CN105359933B - A kind of environmental irrigation system that terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes - Google Patents
A kind of environmental irrigation system that terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359933B CN105359933B CN201510717244.6A CN201510717244A CN105359933B CN 105359933 B CN105359933 B CN 105359933B CN 201510717244 A CN201510717244 A CN 201510717244A CN 105359933 B CN105359933 B CN 105359933B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of environmental irrigation systems that terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes, including terraced fields, feed intake collecting system, main flow pipe, several irrigation branch pipes and several horizontal irrigation canals and ditches, the collecting system that feeds intake is arranged at the top layer terraced fields face of terraced fields, main flow pipe one end is connected to the collecting system that feeds intake, the other end is laid with downwards by the top layer of terraced fields to the direction of bottom successively, several irrigation branch pipes are embedded in every layer of terraced fields face of terraced fields, and it is connected to the part main flow pipe positioned at same layer terraced fields face, several horizontal irrigation canals and ditches are separately positioned in the different terraced fields face of terraced fields, and at least one layer of terraced fields face is spaced between two adjacent horizontal irrigation canals and ditches, horizontal irrigation canals and ditches side is connected to by pipeline with the part main flow pipe positioned at same layer terraced fields face.Advantage：Simple in structure, easy for construction, loss water and fertilizer utilization rate is higher, introduces mineral material absorption loss nitrogen phosphorus and simultaneously discharges to realize that irrigation, mitigation agricultural non-point source pollution reduce chemical fertilizer input, reduction liquid manure cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of farmland irrigating device, more particularly to environmental irrigate that a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes is
System.
Background technology
Hillside fields nutrient loss is serious, and common countermeasure is that sloping upland is changed to terraced fields.To a certain extent, terraced fields can be effective
Soil erosion is reduced, however, in transformation process, to being lost in the processing of nitrogen phosphorus, especially in secondary use, effect is not very
Obviously, common loss nutrient processing mode is setting ecological canal or artificial swamp, the nitrogen being lost in using water plant absorption
Phosphorus, finally by plant also in crop ped location to realize the utilization of nitrogen phosphorus, but that there are treatment region occupied spaces is big, is lost in nitrogen for the above method
Phosphorus not high deficiency of utilization rate due to flyway length, on the other hand, terraced fields increase effect to the utilization rate of liquid manure compared with hillside fields
It is not obvious, is even occurring the phenomenon that soil nutrient content is less than sloping upland nutrient levels on new terracing, water and fertilizer irrigation
Harmony unbalance limits utilization of the terraced fields crop to liquid manure.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of environmental irrigation systems that terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes, and have
The terraced fields loss water and fertilizer utilization rate for solving the prior art of effect is relatively low, and the harmony of water and fertilizer irrigation is unbalance, and irrigation cost is higher,
The uneven defect of nutrient.
The technical solution that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：A kind of environmental irrigation that terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes
System, including terraced fields, the collecting system that feeds intake, main flow pipe, several irrigation branch pipes and several horizontal irrigation canals and ditches, the above-mentioned collecting system that feeds intake
It is arranged at the top layer terraced fields face of above-mentioned terraced fields, above-mentioned main flow pipe one end is connected to the collecting system that feeds intake, and the other end is by above-mentioned terraced fields
Top layer be laid with downwards successively to the direction of bottom, several above-mentioned irrigation branch pipes are embedded in every layer of terraced fields face of above-mentioned terraced fields
It is interior, and be connected to the above-mentioned main flow pipe in part positioned at same layer terraced fields face, several above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches are separately positioned on above-mentioned
At least one layer of terraced fields face, above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches side are spaced in the different terraced fields face of terraced fields, and between two adjacent horizontal irrigation canals and ditches
End is connected to by pipeline with the above-mentioned main flow pipe in part positioned at same layer terraced fields face；
Bottom is equipped with gravel layer, fertilizer releasing layer, fine quartz layer of sand and thick successively from top to bottom in above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches
Quartz sand layer, is embedded with percolating pipe between above-mentioned fine quartz layer of sand and thick quartz sand layer, above-mentioned percolating pipe one end passes through above-mentioned water
Flat trench sidewall simultaneously stretches out outside above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches, and is connected to above-mentioned main flow pipe.
Further, above-mentioned gravel layer upper surface is provided with multiple decomposed crops and launches slot.
Further, the above-mentioned collecting system that feeds intake includes collecting-tank and filling pocket, and above-mentioned filling pocket is connected to above-mentioned by pipeline
Collecting-tank lower end, above-mentioned main flow pipe one end are connected to above-mentioned filling pocket.
Further, the upward bending of part main flow pipe for being located at every layer of terraced fields face of above-mentioned terraced fields forms inverted U-shaped structure, if
Dry above-mentioned irrigation branch pipe one end is respectively communicated with the inverted U-shaped structure in the dogleg section straight up in last layer terraced fields face.
Further, it is provided on the outer wall of the top half of above-mentioned percolating pipe several equally distributed through diafiltration tube wall
It is percolated hole.
Further, above-mentioned fertilizer releasing layer is mixed by zeolite granular and kaolin.
Further, expanded vermiculite layer is filled in the above-mentioned part main flow pipe between two layers adjacent of terraced fields face.
Further, above-mentioned expanded vermiculite layer is mixed by expanded vermiculite particle and kaolin.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Simple in structure, easy for construction, loss water and fertilizer utilization rate is higher, introduces mineral material
Absorption is lost in nitrogen phosphorus and simultaneously discharges to realize irrigation, to mitigate agricultural non-point source pollution, reduces chemical fertilizer input, reduce liquid manure at
This, realizes Ecosystem Irrigation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the environmental irrigation system that the terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present invention utilizes；
Fig. 2 is the cooperation of the horizontal irrigation canals and ditches and main flow pipe for the environmental irrigation system that the terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present invention utilizes
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the percolating pipe for the environmental irrigation system that the terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present invention utilizes；
Fig. 4 is the schematic cross-section of the horizontal irrigation canals and ditches for the environmental irrigation system that the terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present invention utilizes.
In attached drawing, parts list represented by the reference numerals are as follows：
1, terraced fields, 2, feed intake collecting system, 3, main flow pipe, 4, irrigate branch pipe, 5, horizontal irrigation canals and ditches, 6, gravel layer, 7, fertilizer
Releasing layer, 8, fine quartz layer of sand, 9, thick quartz sand layer, 10, percolating pipe, 11, corrosion crop launch slot, 12, expanded vermiculite layer,
21, collecting-tank, 22, filling pocket, 101, diafiltration hole.
Specific implementation mode
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment：As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the environmental irrigation system that the terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present embodiment utilizes includes ladder
Field 1, the collecting system that feeds intake 2, main flow pipe 3, several irrigation branch pipes 4 and several horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5, the above-mentioned setting of collecting system 2 that feeds intake
At the top layer terraced fields face of above-mentioned terraced fields 1,3 one end of above-mentioned main flow pipe is connected to the collecting system 2 that feeds intake, and the other end is by above-mentioned terraced fields 1
Top layer be laid with downwards successively to the direction of bottom, several above-mentioned irrigation branch pipes 4 are embedded in every layer of terraced fields face of above-mentioned terraced fields 1
It is interior, and be connected to the above-mentioned main flow pipe in the part positioned at same layer terraced fields face 3, several above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5 are separately positioned on
It states in the different terraced fields face of terraced fields 1, and is spaced at least one layer of terraced fields face, above-mentioned horizontal ditch between two adjacent horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5
5 side of canal is connected to by pipeline with the above-mentioned main flow pipe in part 3 positioned at same layer terraced fields face；
Bottom is equipped with gravel layer 6, fertilizer releasing layer 7, fine quartz layer of sand 8 successively from top to bottom in above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5
With thick quartz sand layer 9, percolating pipe 10,10 one end of above-mentioned percolating pipe are embedded between above-mentioned fine quartz layer of sand 8 and thick quartz sand layer 9
It across above-mentioned 5 side wall of horizontal irrigation canals and ditches and stretches out outside above-mentioned horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5, and is connected to above-mentioned main flow pipe 3.
6 upper surface of above-mentioned gravel layer is provided with multiple decomposed crops and launches slot 11.
The above-mentioned collecting system 2 that feeds intake includes collecting-tank 21 and filling pocket 22, and above-mentioned filling pocket 22 is connected to above-mentioned by pipeline
21 lower end of collecting-tank, 3 one end of above-mentioned main flow pipe are connected to above-mentioned filling pocket 22.
The upward bending of part main flow pipe 3 positioned at every layer of terraced fields face of above-mentioned terraced fields 1 forms inverted U-shaped structure, Ruo Ganshang
It states 4 one end of irrigation branch pipe and is respectively communicated with the inverted U-shaped structure in the dogleg section straight up in last layer terraced fields face.
Several equally distributed oozing through 10 tube wall of percolating pipe are provided on the outer wall of the top half of above-mentioned percolating pipe 10
Filter opening 101.
Above-mentioned fertilizer releasing layer 7 is mixed by zeolite granular and kaolin.
Expanded vermiculite layer 12 is filled in the above-mentioned part main flow pipe 3 between two layers adjacent of terraced fields face.
Above-mentioned expanded vermiculite layer 12 is mixed by expanded vermiculite particle and kaolin.
Environmental irrigation system that the terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present embodiment utilizes its working principle is that：
During rainfall, collecting-tank 21 collects rainfall moisture, and horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5 collect the runoff of the multiple terraced fields in top, runoff
The pipeline that water body imports main pipeline 3 and irrigation canals and ditches side by the infitration process of 5 bottom of horizontal irrigation canals and ditches flows into main pipeline 3, it
Next terraced fields face is flowed to by main pipeline 3, part nutrient is adsorbed by the zeolite of fertilizer releasing layer 7 in infitration process, goes out to flow to master
Nutrient part is adsorbed by the expanded vermiculite layer 12 in main flow pipe 3 when pipeline 3, and in each subsystem, liquid manure is repeatedly inhaled by mineral
Attached and pipeline water conservancy diversion reduces cumulant of the runoff to the erosion on surface and nutrient on surface layer, and stores nitrogen phosphorus as long-term sustained release
The nutrient source of irrigation；
Concentrating supplementary fertilizer phase, 21 part water body of collecting-tank in short term filling pocket is flow to through its bottom water outlet, main pipeline 2
22, the appropriate soluble chemical fertilizer for meeting crop demand is added at the throwing fertilizer of filling pocket 22, waits for fully dissolving and after mixing,
It is discharged at the dilution in filling pocket 22, and adjusts 21 flowing water Valve of collecting-tank, dilute nutrient density, be input to irrigation main pipeline
In 3；Dilution liquid manure flows through expanded vermiculite layer 12, adjusts the concentration of water body nitrogen phosphorus, is adsorbed in high concentration N phosphorus water excessive
Nutrient, in low concentration supplement water body nutrient content, after flow to irrigate branch pipe 4 carry out trickle irrigation, when the water of the main flow pipe 3 of the part
Position is more than when irrigating the water level of branch pipe 4, and water flows into the main pipeline 3 for connecting next terraced fields face from the main flow pipe 3 of the part inverted U,
After the irrigation in multiple terraced fields faces, liquid manure flows at horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5, and builds up and flow to next at horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5
Terraced fields face, accumulation liquid manure flows through canal bottom cobble rock layers 11, fertilizer releasing layer 7 at horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5, is trapped in 12 He of fine quartz layer of sand
At the interface of thick quartz sand layer 13, and percolating pipe 10 is entered by the diafiltration hole 101 of the percolating pipe 10 of surface package geotextiles
In, after flow to main pipeline 3, wherein 7 absorbed portion of fertilizer releasing layer irrigate nutrient, fine quartz layer of sand 8 being capable of catching portion water distribution component
Nutrient；
In long-term sustained release irrigation period, decomposed crop, collecting-tank 21 are launched on the gravel layer 11 of 5 bottom of horizontal irrigation canals and ditches
Water body flows through the expanded vermiculite layer 12 in main pipeline 3 to main flow pipe 3, constantly rinses expanded vermiculite --- kaolin mixing material,
The nitrogen phosphorus of material absorption is promoted to be discharged into water body, as the nutrient source that sustained release is irrigated, the rear irrigation for flowing into lower layer's terraced fields face
In branch pipe 4, when liquid manure migrates to horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5, the accumulation in the horizontal irrigation canals and ditches 5, flow through decomposed crop disposal site, zeolite+
Kaolinite soil layer, passing through water body, --- interaction of the decomposed crop --- zeolite --- between kaolin promotes releasing for particulate form P
It puts, slows down the release of ADSORPTION STATE NH3-N to a certain degree, realize to concentrating supplementary fertilizer phase excess nitrogen phosphorus and earth's surface to be lost in the abundant of nitrogen phosphorus
It utilizes, to reach the sustained release supplement in non-pooled supplementary fertilizer phase liquid manure, liquid manure is on the boundary of fine quartz layer of sand 8 and thick quartz sand layer 9
Face is collected, and flows to main pipeline 3 by the percolating pipe 10 at interface, irrigates following terraced fields face.
Mineral are during adsorption-desorption repeatedly, when mineral adsorption saturation, with tank water body front periodically into
Row clear water rinses；When mineral absorption property fails, if lesser extent, handled using the method for alternation of wetting and drying, and degree is heavier
When, zeolite layer and expanded vermiculite layer mineral are handled as mineral fertilizer with base manure.
During entire irrigate, supplementary fertilizer phase or long-term sustained release irrigation period are either concentrated in short term, the liquid manure of lower part can
It is transported on the terraced fields on top by water pump, realizes cycle of the liquid manure in irrigation.
The environmental irrigation system that the terraced fields nutrition efficient of the present invention utilizes is simple in structure, easy for construction, is lost in liquid manure profit
It is higher with rate, it introduces mineral material absorption and is lost in nitrogen phosphorus and discharges to realize irrigation, to mitigate agricultural non-point source pollution, subtract
Few chemical fertilizer input, reduces liquid manure cost, realizes Ecosystem Irrigation.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of environmental irrigation system that terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes, it is characterised in that：Including terraced fields (1), feed intake collection water system
System (2), main flow pipe (3), several irrigation branch pipes (4) and several horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5), the collecting system that feeds intake (2) are arranged in institute
It states at the top layer terraced fields face of terraced fields (1), described main flow pipe (3) one end is connected to the collecting system (2) that feeds intake, and the other end is by the terraced fields
(1) top layer is laid with downwards successively to the direction of bottom, and several irrigation branch pipes (4) are embedded in the every of the terraced fields (1)
In layer terraced fields face, and it is connected to the part main flow pipe (3) positioned at same layer terraced fields face, several horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5)
It is separately positioned in the different terraced fields face of the terraced fields (1), and is spaced at least one layer of ladder between two adjacent horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5)
Field face, horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5) side are connected to by pipeline with the part main flow pipe (3) positioned at same layer terraced fields face；
The interior bottom of the horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5) is equipped with gravel layer (6), fertilizer releasing layer (7), fine quartz layer of sand successively from top to bottom
(8) and thick quartz sand layer (9) percolating pipe (10), is embedded between the fine quartz layer of sand (8) and thick quartz sand layer (9), it is described
Percolating pipe (10) one end, which passes through, horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5) side wall and stretches out the horizontal irrigation canals and ditches (5) outside, and with the main flow pipe
(3) it is connected to；
The upward bending of part main flow pipe (3) positioned at every layer of terraced fields face of the terraced fields (1) forms inverted U-shaped structure, Ruo Gansuo
It states irrigation branch pipe (4) one end and is respectively communicated with the inverted U-shaped structure in the dogleg section straight up in last layer terraced fields face；
Expanded vermiculite layer (12) is filled in the part main flow pipe between two layers adjacent of terraced fields face.
2. the environmental irrigation system that a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient according to claim 1 utilizes, it is characterised in that：It is described
Gravel layer (6) upper surface is provided with multiple decomposed crops and launches slot (11).
3. the environmental irrigation system that a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient according to claim 1 utilizes, it is characterised in that：It is described
The collecting system that feeds intake (2) includes collecting-tank (21) and filling pocket (22), the filling pocket (22) by pipeline be connected to described in catchment
Pond (21) lower end, described main flow pipe (3) one end are connected to the filling pocket (22).
4. the environmental irrigation system that a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient according to claim 1 utilizes, it is characterised in that：It is described
It is provided on the outer wall of the top half of percolating pipe (10) several equally distributed through the diafiltration hole of percolating pipe (10) tube wall
(101)。
5. the environmental irrigation system that a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient according to claim 1 utilizes, it is characterised in that：It is described
Fertilizer releasing layer (7) is mixed by zeolite granular and kaolin.
6. the environmental irrigation system that a kind of terraced fields nutrition efficient according to any one of claims 1 to 5 utilizes, feature
It is：The expanded vermiculite layer (12) is mixed by expanded vermiculite particle and kaolin.
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| CN201510717244.6A CN105359933B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | A kind of environmental irrigation system that terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes |
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| CN201510717244.6A CN105359933B (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2015-10-28 | A kind of environmental irrigation system that terraced fields nutrition efficient utilizes |
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| CN105359933A CN105359933A (en) | 2016-03-02 |
| CN105359933B true CN105359933B (en) | 2018-11-02 |
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| CN106386301B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2019-05-14 | 合山市丰鑫农机专业合作社 | It is easy to the paddy rice planting method irrigated |
| CN107593229A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-19 | 贵州省凤冈县朝阳茶业有限公司 | Ecological balance guard method |
| CN110036878B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2021-07-20 | 陕西地建土地工程技术研究院有限责任公司 | Ditch and slope land water collection and irrigation system in loess plateau area and construction method thereof |
| CN110622827A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-31 | 安徽太湖画里天华实业有限公司 | Watering technology for tea planting |
| CN110965535A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-07 | 仁创生态环保科技股份有限公司 | Farmland irrigation and drainage system |
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| CN104929091A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-09-23 | 韩秋华 | Farmland water filtering control and soil amelioration desalination persistent blind drain |
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