CN113916618A - Online virus monitoring and early warning device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an online virus monitoring and early warning device, which comprises a large-flow cyclone concentrator, a modified Biosampler sampler, a PCR preprocessor, a gene chip identification, an automatic inactivation system, a communication network, a positioning, an automatic control system, an execution mechanism and the like. A large amount of air is subjected to virus concentration and separation through a large-flow cyclone concentrator, concentrated gas is pumped into a modified Biosampler sampler, sampled sampling liquid is sent into a PCR preprocessor, virus identification is completed through gene chip identification, once harmful viruses are monitored, information of the harmful viruses is transmitted to a centralized control center through a wireless network, and the centralized control center sends alarm information. By analyzing a large amount of stationed information and combining meteorological information, a big data analysis technology can be adopted to analyze the virus origin and the diffusion path, thereby providing scientific basis for protection decision-making. The wireless network can transmit detection information, equipment working conditions and commands in time, so that virus early warning work is automatically completed, and personnel do not need to participate in the monitoring process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of information processing, in particular to an online virus monitoring and early warning device.
Background
The aerosol is a common transmission mode of viruses and bacteria, along with the rapid development of economy, people gather in cities, transportation and travel are increasingly convenient, public places are increasingly increased, and infectious diseases increasingly harm social safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an online virus monitoring and early warning device which can solve the technical problem.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an online virus monitoring and early warning device comprises a centralized control center and a plurality of monitoring devices, wherein each monitoring device comprises a high-flow cyclone concentrator and a Biosampler sampler, and the high-flow cyclone concentrator is connected with the Biosampler sampler through a pipeline;
the outlet of the Biosampler sampler is in butt joint with the inlet of the PCR pretreatment mechanism;
the system also comprises a gene chip identification unit, a data processing unit and a communication network and positioning unit which are connected in sequence, wherein the outlet of the PCR pretreatment mechanism is butted with the inlet of the gene chip identification unit;
and the communication network and positioning unit is in communication connection with the centralized control center.
Furthermore, the large-flow cyclone concentrator comprises a frustum cone which is of a closed structure;
an air inlet is formed in the side face of the upper portion of the frustum body, an air inlet mesh enclosure is arranged on the air inlet, and an axial flow fan is installed in the air inlet mesh enclosure;
the top of the truncated cone body is provided with an air outlet, the bottom of the truncated cone body is provided with an ash outlet, and a collecting funnel is embedded into the ash outlet at the bottom;
the lower port of the collection funnel was connected to the inlet of the BiosamPler sampler with a hose.
Further, the BiosamPler sampler comprises a sampler cavity structure, and an inlet is arranged at the top of the sampler cavity structure;
the concentrated aerosol is connected to the inlet of the cavity structure of the sampler through the outlet of the collecting funnel by a hose;
the sampling device also comprises a sampling liquid storage, the sampling liquid storage is communicated with the cavity structure of the sampler through a pipeline, and a metering pump and a one-way valve are sequentially arranged on the pipeline;
an air suction opening is formed in the side face of the upper part of the cavity structure of the sampler;
the bottom of the cavity structure of the sampler is provided with an outlet, and the outlet is provided with an electromagnetic valve;
and sending the sampled liquid to a PCR pretreatment mechanism through an outlet.
Furthermore, the PCR pretreatment mechanism comprises a test tube, a cross beam and a servo motor, wherein the cross beam is horizontally arranged, the servo motor is placed below the cross beam, the cross beam is fixed at the rotating end of the servo motor, and the servo motor drives the cross beam to horizontally rotate;
the test tube is vertically placed, and the top opening end of the test tube is movably hinged to one end of the cross beam.
And the axial flow fan, the metering pump, the one-way valve, the electromagnetic valve and the servo motor are respectively in communication connection with the control module.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a reflection-type photoelectric switch, wherein the reflection-type photoelectric switch is used for detecting the position of the beam and is connected with the control module.
Furthermore, an automatic inactivation system is arranged in each monitoring device, and the automatic inactivation system comprises an ultraviolet radiation or ozone generator.
Further, the communication network also serves as a positioning unit, wherein the communication network adopts a 3G, 4G or 5G GPRS network, and the positioning unit adopts GPS and Beidou positioning.
According to the technical scheme, the online virus monitoring and early warning device comprises a large-flow cyclone concentrator, a modified Biosampler sampler, a PCR preprocessor, a gene chip identification system, an automatic inactivation system, a communication network, a positioning system, an automatic control system, an execution mechanism and the like. A large amount of air is subjected to virus concentration and separation through a large-flow cyclone concentrator, concentrated gas is pumped into a modified Biosampler sampler, sampled sampling liquid is sent into a PCR preprocessor, virus identification is completed through gene chip identification, once harmful viruses are monitored, information of the harmful viruses is transmitted to a centralized control center through a wireless network, and the centralized control center sends alarm information. By analyzing a large amount of stationed information and combining meteorological information, a big data analysis technology can be adopted to analyze the virus origin and the diffusion path, thereby providing scientific basis for protection decision-making. The wireless network can transmit detection information, equipment working conditions and commands in time, so that virus early warning work is automatically completed, and personnel do not need to participate in the monitoring process.
The invention provides an online virus monitoring and early warning method and device, which solve the problems of large-scale virus detection and early warning in the atmosphere: the virus monitoring and early warning are carried out on high-risk places such as hospitals, stations, squares, customs, subways, farmer markets and the like, people in contact are quickly defined, the virus outbreak risk is favorably controlled, the social safety is maintained, and the economic loss is reduced; because the detection, early warning and inactivation are automatically completed, personnel contact is not needed, the safety of the personnel is ensured, and the requirement on operators is obviously reduced; does not depend on scarce resources such as high-grade biological laboratories and the like; the characteristics of virus source, transfer flow rule, movement route and the like can be traced so as to adopt a coping strategy; monitoring of different viruses can be realized by replacing different types of reagents; provides convenience for other scientists studying viruses and provides a new research means and method; the strong software function of the centralized control center processes the information and sends alarm information in time, and key information can be sent to a specified mobile phone.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cyclone concentrator of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the improved BiosamPler sampler of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the high speed centrifuge of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
The online virus monitoring and early warning device is used for solving the technical problem that the virus monitoring method in the prior art cannot realize real-time remote monitoring.
The embodiment comprises a centralized control center, a wireless communication network and a plurality of monitoring devices, wherein each monitoring device comprises the following main modules: the system comprises a large-flow cyclone concentrator, a modified Biosampler sampler, PCR pretreatment, gene chip identification, an automatic control system and an execution mechanism, an automatic inactivation system, a communication network, positioning and other modules.
Each monitoring device comprises a large-flow cyclone concentrator and a Biosampler sampler, and the large-flow cyclone concentrator is connected with the Biosampler sampler through a pipeline;
the outlet of the Biosampler sampler is in butt joint with the inlet of the PCR pretreatment mechanism;
the system also comprises a gene chip identification unit, a data processing unit and a communication network and positioning unit which are connected in sequence, wherein the outlet of the PCR pretreatment mechanism is butted with the inlet of the gene chip identification unit;
and the communication network and positioning unit is in communication connection with the centralized control center.
Wherein,
large-flow cyclone concentrator: the preliminary separation is necessary for collecting a larger air range and removing various irrelevant particles mixed in the air as much as possible.
Modified BiosamPler sampler: the sampling device takes liquid as a carrier, the sampler is made of glass material, and airflow is impacted in a high-speed rotating manner in the sampling liquid, so the sampling device integrates impact and centrifugal sampling technologies, reduces secondary vaporization and pressure on microbial tissues, can sample for a long time, has high collection efficiency of about 90 percent, is proved to be superior to a solid impact sampler and an AG-30 liquid sampler in the aspect of collecting legionella aerosol, and mainly realizes the automatic liquid changing function so as to realize automatic and repeated use for multiple times of sampling.
A PCR preprocessor: the PCR pretreatment is to remove PCR inhibitors to improve sensitivity. PCR is a rapid, sensitive, specific assay, but if many contaminant inhibitors are present in the sample, its sensitivity is significantly reduced, thus, the method of sample pretreatment is critical to the success of PCR, considering that the object of the present invention is an atmospheric aerosol, the impurities are mainly inorganic dust particles, certainly, a small amount of organic matters such as pollen, bacteria and the like are possible, compared with human body fluid, the components are relatively simpler, and no obvious interference components such as collagen, red blood cells, antibodies, calcium ions and the like exist, therefore, the present invention employs centrifugation, which has been proven to be a method for rapid detection, with a culture medium specifically used for density centrifugation, can be used for collecting microorganisms with different densities and removing PCR inhibitors, and the target cells obtained by the method can be directly used for PCR detection. The density centrifugation method has the advantages that target cells can be rapidly collected for PCR detection, and the method is simple.
Gene chip identification: the method for determining nucleic acid sequence by means of hybridization with a group of nucleic acid probes with known sequence includes fixing probes of target nucleic acid with known sequence on the surface of a substrate, determining the position of probe with strongest fluorescence intensity to obtain a group of probe sequences with complete complementary sequence when the nucleic acid sequence with fluorescence label in solution is complementary matched with the nucleic acid probes at corresponding position on gene chip. Compared with the traditional detection, the gene chip can simultaneously detect a plurality of pathogens, greatly improves the detection sensitivity, saves time and reagents and improves the detection speed.
The control module is an automatic control system and an actuating mechanism: the solar charging and lithium battery management system comprises a central processor, a wireless network communication and positioning module, a solar charging and lithium battery management module, driving modules such as an air extractor and an electromagnetic valve, a touch screen module, a structure, a protective shell and the like.
Automatic inactivation system: the method of ultraviolet irradiation and ozone introduction into the polluted channel is adopted to kill the last residual virus, thus achieving the purpose of eliminating interference.
Communication network and positioning: the communication network adopts 3G, 4G or 5G GPRS network, adopts GPS and big dipper location, acquires current geographical position, but communication module and centralized control center bidirectional communication, and its inside has gesture monitoring module promptly triaxial gravity acceleration sensor, and when acceleration sensor was in static state, gravity acceleration was in X, Y, Z triaxial component and is kept stable, and after equipment put into use, if take place to incline or remove, just can trigger centralized control center and send alarm signal expert, had the theftproof function.
A centralized control center: the system comprises a computer and a communication module, wherein control software is run on the computer, so that the position and the state of remote equipment, the residual condition of a sample, the electric quantity, the working condition and the like can be monitored in real time, meanwhile, a centralized control center can send out related instructions, for example, the centralized control center sets to simultaneously start monitoring work or start monitoring work according to specified time and the like, once dangerous viruses are monitored, an alarm is sent out, and functions of data backup, historical actions and the like are supported.
The following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the drawings and principles, is made:
fig. 1 is a block diagram of an online virus monitoring and early warning device in an embodiment of the present invention, where the system includes: the system comprises a centralized control center, a wireless communication network and a plurality of monitoring devices, wherein each monitoring point device mainly comprises the following modules: the system comprises a large-flow cyclone concentrator, a modified Biosampler sampler, PCR pretreatment, gene chip identification, an automatic control system and an execution mechanism, an automatic inactivation system, a communication network, positioning and other modules.
About 50 or more ten thousand species of airborne microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, with particle diameters ranging from 0.01 μm to 100 μm, few airborne microorganisms exist alone, most of them are attached to dust, airborne bacteria-carrying particles with diameters of 8 μm are more, particles having diameters of 0.1-10 μm, which are closely related to human health and air quality, particles smaller than 0.1 μm can generally be exhaled, most particles larger than 10 μm are filtered by the nose, the concentration of pathogenic air microorganisms is generally low, for example, about 2830L of air can detect a viable meningococcal particle, since the BiosamPler collection flow rate is about 12.5 liters/minute, and the sampling time generally cannot exceed 30 minutes, in order to collect more air in a short time, a pre-stage concentration mechanism, namely a high-flow cyclone concentrator needs to be designed.
The cyclone concentrator has a structure shown in fig. 2, microorganism aerosol enters the cyclone sampler and then circularly moves along the wall of the sampler, microorganism particles in the airflow approach the wall of the sampler due to the action of centrifugal force, the microorganism particles finally fall into the bottom of the sampler, and clean airflow flows out from the top. The concentrated particle size is as follows:
wherein μ is the air viscosity, vrCSFor axial velocity on the inlet face, Dd is the concentrator cylinder internal diameter, ρPIs the density of the particles, vθcsIs the tangential velocity on the air intake face.
The cyclone concentrator consists of an air inlet, a mesh enclosure 1, a frustum 6, air outlets 3 and 5, a collecting funnel 4 and the like;
the frustum body 6 is a closed structure; an air inlet is formed in the side face of the upper portion of the frustum body 6, an air inlet mesh enclosure 1 is arranged on the air inlet, and an axial flow fan 2 is installed in the air inlet mesh enclosure 1;
the top of the frustum cone 6 is provided with an air outlet 3, the bottom of the frustum cone 6 is provided with an ash outlet 5, and a collecting funnel 4 is embedded into the bottom ash outlet 5;
the lower end of the collection funnel 4 was connected to the inlet of the BiosamPler sampler with a hose.
When the device works, the axial flow fan 2 is arranged on the air inlet mesh enclosure 1, the power of the axial flow fan is adjusted to enable the air inlet flow velocity to reach a designed value, the air inlet flow velocity does circular motion along with the air flow and is extruded by the conical wall 6, the air flow velocity is continuously increased, microbial particles are thrown off the wall, most of the air is finally discharged through the air outlet 3, particles with larger particle sizes, namely particles which are not collected, are discharged through the ash outlet 5, the lower end interface of the collecting funnel 4 is connected to the air inlet 7 of the sampler shown in figure 3 through a hose, Dd is the diameter of the inner wall of the concentrator, P is the inner diameter of the air inlet, d is the inner diameter of the air outlet, H is the height of a cylinder, H is the height of the inner cavity of the concentrator, and S is the insertion depth of the air outlet pipe.
The modified BiosamPler structure is shown in fig. 3, the BiosamPler sampler comprises a sampler cavity structure, and an inlet 7 is arranged at the top of the sampler cavity structure; the concentrated aerosol is connected to the inlet 7 of the sampler cavity structure through the outlet of the collecting funnel 4 by a hose; the sampling device also comprises a sampling liquid storage 9, wherein the sampling liquid storage 9 is communicated with the cavity structure of the sampler through a pipeline, and a metering pump 11 and a one-way valve 10 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline; the side surface of the upper part of the cavity structure of the sampler is provided with an air extraction opening 8; the bottom of the sampler cavity structure is provided with an outlet 13, and the outlet 13 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 12;
during operation, the export of concentrated aerosol through funnel 4 is connected to BiosamPler sampler entry 7 through the hose, and when preparing the sample, the sampling liquid 9 of storage is sent into the BiosamPler sampler through check valve 10 through the measuring pump, and the effect of check valve is keeping apart sampler and measuring pump output pipeline, and the air extractor is bled from extraction opening 8, and after bleeding execution set for bleed time, accomplish the sampling process promptly, and at this moment, solenoid valve 12 is opened, and the liquid that samples is sent into PCR preprocessing mechanism through export 13. Sampling liquid constantly reduces because of the evaporation in the sampling process, can in time supply through measuring pump 11, consequently can implement the sampling that duration is longer than traditional sampling, and needn't worry sampling liquid evaporation problem, when the sampling is accomplished, can send into ozone through extraction opening 8 to open solenoid valve 12, reach the disinfection purpose.
PCR pretreatment is to remove PCR inhibitory factors to improve sensitivity, and PCR is a rapid, sensitive and specific detection method, however, if there are many impurity suppressors in the sample, its sensitivity will be significantly reduced, and therefore, the sample pretreatment method is critical to the success or failure of PCR, considering that the sample of the present invention is an atmospheric aerosol, the impurities are mainly inorganic dust particles, and may have a small amount of pollen, bacteria and other organic matters, compared with human body fluid, the components are relatively simpler, components such as collagen, red blood cells, antibodies, calcium ions and the like do not exist or are extremely trace, therefore, the present invention employs centrifugation, which has been proven to be a method for rapid detection, can be used for collecting microorganisms with different densities and removing PCR inhibitors, and the target cells obtained by the method can be directly used for PCR detection.
PCR pretreatment As shown in FIG. 4, the high-speed centrifugal pump is composed of a servo motor 15, a beam 17, a test tube 14, a reflective photoelectric switch 16 and the like, wherein the beam 17 is horizontally arranged, the servo motor 15 is placed below the beam 17, the beam 17 is fixed at the rotating end of the servo motor 15, and the servo motor 15 drives the beam 17 to horizontally rotate; the test tube 14 is placed longitudinally with its top open end hinged at one end of a cross-piece 17.
When the device works, when the motor rotates at a high speed, the test tube is pulled to be horizontal due to the action of centrifugal force, when the centrifugal time is finished, the servo motor is stopped to a preset position through the detection of the reflection-type photoelectric switch, the output port 13 of the Biosampler sampler is right above the test tube inlet, and the bottom mixed liquid after the centrifugal separation is finished is moved out to the next flow through the pipettor. After the required mixed liquid is removed, the residual waste liquid is removed to the waste liquid box by the liquid removing device, at the moment, the inactivation gas guide pipe is aligned to the test tube opening, the inactivation gas is introduced, the liquid removing device also performs an idle liquid removing action in the test tube, the inactivation purpose is achieved, and the preparation is prepared for next sampling.
Gene chip identification: a DNA chip is also called, i.e. a method for determining nucleic acid sequence by means of hybridization with a group of nucleic acid probes with known sequence, the probe of target nucleotide with known sequence is fixed on the surface of a substrate, when the nucleic acid sequence with fluorescent label in the solution is complementary matched with the nucleic acid probe at the correspondent position on the gene chip, the probe position with strongest fluorescence intensity is defined to obtain a group of probe sequences with completely complementary sequence, so that the sequence of target nucleic acid can be recombined, and said invented method can be used in the fields of strain identification, mutation and typing detection and single nucleotide polymorphism hoof-checking, etc. Compared with the traditional detection, the gene chip can simultaneously detect a plurality of pathogens, greatly improves the detection sensitivity, saves time and reagents and improves the detection speed.
Automatic control system and actuating mechanism: the solar charging and lithium battery management system comprises a central processor, a wireless network communication and positioning module, a solar charging and lithium battery management module, driving modules such as an air extractor and an electromagnetic valve, a touch screen module, a structure, a protective shell and the like; the axial flow fan 2, the metering pump 11, the one-way valve 10, the electromagnetic valve 12 and the servo motor 15 are respectively connected with a central processor circuit.
Automatic inactivation system: the method of ultraviolet irradiation and ozone introduction into the polluted channel is adopted to kill the last residual virus, thus achieving the purpose of eliminating interference.
Communication network and positioning: the communication network adopts 3G, 4G or 5G GPRS network, adopts GPS and big dipper location, acquires current geographical position, but communication module and centralized control center bidirectional communication, but its inside has gesture monitoring module promptly triaxial gravity acceleration sensor, when acceleration sensor is in static state, the component of gravity acceleration at X, Y, Z triaxial keeps stable, after equipment is put into use, in case take place to incline or remove, just can trigger centralized control center and send alarm signal expert, has the theftproof function.
A centralized control center: the system comprises a computer and a communication module, wherein control software is run on the computer, so that the position and the state of remote equipment, the residual condition of a sample, the electric quantity, the working condition and the like can be monitored in real time, meanwhile, a centralized control center can send out related instructions, for example, the centralized control center sets to simultaneously start monitoring work or start monitoring work according to specified time and the like, once dangerous viruses are monitored, an alarm is sent out, and functions of data backup, historical actions and the like are supported.
In conclusion, the embodiment of the invention timely obtains the air virus-carrying information of the monitoring point through an automation technology and a wireless network, the large-flow cyclone concentrator collects air in a wider range, the modified Biosampler can finish the purposes of automatic liquid changing, liquid supplementing and disinfecting, multiple sampling, PCR pretreatment and gene chip identification technologies are realized, the virus type can be identified, the wireless network can timely transmit detection information, equipment working conditions and commands, so that the virus early warning work is automatically finished, and personnel do not need to participate in the monitoring process.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an online virus monitoring and early warning device, includes centralized control center and a plurality of monitoring devices, its characterized in that:
each monitoring device comprises a large-flow cyclone concentrator and a Biosampler sampler, and the large-flow cyclone concentrator is connected with the Biosampler sampler through a pipeline;
the outlet of the Biosampler sampler is in butt joint with the inlet of the PCR pretreatment mechanism;
the system also comprises a gene chip identification unit, a data processing unit and a communication network and positioning unit which are connected in sequence, wherein the outlet of the PCR pretreatment mechanism is butted with the inlet of the gene chip identification unit;
and the communication network and positioning unit is in communication connection with the centralized control center.
2. The online virus monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, wherein: the high-flow cyclone concentrator comprises a frustum cone (6), and the frustum cone (6) is of a closed structure;
an air inlet is formed in the side face of the upper portion of the frustum body (6), an air inlet mesh enclosure (1) is arranged on the air inlet, and an axial flow fan (2) is installed in the air inlet mesh enclosure (1);
the top of the table cone body (6) is provided with an air outlet (3), the bottom of the table cone body (6) is provided with an ash outlet (5), and a collecting funnel (4) is embedded into the ash outlet (5) at the bottom;
the lower end interface of the collection funnel (4) is connected to the inlet of the Biosampler sampler by a hose.
3. The online virus monitoring and early warning device according to claim 2, wherein: the Biosampler sampler comprises a sampler cavity structure, and the top of the sampler cavity structure is provided with an inlet (7);
the concentrated aerosol is connected to an inlet (7) of the cavity structure of the sampler through a hose via an outlet of the collecting funnel (4);
the sampling device also comprises a sampling liquid storage (9), wherein the sampling liquid storage (9) is communicated with the cavity structure of the sampler through a pipeline, and a metering pump (11) and a one-way valve (10) are sequentially arranged on the pipeline;
the side surface of the upper part of the cavity structure of the sampler is provided with an air extraction opening (8);
an outlet (13) is arranged at the bottom of the sampler cavity structure, and an electromagnetic valve (12) is arranged on the outlet (13);
the sampled liquid is sent to a PCR pretreatment mechanism through an outlet (13).
4. The online virus monitoring and early warning device according to claim 3, wherein: the PCR pretreatment mechanism comprises a test tube (14), a cross beam (17) and a servo motor (15), wherein the cross beam (17) is horizontally arranged, the servo motor (15) is placed below the cross beam (17), the cross beam (17) is fixed at the rotating end of the servo motor (15), and the servo motor (15) drives the cross beam (17) to horizontally rotate;
the test tube (14) is placed longitudinally, the top open end of the test tube is hinged at one end of the cross beam (17).
5. The online virus monitoring and early warning device according to claim 4, wherein: the axial flow fan (2), the metering pump (11), the one-way valve (10), the electromagnetic valve (12) and the servo motor (15) are respectively in circuit connection with the control module.
6. The online virus monitoring and early warning device according to claim 5, wherein: the device also comprises a reflection-type photoelectric switch (16), wherein the reflection-type photoelectric switch (16) is used for detecting the position of the beam (17), and the reflection-type photoelectric switch (16) is connected with a control module circuit.
7. The online virus monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, wherein: an automatic inactivation system is arranged in each monitoring device, and the automatic inactivation system comprises an ultraviolet radiation or ozone generator.
8. The online virus monitoring and early warning device according to claim 1, wherein: the communication network also serves as a positioning unit, wherein the communication network adopts a 3G, 4G or 5G GPRS network, and the positioning unit adopts GPS and Beidou positioning.
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