Upper each component is mixed,
Homogeneous stirs, and obtains dyestuff；
C. artificial leather is handled：Artificial leather after tanning of learning from else's experience processing carries out acidleach, neutralisation treatment, the acid solution that acidleach uses
PH value is 2.1；Neutralisation treatment is specially：Alkali is added in the acid solution of dipping and is neutralized 35min, pH value is improved per 5min
0.6；
D. dye：Artificial leather after step c is handled is immersed within 30s by dyestuff made from b step,
At a temperature of 37 DEG C, 30min is impregnated；
E. heat is steamed：By the artificial leather after Step d is handled temperature be 110 DEG C, pressure 1.3kg/cm2Steam under
Heat steams 45min；
F. final finishing：It will be cleaned by the clear water used for artificial leather of step e processing, shady place air-dries.
Comparative example 1
A kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, does not include step c and step e as different from Example 1,
Remaining is same as Example 1.
Comparative example 2
A kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, does not include step c, remaining is equal as different from Example 1
It is same as Example 1.
Comparative example 3
A kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, does not include step e, remaining is equal as different from Example 1
It is same as Example 1.
Experimental example
8 pieces of PVC artificial leathers are taken, carry out printing and dyeing processing by the dyeing and printing process of embodiment 1-5, comparative example 1-3 respectively, then
The skin bit of 1 piece of 5cm × 5cm size is cut from the PVC artificial leather after every piece of printing and dyeing, carries out extraction experiments of stripping, extract choosing
With 25% pyridine solution, above-mentioned skin bit is respectively placed in the flask of 50mL, 10mL extracts is added, is then heated to 60
DEG C, constant temperature 25min, is pulled out, and cleaning, dries, and observes situation of stripping；Concrete outcome refers to table 1 below：
Table 1：Strip situation table by the extraction of stripping of embodiment 1-5, comparative example the 1-3 PVC artificial leather handled
| Experimental group | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 |
| Strip situation | Very small amount is stripped | Very small amount is stripped | Very small amount is stripped | Very small amount is stripped |
| Experimental group | Embodiment 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Strip situation | Very small amount is stripped | Largely strip | Strip on a small quantity | Strip on a small quantity |
Using above-mentioned PVC artificial leather, aforesaid operations are repeated after drying, required for observing and recording and strip completely on leather
By the number for extraction experiments of stripping, specific data refer to table 2 below：
Table 2：Strip completely data record sheet by embodiment 1-5, comparative example the 1-3 PVC artificial leather handled
| Experimental group | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 |
| Number of processes | 9 times | 7 times | 7 times | 6 times |
| Experimental group | Embodiment 5 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Number of processes | 5 times | 2 times | 4 times | 3 times |
The dyeing and printing process of the present invention, can be substantially improved vegetable colour in leather it can be seen from the data in upper table 1-2
On adhesive ability so that the leather after printing and dyeing are handled does not allow the situation for being also easy to produce colour fading, fading.
The above embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is impossible to the scope of protection of the invention is limited with this,
The change and replacement for any unsubstantiality that those skilled in the art is done on the basis of the present invention belong to institute of the present invention
Claimed scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of technique using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
A. prepared by Chinese grooseberry dyestuff：Chinese grooseberry pulp is taken, ultramicro grinding, obtains unusual fruit juice and then add the wine that concentration is 80%
Essence, the volume of the alcohol and the mass ratio of Chinese grooseberry are 5-10:1,12-24h is impregnated, with the screen filtration of 80-100 mesh,
Collect filtrate；Then filter residue is used into identical soaking in alcohol, 12-24h, with the screen filtration of 80-100 mesh, collects filtrate；Close
And the filtrate being collected into twice, concentrate, vacuum drying, obtains solid, i.e. Chinese grooseberry dyestuff；
B. dyestuff is prepared：Take following component in parts by weight：28-32 parts of Chinese grooseberry dyestuff, the tannin extract obtained by a steps
40-60 parts of 4-6 parts, 1.5-2.5 parts of color fixing agent, 0.8-1.2 parts of surfactant, 0.2-0.5 parts of sodium chloride and water；By upper each group
Divide mixing, homogeneous stirring, obtains dyestuff；
C. artificial leather is handled：Artificial leather after tanning of learning from else's experience processing carries out acidleach, neutralisation treatment, the acid solution pH value that acidleach uses
For 1.5-2.5；Neutralisation treatment is specially：Alkali is added in the acid solution of dipping and is neutralized 30-45min, is improved per 5min
PH value 0.4-0.6；
D. dye：Artificial leather after step c is handled is immersed within 30s by dyestuff made from b step,
At a temperature of 30-40 DEG C, 25-35min is impregnated；
D1. stamp：Stamp processing, the environment temperature of stamp processing carry out the artificial leather by Step d processing using printing machine
For 25-35 DEG C, humidity 35-50%；
E. heat is steamed：By the artificial leather after d1 step process temperature be 80-120 DEG C, pressure 0.5-1.5kg/cm2Steaming
Heat steams 30-90min under vapour；
F. final finishing：It will be cleaned by the clear water used for artificial leather of step e processing, shady place air-dries.
2. the technique according to claim 1 using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, it is characterised in that：In the step b
Tannin extract be chestnut extract.
3. the technique according to claim 1 using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, it is characterised in that：Consolidating in step b
Toner is at least one of cetylpyridinium chloride, brocide and crosslinking color fixing agent DE.
4. the technique according to claim 1 using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, it is characterised in that：In the b step
Surfactant be lecithin, neopelex, dioctyl succinate disulfonate acid, at least one of Tween-80.
5. the technique according to claim 1 using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, it is characterised in that：The step c is adopted
Alkali is selected from the carbonate of alkali metal, the phosphate of alkali metal, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
6. the technique according to claim 1 using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, it is characterised in that in the f steps
Clear water cleans：The artificial leather 30s handled by step e is cleaned with clear water, is cleaned 2-3 times.
7. the technique according to claim 1 using unusual fruit juice printing and dyeing artificial leather, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
A. prepared by Chinese grooseberry dyestuff：Chinese grooseberry pulp is taken, ultramicro grinding, obtains unusual fruit juice and then add the wine that concentration is 80%
Essence, the volume of the alcohol and the mass ratio of Chinese grooseberry are 7:1,15h is impregnated, with the screen filtration of 100 mesh, collects filtrate；
Then filter residue is used into identical soaking in alcohol, 14h, with the screen filtration of 100 mesh, collects filtrate；Merge what is be collected into twice
Filtrate, concentrates, and vacuum drying, obtains solid, i.e. Chinese grooseberry dyestuff；
B. dyestuff is prepared：Take following component in parts by weight：30 parts of Chinese grooseberry dyestuff, the tannin extract 5 obtained by a steps
Part, 2.3 parts of color fixing agent, 1.1 parts of surfactant, 0.3 part of sodium chloride and 50 parts of water；Upper each component is mixed, homogeneous stirring, obtains
To dyestuff；
C. artificial leather is handled：Artificial leather after tanning of learning from else's experience processing carries out acidleach, neutralisation treatment, the acid solution pH value that acidleach uses
For 1.8；Neutralisation treatment is specially：Sodium acid carbonate is added in the acid solution of dipping and is neutralized 40min, pH is improved per 5min
Value 0.4；
D. dye：Artificial leather after step c is handled is immersed within 30s by dyestuff made from b step, 35
At a temperature of DEG C, 30min is impregnated；
E. heat is steamed：By the artificial leather after Step d is handled temperature be 95 DEG C, pressure 1.2kg/cm2Steam under heat steam
60min；
F. final finishing：It will be cleaned 2 times by the clear water used for artificial leather of step e processing, shady place air-dries.
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