CN104047262A - Composite curtain wall for efficiently intercepting pollutants in farmland surface source - Google Patents

Composite curtain wall for efficiently intercepting pollutants in farmland surface source Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104047262A
CN104047262A CN201410209967.0A CN201410209967A CN104047262A CN 104047262 A CN104047262 A CN 104047262A CN 201410209967 A CN201410209967 A CN 201410209967A CN 104047262 A CN104047262 A CN 104047262A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
curtain wall
plant
farmland
composite
area source
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Pending
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CN201410209967.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李圆圆
邵孝侯
金斌斌
夏林
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Hohai University HHU
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Hohai University HHU
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Priority to CN201410209967.0A priority Critical patent/CN104047262A/en
Publication of CN104047262A publication Critical patent/CN104047262A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

The invention provides a composite curtain wall for efficiently intercepting pollutants in a farmland surface source. The composite curtain wall is characterized in that a surface plant buffer zone, a plant protection slope, a water collection zone and an anti-pollution curtain wall are arranged in sequence along the direction from a farmland drain outlet to a field drain ditch; the water collection zone is lower than the surface plant buffer zone and the anti-pollution curtain wall in height; the anti-pollution curtain wall is formed by gravel, filled soil or the combination of the gravel and the filled soil, and the shape of the cross section of the anti-pollution curtain wall is trapezoid. According to the composite curtain wall provided by the invention, the pollutants discharged by the farmland can be intercepted and purified through plant absorption and physical absorption filter, the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the farmland surface source can be effectively prevented from entering water body such as a river, and the composite curtain wall has good ecological benefit and the popularization and application value.

Description

The composite curtain wall of a kind of efficient interception farmland area source pollutants
Technical field
The invention belongs to widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area control technology field, be specifically related to the composite curtain wall of a kind of efficient interception farmland area source pollutants.
Background technology
South China rice growing area is large, and nitrogen application level is high, adds that rainfall occurs mainly with heavy rain form during paddy rice Major Developmental, and the nitrogen and phosphorus loss causing is arranged in unreasonable filling had become one of main source of southern area widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area already.Develop southern rice workspace water circulation cleaning system; emphasis is designed and developed the ecologic biological barrier of interception and filtering type for farmland pollution of area source source characteristics; it is the inevitable requirement of protecting irrigated area agroecological environment, realizing agricultural sustainable development; to improving farmland ecological environment, anti-controlling agricultural area source pollution has important practical significance.
Widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area control technology mainly contains ecological revetment purification technics, Constructed Wetland For Purifying technology, ecological filter bed system and plant buffer strip purification technics etc. at present.The aspects such as the effect of efficiency, mechanism and the each component of wet land system of Wastewater Treatment by Constructed Wetlands have obtained great achievement in research, but for interior the applying on a large scale of this technology, still have some critical technical problems to need to solve, such as the problem such as Wetland Area selection problem and the environmental effect of artificial swamp in combination problem, the farmland water yield and the water quality total management system of wetland and irrigation and drainage system.Filter bed system is multi-stage stepwise filter bed often, and floor space is larger, and it is applied and is subject to larger restriction.Ecological revetment and plant buffer strip purification technics are because the advantages such as its floor space is little, can gather materials on the spot are comparatively extensive in the application of pollution of area source control field.Publication number is that the patent documentation that 102206005A, name are called " a kind of river channel ecology reactor assembly and construction process thereof " discloses a kind of river channel ecology reactor assembly and construction process thereof, comprise the ecological buffer strip of bank slope, plant reconstruction area, water plant band etc., effectively realized the benefit such as water correction and ecological functions lifting.Publication number is that the patent documentation that 102145957A, name are called " a kind of method that builds agricultural drain ecological purification system " discloses a kind of method that builds agricultural drain ecological purification system, at farmland drainage ditch end, ecological buffer area is set, the water plant of the easy absorbed nitrogen phosphorus of plantation in buffer area, agricultural drain is carried out to preliminary purification, and biological cleaning ring is set in agricultural drain culvert pipe, further hold back larger suspending sundries.Publication number is that the patent documentation that 102146666A, name are called " the clean dirty band of waterfront, river MULTILAYER COMPOSITE plant and construction process " discloses the clean dirty band of waterfront, a kind of river MULTILAYER COMPOSITE plant and construction process, comprise the clean dirty band of grassed slope, the clean dirty band of emergent aquactic plant, the clean dirty band of submerged plant and gabion, there is stronger clean dirty ability.Publication number is that the patent documentation that 101973638A, name are called " ecological percolating type water purification groin system " discloses an ecological percolating type water purification groin system, it is trapezoidal that structure is, centre is biological strengthening purification region, both sides are piece stone bodies, between gauze wire cloth cobble body and piece stone body, be sand, rubble, soil mixture, the outer surface of piece stone body is submerged plant and planting bag, top is emergent aquactic plant, bottom is hardcore bed, it above hardcore bed, is cobble filtrate body, top layer, biological strengthening purification region is bank protection top, and both sides, bank protection top are barnacle ladders.At present, the composite curtain wall technology that ecological revetment and edaphophyte buffer strip are combined, actually rare at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the composite curtain wall of a kind of efficient interception farmland area source pollutants, hold back purification by the pollutant that plant absorbs and physical absorption filtration is discharged farmland, the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants of effectively controlling in face source, farmland enters the water bodys such as river course, has good ecological benefits and application value.
A composite curtain wall for efficient interception farmland area source pollutants, along agricultural drain mouth to drain ditch in the field direction, be disposed with ground flora buffer strip, vegetation slope pavement, catchment and antifouling curtain wall; The height of described catchment is lower than ground flora buffer strip and antifouling curtain wall; Described antifouling curtain wall is by sandstone, bankets or both combinations are formed, and the shape in the cross section of antifouling curtain wall is trapezoidal.
As the further improvement of foregoing invention, described ground flora buffer strip plantation rhizome, bulb or kind subclass plant.
Rhizome, bulb or plant subclass plant and there is flourishing underground root or stem tuber, and the formation of rhizome is more to the demand of P elements, and therefore, larger to the uptake of phosphorus; Plant subclass plant, the formation of its seed and fruit needs a large amount of phosphorus and potassium element.
As the further improvement of foregoing invention, described vegetation slope pavement and antifouling curtain wall are all planted dark root bunch type by catchment bank protection on one side and are endured water herbaceous plant.
Dark root bunch type is endured water herbaceous plant, and the distributed depth of its root system generally more than 30CM, distributes compared with dark and distribution area is wideless.
As the further improvement of foregoing invention, in described catchment, the scattered type of the dark root of plantation is endured water herbaceous plant.
The dark scattered type of root is endured water herbaceous plant, and it is adaptable, and well developed root system is generally distributed between 20-30CM, and increment is large, nourishes and grows with reproductive growth and deposits, all abundanter to the absorption of nitrogen phosphorus potassium; And can be in without native ambient growth.
As the further improvement of foregoing invention, the described vegetation slope pavement gradient is 1:1.
The vegetation slope pavement gradient is that 1:1 has increased agricultural drain hydraulic detention time, the hold back effect of fortification of plants buffer strip to pollutant.
As the further improvement of foregoing invention, the long 25m of described antifouling curtain wall, high 0.6m, upper bottom width 1m, lower bottom width 1.6m, the trapezoidal gradient is 1:0.5, lower heelpiece gravel, at gravel top fill stratum.
Trapezium structure not only stability is strong, and has enough intensity, not fragile and distortion; The trapezoidal gradient is that 1:0.5 saves space on the basis that ensures antifouling curtain wall construction stability, reduces the floor space of whole curtain wall; Lower basal conglomerate, form a current wetland in the structure of gravel top fill stratum, made full use of the effect that the biomembrane of filling surface growth, abundant root system and topsoil and filler dam etc., improved its wastewater treatment efficiency and disposal ability.
As the further improvement of foregoing invention, described antifouling curtain wall top plantation rhizome, bulb or kind subclass plant.
Rhizome, bulb or kind subclass plant, resistance to silt ability is better, and the growth of piece root, bulb and fruit all needs a large amount of phosphorus, potassium element, sets it as the dominant plant application that phosphorus is removed, the removal effect with raising system to phosphorus.
First agricultural drain enters ground flora buffer strip by agricultural drain mouth, ground flora buffer strip can effectively increase resistance, the reduction draining flow velocity of surface flow, most solid particle is deposited, between farmland and irrigation canals and ditches, play certain cushioning effect, play the effect of preliminary purifying water effect and coutroi velocity and the time of staying; By vegetation slope pavement and catchment as a whole, form an irrigation canals and ditches plant buffer strip, the vegetation slope pavement of irrigation canals and ditches plant buffer strip is further held back the particulate phosphorus and nitrogen pollutant in surface flow by physical deposition and diafiltration, and catchment can absorb dissolved nitrogen phosphor contaminant; In antifouling curtain wall, soil and gravel can adsorb the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants of solubilised state, and to again filtering through the agricultural drain of plant buffer strip, the agricultural drain after purification flows into drain ditch in the field, can be again for field irrigation, and realization recycles.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is in the present invention: the first, and simplicity of design of the present invention, construction cost is cheap, and in buffer strip, the plant of plantation has good landscape effect and economic benefit, invests little, instant effect, and daily management is safeguarded simple; The second, the present invention, according to actual conditions plantation buffer strip plant, draw materials conveniently, and kind is many, and in whole system, bio-diversity is large, riverbank structure of plant community complexity, and ecosystem stability is strong; The 3rd, the antifouling curtain wall of soil-plant buffer strip combines with the farm field irrigation drainage system matching, form a self-circulating purification system, the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants of effectively controlling in face source, farmland enters the water bodys such as river course, has good ecological benefits and application value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is cross-sectional view of the present invention, and wherein 1 is that ground flora buffer strip, 2 is that vegetation slope pavement, 3 is that catchment, 4 is antifouling curtain wall, and the direction of arrow represents water (flow) direction;
Fig. 2 is the top view of embodiment 1, and wherein 1 is that farmland, 2 is that plant buffer strip, 3 is that antifouling curtain wall, 4 is that ditch, field, 5 is that pool, 6 is that water pump, 7 is strainer, and the direction of arrow represents water (flow) direction.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
This demonstration project is positioned at Jiangning District, Nanjing vegetable or flower research institute, and top view is arranged as shown in Figure 2 in its farmland.This project pool 5 is outdoor layout, and therefore head pivot arranges strainer 7 irrigation water is carried out to simple filtration, removes partial impurities.
As shown in Figure 1, one along agricultural drain mouth to drain ditch in the field direction, be disposed with ground flora buffer strip 1, vegetation slope pavement 2, catchment 3 and antifouling curtain wall 4, wherein, 1 kind of ground flora buffer strip is planted arrowhead, 2 kinds of vegetation slope pavements are planted wild hay grass, the gradient is 1:1, long 85cm, the height of catchment 3 is lower than ground flora buffer strip 1 and antifouling curtain wall 4, calamus is planted in 3 kinds of catchments, antifouling curtain wall 4 is by gravel, banket or both combinations form, the shape in the cross section of antifouling curtain wall 4 is trapezoidal, the long 25m of trapezium structure, high 0.6m, upper bottom width 1m, lower bottom width 1.6m, the trapezoidal gradient is 1:0.5, length of grade 67cm, the thick 8mm of lower heelpiece 30cm left and right gravel, fill out the thick right soil layer of 30cm on gravel top, top plantation arrowhead, antifouling curtain wall is planted wild hay grass by catchment bank protection on one side.
Because farmland pollution of area source mainly occurs in after fertilising and rainfall generation surface flow, therefore after fertilising and rainfall, gather agricultural drain water sample and the water outlet water sample after the antifouling curtain wall of plant buffer strip is monitored.At agricultural drain mouth (sample point 1), plant buffer strip end (sample point 2) and antifouling curtain wall end (sample point 3), test point is set respectively, its total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus concentration are monitored, result is as follows:
Change of water quality after table 1 single-dose application (mg/L)
Change of water quality (mg/L) after a rainfall of table 2
From table 1 and table 2, after fertilising, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus concentration all have remarkable reduction, analytical sampling point 1 the 1st day the pollutant levels of surveying and the 10th day pollutant levels of surveying of sample point 3, its fall reaches respectively 95.2%, 89.6%, 91.2%; After rainfall, the fall of the total nitrogen of this system, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus concentration reaches respectively 91.5%, 92.0%, 94.2%.Mark by " surface water quality Assessment for classification and standards of grading table ", its final draining water quality index reaches respectively III class and II class standard, therefore by this buffer strip curtain wall construction, the discharge of farmland area source pollutants has obtained effective control, and the draining after purification can be directly used in field irrigation.
Comparative example 1
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: on vegetation slope pavement 2, do not plant any plant, at agricultural drain mouth (sample point 1), plant buffer strip end (sample point 2) and antifouling curtain wall end (sample point 3), test point is set, its total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total phosphorus concentration are monitored, and result is as follows:
Change of water quality after table 3 single-dose application (mg/L)
Change of water quality (mg/L) after a rainfall of table 4
In the time that vegetation slope pavement 2 does not have plant, in the water that sample point 2 flows out nitrogen and phosphorus content compared with the height in embodiment 1, this may be because the plant of vegetation slope pavement plantation and other structure generation synergy, can be beneficial to by certain cushioning effect the absorption of nitrogen phosphorus.

Claims (7)

1. the composite curtain wall of an efficient interception farmland area source pollutants, it is characterized in that: along agricultural drain mouth to drain ditch in the field direction, be disposed with ground flora buffer strip (1), vegetation slope pavement (2), catchment (3) and antifouling curtain wall (4); The height of described catchment (3) is lower than ground flora buffer strip (1) and antifouling curtain wall (4); Described antifouling curtain wall (4) is by gravel, bankets or both combinations are formed, and the shape in the cross section of antifouling curtain wall (4) is trapezoidal.
2. the composite curtain wall of efficient interception according to claim 1 farmland area source pollutants, is characterized in that: described ground flora buffer strip (1) plantation rhizome, bulb or kind subclass plant.
3. the composite curtain wall of efficient interception according to claim 1 farmland area source pollutants, is characterized in that: described vegetation slope pavement (2) and antifouling curtain wall (4) are all planted dark root bunch type by catchment bank protection on one side and endured water herbaceous plant.
4. the composite curtain wall of efficient interception according to claim 1 farmland area source pollutants, is characterized in that: in described catchment (3), the scattered type of the dark root of plantation is endured water herbaceous plant.
5. the composite curtain wall of efficient interception according to claim 1 farmland area source pollutants, is characterized in that: described vegetation slope pavement (2) gradient is 1:1.
6. the composite curtain wall of efficient interception according to claim 1 farmland area source pollutants, is characterized in that: the long 25m of described antifouling curtain wall (4), and high 0.6m, upper bottom width 1m, lower bottom width 1.6m, the trapezoidal gradient is 1:0.5.
7. the composite curtain wall of efficient interception according to claim 1 farmland area source pollutants, is characterized in that: described antifouling curtain wall (4) top plantation rhizome, bulb or kind subclass plant.
CN201410209967.0A 2014-05-16 2014-05-16 Composite curtain wall for efficiently intercepting pollutants in farmland surface source Pending CN104047262A (en)

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Cited By (11)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104452653A (en) * 2014-11-13 2015-03-25 中国环境科学研究院 Lake buffer zone building method for non-point source pollution control
CN104790698A (en) * 2015-04-27 2015-07-22 河海大学 Irrigated area dry land sheetflow type water drainage, regulation and storage purification wet land built system
CN104801535A (en) * 2015-05-13 2015-07-29 天津城建大学 Enriching and transformation ditch device of protection forest for removal of farmland heavy metals
CN106115941A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-11-16 扬州大学 A kind of rice field runoff regulation intercepts with nitrogen phosphorus diafiltration and removes filtration system and application process thereof
CN106946358A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-07-14 南京大学 A kind of plant buffer strip of combination landscape design
CN107047266A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-08-18 河海大学 A kind of industrial crops band for agriculture irrigated area irrigation canals and ditches pollutant fluxes
CN109553191A (en) * 2018-12-04 2019-04-02 浙江大学 Rural area landscape type ecological canal nitrogen phosphorus intercepting system and method
CN109553198A (en) * 2018-12-04 2019-04-02 浙江大学 The synchronous interception conversion pool and its method for realizing denitrogenation dephosphorizing
CN109874442A (en) * 2019-04-08 2019-06-14 金陵科技学院 A kind of field original position ecological circulation water process irrigation and drainage system with functions
CN110683652A (en) * 2019-10-11 2020-01-14 上海市园林工程有限公司 Constructed wetland island water purification system and construction method thereof
CN111153500A (en) * 2020-01-07 2020-05-15 中国科学院水生生物研究所 Buffer zone construction mode and width defining method based on pollution interception

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104452653A (en) * 2014-11-13 2015-03-25 中国环境科学研究院 Lake buffer zone building method for non-point source pollution control
CN104790698A (en) * 2015-04-27 2015-07-22 河海大学 Irrigated area dry land sheetflow type water drainage, regulation and storage purification wet land built system
CN104790698B (en) * 2015-04-27 2017-08-11 河海大学 Cross flow formula draining in irrigated area nonirrigated farmland, which is regulated and stored, purifies wetland constructing system
CN104801535A (en) * 2015-05-13 2015-07-29 天津城建大学 Enriching and transformation ditch device of protection forest for removal of farmland heavy metals
CN104801535B (en) * 2015-05-13 2017-08-08 天津城建大学 A kind of shelter-forest enrichment conversion ditch device for being used to remove heavy metals in farmland
CN106115941A (en) * 2016-08-30 2016-11-16 扬州大学 A kind of rice field runoff regulation intercepts with nitrogen phosphorus diafiltration and removes filtration system and application process thereof
CN107047266A (en) * 2017-01-24 2017-08-18 河海大学 A kind of industrial crops band for agriculture irrigated area irrigation canals and ditches pollutant fluxes
CN106946358A (en) * 2017-05-11 2017-07-14 南京大学 A kind of plant buffer strip of combination landscape design
CN109553191A (en) * 2018-12-04 2019-04-02 浙江大学 Rural area landscape type ecological canal nitrogen phosphorus intercepting system and method
CN109553198A (en) * 2018-12-04 2019-04-02 浙江大学 The synchronous interception conversion pool and its method for realizing denitrogenation dephosphorizing
CN109874442A (en) * 2019-04-08 2019-06-14 金陵科技学院 A kind of field original position ecological circulation water process irrigation and drainage system with functions
CN109874442B (en) * 2019-04-08 2024-03-29 金陵科技学院 Irrigation and drainage system for field in-situ ecological circulating water treatment
CN110683652A (en) * 2019-10-11 2020-01-14 上海市园林工程有限公司 Constructed wetland island water purification system and construction method thereof
CN110683652B (en) * 2019-10-11 2022-01-18 上海市园林工程有限公司 Constructed wetland island water purification system and construction method thereof
CN111153500A (en) * 2020-01-07 2020-05-15 中国科学院水生生物研究所 Buffer zone construction mode and width defining method based on pollution interception
CN111153500B (en) * 2020-01-07 2021-05-25 中国科学院水生生物研究所 Buffer zone construction mode and width defining method based on pollution interception

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