CN105359933A - Ecotype irrigation system for efficient nutrient utilization of terrace - Google Patents
Ecotype irrigation system for efficient nutrient utilization of terrace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105359933A CN105359933A CN201510717244.6A CN201510717244A CN105359933A CN 105359933 A CN105359933 A CN 105359933A CN 201510717244 A CN201510717244 A CN 201510717244A CN 105359933 A CN105359933 A CN 105359933A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- terraced fields
- terrace
- main flow
- irrigation
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B13/00—Irrigation ditches, i.e. gravity flow, open channel water distribution systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
Abstract
The invention relates to an ecotype irrigation system for efficient nutrient utilization of a terrace. The system comprises a terrace, a feeding and water collecting system, a main flow pipe, a plurality of irrigation branch pipes and a plurality of horizontal channels, wherein the feeding and water collecting system is disposed on a terrace face of the top layer of the terrace; one end of the main flow pipe communicates with the feeding and water collecting system; the other end of the main flow pipe is laid downwards in succession from the top layer of the terrace to the bottom layer of the terrace; the plurality of irrigation branch pipes are embedded in each layer of terrace face of the terrace and communicate with a part of the main flow pipe located on the same layer of terrace face; the plurality of horizontal channels are respectively disposed in the different terrace faces of the terrace; at least one layer of the terrace face is spaced between the two adjacent horizontal channels; and the side end of the horizontal channel communicates with the part of the main flow pipe located on the same layer of terrace face by pipelines. The system provided by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple; construction is convenient; a utilization rate of lost water and fertilizers is high; and a mineral material is introduced to absorb and release lost nitrogen and phosphorus in order to realize irrigation and utilization. Hence, pollution of agricultural surface resources is relieved, chemical fertilizer input is reduced, and water and fertilizer cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of farmland irrigating device, the environmental irrigation system of particularly a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient utilization.
Background technology
Hillside fields nutrient loss is serious, and common countermeasure is for change sloping upland into terraced fields.To a certain extent, terraced fields effectively can reduce water and soil loss, but, in transformation process, to the process of loss nitrogen phosphorus, especially on secondary utilizes, effect not clearly, common loss nutrient processing mode is for arranging ecological canal or artificial swamp, water plants is utilized to adsorb the nitrogen phosphorus run off, finally by plant also in crop ped location to realize the utilization of nitrogen phosphorus, but said method exists treatment region to take up room greatly, the loss nitrogen phosphorus deficiency that availability is not high because flyway is long, on the other hand, terraced fields increase effect also and not obvious to the availability of liquid manure compared with hillside fields, new terracing even occurs the phenomenon of soil nutrient content lower than sloping upland nutrient levels, the harmony unbalance of water and fertilizer irrigation limits the utilization of terraced fields crop to liquid manure.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the environmental irrigation system that a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes, the terraced fields loss water and fertilizer utilization effectively solving prior art is lower, the harmony of water and fertilizer irrigation is unbalance, and irrigation cost is higher, the uneven defect of nutrient.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: the environmental irrigation system that a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes, comprise terraced fields, feed intake collecting system, main flow pipe, some irrigation arms and some horizontal irrigation canals and ditches, the above-mentioned collecting system that feeds intake is arranged on the top layer terraced fields face place of above-mentioned terraced fields, above-mentioned main flow pipe one end is communicated with the collecting system that feeds intake, the other end is laid downwards to the direction of bottom successively by the top layer of above-mentioned terraced fields, some above-mentioned irrigation arms are all embedded in every layer of terraced fields face of above-mentioned terraced fields, and be all communicated with the above-mentioned main flow pipe of part being positioned at same layer terraced fields face, some above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches are separately positioned in the different terraced fields face of above-mentioned terraced fields, and at least one deck terraced fields face, interval between adjacent two horizontal irrigation canals and ditches, above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches side is communicated with the above-mentioned main flow pipe of part being positioned at same layer terraced fields face by pipeline,
Above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches inner bottom part is equipped with gravel layer, fertilizer releasing layer, fine quartz layer of sand and thick quartz sand layer from top to bottom successively, percolating pipe is embedded with between above-mentioned fine quartz layer of sand and thick quartz sand layer, above-mentioned percolating pipe one end is passed above-mentioned horizontal trench sidewall and is stretched out outside above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches, and is communicated with above-mentioned main flow pipe.
Further, above-mentioned gravel layer upper surface is provided with multiple crop of becoming thoroughly decomposed and throws in groove.
Further, the above-mentioned collecting system that feeds intake comprises collecting basin and filling pocket, and above-mentioned filling pocket is by the above-mentioned collecting basin lower end of pipeline communication, and above-mentioned main flow pipe one end is communicated with above-mentioned filling pocket.
Further, be positioned at the part main flow pipe all upwards bending formation inverted U structure in every layer of terraced fields face of above-mentioned terraced fields, some above-mentioned irrigation arm one end are communicated with this inverted U structure respectively in the dogleg section straight up in last layer terraced fields face.
Further, the outer wall of the first half of above-mentioned percolating pipe has some equally distributed diafiltration holes running through percolating pipe tube wall.
Further, above-mentioned fertilizer releasing layer is mixed by zeolite granular and kaolin.
Further, expanded vermiculite layer is all filled with in above-mentioned part main flow pipe between adjacent two-layer terraced fields face.
Further, above-mentioned expanded vermiculite layer is mixed by expanded vermiculite particle and kaolin.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: structure is simple, easy construction, and loss water and fertilizer utilization is higher, introduce mineral material absorption loss nitrogen phosphorus and discharge to realize irrigation, thus alleviating widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area, reducing chemical fertilizer and drop into, reduce liquid manure cost, realize Ecosystem Irrigation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the environmental irrigation system that terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present invention utilizes;
Fig. 2 is the horizontal irrigation canals and ditches of environmental irrigation system and the fit structure schematic diagram of main flow pipe of terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present invention utilization;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the percolating pipe of the environmental irrigation system that terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present invention utilizes;
Fig. 4 is the schematic cross-section of the horizontal irrigation canals and ditches of the environmental irrigation system that terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present invention utilizes.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows:
1, terraced fields, 2, feed intake collecting system, 3, main flow pipe, 4, arm is irrigated, 5, horizontal irrigation canals and ditches, 6, gravel layer, 7, fertilizer releasing layer, 8, fine quartz layer of sand, 9, thick quartz sand layer, 10, percolating pipe, 11, corrode crop and throw in groove, 12, expanded vermiculite layer, 21, collecting basin, 22, filling pocket, 101, diafiltration hole.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
Embodiment: as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the environmental irrigation system that the terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present embodiment utilizes comprises terraced fields 1, feed intake collecting system 2, main flow pipe 3, some irrigation arms 4 and some horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5, the above-mentioned collecting system 2 that feeds intake is arranged on the top layer terraced fields face place of above-mentioned terraced fields 1, above-mentioned main flow pipe 3 one end is communicated with the collecting system 2 that feeds intake, the other end is laid downwards to the direction of bottom successively by the top layer of above-mentioned terraced fields 1, some above-mentioned irrigation arms 4 are all embedded in every layer of terraced fields face of above-mentioned terraced fields 1, and be all communicated with the above-mentioned main flow pipe 3 of the part being positioned at same layer terraced fields face, some above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5 are separately positioned in the different terraced fields face of above-mentioned terraced fields 1, and at least one deck terraced fields face, interval between adjacent two horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5, above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5 side is communicated with the above-mentioned main flow pipe 3 of the part being positioned at same layer terraced fields face by pipeline,
Above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5 inner bottom part is equipped with gravel layer 6, fertilizer releasing layer 7, fine quartz layer of sand 8 and thick quartz sand layer 9 from top to bottom successively, percolating pipe 10 is embedded with between above-mentioned fine quartz layer of sand 8 and thick quartz sand layer 9, above-mentioned percolating pipe 10 one end is passed above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5 sidewall and is stretched out outside above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5, and is communicated with above-mentioned main flow pipe 3.
Above-mentioned gravel layer 6 upper surface is provided with multiple crop of becoming thoroughly decomposed and throws in groove 11.
The above-mentioned collecting system 2 that feeds intake comprises collecting basin 21 and filling pocket 22, and above-mentioned filling pocket 22 is by pipeline communication above-mentioned collecting basin 21 lower end, and above-mentioned main flow pipe 3 one end is communicated with above-mentioned filling pocket 22.
Be positioned at the part main flow pipe 3 all upwards bending formation inverted U structure in every layer of terraced fields face of above-mentioned terraced fields 1, some above-mentioned irrigation arm 4 one end are communicated with this inverted U structure respectively in the dogleg section straight up in last layer terraced fields face.
The outer wall of the first half of above-mentioned percolating pipe 10 has some equally distributed diafiltration holes 101 running through percolating pipe 10 tube wall.
Above-mentioned fertilizer releasing layer 7 is mixed by zeolite granular and kaolin.
Expanded vermiculite layer 12 is all filled with in above-mentioned part main flow pipe 3 between adjacent two-layer terraced fields face.
Above-mentioned expanded vermiculite layer 12 is mixed by expanded vermiculite particle and kaolin.
Its operation principle of environmental irrigation system that the terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present embodiment utilizes is:
Between flush period, rainfall moisture collected by collecting basin 21, the runoff of the multiple terraced fields in top collected by horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5, the pipeline that runoff water body imports main pipeline 3 and irrigation canals and ditches sidepiece by the infitration process bottom horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5 flows in main pipeline 3, after flow to next terraced fields face through main pipeline 3, in infitration process, part nutrient is by the zeolite adsorption of fertilizer releasing layer 7, when going out to flow to main pipeline 3, nutrient part is adsorbed by the expanded vermiculite layer 12 in main flow pipe 3, in each subsystem, liquid manure is through mineral multiple adsorb and pipeline water conservancy diversion, reduce erosion and the cumulant of nutrient on top layer of runoff effects on surface, and store the nutrient source that nitrogen phosphorus irrigates as long-term sustained release,
The supplementary fertilizer phase is concentrated in short-term, collecting basin 21 part water body flow to filling pocket 22 through its bottom delivery port, main pipeline 2, in the throwing of filling pocket 22, fertile place adds the solubility chemical fertilizer meeting crop demand in right amount, after fully dissolving and mix, be discharged into dilution place in filling pocket 22, and regulate collecting basin 21 flowing water Valve, dilution nutrient density, be input to and irrigate in main pipeline 3, dilution liquid manure flows through expanded vermiculite layer 12, regulate the concentration of water body nitrogen phosphorus, excessive nutrient is adsorbed in high concentration N phosphorus water, the supplementing water body nutrient content when low concentration, after flow to irrigate arm 4 carry out drip irrigation, when the water level of the main flow pipe 3 of this part exceedes the water level of irrigating arm 4, water flows into from the main flow pipe 3 of this part inverted U the main pipeline 3 connecting next terraced fields face, after the irrigation in multiple terraced fields face, liquid manure flows into horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5 place, and build up at horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5 place and flow to next terraced fields face, horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5 place's accumulation liquid manure flows through cobble rock layers 11 at the bottom of canal, fertilizer releasing layer 7, be trapped in the interface place of fine quartz layer of sand 12 and thick quartz sand layer 13, and enter in percolating pipe 10 by the diafiltration hole 101 of the percolating pipe 10 of surface parcel geotextiles, after flow to main pipeline 3, wherein, fertilizer releasing layer 7 absorbed portion irrigates nutrient, fine quartz layer of sand 8 can tackle part water body nutrient,
At long-term sustained release irrigation period, gravel layer 11 bottom horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5 throws in the crop of having become thoroughly decomposed, collecting basin 21 water body flows through the expanded vermiculite layer 12 in main pipeline 3 to main flow pipe 3, continuous flushing expanded vermiculite---kaolin composite material, promote that the nitrogen Phosphurus release of materials adsorption is in water body, as the nutrient source that slowly-releasing is irrigated, in the irrigation arm 4 in rear inflow lower floor's terraced fields face, when liquid manure migrates to horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5, it accumulates in horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5, flow through the crop disposal site that becomes thoroughly decomposed, zeolite+kaolin layer,---crop of becoming thoroughly decomposed---zeolite---interaction between kaolin of passing through water body, promote the release of particulate form P, to a certain degree slow down the release of ADSORPTION STATE NH3-N, realize making full use of concentrated supplementary fertilizer phase excess nitrogen phosphorus and earth's surface loss nitrogen phosphorus, thus reach supplementary at the slowly-releasing of non-concentrated supplementary fertilizer phase liquid manure, liquid manure collects at the interface of fine quartz layer of sand 8 and thick quartz sand layer 9, main pipeline 3 is flowed to by the percolating pipe 10 at interface, irrigate terraced fields face below.
Mineral, in adsorption-desorption process repeatedly, when mineral absorption is saturated, periodically carry out clear water flushing with tank water body front; When mineral absorption property lost efficacy, if degree is comparatively light, adopted the method process of alternation of wetting and drying, and when degree is heavier, using zeolite layer and expanded vermiculite layer mineral as mineral fertilizer with base manure process.
In whole irrigation process, no matter be that short-term concentrates supplementary fertilizer phase or long-term sustained release irrigation period, the liquid manure of bottom is transported on the terraced fields on top by water pump, realizes the circulation of liquid manure on irrigating.
The environmental irrigation system structure that terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present invention utilizes is simple, easy construction, loss water and fertilizer utilization is higher, introduce mineral material absorption loss nitrogen phosphorus and discharge to realize irrigation, thus alleviate widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area, reduce chemical fertilizer to drop into, reduce liquid manure cost, realize Ecosystem Irrigation.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the environmental irrigation system of a terraced fields nutrition efficient utilization, it is characterized in that: comprise terraced fields (1), the collecting system that feeds intake (2), main flow pipe (3), some irrigation arms (4) and some horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5), the described collecting system that feeds intake (2) is arranged on the top layer terraced fields face place of described terraced fields (1), described main flow pipe (3) one end is communicated with the collecting system (2) that feeds intake, the other end is laid downwards to the direction of bottom successively by the top layer of described terraced fields (1), some described irrigation arms (4) are all embedded in every layer of terraced fields face of described terraced fields (1), and be all communicated with the described main flow pipe of part (3) being positioned at same layer terraced fields face, some described horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5) are separately positioned in the different terraced fields face of described terraced fields (1), and at least one deck terraced fields face, interval between adjacent two horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5), described horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5) side is communicated with the described main flow pipe of part (3) being positioned at same layer terraced fields face by pipeline,
Described horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5) inner bottom part is equipped with gravel layer (6), fertilizer releasing layer (7), fine quartz layer of sand (8) and thick quartz sand layer (9) from top to bottom successively, percolating pipe (10) is embedded with between described fine quartz layer of sand (8) and thick quartz sand layer (9), described percolating pipe (10) one end is passed described horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5) sidewall and is stretched out described horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5) outward, and is communicated with described main flow pipe (3).
2. the environmental irrigation system of a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient utilization according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described gravel layer (6) upper surface is provided with multiple crop of becoming thoroughly decomposed and throws in groove (11).
3. the environmental irrigation system of a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient utilization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in the collecting system (2) that feeds intake comprise collecting basin (21) and filling pocket (22), described filling pocket (22) is by collecting basin described in pipeline communication (21) lower end, and described main flow pipe (3) one end is communicated with described filling pocket (22).
4. the environmental irrigation system of a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient utilization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: part main flow pipe (3) all upwards bending formation inverted U structure being positioned at every layer of terraced fields face of described terraced fields (1), some described irrigation arm (4) one end are communicated with this inverted U structure respectively in the dogleg section straight up in last layer terraced fields face.
5. the environmental irrigation system of a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient utilization according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the outer wall of the first half of described percolating pipe (10) has some equally distributed diafiltration holes (101) running through percolating pipe (10) tube wall.
6. the environmental irrigation system of a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient utilization according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described fertilizer releasing layer (7) is mixed by zeolite granular and kaolin.
7. the environmental irrigation system that a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient according to any one of claim 1 to 6 utilizes, is characterized in that: be all filled with expanded vermiculite layer (12) in described part main flow pipe (3) between adjacent two-layer terraced fields face.
8. the environmental irrigation system of a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient utilization according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described expanded vermiculite layer (12) is mixed by expanded vermiculite particle and kaolin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510717244.6A CN105359933B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | A kind of environmental irrigation system that terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510717244.6A CN105359933B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | A kind of environmental irrigation system that terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes |
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| CN105359933A true CN105359933A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| CN105359933B CN105359933B (en) | 2018-11-02 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106386301A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 合山市丰鑫农机专业合作社 | Paddy rice planting method with easy irrigation |
| CN107593229A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-19 | 贵州省凤冈县朝阳茶业有限公司 | Ecological balance guard method |
| CN110036878A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-23 | 陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of loess tableland area gully-slope land water collecting irrigation system and its construction method |
| CN110622827A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-31 | 安徽太湖画里天华实业有限公司 | Watering technology for tea planting |
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| CN110622827A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-31 | 安徽太湖画里天华实业有限公司 | Watering technology for tea planting |
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| CN105359933B (en) | 2018-11-02 |
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Granted publication date: 20181102 Termination date: 20201028 |