CN105336755B - 像素结构 - Google Patents

像素结构 Download PDF

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CN105336755B
CN105336755B CN201510710446.8A CN201510710446A CN105336755B CN 105336755 B CN105336755 B CN 105336755B CN 201510710446 A CN201510710446 A CN 201510710446A CN 105336755 B CN105336755 B CN 105336755B
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layer
pattern layers
switch element
transparent conductive
conductive layer
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CN105336755A (zh
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蔡艾茹
李长纮
李明贤
李宸慷
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AU Optronics Corp
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种像素结构,其包括多个扫描线、多个数据线以及多个子像素。扫描线及数据线互相交错设置于基板上。子像素包括开关元件、接触图案层、彩色滤光图案层以及像素电极。开关元件分别与一条扫描线及一条数据线电连接。接触图案层与彩色滤光图案层配置于基板与开关元件上,接触图案层覆盖至少两个相邻开关元件的部分区域,至少两个彩色滤光图案层分别具有一缺口,且接触图案层对应设置于缺口中。像素电极配置于彩色滤光图案层、接触图案层与开关元件上,至少一像素电极部分设置于彩色滤光图案层与对应的开关元件之间且电连接。

Description

像素结构
技术领域
本发明是有关于一种像素结构,且特别是有关于一种两相邻的子像素共用接触图案层的像素结构。
背景技术
近年来,低温多晶硅(Low Temperature Poly-Silicon,LTPS)液晶显示器是目前消费性产品开发的设计主流,其主要应用为高整合度与高解析度的中小尺寸液晶显示器。然而,高解析度的显示器具有较高像素密度,因此,每一子像素的尺寸亦相对缩小。由于子像素的尺寸较小,作为子像素中像素电极以及漏极之间的接触窗的工艺难度亦相对的提高。更进一步来说,当接触窗所需要的大小超出工艺极限时,则无法形成接触窗,使得像素电极无法与漏极正确连接,造成像素电极无法驱动液晶分子。在这样的情况下,子像素将会无法显示画面,进而使得显示品质降低。
发明内容
本发明提供一种像素结构,可用以突破接触窗工艺极限的限制并提升显示品质。
本发明提供一种像素结构,适于配置于一基板上。像素结构包括多个扫描线、多个数据线以及多个子像素。子像素包括多个开关元件、接触图案层、多个彩色滤光图案层以及多个像素电极。各开关元件分别与其中一条扫描线及其中一条数据线电连接。接触图案层与彩色滤光图案层配置于基板与开关元件上,其中接触图案层覆盖至少两个相邻开关元件的部分区域,至少两个彩色滤光图案层分别具有一缺口,且接触图案层对应设置于缺口中。像素电极配置于彩色滤光图案层、触图案层与开关元件上,其中至少一像素电极部分设置于彩色滤光图案层与对应的开关元件之间且电连接。
基于上述,本发明为相邻的两个子像素共用接触图案层,并利用不同的图案化透明导电层作为漏极的延伸部往上层延伸,能够使得最上层的图案化透明导电层经由在其之下的图案化透明导电层与漏极电连接。藉此,像素结构中的接触窗的工艺能够不受到像素结构大小以及工艺极限的限制,并使得最上层的图案化透明导电层能够确实与漏极电连接,提供较佳的显示品质。
为让本发明的上述特征和优点能更明显易懂,下文特举实施例,并配合所附图式作详细说明如下。
附图说明
图1A至图11A是本发明一实施例的像素结构制造流程上视示意图。
图1B至图11B是根据图1A至图11A的剖线A-A’以及剖线B-B’的剖面制造流程示意图。
【符号说明】
100:基板
200:缓冲层
300:多晶硅层
350:第一图案化金属层
400:层间介电层
500:第二图案化金属层
600:接触图案层
700:像素电极
710:第一图案化透明导电层
720:第二图案化透明导电层
730:第三图案化透明导电层
800:保护层
CH:通道
DL:数据线
D:漏极
G:栅极
GI:栅绝缘层
C1:栅绝缘层接触窗
C2:第一接触窗
C3:第二接触窗
S:源极
SM:遮光层
SL:扫描线
OPN:缺口
CF:彩色滤光图案层
CF1:第一彩色滤光图案
CF2:第二彩色滤光图案
P:像素结构
P1、P2:子像素
具体实施方式
图1A至图11A是本发明一实施例的像素结构制造流程上视示意图。图1B至图11B是根据图1A至图11A的剖线A-A’以及剖线B-B’的剖面制造流程示意图。以下将依序说明本发明的像素结构的工艺流程。
请同时参照图1A以及图1B,提供一基板100。基板100的材质可为玻璃、石英、有机聚合物或是其他可适用的材料。紧接着,在基板100上形成一遮光层SM。遮光层SM的目的在于遮蔽之后的工艺中所形成的金属走线。换言之,遮光层SM实质上为本实施例的像素结构的黑矩阵层。在本实施例中,遮光层SM的材质为金属,但本发明不限于此。在其他实施例中,遮光层SM的材质亦可以是感光性树脂材料或其他不透光材料。值得注意的是,在其他实施例中,亦可以不设置遮光层SM。
请同时参照图2A以及图2B,在形成遮光层SM之后,依序在基板100以及遮光层SM上形成缓冲层200以及多晶硅层300。缓冲层200的目的在于加强多晶硅层300的附着力。详言之,由于基板100的材质为玻璃、石英或有机聚合物等材料,其与硅原子之间的附着力并不佳。因此,藉由使用例如是氮化硅材质的缓冲层200,能够使得多晶硅层300较佳地沉积且附着于缓冲层200上。多晶硅层300的形成方法包括首先在缓冲层200形成一层非晶硅层(未绘示),接着对非晶硅层进行回火工艺,使得非晶硅层转变成多晶硅层300。然而,本发明不限于此,其他现有的多晶硅层形成方法亦可以用来形成本实施例的多晶硅层。在多晶硅层300中,部分部位含有掺杂物(dopant),以形成源极区以及漏极区(未绘示)。
请同时参照图3A以及图3B,在缓冲层200以及多晶硅层300上依序形成栅绝缘层GI以及第一图案化金属层350,其中栅绝缘层GI完全覆盖缓冲层200以及多晶硅层300。栅绝缘层GI的材料包含无机材料(例如:氧化硅、氮化硅、氮氧化硅、其他合适的材料或上述至少两种材料的堆叠层)、有机材料、或其他合适的材料或上述的组合。也就是说,栅绝缘层GI的材料可以与缓冲层200相同或不同。第一图案化金属层350的材质可以是合金、金属材料的氮化物、金属材料的氧化物、金属材料的氮氧化物、金属材料与其他导电材料的堆叠层或其他合适的材料。第一图案化金属层350实质上为本实施例的像素结构的多条扫描线SL。值得注意的是,第一图案化金属层350与多晶硅层300重叠的部分形成栅极G,且多晶硅层300与第一图案化金属层350重叠的部分形成通道CH。如前述,由于栅绝缘层GI全面性地覆盖缓冲层200以及多晶硅层300,故第一图案化金属层350的栅极G以及多晶硅层300的通道CH藉由栅绝缘层GI分离而彼此电性绝缘。另一方面,如前所述,由于遮光层SM的目的在于遮蔽金属走线,故遮光层SM会分布于基板100以及扫描线SL之间。换言之,遮光层SM会与扫描线SL至少部份重叠,如图3A所示。
接着,请同时参照图4A以及图4B,形成层间介电层400,以覆盖栅绝缘层GI以及第一图案化金属层350。其中,层间介电层400具有多个开口,以形成多个贯穿层间介电层400以及栅绝缘层GI的栅绝缘层接触窗C1。也就是说,栅绝缘层接触窗C1暴露部分的多晶硅层300。层间介电层400的材质可以与栅绝缘层GI相同或不同,只要层间介电层400的材质为绝缘材质,则本发明不针对层间介电层400的材质特别作限制。
请同时参照图5A以及图5B,在层间介电层400上形成第二图案化金属层500,其中填入栅绝缘层接触窗C1的部分第二图案化金属层500分别形成源极S以及漏极D,而未填入栅绝缘层接触窗C1的第二图案化金属层500则形成多条数据线DL。亦即,第二图案化金属层500包括源极S、漏极D以及数据线DL,且源极S以及漏极D分别透过栅绝缘层接触窗C1与多晶硅层300连接。类似于第一图案化金属层350,第二图案化金属层500的材质可以是合金、金属材料的氮化物、金属材料的氧化物、金属材料的氮氧化物、金属材料与其他导电材料的堆叠层或其他合适的材料。换言之,第一图案化金属层350与第二图案化金属层500的材质可以是相同或是不同。另一方面,扫描线SL与数据线DL彼此交越设置。也就是说,扫描线SL的延伸方向与数据线DL的延伸方向不平行,较佳的是,扫描线SL的延伸方向与数据线DL的延伸方垂直。如前所述,由于遮光层SM的目的在于遮蔽金属走线,故遮光层SM会分布于基板100以及数据线DL之间。换言之,遮光层SM会与数据线DL至少部份重叠,如图5A所示。
承上述,图5A中的栅极G、源极S、漏极D以及通道CH构成开关元件TFT。另一方面,由于本实施例中通道CH是形成于多晶硅层300中,且源极S以及漏极D分别对应连接至多晶硅层300中的漏极区以及源极区(未绘示)中,故本实施例的开关元件TFT是一多晶硅晶体管。换言之,在本实施例中,各开关元件TFT的源极S以及漏极D是形成于多晶硅层300中。另一方面,如图5A所示,开关元件TFT中的栅极G与扫描线SL电连接,且开关元件TFT中的源极S与数据线DL电连接。亦即,各开关元件TFT分别与一条扫描线SL以及一条数据线DL电连接。
请同时参照图6A以及图6B,在层间介电层400以及第二图案化金属层500上形成接触图案层600,其中接触图案层600从一条数据线DL的一侧延伸至另一侧。具体来说,接触图案层600覆盖本实施例的像素结构中的至少一条数据线DL的部分区域。更进一步来说,接触图案层600覆盖前述至少一条数据线DL两侧的漏极D的部分区域。亦即,接触图案层600覆盖至少两相邻开关元件TFT的部分区域,如图6A所示。接触图案层600的材质可以是有机绝缘材料,但本发明不限于此。请同时参照图7A以及图7B,紧接着形成第一图案化透明导电层710。第一图案化透明导电层710配置于接触图案层600以及开关元件TFT上,其中第一图案化透明导电层710局部覆盖接触图案层600且延伸至局部覆盖对应的开关元件TFT上,以与对应的开关元件TFT直接接触并电连接。换言之,第一图案化透明导电层710与开关元件TFT的漏极D直接接触且电连接,并延伸至接触图案层600的上方以覆盖接触图案层600的局部。因此,第一图案化透明导电层710由较低的地形藉由爬坡的方式延伸至较高的地形。另一方面,第一图案化透明导电层710的材质包括金属氧化物,例如是铟锡氧化物、铟锌氧化物、铝锡氧化物、铝锌氧化物、铟锗锌氧化物、其他合适的氧化物或者是上述至少二者的堆叠层。
在完成第一图案化透明导电层710之后,请同时参照图8A以及图8B,在接触图案层600的周边形成彩色滤光图案层CF,且彩色滤光图案层CF包括第一彩色滤光图案CF1以及第二彩色滤光图案CF2。换言之,第一彩色滤光图案CF1以及第二彩色滤光图案CF2对应每一子像素设置,且第一彩色滤光图案CF1以及第二彩色滤光图案CF2分别具有缺口OPN,而接触图案层600则是对应设置于缺口OPN中。值得注意的是,在本实施例中,两相邻的子像素共用一个接触图案层600,故单一接触图案层600会配置于第一彩色滤光图案CF1的缺口OPN以及第二彩色滤光图案CF2的缺口OPN所形成的空间内。另一方面,在本实施例中,彩色滤光图案层CF会覆盖数据线DL,以确保数据线DL与后续工艺中其他膜层的绝缘性。
承上述,第一彩色滤光图案CF1以及第二彩色滤光图案CF2可以是选自红色、绿色或是蓝色的彩色滤光图案,本发明不限于此。另一方面,第一彩色滤光图案CF1以及第二彩色滤光图案CF2的颜色可以是相同或者是不同,本发明不限于此。除此之外,本实施例的彩色滤光图案层CF以及开关元件TFT是设置在相同的基板100上,以构成彩色滤光层于像素阵列上(color filter on array,COA)的结构。
请同时参照图9A以及图9B,在彩色滤光图案层CF以及接触图案层600上形成第二图案化透明导电层720。第二图案化透明导电层720具有多个第一接触窗C2,且第一接触窗C2暴露出第一图案化透明导电层710以及接触图案层600的部分区域。换言之,第二图案化透明导电层720全面性地覆盖像素结构,而只暴露出第一图案化透明导电层710以及接触图案层600的部分区域,以与第一图案化透明导电层710形成一横向电场(未绘示)。第二图案化透明导电层720的材料可以与第一图案化透明导电层710相同或不同,本发明不特别作限定。
接着,请同时参照图10A以及图10B,在完成第二图案化透明导电层720后,还包括形成保护层800的步骤。换言之,保护层800覆盖第二图案化透明导电层720、接触图案层600以及彩色滤光图案层CF,以达到保护这些元件的效果。保护层800的材料包含无机材料(例如:氧化硅、氮化硅、氮氧化硅、其他合适的材料或上述至少二种材料的堆叠层)、有机材料、或其他合适的材料或上述的组合。除此之外,保护层800更具有多个第二接触窗C3。类似于第一接触窗C2,第二接触窗C3也暴露第一图案化透明导电层710以及接触图案层600的部分区域。
请同时参照图11A以及图11B,在保护层800上形成第三图案化透明导电层730。第三图案化透明导电层730的材料可以与第一图案化透明导电层710以及第二图案化透明导电层720相同或不同,且第三图案化透明导电层730透过贯穿保护层800的第二接触窗C3与第一图案化透明导电层710直接接触且电连接。如前述,由于开关元件TFT的漏极D与第一图案化透明导电层710电连接,故第三图案化透明导电层730实质上是藉由第一图案化透明导电层710与开关元件TFT的漏极D电连接。
在此步骤中,本实施例的像素结构P已大致完成,且像素结构P包含相邻的两个子像素P1、P2。在本实施例中,相邻的两个子像素P1、P2共用同一个接触图案层600,以使得子像素P1、P2的开关元件TFT中的源极D能够顺着接触图案层600向较高的地形延伸,并使得第三图案化透明导电层730能够藉由延伸的第一图案化透明导电层710与开关元件TFT中的源极D电连接。因此,连接像素电极700与源极D的接触窗能够不受工艺极限的限制,进而降低工艺难度。
综上所述,本发明为相邻的两个子像素共用接触图案层,并利用不同的图案化透明导电层作为漏极的延伸部往上层延伸,能够使得最上层的图案化透明导电层经由在其之下的图案化透明导电层与漏极电连接。藉此,像素结构中的接触窗的工艺能够不受到像素结构大小以及工艺极限的限制,并使得最上层的图案化透明导电层能够确实与漏极电连接,提供较佳的显示品质。
虽然本发明已以实施例揭露如上,然其并非用以限定本发明,任何所属技术领域的一般技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,当可作些许的更动与润饰,故本发明的保护范围当视权利要求所界定的范围为准。

Claims (8)

1.一种像素结构,适于配置于一基板上,其特征在于,所述像素结构包括:
多个扫描线及多个数据线,互相交错设置于所述基板上;
多个子像素,包括:
多个开关元件,各所述开关元件分别与其中一条扫描线及其中一条数据线电连接;
一接触图案层;
多个彩色滤光图案层,所述接触图案层与所述彩色滤光图案层配置于所述基板与所述开关元件上,其中所述接触图案层覆盖至少两个相邻开关元件的部分区域,至少两个彩色滤光图案层分别具有一缺口,且所述接触图案层对应设置于所述缺口中;以及
多个像素电极,配置于所述彩色滤光图案层、所述接触图案层与所述开关元件上,其中至少一像素电极部分设置于彩色滤光图案层与对应的所述开关元件之间且电连接;
所述像素电极包括:
一第一图案化透明导电层,配置于所述接触图案层及所述开关元件上,其中各所述第一图案化透明导电层局部覆盖所述接触图案层且延伸至局部覆盖对应的开关元件上,以与对应的开关元件直接接触并电连接;
一第二图案化透明导电层,配置于所述彩色滤光图案层与所述接触图案层上,且所述第二图案化透明导电层具有多个第一接触窗以暴露出各所述第一图案化透明导电层的部分区域;以及
一第三图案化透明导电层,配置于所述第二图案化透明导电层上,其中所述第三图案化透明导电层藉由所述第一接触窗与所述第一图案化透明导电层直接接触并电连接。
2.如权利要求1所述的像素结构,其特征在于,各所述开关元件包括一与所述扫描线电连接的栅极、一与对应数据线电连接的源极以及一与对应像素电极电连接的漏极。
3.如权利要求1所述的像素结构,其特征在于,各所述开关元件包括一多晶硅晶体管,而各所述开关元件中的源极与漏极形成于所述多晶硅晶体管的一多晶硅层中。
4.如权利要求1所述的像素结构,其特征在于,所述像素结构还包括一保护层,其中所述保护层覆盖所述第二图案化透明导电层、所述接触图案层以及所述彩色滤光图案层,且所述保护层具有多个第二接触窗以暴露出各所述第一图案化透明导电层的部分区域。
5.如权利要求4所述的像素结构,其特征在于,各所述第一图案化透明导电层透过各所述第一接触窗以及各所述第二接触窗与对应的第三图案化透明导电层电连接。
6.如权利要求1所述的像素结构,其特征在于,所述接触图案层从其中一条数据线的一侧延伸至另一侧,以覆盖所述条数据线的部分区域。
7.如权利要求1所述的像素结构,其特征在于,所述像素结构还包括一遮光层,其中所述遮光层分布于所述开关元件与所述基板之间。
8.如权利要求7所述的像素结构,其特征在于,所述遮光层还分布于所述扫描线与所述基板之间以及所述数据线与所述基板之间。
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