CN105388093B - The on-line monitoring system of pollen in a kind of air - Google Patents

The on-line monitoring system of pollen in a kind of air Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105388093B
CN105388093B CN201510731452.1A CN201510731452A CN105388093B CN 105388093 B CN105388093 B CN 105388093B CN 201510731452 A CN201510731452 A CN 201510731452A CN 105388093 B CN105388093 B CN 105388093B
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sampling
pollen
film band
air
sampler
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CN105388093A (en
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曾立民
许栩楠
李在玲
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Peking University
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Peking University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06Investigating concentration of particle suspensions

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention announces a kind of on-line monitoring system of pollen in air, including impact sampler, light microscope, sampling film band, transmission shaft, pneumatic control valve, CCD camera, sampling pump and industrial personal computer;Impact sampler connects atmospheric environment;Sampling pump connects impact sampler by connecting tube, is evacuated by the sampling outer tube of impact sampler, for acquiring in air pollen particles object in sampling film band;Sampling film band is sent to the lower section of light microscope by system control, is used for observation analysis;CCD camera carries out image analysis for acquiring pollen samples image information and being transmitted to computer.The configuration of the present invention is simple, it is easily operated, using automatic on-line collection analysis pollen samples, sample loss can be reduced, the loss of manpower and time is substantially reduced, can be used for the routine monitoring of air pollen.

Description

The on-line monitoring system of pollen in a kind of air
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of on-line monitoring systems of pollen in the monitoring technology of pollen in air more particularly to air.
Background technology
Pollen contamination is an importance of atmosphere pollution.Pollen contamination can cause pollen hypersensitivity to react, it is one Most common and most important one kind in allergic reaction is cut, seasonal allergic rhinitis, asthma and dermatitis etc. can be induced.Pollen mistake The severity of symptom of quick patient has correlation with pollen classification, concentration.Therefore, carry out the research work of pollen contamination, point Type, concentration, seasonal variations and the spatial distribution for analysing pollen in air have clinical diagnosis and treatment allergic reaction disease important Meaning.It carries out pollen monitoring and pollen is provided and is reported to the public that understanding of the public to allergic reaction disease can be deepened, remind Patient takes preventive measures.
Morphology discrimination method is taken in the discriminating of pollen type mostly at present.Offline mode is generally used to acquire pollen, system Standby pollen samples are for microscopic analysis.By differentiating that the morphological feature of pollen determines its classification, category grouping sheet can be generally identified Position, can only identify kind under rare cases.The concentration investigation method of pollen mainly has natural sedimentation and air containment sampling method. Natural sedimentation is on the weight glass slide that binder is kept flat to being coated with from descending slowly and lightly in air of pollen itself, and what is measured is single The pollen concentration of plane product.Air containment sampling method is to acquire pollen samples using modes such as compression, pumping, shock or filterings, What is obtained is the pollen type and concentration of unit interval unit volume.Pollen is always dense in the air that two kinds of different sampling methods count There are significant differences between degree and each kind pollen Particle density.Usually, air containment sampling method acquisition pollen Particle density is much larger than Sedimentation.The sampling of sedimentation pollen is affected by meteorologic factor.Usual air containment sampling method can more accurately reflect air The type and concentration of middle impact pressure casting, and pollen concentration general in the world is the pollen amount of unit interval unit volume, because This is conducive to be compared with international similar monitoring using air containment sampling method.
Mainly there are Rotorod samplers, Hirst samplers, Burkard using more air containment sampler in the world Sampler etc..Rotorod samplers are to stick stick machinery rotating acquisition pollen samples using transparent organic glass, by glass bar Direct staining is placed on microscopically observation.Hirst samplers are drawn air into from crack, are arranged in the windward side in crack One glass slide, and with certain speed mobile collection pollen samples.Burkard samplers are to fix 2 at isometric shaft both ends A sampling base item makes sampling base relative atmospheric move with constant rotary speed, utilizes the principle of solid inertial impaction, sampling Pollen in air is sticked to its acquisition surface pollen by base windward side.Pollen samples after the acquisition of these methods can be placed in micro- Observation detection is carried out under mirror, is a kind of off-line monitoring mode.Since microscope detection needs to expend a large amount of manpowers and time, at present Some external areas have begun to use the discriminating and counting that image capturing system carries out pollen.The pollen samples good by sample preparation is acquired It is placed under microscope, differentiates allergic disease using image capture system acquisition pollen image and using image analysis software, carry out Statistic of classification.This method can improve the efficiency of pollen discriminating, but still be a kind of off-line method.
In conclusion existing pollen monitoring analysis system be there are problems that, if sampling analysis system is in sampling, system Sample process may cause sample loss;Waste of manpower and time, efficiency are low;It cannot achieve online acquisition and in real time analysis pollen sample Product cannot reflect pollen concentration distribution characteristics etc. in air in real time.
Invention content
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of on-line monitor of pollen in air, should Pollen on-line monitor energy online acquisition pollen samples, and pollen samples image is acquired in real time, utilize image analysis software point Sample image information is analysed, and identifies the classification of pollen according to pollen picture library information, counts pollen quantity of all categories.
Technical solution provided by the invention is:
The on-line monitoring system of pollen in a kind of air, the on-line monitoring system include at least impact sampler, light Learn microscope, sampling film band, transmission shaft, pneumatic control valve, CCD camera, sampling pump and industrial personal computer;Wherein, impacting type samples Device connects atmospheric environment, and sampling pump is evacuated by the sampling outer tube of impact sampler, and pollen particles object is in institute in acquisition air It states on sampling film band;After the completion of sample collection, the industrial personal computer by control pneumatic control valve slight uplift impact sampler, Transmission shaft is controlled simultaneously and transmits the sampling film band, is shown the optics is sent at the sampling film band object containing pollen particles The lower section of micro mirror is used for observation analysis;The CCD camera is connect with the industrial personal computer, for acquiring pollen samples image information And be transmitted to computer and carry out image analysis, and then judge pollen type and quantity.
In the embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned air pollen on-line monitor includes sampling sieve 1, impact sampler 2, pad Piece 3, pneumatic control valve 4, sampling film band 5 transmit shaft 6, light microscope 7, CCD camera 8, industrial personal computer 9 and sampling pump 10;Wherein, impact sampler 2 is by sampling inner tube 2-1, sampling outer tube 2-2, impacting type sampling head 2-3 and sampling branch pipe 2-4 groups At sampling inner tube 2-1 is inserted in sampling outer tube 2-2, and by O circle 2-5 sealings, it is 20 × 2 rubber rings that O, which encloses 2-5,.Sample inner tube 2-1 For the stainless steel tube of Φ 16 × 3, it is connect with impacting type sampling head 2-3 by M10 screw threads.The upper ends impacting type sampling head 2-3 are Φ 16 × 3 stainless steel tube, lower end are tapered mouth, and angle of throat is 44 °, orifice diameter 2mm.It is Φ's 46 × 3 to sample outer tube 2-2 Stainless steel tube.Sample the stainless steel tube that branch pipe 2-4 is Φ 14 × 2.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned air in the on-line monitoring system of pollen, the front end of impact sampler 2 connects Sieve 1;Pneumatic control valve 4 is placed in the top of impact sampler 2;Industrial personal computer 9 is separately connected pneumatic control valve, transmission shaft 6 With CCD camera 8;The sampling outer tube 2-2 of impact sampler 2 is connect by connecting tube with sampling pump 10;Gasket 3 is placed in impacting type The lower section of sampler 2, the top of sampling film band ensure to have sealed with sampling film band 5 when impact sampler 2 pushes sampling It entirely, can normal sample;Sampling film band 5 is placed in lower section and the gasket 3 of the object lens of light microscope 7 by transmission shaft 6 Lower section, pass through transmit shaft 6 control transmission;CCD camera 8 is placed in the top of light microscope 7;2 He of impact sampler The gasket 3 of lower section can be placed between light microscope 7 and sampling pump 10.
In the embodiment of the present invention, sampling pump 10 is vacuum pump.Sampling film band 5 is transparent PVC film.Pneumatic control valve 4 and rotation Turn transmission shaft 6 by industrial personal computer 9 while controlling.
In above-mentioned air in the on-line monitoring system of pollen, 2 front end of impact sampler connects sieve 1, coarse to filter off Impurity etc..Sampling film band 5 controls the rotation of transmission shaft 6 to convey by industrial personal computer 9:Above-mentioned air pollen on-line monitor work When making, in acquisition sample stage, atmospheric sample enters system, impacting type sampling by sampling 200 μm of the obstruction of sieve 1 or more impurity Device 2 hits 2.5 μm of trapping or more pollen particles on sampling film band 5.When sampling, pneumatic operated valve 4 controls impact sampler 2 and pad Piece 3 compresses, and ensures 10 normal sample of sampling pump, and industrial personal computer 9, which controls pneumatic control valve 4 and pushes, to be made impact sampler 2 and adopt Sample film strips 5 seal intact, and roto-translation axis 6 is motionless;Sampling pump 10 is evacuated by the sampling outer tube of impact sampler 2, pollen Particulate matter, which is then hit, to be trapped on sampling film band 5;After having acquired sample, pneumatic control valve 4 is controlled by industrial personal computer 9 and is slightly lifted Impact sampler 2, while the rotation transmission sampling film of roto-translation axis 6 band 5 is controlled, it will be transmitted at sample contained by sampling film band 5 It is studied for observation and analysis below to the object lens of light microscope 7;Thus sampling and the sample analysis work of a cycle are completed, such as This circulating sampling analyzes sample.It includes two shafts to transmit shaft 6, and the left side is active rotating shaft, and the right is driven spindle, and the right turns Brand-new sampling film band is installed on axis, left side shaft is then rolled collecting and observed the film strips containing pollen samples, so, sampling Film strips 5 are rolled again after the active rotating shaft that the driven spindle on the right is sent to the left side;The online of pollen is achieved in adopt Collection and in real time analysis work.When i.e. sampling film band 5 of rotation transmission shaft 6 conveying containing sample is in 7 lower section of light microscope It can carry out observation analysis.CCD camera 8 acquires sample image information, is sent to industrial personal computer 9 and stores and handle image information.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of air pollen on-line monitor, including at least impact sampler, light microscope, adopts Sample film strips, transmission shaft, CCD camera, sampling pump and industrial personal computer;Wherein, impact sampler connects atmospheric environment, and acquisition is big Pollen particles object is on the sampling film band in gas;Acquisition industrial personal computer control after a certain period of time transmits shaft by the sampling film band It is sent at object containing pollen particles below the microscope and supplies micro- sem observation;CCD camera acquires sample image information, and transmits It is analyzed to computer for image analysis software processing, and then judges pollen type and quantity.
Using technical solution of the present invention, can online acquisition pollen samples, and acquire pollen samples image in real time, utilize figure As analysis software sample image information, and according to the classification of pollen picture library information identification pollen, count pollen number of all categories Amount;System has the following advantages:
One, the present invention uses automatic on-line collection analysis pollen samples, can reduce sample loss, the air of monitoring analysis in real time In pollen type and quantity, substantially reduce the loss of manpower and time;
Two, the present invention is sampled using impacting type pollen, and sampling apparatus is simple, can acquire most of pollen samples in air, Sample loss is few;
Three, the present invention is lifted using Hysteresis for Pneumatic Control Valves impact sampler, while sampling film band being coordinated to transmit, and is completed Sample automatic collection and analytic process;
Four, the present invention uses CCD camera automatic collection sample image information, using software analysis image, and combines pollen Picture library information judgement pollen classification is carried out at the same time statistic of classification, to obtain different classes of pollen concentration;
Five, apparatus of the present invention are simple in structure, easily operated, can be used for routine monitoring use.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composite structural diagram of pollen on-line monitoring system in the air in the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, 1-sampling sieve;2-impact samplers;3-gaskets;4-pneumatic control valves;5-sampling film bands; 6-transmission shafts;7-light microscopes;8-CCD cameras;9-industrial personal computers;10-sampling pumps.
Fig. 2 is the composite structural diagram of the impact sampler in the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, 2-1 is sampling inner tube;2-2 is sampling outer tube;2-3 is impacting type sampling head;2-4 is sampling branch pipe;2-5 It is enclosed for O;Sampling inner tube 2-1 is inserted in sampling outer tube 2-2, by O circle 2-5 sealings.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention, the model of but do not limit the invention in any way are further described by embodiment It encloses.
Pollen on-line monitor energy online acquisition pollen samples provided by the invention, and pollen samples figure is acquired in real time Picture analyzes sample image information using image analysis software, and identifies the classification of pollen according to pollen picture library information, and statistics is all kinds of Other pollen quantity.
Air pollen on-line monitor includes at least impact sampler, light microscope, sampling film band, transmission turn Axis, CCD camera, sampling pump and industrial personal computer.The impact sampler connects atmospheric environment, acquires pollen particles object in air In on the sampling film band;The acquisition transmission shaft of industrial personal computer control after a certain period of time will be at the sampling film band object containing pollen particles It is sent to below the microscope and supplies micro- sem observation;CCD camera acquires sample image information, and is transmitted to computer for image Analysis software processing analysis, and then judge pollen type and quantity.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, air pollen on-line monitor includes sampling sieve 1, impact sampler 2, Gasket 3, pneumatic control valve 4, sampling film band 5 transmit shaft 6, light microscope 7, CCD camera 8, industrial personal computer 9 and sampling pump 10。
In above-described embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, impact sampler 2 samples outer tube 2-2, impacting type by sampling inner tube 2-1 Sampling head 2-3, sampling branch pipe 2-4 compositions, sampling inner tube 2-1 are inserted in sampling outer tube 2-2, and by O circle 2-5 sealings, O circles 2-5 is 20 × 2 rubber rings.The stainless steel tube that inner tube 2-1 is Φ 16 × 3 is sampled, is connect with impacting type sampling head 2-3 by M10 screw threads. The upper ends impacting type sampling head 2-3 are the stainless steel tube of Φ 16 × 3, and lower end is tapered mouth, and angle of throat is 44 °, and orifice diameter is 2mm.Sample the stainless steel tube that outer tube 2-2 is Φ 46 × 3.Sample the stainless steel tube that branch pipe 2-4 is Φ 14 × 2.
In above-described embodiment, sampling pump is vacuum pump.Sampling film band 5 is transparent PVC film.Pneumatic control valve 4 and rotation pass Axis 6 is sent by industrial personal computer 9 while being controlled.
Due to common pollen particles grain size generally intersegmental, about 5 μm of the part small particle pollen in 30~50 μm of grain sizes in air Left and right, about 100~200 μm of big grain size pollen.Therefore the impact sampler that the present invention uses is sampled using 2.5 μm of impacting types Device, acquisition grain size are more than 2.5 μm of pollen, you can meet the most of pollen particles observed in air.In addition, this programme makes It it is 100 times with the microscopical amplification factor of optics, minimum resolution is 10 μm, and most of pollen particles in air may be implemented Observation, and tests prove that pollen samples be not required to dyeing can clearly observe.
When above-mentioned air pollen on-line monitor work, in acquisition sample stage, as shown in Figure 1, atmospheric sample passes through Sampling sieve 1 stops 200 μm or more impurity and enters system, and the particles hit for being more than 2.5 μm in air is hit on sampling film band 5 It hits formula sampler 2 and hits 2.5 μm of trapping or more pollen particles on sampling film band 5.Pneumatic control valve 4 controls impacting type when sampling Sampler 2 is compressed with gasket 3, ensures 10 normal sample of sampling pump.Industrial personal computer 9 controls pneumatic operated valve control 4 and pushes impacting type sampling Device 2 and the sealing of sampling film band are intact, and roto-translation axis 6 is motionless.After having acquired sample, industrial personal computer 9 controls pneumatic operated valve 4 and is slightly lifted Impact sampler 2, while the rotation transmission sampling film of roto-translation axis 6 band 5 is controlled, it will contain and be sent to light microscope at sample 7 lower sections are for analysis and research;I.e. rotation transmission shaft 6 conveys the sampling film band 5 containing sample and is in 7 lower section of light microscope for seeing Examine analysis.CCD camera 8 acquires sample image information, is sent to industrial personal computer 9 and stores and handle image information.
It should be noted that the present invention is only illustrated with above-described embodiment, structure, installation position and its company of each component It connects and may be changed, it is based on the technical solution of the present invention, all that individual part is carried out according to the principle of the invention Improvement and equivalents, should not exclude except protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. the on-line monitoring system of pollen in a kind of air, characterized in that the on-line monitoring system is adopted including at least impacting type Sample device, light microscope, sampling film band, transmission shaft, pneumatic control valve, CCD camera, sampling pump and industrial personal computer;The shock Formula sampler connects atmospheric environment;Impact sampler is by sampling inner tube, sampling outer tube, impacting type sampling head and sampling branch pipe group At;Sampling inner tube is inserted in sampling outer tube;Sampling inner tube is connect with impacting type sampling head;The sampling pump is connected by connecting tube Impact sampler;When sampling, the industrial personal computer controls the pneumatic control valve and pushes impact sampler and the sampling film Band sealing is complete, and the sampling pump is evacuated from the sampling outer tube of impact sampler, and pollen particles object, which is hit, in air collects In on the sampling film band;The sampling pump is vacuum pump;The sampling film band is transparent PVC film;After the completion of sample collection, institute Industrial personal computer is stated by controlling pneumatic control valve slight uplift impact sampler, while controlling transmission shaft and transmitting the sampling film Band will be sent to the lower section of the light microscope at the sampling film band object containing pollen particles, be used for observation analysis;It is described CCD camera is connect with the industrial personal computer, and image analysis is carried out for acquiring pollen samples image information and being transmitted to computer;
The system also includes sampling sieve and gaskets;The front end of the impact sampler connects sieve;Gasket is placed in shock The lower section of formula sampler, the top of sampling film band can seal when for ensureing that impact sampler pushes sampling with sampling film band Completely;Industrial personal computer is separately connected pneumatic control valve, transmission shaft and CCD camera;The pneumatic control valve and transmission shaft are by work Control machine controls simultaneously;Sampling film band is placed in above light microscope sample stage, by transmitting shaft control transmission.
2. the on-line monitoring system of pollen in air as described in claim 1, characterized in that the sampling of the impact sampler Inner tube is inserted in sampling outer tube, is enclosed and is sealed by O;Sampling inner tube is connect especially by screw thread with impacting type sampling head.
3. the on-line monitoring system of pollen in air as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the O circles are 20 × 2 rubber rings; The stainless steel tube that the sampling inner tube is Φ 16 × 3;The upper end of the impacting type sampling head is the stainless steel tube of Φ 16 × 3, under End is tapered mouth;The stainless steel tube that the sampling outer tube is Φ 46 × 3;The stainless steel tube that the sampling branch pipe is Φ 14 × 2.
4. the on-line monitoring system of pollen in air as described in claim 1, characterized in that the sieve stops 200 μm or more Impurity enters system;The impact sampler hits 2.5 μm of trapping or more pollen particles on sampling film band.
5. the on-line monitoring system of pollen in air as described in claim 1, characterized in that the transmission shaft includes actively turning Axis and driven spindle;Brand-new sampling film band is installed on the driven spindle, sampling film band is sent to by driven spindle The active rotating shaft, the active rotating shaft are rolled collecting and observed the sampling film band containing pollen samples.
CN201510731452.1A 2015-11-02 2015-11-02 The on-line monitoring system of pollen in a kind of air Expired - Fee Related CN105388093B (en)

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CN112945817B (en) * 2021-01-29 2023-04-21 内蒙古工业大学 Cyclone pollen concentration detection method and device
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