CN1053606A - 吡啶-2,4-和2,5-二羟酸二-(硝酰基烷基)酰胺,其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
吡啶-2,4-和2,5-二羟酸二-(硝酰基烷基)酰胺,其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及式I所示的吡啶-2,4-和-2,5-二
羟酸二(硝酰基烷基)酰胺。
式中R具有已指定的意义。本发明的化合物可
抑制酵素脯氨酸羟基酶和赖氨酸羟基酶并可相应地
用作纤维抑制剂药和免疫抑制药。
Description
能抑制酵素脯氨酸羟基酶和赖氨酸羟基酶的化合物能通过影响胶原特有的羟化反应对胶原的生物合成产生非常有选择性的抑制。在此过程中,与蛋白质结合的脯氨酸或赖氨酸被酵素脯氨酸羟基酶或者赖氨酸羟基酶羟化。如果对此反应通过抑制剂进行抑制,则生成无功能的次羟基化胶原分子,这种分子只有少量能被细胞排到细胞外间隙中。此外,这种次羟基化了的胶原不能被结合在胶原母体中,而很容易解肮分解。这个效应的结果是,使在细胞外贮存的胶原总量减少了。
众所周知,通过已知的抑制剂如α,α′-联二吡啶对脯氨酸羟基酶的抑制会导致巨噬细胞的Clq-生物合成的抑制〔W.Muller等,欧洲生物化学学会联合会通讯(FHBS Lett.)90(1978),218;免疫生物学155(1978),47〕。通过这种方式导致补体活化(Komplementaktivierung)不能按常规的途径进行。因此脯氨酸羟基酶抑制剂也起免疫抑制药的作用,例如是免疫综合症时。
众所周知,吡啶-2,4-和-2,5-二羧酸可有效抑制酵素脯氨酸羟基酶(K.Majamaa等;欧洲生物化学杂志(Eur.J.Biochem.)138(1984)239-245〕。在细胞培养中,这些化合物的浓度当然只在很高时才起抑制剂作用〔Tschank,G.等;生物化学杂志(Biochem.J.)238(1987)625-633〕。
DE-A3432094说明了在酯烷基部分有1-6个C-原子的吡啶-2,4-和-2,5-二羧酸二酯可作为抑制脯氨酸羟基酶和赖氨酸羟基酶的药剂。
可是此低烷基化的二酯有缺点,即它们在有机体中会过快地分解成酸,并且在细胞中在其作用位置,达不到足够高的浓度。所以,较少作为药剂使用。
DE-A3703959和DE-A3703962一般地说明了能有效抑制动物型胶原生物合成的吡啶-2,4-和-2,5-二羧酸的混合酯/酰胺、较高烷基化的二酯和二酰胺。
其中DE-A3703959还说明了N,N′-双(2-甲氧基乙基)-吡啶-2,4-二羧酸二酰胺和N,N′-双(3-异丙氧基丙基)-吡啶-2,4-二羧酸二酰胺的合成。
在德国专利申请P3826471.4和P3828140.6中提出了制备N,N′-双(2-甲氧基乙基)-吡啶-2,4-二羧酸二酰胺的改进方法。德国专利登记P3924093.2提出了一种新的N,N′-双(烷氧基烷基)-吡啶-2,4-二羧酸二酰胺。
众所周知,不但吡啶-2,4-和-2,5-二羧酸二酰胺〔Hirakata等;J.Pharm.soc.Japan(日本医药协会杂志)77(1957)219和Haring等Helv.37(1954)147,153〕,而且吡啶-2,4和-2,5-二羧酸二酰胺(Itai等;Bl。nation.hyg.Labor.Tokyo(东京国家卫生实验室通报)74(1956)115,117和Shinohara等;Chem.High Polymers Japan(日本高聚物化学),15(1958)839〕均可作为结核病用药。
在日本专利JP53/28175(78/28175)中,说明了N,N′-双(2-硝酰基乙基)吡啶-2,4-和-2,5-二羧酸二酰胺是有扩张血管作用的物质。
意外地发现了,化学式Ⅰ所示的吡啶-2,4-和-2,5-二羧酸二(硝酰基烷基)酰胺和生理上可接受的一些盐,有效地抑制动物型脯氨酸羟基酶和赖氨酸羟基酶。
式中R表示C1-C4-烷撑
本发明相应涉及到a)化学式Ⅰ所示的化合物和生理上可接受的盐在制备抑制脯氨酸羟基酶和赖氨酸羟基酶的药物方面的应用。
式中R表示C1-C4-烷撑
本发明还涉及b)式Ⅰ所示的化合物以及作药物用的、生理上可接受的盐。式中R代表甲撑、丙撑或丁撑。
此外发明还涉及c)式Ⅰ所示的化合物及其生理上可消化的盐,式中R表示甲撑、丙撑或丁撑。
本发明尤其涉及按照a),b),和c)用作纤维抑制药和免疫抑制药以及抑制脯氨酸羟基酶和赖氨酸羟基酶和影响胶原及似胶原物质新陈代谢或者Clq生物合成的式Ⅰ所示化合物。
所有前面提到的具有多于2个碳原子的烷基,既可以是直链的,也可以是分枝的。
此外,本发明还涉及Ⅰ所示的化合物的制备方法。此方法的特征在于:使式Ⅱ所示的化合物
与式Ⅲ所示的化合物进行反应。
式中R的意义和化学式Ⅰ中的相同,Y代表卤素、羟基或C1-C4烷氧基或者与羰基一起生成一个活性酯,或者生成一个混合酸酐。
或者将式Ⅳ所示的化合物进行硝化,必要时紧接着将此反应产物转化成生理上可接受的盐。
式中R的意义如上所述。
下面进一步说明式Ⅰ所示化合物的制备以及此化合物所需原料的制备(如果买不到原料的话)。
制备本发明化合物,最简单的方法是:将式(Ⅱ)所示的吡啶衍生物和式(Ⅲ)所示的胺这二个组分以等摩尔数,或以化合物Ⅲ最多约过量5倍进行混合,并在温度为-30到150℃之间,最好在20至100℃之间使反应进行直到结束为止。反应终点例如可通过薄层色谱法测定。此方法的一种方案是使反应在一种合适的溶剂中进行,如在乙醚或二甲氧基乙烷或四氢呋喃,氯化碳氢化合物如二氯甲烷、氯仿、三氯乙烯或四氯化乙烯,苯、甲苯或极性溶剂如二甲基酰胺,丙酮、醇类例如甲醇或乙醇或二甲基亚砜中进行。在这里使用式(Ⅲ)所示的胺可以最多约过量5倍。反应温度在室温和溶剂的沸点之间,温度范围最好在室温和130℃之间。
此反应同样可以经过一种混合酸酐如氯甲酸乙酯或经过一个活性酯如硝基酚酯(Y=ClCH2-COO或NO2-C6H4-O)来实现。有关方法在文献中有说明。
必要时可使反应在碱存在下进行。可考虑加入的碱例如有:碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐如碳酸钠或碳酸钾或碳酸氢钠或碳酸氢钾;或者叔胺如三乙基胺、三丁基胺、乙基二异丙基胺;或杂环胺如N-烷基吗啉、吡啶、喹啉;或二烷基苯胺。
制备式Ⅰ所示的化合物的另一种方法是:将相应的吡啶-2,4-和-2,5-二羧酸(Ⅳ)的羟烷基二酰胺进行硝化。硝化时使相应的羟烷基二酰胺在-20℃至+10℃最好在-10℃至-5℃与浓硝酸混合。反应时间为10-240分钟,最好为20-90分钟。必要时接着将反应产物中和。
在这种情况下产品的分离可通过萃取或色层分离法例如通过硅胶色层分离法来实现。可将分离出的产品进行重结晶,如果需要可使其和合适的酸反应生成生理上可接受的盐,合适的酸例如:无机酸,如氢氯酸和氢溴酸以及硫酸、磷酸、硝酸和高氯酸,或者有机酸如蚁酸、醋酸、丙酸、丁二酸、羟基醋酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、马来酸、富马酸、苯乙酸、苯甲酸、甲磺酸、甲苯磺酸、草酸、4-氨基苯甲酸、萘-1,5-二磺酸或抗坏血酸。
式(Ⅲ)所示的原料化合物如果买不到,则可按文献中已知的方法合成。
为了得到式(Ⅱ)所示的原料化合物,例如可以通过使吡啶-2,4-或-2,5-二羧酸转化或相应的吡啶-2,4-或2,5-二羧酸卤化物最好为氯化物(根据文献中已知的方法),转化最好在催化剂如二甲基甲酰胺的存在下进行。然后使此酰(基)卤或者与一种合适的醇例如对硝基苯甲醇反应成相应的活性酯,或者与低级醇如甲醇或乙醇反应成相应的酯。同样也可首先使吡啶-2,4-或2,5-二羧酸与一种合适的羧酸或羧酸酯如氯蚁酸乙酯反应转化成混合酸酐,然后使此酸酐与胺(Ⅲ)反应成本发明的产品。相应的方法同样在文献中有说明。
式Ⅳ所示的原料化合物,例如可按文献中已知的方法,通过相应的N,N′-双(烷氧基烷基)吡啶-2,4-或者-2,5-二羧酸二酰胺最好点双(甲氧基烷基)二酰胺反应,例如与三溴化硼反应而得到。双-(烷氧基烷基)二酰胺的制备方法是已知的,
例如在DE-A3703959中就有说明。在此处是使一个有反应能力的吡啶二羧酸酰卤如吡啶-二羧酸酰氯和一种烷氧基烷基胺进行反应。
式Ⅰ所示的本发明化合物具有很有价值的药理性能,并且显示出了作为脯氨酸羟基酶和赖氨酸羟基酶的阻化剂和作为纤维抑制剂及免疫抑制剂的特别有效性。
根据这种药理性能,本发明化合物适用于治疗胶原和似胶原物质的新陈代谢障碍以及治疗Clq的生物合成障碍。
因此本发明还涉及式Ⅰ所示的本发明化合物及其在生理上可接受的盐在治疗上述新陈代谢障碍方面的应用。
这些化合物可以单独或者与生理上可接受的助剂或载体物质混合作为药物使用。在这方面,这些药物的使用量为:口服剂量是0.01-25.0毫克/公斤/天,最好是0.01-5.0毫克/公斤/天;或者不经肠胃的剂量是0.001-5毫克/公斤/天,较好是0.001-2.5毫克/公斤/天,最好是0.005-1.0毫克/公斤/天。对重病人可提高剂量。然而在许多情况下小剂量便可。上述数据适用于体重约为75公斤的成年人。
本发明还包括将本发明化合物用于制备治疗或预防上述新陈代谢障碍的药物。
本发明的另一个对象是含有式Ⅰ所示的一种或几种本发明的化合物和/或其在生理上可接受的盐的药剂。
专业人员用自己熟悉的方法制备这种药剂。可将本发明的药理学上有效的化合物(=有效物质)或者本身,或者最好与合适的制药助剂或载体物质混合加工成药片、糖衣药丸、胶囊、栓剂、乳液、悬浮液或者溶液作为药剂使用,药剂中有效物质含量约达95%,合适的含量在10%和75%之间。
适合于所要求的药物配方的助剂和载体物质例如除了溶剂、凝胶生成剂、栓剂基础、药片助剂和其它有效物质载体以外还有抗氧剂、分散剂、乳化剂、去泡剂、矫味剂、防腐剂、有机溶剂和着色剂。
这些有效物质可以口服,可在肠胃以外使用或在直肠中使用。
使这些有效物质与合适的添加剂如载体物质、稳定剂、或惰性稀释剂相混合,并采用一般方法制成合适的提供形式,如药片、糖衣药丸、棒状胶囊、水的悬浮液、醇的悬浮液和油的悬浮液,或水的溶液或油的溶液。
可用作惰性载体物质的例如有:阿拉伯树胶、氧化镁、碳酸镁、磷酸钾、乳糖、葡萄糖、或淀粉,特别是玉米淀粉。在此既可配成干颗粒也可配成湿颗粒。作为油状载体物质或溶剂。例如可考虑采用植物油或动物油,如葵花子油或鱼肝油。
为了皮下或静脉内使用,可按希望用合适的物质如有机溶剂、乳化剂或别的助剂将这些有效物质制成溶液、悬浮液或乳液。可以作为溶剂的例如有:生理食盐水或醇,例如乙醇、丙醇、甘油,此外还有糖溶液如葡萄糖溶液或甘露醇溶液、或者还有由上面提到的不同溶剂制成的混合物。
下面用一些实施例对本发明进行更详细的说明。
预备步骤1:
吡啶-2,4-二羧酸-双-N,N′-(甲氧基乙基)酰胺:
将3克吡啶-2,4-二羧酸加到50毫升苯和1毫升二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中,并将2.7毫升亚硫酰氯滴加到此溶液中。一直加热至无气体放出为止(约2.5小时)。进行冷却,蒸出5毫升甲苯,并将4.6毫升2-甲氧基乙基胺和5毫升三乙基胺滴加到此溶液中。将溶液于室温下搅拌4小时后进行蒸浓。剩余物用水溶液并用二氯甲烷萃取4次。将合并的有机相用硫酸镁干燥,并进行蒸浓。此粗制品用硅胶进行色层分离(溶剂是醋酸乙酯)。
溶点:42-44℃
1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ=1.2(3H,tr);33-3.8
(12H,qu和m);7,9
(1H,m);8,4-8,5
(1H,m);8,7-8,8
(1H,m);
预备步骤2:
吡啶-2,4-二羧酸-双-N,N′-(2-羟乙基)酰胺
将0.5克吡啶-2,4-二羧酸-双-N,N′-(2-甲氧基乙基)酰胺(由预备步骤1得到)溶在10毫升二氯甲烷中,并于-78℃滴加三溴化硼(11毫升,其二氯甲烷的溶液浓度是1个摩尔)。加完后升到室温,并再搅拌3小时,倒到100毫升的饱和碳酸氢钠溶液中,并用醋酸乙酯萃取3次。将合并的有机相用硫酸镁干燥,并进行蒸浓。粗制品用硅胶进行色层分离。
1H-NMR(CDCl3):δ=1,5-2,2(4H,m);
3,4(4H,m);3,6
(4H,m);7,9-8,0
(1H,m);8,4-8,5
(1H,m);8,7-8,8
(1H,m)
实施例1:
吡啶-2,4-二羧酸-N,N′-二〔2-(硝酰基)-乙基〕酰胺
将1克吡啶-2,4-二羧酸-二(2-羟乙基)-酰胺(预备步骤2)于-10℃至-5℃加到5毫升浓硝酸中。加热到2℃再搅拌40分钟。倒入冰水中并用碳酸钠中和。用二氯甲烷萃取此溶液3次,有机相用硫酸镁干燥并进行蒸浓。残留物从乙醚中结晶析出。
产量:750毫克
熔点:85-88℃
Claims (10)
2、按权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:R代表乙撑或丙撑。
4、按权利要求3所述的方法其特征在于:
R代表甲撑、或正-丙撑。
5、含有权利要求1至4所述的式Ⅰ所示的一种化合物和可接受的药物载体的药剂。
6、按权利要求5所述的药剂用于抑制脯氨酸羟基酶和赖氨酸羟基酶。
7、按权利要求5或6所述的药剂用作纤维抑制药和免疫抑制药。
8、按权利要求1至4中的一项或多项所述的式Ⅰ所示的化合物或其盐用于影响胶原和似胶原物质的新陈代谢和影响Clq的生物合成。
9、按权利要求1至4中的一项或多项所述式Ⅰ所示的化合物或其盐用于治疗胶原和似胶原物质的新陈代谢障碍或治疗Clq的生物合成障碍。
10、影响胶原和似胶原物质的新陈代谢或影响Clq生物合成的药剂的制备方法,其特征在于:在药剂中加按权利1至4的一项或多项所述的式Ⅰ所示的一种化合物或其盐。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP4001002.3 | 1990-01-16 | ||
DE4001002A DE4001002A1 (de) | 1990-01-16 | 1990-01-16 | Pyridin-2,4-und 2,5-dicarbonsaeuredi-(nitroxyalkyl)amide, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung sowie deren verwendung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1053606A true CN1053606A (zh) | 1991-08-07 |
Family
ID=6398117
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN91100222A Pending CN1053606A (zh) | 1990-01-16 | 1991-01-15 | 吡啶-2,4-和2,5-二羟酸二-(硝酰基烷基)酰胺,其制备方法和应用 |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP0438795A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH04330060A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR910014352A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1053606A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU631285B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9100159A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2034206A1 (zh) |
CS (1) | CS7591A2 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE4001002A1 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI910177A (zh) |
HU (1) | HUT59102A (zh) |
IE (1) | IE910126A1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL96941A0 (zh) |
MA (1) | MA22041A1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX24143A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO910163L (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ236766A (zh) |
PT (1) | PT96493A (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA91291B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE4020570A1 (de) | 1990-06-28 | 1992-01-02 | Hoechst Ag | 2,4- und 2,5-substituierte pyridin-n-oxide, verfahren zu deren herstellung sowie deren verwendung |
YU9492A (sh) * | 1991-02-05 | 1995-03-27 | Hoechst Ag. | 2,4- i 2,5-bis-tetrazolilni piridini i postupak za njihovo dobijanje |
EP0533130A1 (de) * | 1991-09-19 | 1993-03-24 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | 2-Hydroxymethylpyridine, die entsprechenden Pyridin-N-oxide und ihre Derivate, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung |
EP0541042A1 (de) * | 1991-11-05 | 1993-05-12 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Pyridin-2,4- und 2,5-dicarbonsäureamide und deren Derivate, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung als Arzneimittel |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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AU509591B2 (en) * | 1976-04-02 | 1980-05-15 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Pyridine derivatives |
DE3432094A1 (de) * | 1984-08-31 | 1986-03-06 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Ester der pyridin-2,4- und -2,5- dicarbonsaeure als arzneimittel zur inhibierung der prolin- und lysinhydroxylase |
DE3703959A1 (de) * | 1987-02-10 | 1988-08-18 | Hoechst Ag | Pyridin-2,4- und 2,5-dicarbonsaeureamide, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung, verwendung derselben sowie arzneimittel auf basis dieser verbindungen |
-
1990
- 1990-01-15 ZA ZA91291A patent/ZA91291B/xx unknown
- 1990-01-16 DE DE4001002A patent/DE4001002A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-12-28 EP EP90125638A patent/EP0438795A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-01-14 NZ NZ236766A patent/NZ236766A/en unknown
- 1991-01-14 JP JP3069547A patent/JPH04330060A/ja active Pending
- 1991-01-14 KR KR1019910000412A patent/KR910014352A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-01-14 IL IL96941A patent/IL96941A0/xx unknown
- 1991-01-14 FI FI910177A patent/FI910177A/fi unknown
- 1991-01-15 MX MX2414391A patent/MX24143A/es unknown
- 1991-01-15 CS CS9175A patent/CS7591A2/cs unknown
- 1991-01-15 CA CA002034206A patent/CA2034206A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-01-15 HU HU91109A patent/HUT59102A/hu unknown
- 1991-01-15 NO NO91910163A patent/NO910163L/no unknown
- 1991-01-15 BR BR919100159A patent/BR9100159A/pt unknown
- 1991-01-15 CN CN91100222A patent/CN1053606A/zh active Pending
- 1991-01-15 AU AU69366/91A patent/AU631285B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-01-15 IE IE012691A patent/IE910126A1/en unknown
- 1991-01-16 PT PT96493A patent/PT96493A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-01-16 MA MA22314A patent/MA22041A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IE910126A1 (en) | 1991-07-17 |
HU910109D0 (en) | 1991-08-28 |
FI910177A0 (fi) | 1991-01-14 |
PT96493A (pt) | 1991-10-15 |
JPH04330060A (ja) | 1992-11-18 |
NO910163L (no) | 1991-07-17 |
AU6936691A (en) | 1991-07-18 |
IL96941A0 (en) | 1992-03-29 |
KR910014352A (ko) | 1991-08-31 |
CA2034206A1 (en) | 1991-07-17 |
AU631285B2 (en) | 1992-11-19 |
BR9100159A (pt) | 1991-10-22 |
MA22041A1 (fr) | 1991-10-01 |
CS7591A2 (en) | 1991-09-15 |
ZA91291B (en) | 1991-09-25 |
NO910163D0 (no) | 1991-01-15 |
DE4001002A1 (de) | 1991-07-18 |
FI910177A (fi) | 1991-07-17 |
EP0438795A1 (de) | 1991-07-31 |
NZ236766A (en) | 1993-08-26 |
MX24143A (es) | 1993-05-01 |
HUT59102A (en) | 1992-04-28 |
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