CN105388093A - Online monitoring system of pollen in atmosphere - Google Patents

Online monitoring system of pollen in atmosphere Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105388093A
CN105388093A CN201510731452.1A CN201510731452A CN105388093A CN 105388093 A CN105388093 A CN 105388093A CN 201510731452 A CN201510731452 A CN 201510731452A CN 105388093 A CN105388093 A CN 105388093A
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sampling
pollen
film strips
monitoring system
rotating shaft
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CN201510731452.1A
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CN105388093B (en
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曾立民
许栩楠
李在玲
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Peking University
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Peking University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06Investigating concentration of particle suspensions

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an online monitoring system of pollen in atmosphere. The online monitoring system comprises an impact-type sampler, an optical microscope, a sampling membrane band, a conveying rotating shaft, a pneumatic control valve, a CCD camera, a sampling pump and an industrial personal computer. The impact-type sampler is connected with the atmospheric environment. The sampling pump is connected with the impact-type sampler through a connecting pipe, exhausts air from an outer sampling pipe of the impact-type sampler, and is used for collecting pollen particles in the atmosphere on the sampling membrane band. The sampling membrane band is controlled by a system to be conveyed to the portion below the optical microscope for observation and analysis. The CCD camera is used for collecting pollen sample image information and transmitting the pollen sample image information to the computer for image analysis. The online monitoring system is simple in structure and easy to operate, collects and analyzes pollen samples in an automatic and online mode, can reduce sample losses, reduces a large number of labor and time losses and can be used for routine atmosphere pollen monitoring.

Description

The on-line monitoring system of pollen in a kind of air
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring technology of pollen in air, particularly relate to the on-line monitoring system of pollen in a kind of air.
Background technology
Pollen contamination is an importance of atmospheric pollution.Pollen contamination can cause pollen hypersensitivity to react, and it is the most common and most important one in all allergic reactions, can bring out seasonal allergic rhinitis, asthma and dermatitis etc.Severity of symptom and pollen classification, the concentration of pollen allergic patients have correlativity.Therefore, carry out the research work of pollen contamination, in analyse atmos, the kind of pollen, concentration, seasonal variations and space distribution, significant for clinical diagnosis and treatment allergic reaction disease.Carry out pollen monitoring and provide pollen report can deepen the understanding of the public to allergic reaction disease to the public, reminding patient to take preventive measures.
Morphology discrimination method is taked in the discriminating of current pollen kind mostly.General use offline mode gathers pollen, prepares pollen samples for microscopic analysis.By differentiating that the morphological feature of pollen determines its classification, generally can identify genus taxonomical unit, only can identify kind under rare cases.The concentration investigation method of pollen mainly contains natural sedimentation and air containment sampling method.Natural sedimentation descends slowly and lightly from air to scribbling on microslide that binder keeps flat by the weight of pollen itself, and what record is the pollen concentration of unit area.Air containment sampling method adopts to compress, bleed, to clash into or the mode such as filtration gathers pollen samples, and what obtain is pollen kind and the concentration of unit interval unit volume.Significant difference is there is between pollen total concentration and each kind pollen Particle density in the air of two kinds of different sampling method countings.Usually, air containment sampling method gathers pollen Particle density much larger than sedimentation.The sampling of sedimentation pollen is larger by meteorological factor influence.Usual air containment sampling method can reflect kind and the concentration of impact pressure casting in air more truly, and pollen concentration general is in the world the pollen amount of unit interval unit volume, air containment sampling method is therefore adopted to be conducive to comparing with international similar monitoring.
Apply more air containment sampling thief in the world and mainly contain Rotorod sampling thief, Hirst sampling thief, Burkard sampling thief etc.Rotorod sampling thief uses transparent organic glass to stick excellent mechanical rotating acquisition pollen samples, and glass bar direct staining is placed on basis of microscopic observation.Hirst sampling thief is by air intake from crack, arranges a microslide in the windward side in crack, and with certain speed mobile collection pollen samples.Burkard sampling thief fixes 2 sampling base bars at isometric rotating shaft two ends, with constant rotational speed, sampling base bar relative atmospheric moved, utilize the principle of solid inertial impaction, and the pollen in air is bonded at its acquisition surface pollen by sampling base bar windward side.Pollen samples after these method collections carries out observation and detects under can being placed in microscope, be a kind of off-line monitoring mode.Because microscopic examination needs at substantial manpower and time, more external areas have brought into use image capturing system to carry out discriminating and the counting of pollen at present.Under pollen samples good for collection sample preparation is placed in microscope, uses image capture system acquisition pollen image also to utilize image analysis software to differentiate allergic disease, carry out statistic of classification.This method can improve the efficiency that pollen is differentiated, but still is a kind of off-line method.
In sum, existing pollen monitoring analysis system also exists some problems, as sampling analysis system may cause sample loss at sampling, sample making course; Waste of manpower and time, efficiency is low; Online acquisition and real-time analysis pollen samples cannot be realized, pollen concentration distribution characteristics etc. in air can not be reflected in real time.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the on-line monitor of pollen in a kind of air, this pollen on-line monitor energy online acquisition pollen samples, and Real-time Collection pollen samples image, image analysis software is utilized to analyze sample image information, and according to the classification of pollen figure library information identification pollen, add up pollen quantity of all categories.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is:
An on-line monitoring system for pollen in air, described on-line monitoring system at least comprises impact sampler, optical microscope, sampling film strips, transmits rotating shaft, pneumatic control valve, CCD camera, sampling pump and industrial computer; Wherein, impact sampler connects atmospheric environment, and sampling pump is bled by the sampling outer tube of impact sampler, and in collection air, pollen particles thing is in described sampling film strips; After sample collection completes, described industrial computer is by controlling pneumatic control valve slight uplift impact sampler, control to transmit rotating shaft simultaneously and transmit described sampling film strips, described sampling film strips is sent to the below of described optical microscope containing pollen particles thing place, for observation analysis; Described CCD camera is connected with described industrial computer, carries out graphical analysis for gathering pollen samples image information and transferring to computing machine, and then judges pollen kind and quantity.
In the embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned air pollen on-line monitor comprises sampling screen cloth 1, impact sampler 2, pad 3, pneumatic control valve 4, and sampling film strips 5, transmits rotating shaft 6, optical microscope 7, CCD camera 8, industrial computer 9, and sampling pump 10; Wherein, impact sampler 2 is made up of pipe 2-1, sampling outer tube 2-2, impacting type sampling head 2-3 and sampling arm 2-4 in sampling, and in sampling, pipe 2-1 is inserted in sampling outer tube 2-2, and enclose 2-5 by O and seal, it is 20 × 2 rubber rings that O encloses 2-5.In sampling, pipe 2-1 is the stainless-steel tube of Φ 16 × 3, is connected with impacting type sampling head 2-3 by M10 screw thread.Impacting type sampling head 2-3 upper end is the stainless-steel tube of Φ 16 × 3, and lower end is convergent mouth, and angle of throat is 44 °, and orifice diameter is 2mm.Sampling outer tube 2-2 is the stainless-steel tube of Φ 46 × 3.Sampling arm 2-4 is the stainless-steel tube of Φ 14 × 2.
In the embodiment of the present invention, in above-mentioned air pollen on-line monitoring system in, the front end of impact sampler 2 connects screen cloth 1; Pneumatic control valve 4 is placed in the top of impact sampler 2; Industrial computer 9 connects pneumatic control valve respectively, transmits rotating shaft 6 and CCD camera 8; The sampling outer tube 2-2 of impact sampler 2 is connected with sampling pump 10 by connecting pipe; Pad 3 is placed in the below of impact sampler 2, the top of sampling film strips, can seal completely with sampling film strips 5 when ensureing that impact sampler 2 presses down sampling, can normal sample; Sampling film strips 5 is placed in the below of the object lens of optical microscope 7 and the below of pad 3 by transmitting rotating shaft 6, is transmitted by transmission rotating shaft 6 control; CCD camera 8 is placed in the top of optical microscope 7; The pad 3 of impact sampler 2 and below can be placed between optical microscope 7 and sampling pump 10.
In the embodiment of the present invention, sampling pump 10 is vacuum pump.Sampling film strips 5 is transparent PVC film.Pneumatic control valve 4 and roto-translation axis 6 are controlled by industrial computer 9 simultaneously.
In above-mentioned air pollen on-line monitoring system in, impact sampler 2 front end connects screen cloth 1, with elimination coarse impurities etc.The rotation that sampling film strips 5 controls to transmit rotating shaft 6 by industrial computer 9 is carried: when above-mentioned air pollen on-line monitor works, in the collected specimens stage, atmospheric sample is stopped more than 200 μm impurity by sampling screen cloth 1 and is entered system, and impact sampler 2 clashes into trapping more than 2.5 μm pollen particles in sampling film strips 5.During sampling, pneumatic valve 4 controls impact sampler 2 and compresses with pad 3, ensures sampling pump 10 normal sample, and industrial computer 9 controls pneumatic control valve 4 and presses down and make impact sampler 2 seal intact with sampling film strips 5, and roto-translation axis 6 is motionless; Sampling pump 10 is bled by the sampling outer tube of impact sampler 2, and pollen particles thing then clashes into and traps in sampling film strips 5; After having gathered sample, pneumatic control valve 4 lifting impact sampler 2 is slightly controlled by industrial computer 9, control roto-translation axis 6 to rotate and transmit sampling film strips 5, for observation and analysis research below the object lens that sample place contained by sampling film strips 5 is sent to optical microscope 7 simultaneously; Complete sampling and the sample analysis work of one-period thus, circulating sampling like this analyzes sample.Transmit rotating shaft 6 and comprise two rotating shafts, the left side is active rotating shaft, the right is driven spindle, brand-new sampling film strips is installed in the right rotating shaft, left side rotating shaft is then rolled collecting and observing the film strips containing pollen samples, so sampling film strips 5 again rolls after the driven spindle on the right is sent to the active rotating shaft on the left side; Realize online acquisition and the real-time analysis work of pollen thus.Namely rotate and transmit when rotating shaft 6 carries the sampling film strips 5 containing sample to be in below optical microscope 7 and can carry out observation analysis.CCD camera 8 collected specimens image information, is sent to industrial computer 9 and stores and processing image information.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The invention provides a kind of air pollen on-line monitor, at least comprise impact sampler, optical microscope, sampling film strips, transmit rotating shaft, CCD camera, sampling pump and industrial computer; Wherein, impact sampler connects atmospheric environment, and in collection air, pollen particles thing is in described sampling film strips; After gathering certain hour, described sampling film strips is sent to below described microscope for microscopic examination containing pollen particles thing place by industrial computer control transmission rotating shaft; CCD camera collected specimens image information, and transfer to computing machine for image analysis software Treatment Analysis, and then judge pollen kind and quantity.
Adopt technical solution of the present invention, can online acquisition pollen samples, and Real-time Collection pollen samples image, utilize image analysis software to analyze sample image information, and according to the classification of pollen figure library information identification pollen, add up pollen quantity of all categories; System has the following advantages:
One, the present invention adopts automatic on-line collection analysis pollen samples, can reduce sample loss, and the pollen kind in real time monitoring analyse atmos and quantity, substantially reduce the number the loss of manpower and time;
Two, the present invention adopts impacting type pollen to sample, and sampling apparatus is simple, and can gather most of pollen samples in air, sample loss is few;
Three, the present invention adopts Hysteresis for Pneumatic Control Valves impact sampler to be elevated, and coordinates the transmission of sampling film strips simultaneously, completes sample and automatically gather and analytic process;
Four, the present invention adopts the automatic collected specimens image information of CCD camera, utilizes software analysis image, and judges that pollen classification carries out statistic of classification simultaneously in conjunction with pollen figure library information, thus obtains different classes of pollen concentration;
Five, apparatus of the present invention structure is simple, is easy to operation, can be used for routine monitoring and uses.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the composition structural drawing of pollen on-line monitoring system in the air in the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, 1-sampling screen cloth; 2-impact sampler; 3-pad; 4-pneumatic control valve; 5-sampling film strips; 6-transmit rotating shaft; 7-optical microscope; 8-CCD camera; 9-industrial computer; 10-sampling pump.
Fig. 2 is the composition structural drawing of the impact sampler in the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, 2-1 is pipe in sampling; 2-2 is sampling outer tube; 2-3 is impacting type sampling head; 2-4 is sampling arm; 2-5 is O circle; In sampling, pipe 2-1 is inserted in sampling outer tube 2-2, encloses 2-5 seal by O.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further describe the present invention by embodiment, but the scope do not limited the present invention in any way.
Pollen on-line monitor energy online acquisition pollen samples provided by the invention, and Real-time Collection pollen samples image, utilize image analysis software to analyze sample image information, and according to the classification of pollen figure library information identification pollen, add up pollen quantity of all categories.
Air pollen on-line monitor at least comprises impact sampler, optical microscope, sampling film strips, transmits rotating shaft, CCD camera, sampling pump and industrial computer.Described impact sampler connects atmospheric environment, and in collection air, pollen particles thing is in described sampling film strips; After gathering certain hour, described sampling film strips is sent to below described microscope for microscopic examination containing pollen particles thing place by industrial computer control transmission rotating shaft; CCD camera collected specimens image information, and transfer to computing machine for image analysis software Treatment Analysis, and then judge pollen kind and quantity.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, air pollen on-line monitor comprises sampling screen cloth 1, impact sampler 2, pad 3, pneumatic control valve 4, and sampling film strips 5, transmits rotating shaft 6, optical microscope 7, CCD camera 8, industrial computer 9, and sampling pump 10.
In above-described embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, impact sampler 2 is by pipe 2-1 in sampling, and sampling outer tube 2-2, impacting type sampling head 2-3, sampling arm 2-4 composition, in sampling, pipe 2-1 is inserted in sampling outer tube 2-2, and enclose 2-5 by O and seal, it is 20 × 2 rubber rings that O encloses 2-5.In sampling, pipe 2-1 is the stainless-steel tube of Φ 16 × 3, is connected with impacting type sampling head 2-3 by M10 screw thread.Impacting type sampling head 2-3 upper end is the stainless-steel tube of Φ 16 × 3, and lower end is convergent mouth, and angle of throat is 44 °, and orifice diameter is 2mm.Sampling outer tube 2-2 is the stainless-steel tube of Φ 46 × 3.Sampling arm 2-4 is the stainless-steel tube of Φ 14 × 2.
In above-described embodiment, sampling pump is vacuum pump.Sampling film strips 5 is transparent PVC film.Pneumatic control valve 4 and roto-translation axis 6 are controlled by industrial computer 9 simultaneously.
Because pollen particles particle diameter common in air is generally intersegmental at 30 ~ 50 μm of particle diameters, part small particle diameter pollen about about 5 μm, Large stone pollen about 100 ~ 200 μm.Therefore the impact sampler that the present invention uses adopts 2.5 μm of impact samplers, gathers the pollen that particle diameter is greater than 2.5 μm, can meet the most of pollen particles observed in air.In addition, this programme uses the enlargement factor of optical microscope to be 100 times, and minimum resolution is 10 μm, can realize the observation of most of pollen particles in air, and proves that pollen samples does not need dyeing to get final product clear observation through test.
During above-mentioned air pollen on-line monitor work, in the collected specimens stage, as shown in Figure 1, atmospheric sample is stopped more than 200 μm impurity by sampling screen cloth 1 and is entered system, be greater than the particles hit of 2.5 μm in air in sampling film strips 5, impact sampler 2 clashes into trapping more than 2.5 μm pollen particles in sampling film strips 5.During sampling, pneumatic control valve 4 controls impact sampler 2 and compresses with pad 3, ensures sampling pump 10 normal sample.Industrial computer 9 controls pneumatic valve and controls 4 and press down impact sampler 2 and seal intact with sampling film strips, and roto-translation axis 6 is motionless.After having gathered sample, industrial computer 9 controls pneumatic valve 4 lifting impact sampler 2 slightly, controls roto-translation axis 6 simultaneously and rotates transmission sampling film strips 5, will be sent to below optical microscope 7 for analysis and research containing sample place; Namely rotating transmission rotating shaft 6 carries the sampling film strips 5 containing sample to be in below optical microscope 7 for observation analysis.CCD camera 8 collected specimens image information, is sent to industrial computer 9 and stores and processing image information.
It should be noted that; the present invention is only described with above-described embodiment; the structure of each parts, setting position and connection thereof all can change to some extent; on the basis of technical solution of the present invention; all improvement of carrying out individual part according to the principle of the invention and equivalents, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. the on-line monitoring system of pollen in air, is characterized in that, described on-line monitoring system at least comprises impact sampler, optical microscope, sampling film strips, transmits rotating shaft, pneumatic control valve, CCD camera, sampling pump and industrial computer; Described impact sampler connects atmospheric environment; Described sampling pump connects impact sampler by connecting pipe; During sampling, described industrial computer controls described pneumatic control valve and presses down impact sampler and described sampling film strips seals completely, and described sampling pump is bled from the sampling outer tube of impact sampler, and in air, pollen particles thing clashes into and is collected in described sampling film strips; After sample collection completes, described industrial computer is by controlling pneumatic control valve slight uplift impact sampler, control to transmit rotating shaft simultaneously and transmit described sampling film strips, described sampling film strips is sent to the below of described optical microscope containing pollen particles thing place, for observation analysis; Described CCD camera is connected with described industrial computer, carries out graphical analysis for gathering pollen samples image information and transferring to computing machine.
2. the on-line monitoring system of pollen in air as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described impact sampler is made up of interior pipe of sampling, sampling outer tube, impacting type sampling head and sampling arm; In sampling, pipe is inserted in sampling outer tube, encloses sealing by O; In sampling, pipe is connected with impacting type sampling head by screw thread.
3. the on-line monitoring system of pollen in air as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described O circle is 20 × 2 rubber rings; In described sampling, pipe is the stainless-steel tube of Φ 16 × 3; The upper end of described impacting type sampling head is the stainless-steel tube of Φ 16 × 3, and lower end is convergent mouth; Described sampling outer tube is the stainless-steel tube of Φ 46 × 3; Described sampling arm is the stainless-steel tube of Φ 14 × 2.
4. the on-line monitoring system of pollen in air as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sampling pump is vacuum pump; Described sampling film strips is transparent PVC film.
5. the on-line monitoring system of pollen in air as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described system also comprises sampling screen cloth and pad; The front end of described impact sampler connects screen cloth; Pad is placed in the below of impact sampler, the top of sampling film strips, can seal complete with sampling film strips during for ensureing that impact sampler presses down sampling; Industrial computer connects pneumatic control valve respectively, transmits rotating shaft and CCD camera; Described pneumatic control valve and roto-translation axis are controlled by industrial computer simultaneously; Sampling film strips is placed in above optical microscope sample stage, controls to transmit by transmitting rotating shaft.
6. the on-line monitoring system of pollen in air as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described screen cloth is stopped more than 200 μm impurity and is entered system; Described impact sampler clashes into trapping more than 2.5 μm pollen particles in sampling film strips.
7. the on-line monitoring system of pollen in air as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described transmission rotating shaft comprises active rotating shaft and driven spindle; Described driven spindle is installed brand-new sampling film strips, and sampling film strips is sent to described active rotating shaft by driven spindle, and described active rotating shaft is rolled collecting and observing the sampling film band containing pollen samples.
CN201510731452.1A 2015-11-02 2015-11-02 The on-line monitoring system of pollen in a kind of air Expired - Fee Related CN105388093B (en)

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CN107560987A (en) * 2017-09-11 2018-01-09 重庆交通大学 A kind of air bioparticle concentration computational methods
CN107631914A (en) * 2017-09-11 2018-01-26 重庆交通大学 A kind of biologic grain collector
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CN111896430A (en) * 2020-01-06 2020-11-06 上海恺擎智能科技有限公司 Pollen monitoring method and device
CN112179822A (en) * 2020-08-27 2021-01-05 河海大学 Environmental monitoring device for urban greening area
CN112945817A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 内蒙古工业大学 Cyclone pollen concentration detection method and device
CN112945817B (en) * 2021-01-29 2023-04-21 内蒙古工业大学 Cyclone pollen concentration detection method and device
CN113358945A (en) * 2021-07-01 2021-09-07 兰州空间技术物理研究所 Multifunctional space high-speed dust characteristic detector
CN113358945B (en) * 2021-07-01 2023-07-28 兰州空间技术物理研究所 Multifunctional space high-speed dust characteristic detector
CN117907162A (en) * 2024-01-24 2024-04-19 重庆市生态环境科学研究院 Atmospheric pollen on-line detection system
CN118376561A (en) * 2024-06-20 2024-07-23 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 Pollen intelligent monitoring analysis system and control method thereof

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