CN105318825B - Axially distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, three interdigital metal strain plate - Google Patents
Axially distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, three interdigital metal strain plate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Axial direction distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital metal strain plate of axial local derviation on the outside of a kind of measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid, including substrate and six sensitive grids being fixed thereon, each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and sensitive segment axis is in coplanar parallel lines；Axis direction is axially, with axially vertical direction for laterally in the plane；Each sensitive grid presses its center sequence of positions, is left five sensitive grids, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitive grid, right three sensitive grids and right five sensitive grids from left to right vertically；Six sensitive grid central cross zero deflections, axially there is deviation；It is in interdigital arrangement respectively between the left side, middle part and two, the right sensitive grid；Six sensitive grids all-in resistance changing value under same strain is in 5：3：8：8：3：5.The present invention can detect a left side five simultaneously, the right five left and right outsides in sensitive grid center to center spacing is equal to strain axial direction single order local derviation of the center at middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitive grid center spacing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sensor field, especially a kind of metal strain plate.
Background technology
The operation principle of metal resistance strain gauge is resistance strain effect, i.e. wire is in effect strained, its electricity
Resistance occurs to change accordingly with the size of mechanically deform occurred (stretching or compression).The theoretical formula of resistance strain effect
It is as follows:
Wherein R is its resistance value, and ρ is metal material resistivity, and L is metal material length, and S is metal material sectional area.
Wire is bearing to strain during mechanically deform occurs, and ρ, L, S three will change, so as to cause
The change of metal material resistance value.When metal material is stretched, length increase, sectional area reduces, resistance value increase；Work as compression
During contracting, length reduces, and sectional area increase, resistance value reduces.Therefore, as long as the change of resistance value can be measured, wire can be known
Strained situation.Metal material resistance change rate formula can be exported by relevant knowledges such as formula (1) and the mechanics of materials
Wherein Δ R is resistance variation amount, and Δ L is the change of metal material length on pulling force or pressure action direction
Amount, ε are that the strain in same direction is usually referred to as axial strain, and K is metal material ga(u)ge factor.
In actual applications, metal resistance strain gauge is pasted onto to the table of Sensor Elastic Element or tested machine components
Face.When the flexible member in sensor or tested machine components are produced strain by active force, foil gauge thereon is pasted onto
Identical mechanically deform occurs therewith, causes strain sheet resistance that corresponding change occurs.At this moment, resistance strain gage is just by mechanical quantity
Be converted to the variable quantity output of resistance.
But we are also required to understand the partial derivative of workpiece strain sometimes, for example there are three kinds of occasions, but not limited to this below
Three, it is necessary to use workpiece surface strain partial derivative：
First, due to nearby occurring that strain is concentrated, and often occurs damaging it first as workpiece at workpiece shapes mutation
Place, the strain partial derivative near at shape mutation is monitored, can intuitively obtain strain intensity at this.
Second, largely existed by comer pieces in building, bridge, plant equipment, the relevant knowledge of the mechanics of materials is taught that, bending
The axial strain of beam surface is directly proportional to section turn moment, and the axial partial derivative of section turn moment is directly proportional to section shearing strain, that is,
Section shearing strain can be known by the axial partial derivative of surface axial strain, and the shearing strain can not use foil gauge in workpiece table
Face direct measurement arrives；
3rd, when applied elasticity research workpiece strains, internal strain is decided by partial differential equation, and equation solution needs
Boundary condition, and workpiece surface strain partial derivative is exactly one of boundary condition, this is that general foil gauge can not provide.
In addition, to some positions of workpiece, such as the position such as at the shaft shoulder, part edge, due to the mutation of geomery, its
Bigger change often accordingly be present in strain.However, just due to the mutation of geomery so that more difficult placement in general at this
Foil gauge is, it is necessary to the production of a kind of energy inclined edge of measuring strain piece even edge outer fix rather than center position strain local derviation
Product.It so just may be implemented in and avoid arranging foil gauge at a certain distance from the more difficult target measured point for laying foil gauge, and finally survey
Measure the strain local derviation at the target measured point.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that existing metal strain plate can not detect strain local derviation, the present invention provides one kind and can measured
The axial direction distribution of axial local derviation on the outside of the measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid of energy effective detection surface strain axial direction local derviation should be changed
Six sensitive grid full-bridges, three interdigital metal strain plate, particularly measuring workpiece corner, edge etc. has size restriction site to foil gauge
Or other should not arrange the axial single order local derviation of foil gauge position.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
Axial direction distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital metal of axial local derviation on the outside of a kind of measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid
Foil gauge, including substrate, the metal strain plate also include six sensitive grids, and the both ends of each sensitive grid connect one and drawn respectively
Pin, six sensitive grids are fixed in the substrate；
Each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and the both ends of the sensitive segment are changeover portion, and the sensitive segment is in thin
Strip, the changeover portion are in tubbiness shape, and the resistance of the sensitive segment is much larger than the resistance of the changeover portion, same strain state
Under the increased resistance value of the sensitive segment be much larger than the increased resistance value of the changeover portion, the increased resistance value of the changeover portion connects
It is bordering on 0；
All cross section centres of form of each sensitive segment form sensitive segment axis, and the sensitive segment axis is straight line section, institute
In stating the diameter parallel of each sensitive segment in six sensitive grids and being generally aligned in the same plane, sensitive segment axis is determined in plane, edge
The sensitive segment axis direction is axially, with axially vertical direction for laterally；Its both sides resistance value be present on each sensitive segment
An equal cross section, take the cross-section centroid position and formed place sensitive segment by nominal mass of the sensitive segment resistance value
Nominal particle, the centroid position that the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is collectively forming are the center of sensitive grid；
Zero deflection in the horizontal between six sensitive grid centers, there is deviation in the axial direction；Six sensitive grids are pressed in sensitive grid
The order of heart position, be followed successively by from left to right vertically left five sensitive grids, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitive grid,
Right three sensitive grids and right five sensitive grids；Distance is Δ x between left five sensitive grid centers and middle left sensitive grid center1, middle left sensitivity
Distance is also Δ x between grid center and right three sensitive grid centers1；Distance between left three sensitive grid centers and middle right sensitive grid center
For Δ x1, distance is also Δ x between middle right sensitive grid center and right five sensitive grid centers1；Left five sensitive grid centers are sensitive with a left side three
The distance at grid center is Δ x2, the distance at middle left sensitive grid center and middle right sensitive grid center is Δ x2, right three sensitive grid centers with
Distance is Δ x between right five sensitive grid centers2；
Each sensitive segment axis is determined in plane, is in interdigital arrangement between left five sensitive grids and left three sensitive grids, a middle left side is quick
It is in interdigital arrangement to feel between grid and middle right sensitive grid, is in interdigital arrangement between right five sensitive grids and right three sensitive grids；
Left five sensitive grids, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitive grid, right three sensitive grids and right five sensitive grids
Sensitive segment all-in resistance is in 5：3：8：8：3：5 proportionate relationship, left five sensitive grids, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitivity
The all-in resistance changing value of the sensitive segment of grid, right three sensitive grids and right five sensitive grids sensitive segment under identical strain is also in 5：3：8：
8：3：5 proportionate relationship.
Accordingly, left five sensitive grids of series connection and right three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, series connection three sensitive grids of a left side and the right side five are sensitive
Grid, middle right sensitive grid just form four bridge arms of measuring bridge.
Further, all shape of cross section sizes of each sensitive segment are consistent, take the axis point midway of each sensitive segment
And the nominal particle of place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, left five sensitive grid, a left side three are sensitive
Grid, middle left sensitive grid, the sensitive segment total length of five sensitive grids of middle right sensitive grid, right three sensitive grids and the right side are in 5：3：8：8：3：5
Proportionate relationship.The program is a kind of scheme that can be selected, as long as to meet its both sides resistance value equal for the position of nominal particle
Cross section position of form center can or other positions.
Further, two pins of left five sensitive grid are respectively positioned on the right side of the sensitive grid, and right five sensitive grids
Two pins are respectively positioned on the left side of the sensitive grid.Purpose be the distance that reduces left five sensitive grid centers to foil gauge left side edge with
And right five sensitive grid centers are to the distance of foil gauge right side edge.
Further, the sensitive segment axial length of relatively middle sensitive grid, right five sensitive grids and left five sensitive grids can it is shorter and
Cross direction profiles can be closeer.Purpose is to reduce left five sensitive grid centers into the distance of foil gauge left side edge and right five sensitive grids
Distance of the heart to foil gauge right side edge.
Among six sensitive grids, except being in interdigital arrangement between above-mentioned three pairs of sensitive grids, without between other sensitive grids
Interdigital arrangement.The interdigital arrangement refers to：Two sensitive grids each sensitive segment axis institute in the plane, vertical with sensitive segment axis
The sensitive segment of two sensitive grids distribution straggly on direction, the order occurred respectively to the sensitive segment of two sensitive grids in this direction and time
Number is not limited.
Using the linear relationship between metal material increased resistance value and strain, this foil gauge is as common foil gauge
It can be used for measuring strain.On the other hand, according in numerical differentiation theory, (such as Yi Fengkang is compiled, National Defense Industry Press 1978
December in year publishes《Numerical computation method》Page 21 (1.4.11)-(1.4.14) formulas make equidistant interpolation analysis) on single order local derviation
Circular, the numerical computation method of f (x, y) x directions first-order partial derivative is as follows：
Wherein x1=x0+ h, x2=x1+ h, it is (x to pay special attention to above formula2+ h, y) position first-order partial derivative value formula, the formula
Truncated error it is smaller be o (h2) be step-length square higher order indefinite small.By being generally acknowledged that sensitive grid electricity in formula (2) engineering
The strain at variable quantity direct ratio and sensitive grid center is hindered, with reference to each sensitive gate resistance and the resistance change under same strain
The resistance of proportionate relationship, left five sensitive grids and right three sensitive grids and the resistance value for subtracting middle left sensitive grid, then divided by the sensitivity of a left side five
The distance at grid center and right three sensitive grid centers is the axial single order numerical value local derviation of strain, is a left side five according to theoretical this of numerical differentiation
Axial single order numerical value local derviation of the sensitive grid center to the left at h distances, h here are equal to left five sensitive grid centers to a middle left side certainly
The distance between sensitive grid；Equally, the resistance of right five sensitive grids and left three sensitive grids and the resistance value of middle right sensitive grid is subtracted, then
Divided by the axial single order numerical value local derviation that the distance at right five sensitive grid centers and left three sensitive grid centers is strain, according to numerical differentiation
Theoretical this is the right five sensitive grid centers axial single order numerical value local derviation at h distances to the right, and h here is equal to the sensitivity of the right side five certainly
Grid center is the distance between to middle right sensitive grid center.The axial single order local derviation of position can measure simultaneously at above-mentioned two.Therefore should
The advantage of foil gauge is that its both sides is used equally for measuring the general foil gauge such as workpiece corner, edge because size limitation can not survey
The axial single order local derviation at the position of amount.
It should be noted that keeping left five sensitive grids, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitive grid, the right side three quick in technique
It is in 5 to feel the variable quantity of grid and right five sensitive grid changeover portion all-in resistances and changeover portion resistance under external strain：3：8：8：3：5
Numerical relation is to heighten measurement accuracy, also can conduct if the resistance of changeover portion and the lower resistance change of strain be can not ignore
Systematic error is eliminated in detection.
Further, the metal strain plate also includes cover plate, and the cover plate is covered in the sensitive grid and substrate.
Further, the sensitive grid is wire form, foil, diaphragm type or thick-film type sensitive grid.
Further, the substrate is glued membrane substrate, glass fabric substrates, asbestos base bottom, metallic substrates or temporary substrate.
Six sensitive grids are arranged in substrate in left, center, right.It is of course also possible to it is other arrangements.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in：It can simultaneously detect at left five sensitive grid center left-external sides one and the right side five is quick
Axial single order local derviation at the sense right outside one in grid center, wherein laterally upper at left five sensitive grid center left-external sides and five sensitive grids of a left side
Center zero deflection, it is equal to middle left sensitive grid center and left five sensitive grid centers with the spacing at left five sensitive grid centers at this on axial direction
Spacing；The right right outside in five sensitive grid centers is laterally upper with right five sensitive grid center zero deflections, quick with right five at this on axial direction
The spacing for feeling grid center is equal to the spacing at middle right sensitive grid center and right five sensitive grid centers.Therefore the measurable corner of workpiece of the present invention
Fall, edge etc. has size restriction site to foil gauge or other should not arrange the axial single order local derviation of foil gauge position.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is axial direction distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital metal of axial local derviation on the outside of measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid
The schematic diagram of foil gauge.
Fig. 2 is axial direction distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital metal of axial local derviation on the outside of measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid
Foil gauge top view.
Fig. 3 is measuring bridge schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
1~Fig. 3 of reference picture, axial direction six sensitive grids of distribution that a kind of measurable bilateral biases axial local derviation on the outside of sensitive grid are complete
Three interdigital metal strain plate of bridge, including substrate, the metal strain plate also include six sensitive grids, the both ends point of each sensitive grid
Not Lian Jie a pin, fix six sensitive grids in the substrate；
Each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and the both ends of the sensitive segment are changeover portion, and the sensitive segment is in thin
Strip, the changeover portion are in tubbiness shape, and the resistance of the sensitive segment is much larger than the resistance of the changeover portion, same strain state
Under the increased resistance value of the sensitive segment be much larger than the increased resistance value of the changeover portion, the increased resistance value of the changeover portion connects
It is bordering on 0；
All cross section centres of form of each sensitive segment form sensitive segment axis, and the sensitive segment axis is straight line section, institute
In stating the diameter parallel of each sensitive segment in six sensitive grids and being generally aligned in the same plane, sensitive segment axis is determined in plane, edge
The sensitive segment axis direction is axially, with axially vertical direction for laterally；Its both sides resistance value be present on each sensitive segment
An equal cross section, take the cross-section centroid position and formed place sensitive segment by nominal mass of the sensitive segment resistance value
Nominal particle, the centroid position that the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is collectively forming are the center of sensitive grid；
Zero deflection in the horizontal between six sensitive grid centers, there is deviation in the axial direction；Six sensitive grids are pressed in sensitive grid
The order of heart position, be followed successively by from left to right vertically left five sensitive grids, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitive grid,
Right three sensitive grids and right five sensitive grids；Distance is Δ x between left five sensitive grid centers and middle left sensitive grid center1, middle left sensitivity
Distance is Δ x between grid center and right three sensitive grid centers1；Distance is between left three sensitive grid centers and middle right sensitive grid center
Δx1, distance is Δ x between middle right sensitive grid center and right five sensitive grid centers1；In left five sensitive grid centers and left three sensitive grids
The distance of the heart is Δ x2, the distance at middle left sensitive grid center and middle right sensitive grid center is Δ x2, right three sensitive grid centers and right five
Distance is Δ x between sensitive grid center2；
Each sensitive segment axis is determined in plane, is in interdigital arrangement between the left side five sensitive grids of a left side and left three sensitive grids, in
It is in interdigital arrangement between left sensitive grid and middle right sensitive grid in portion, is in interdigital cloth between the right five sensitive grids of the right side and right three sensitive grids
Put；
Left five sensitive grids, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitive grid, right three sensitive grids and right five sensitive grids
Sensitive segment all-in resistance is in 5：3：8：8：3：5 proportionate relationship, left five sensitive grids, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitivity
The all-in resistance changing value of the sensitive segment of grid, right three sensitive grids and right five sensitive grids sensitive segment under identical strain is also in 5：3：
8：8：3：5 proportionate relationship.
Accordingly, left five sensitive grids of series connection and right three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, series connection three sensitive grids of a left side and the right side five are sensitive
Grid, middle right sensitive grid just form four bridge arms of measuring bridge.Further, all shape of cross section sizes of each sensitive segment
Unanimously, take the axis point midway of each sensitive segment and the name of place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass
Adopted particle, left five sensitive grid, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitive grid, right three sensitive grids and right five sensitive grids
Sensitive segment total length be in 5：3：8：8：3：5 proportionate relationship.The program is a kind of scheme that can be selected, the position of nominal particle
As long as put meet the equal cross section position of form center of its both sides resistance value can or other positions.
Further, two pins of left five sensitive grids are respectively positioned on the right side of the sensitive grid, and two of right five sensitive grids
Pin is respectively positioned on the left side of the sensitive grid.Purpose is the distance and the right side for reducing left five sensitive grid centers to foil gauge left side edge
Distance of the five sensitive grid centers to foil gauge right side edge.
The six sensitive grid full-bridge tridents of axial direction distribution of axial local derviation on the outside of the measurable bilateral biasing sensitive grid of the present embodiment
Refer to metal strain plate, including substrate 1, the metal strain plate also include six sensitive grids, the both ends of each sensitive grid connect respectively
A pin is connect, six sensitive grids are fixed in the substrate 1.
It is quick that left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, the right side three can be fixed on substrate 1
Grid 6 and right five sensitive grids 7 are felt, for shape, the positions and dimensions for keeping each sensitive grid to fix；Substrate 1 is very thin, so as to by test specimen
It is quick that the strain on surface is accurately transfer to left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, the right side three
Feel grid 6 and right five sensitive grids 7.Substrate 1 can be glued membrane substrate, glass fabric substrates, asbestos base bottom, metallic substrates and interim base
Bottom.Generally with cohere, weld, substrate is fixed on the tested position of test block by the mode such as ceramic spraying.It can be also printed in substrate 1
Some are used for the lines of foil gauge positioning.
Cover plate is made of materials such as paper or glue, be covered in left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, in
In right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6, right five sensitive grids 7 and substrate 1, play the protective layer of protection against the tide, corrosion protection, loss prevention etc..
Pin 8 is used to connect sensitive grid and measuring circuit, left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, in
Right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and right five sensitive grids 7 respectively have two pins 8, pair with foil and membrane type foil gauge, pin 8 with
Its sensitive grid 2 of a left side five connected, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and the right side five are quick
Sense grid 7 combine as a whole.Two pins of left five sensitive grids 2 are 8-1 and 8-2, and two pins of left three sensitive grids 3 are 8-3 and 8-
4, two pins of middle left sensitive grid 4 are 8-5 and 8-6, and two pins of middle right sensitive grid 5 are 8-7 and 8-8, right three sensitive grids 6
Two pins be 8-9 and 8-10, two pins of right five sensitive grids 7 are 8-11 and 8-12.Pin 8-1 and 8-2 are respectively positioned on
The right side of left five sensitive grids 2, it is therefore an objective to reduce the distance that left five sensitive grids 2 arrive foil gauge left side edge；Pin 8-11 and 8-12
It is respectively positioned on the left side of right five sensitive grids 7, it is therefore an objective to reduce the distance that right five sensitive grids 7 arrive foil gauge right side edge.
Left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and the right side five are sensitive
Grid 7 can be wire form, foil, diaphragm type, thick-film type according to its metal sensitive material and the difference of processing technology.No matter which kind of
Left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, the thickness of five sensitive grids 7 of middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and the right side
Spend equal very little so that left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and the right side
The axial length of five sensitive grids 7 depends on the deformation of workpiece with it and changed.It is of the invention basic it is critical that Zuo Wumin
Matching somebody with somebody between sense grid 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and right five sensitive grids 7
Close, there are following main points：
First, six sensitive grids are arranged in substrate, are referred to as left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitivity
Grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and right five sensitive grids 7.
Second, left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and the right side
Five sensitive grids 7 can be divided into multiple sensitive segments 9 and multiple changeover portions 10, and each sensitive segment 9 is connected to form sensitivity by each changeover portion 10
Grid.Comparatively, sensitive segment 9 is elongated in shape, resistance is larger and its resistance is more sensitive to straining；The base of changeover portion 10
This be in tubbiness shape so that the resistance very little of the changeover portion and insensitive to strain, under working condition resistance variations close to
0, therefore the summation of sensitive segment resistance is essentially the all-in resistance of single sensitive grid.Fig. 2 is marked in more detail from apparent angle
Sensitive segment 9 and changeover portion 10.
3rd, the sensitive segment 9 of each sensitive grid is in elongated strip, and all cross section centres of form composition of each sensitive segment 9 is quick
Feel section axis, the axis of sensitive segment 9 is straight line section, the diameter parallel of each sensitive segment 9 and is generally aligned in the same plane.Each
Projection of shape of all cross sections of sensitive segment 9 along sensitive segment axis direction is consistent.Take the axis point midway of each sensitive segment
And the nominal particle of place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is common
The centroid position of formation is the center of sensitive grid.
4th, left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and the right side
The sensitive segment total length of five sensitive grids 7 is in 5：3：8：8：3：5 proportionate relationship, left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, a middle left side
Sensitive grid 4, the sensitive segment all-in resistance of five sensitive grids 7 of middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and the right side are in 5：3：8：8： 3：5 ratio
Example relation, left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and the right side five are sensitive
The all-in resistance changing value of the sensitive segment of grid 7 sensitive segment under identical strain is also in 5：3：8：8：3：5 proportionate relationship.Accordingly,
Three sensitive grids 6 of the sensitive grid 2 of a series connection left side five and the right side, middle left sensitive grid 4, left three sensitive grids 3 of series connection and right five sensitive grids 7, the middle right side are quick
Sense grid 5 just form four bridge arms of measuring bridge.
5th, overlook left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6
With right five sensitive grids 7, they are respectively provided with symmetry axis and symmetrical overlapping of axles (x-axis in Fig. 2), left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids
3rd, middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and 7 respective sensitive segment 9 of right five sensitive grid all with the symmetry axis
Parallel, the sensitive segment 9 of each sensitive grid is distributed on this axial symmetry.Therefore, it can be said that left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3,
Middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and the sensitive grid 7 of the right side five are coaxial, that is, detect equidirectional strain and a left side
Five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, the center of five sensitive grids 7 of middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and the right side
In x-axis, there is axial deviation at their center without lateral deviation for position.According to the top view of foil gauge in Fig. 2, Zuo Wumin
The sensitive segment 9 of sense grid 2 has lateral symmetry axle yL5, the center of left five sensitive grids 2 is in x-axis and yL5The intersection point of axle, left three sensitive grids 3
Sensitive segment 9 have lateral symmetry axle yL3, the center of left three sensitive grids 2 is in x-axis and yL3The intersection point of axle, the sensitivity of middle left sensitive grid 4
Section 9 has lateral symmetry axle yML, the center of middle left sensitive grid 4 is in x-axis and yMLThe intersection point of axle, the sensitive segment 9 of middle right sensitive grid 5 have
Lateral symmetry axle yMR, the center of middle right sensitive grid 5 is in x-axis and yMRThe intersection point of axle, the sensitive segment 9 of right three sensitive grids 6 have transverse direction
Symmetry axis yR3, the center of right three sensitive grids 6 is in x-axis and yR3The intersection point of axle, the sensitive segment 9 of right five sensitive grids 7 have lateral symmetry axle
yR5, the center of right five sensitive grids 7 is in x-axis and yR5The intersection point of axle.
6th, distance is Δ x between the left center of five sensitive grids 2 and the center of middle left sensitive grid 41, middle left sensitive grid 4
Distance is Δ x between center and the center of right three sensitive grids 61；Left three sensitive grid centers 3 with the center of middle right sensitive grid 5 it
Between distance be Δ x1, distance is Δ x between the center of middle right sensitive grid 5 and the center of right five sensitive grids 71；Left five sensitive grids 2
The distance at center and the center of left three sensitive grids 3 is Δ x2, the center of the center of middle left sensitive grid 4 and middle right sensitive grid 5 away from
From for Δ x2, distance is Δ x between the center of right three sensitive grids 6 and the center of right five sensitive grids 72, as shown in Figure 2.By Fig. 2 institutes
Show, each sensitive segment axis is determined in plane, is in interdigital arrangement between the left side five sensitive grids 2 of a left side and left three sensitive grids 3, in middle part
It is in interdigital arrangement between left sensitive grid 4 and middle right sensitive grid 5, in interdigital between the right three sensitive grids 6 of the right side and right five sensitive grids 7
Arrangement, without the interdigital arrangement between other sensitive grids.The interdigital arrangement refers to：Where the axis of each sensitive segment 9 of two sensitive grids
In plane, in the sensitive segment distribution straggly with two sensitive grids in sensitive segment axis vertical direction, to two sensitive grid in this direction
The order that occurs respectively of sensitive segment and number be not limited.Due to left five sensitive grids 2, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4,
The relative position of middle right sensitive grid 5, right three sensitive grids 6 and right five sensitive grids 7 is ensured by quite accurate by foil gauge production technology
Ground secures, and this is also one of key that the present invention can detect the axial partial derivative of workpiece strain.
In summary, left five sensitive grids 2 of the present invention, left three sensitive grids 3, middle left sensitive grid 4, middle right sensitive grid 5, the right side three are quick
The all-in resistance changing value for feeling sensitive segment sensitive segment under identical strain of grid 6 and right five sensitive grids 7 is also in 5：3：8：8：3：5
Proportionate relationship, each sensitive grid central cross zero deflection, axially there are deviation, center and the middle left sensitive grid 4 of left five sensitive grids 2
Distance is Δ x between center1, distance is Δ x between the center of middle left sensitive grid 4 and the center of right three sensitive grids 61；A left side three is sensitive
The distance between the center of middle right sensitive grid 5 at grid center 3 is Δ x1, the center of middle right sensitive grid 5 with right five sensitive grids 7
Distance is Δ x between the heart1；The distance at the center of left five sensitive grids 2 and the center of left three sensitive grids 3 is Δ x2, middle left sensitive grid 4
The distance at center of center and middle right sensitive grid 5 be Δ x2, the centers of the center of right three sensitive grids 6 and right five sensitive grids 7 it
Between distance be Δ x2。
It is R to make the resistance of three sensitive grid of free state bottom left 3L0, the middle right resistance of sensitive grid 5 is RM0, the right resistance of five sensitive grid 7
For RR0, should there is RL0+RR0=RM0=R0.When the foil gauge of the present invention is placed in into certain surface strain, the left resistance of three sensitive grid 3
For R0+ΔRL, the middle resistance of sensitive grid 4 is R0+ΔRM0, the right resistance of five sensitive grid 7 is R0+ΔRR；On the other hand, left three sensitive grids 3
And the center of right five sensitive grids 7 is located at x-axis and y in Fig. 2 respectivelyLIntersection point and x-axis and yRIntersection point, at a distance of 2 Δs on axial direction
x1.IfFor the right central right Δ x of five sensitive grid 71Place, that is, x-axis and y in Fig. 2ORIntersection point, using sensitive gate resistance with
The relation of surface strain and the formula (3) of numerical differentiation have：
Wherein εLFor the strain at the left center of three sensitive grid 3, εMFor the strain at the middle right center of sensitive grid 5, εRIt is quick for the right side five
Feel the strain at the center of grid 7.This is the principle that the present embodiment measurement surface strains axial local derviation.Pay special attention to, above formula is counted
The numerical differentiation of calculation is the right center Δ x in outside to the right of five sensitive grid 71The strain axial direction single order local derviation of position, the position are strain
The right side edge of piece has even on the outside of edge and is easy to measurement workpiece corner, edge etc. to have size limit to foil gauge
The advantage of the axial single order local derviation at position processed.With reference to Fig. 2, the pin 8-11 and 8-12 of right five sensitive grids 7 are arranged in the sensitivity of the right side five
The left side of grid 7, its purpose is to reduce the right center of five sensitive grid 7 as far as possible to the distance of foil gauge right side edge, in order to enter one
Step plays above-mentioned advantage.Equally, left five sensitive grids 2, middle left sensitive grid 4 and right three sensitive grids 6 can coordinate left five sensitive grids 2 of calculating
Center Δ x in outside to the left1The strain axial direction first-order partial derivative of position, the position are located at x-axis and y in Fig. 2OLIntersection point；Pass through contracting
The length of the sensitive segment 9 of short left five sensitive grid 2 increases the density arranged in transverse direction, and by the pin arrangement of left five sensitive grids 2 with
The right side of the sensitive grid, the left center of five sensitive grid 2 is reduced as far as possible to the distance of foil gauge left side edge.Above-mentioned right five sensitive grid 7
Center Δ x in outside to the right1The strain axial direction of the axial single order local derviation of strain and the left center of five sensitive grid 2 outer fix to the left of position
First-order partial derivative can measure simultaneously.
Electric bridge is coordinated to can be used for measuring strain, strain axial single order local derviation the present embodiment, it is assumed that bridge input voltage is
ui, output voltage uo, the schematic diagram of measuring bridge is shown in Fig. 3.When without workpiece effects of strain, each arm resistance of electric bridge is according to up time
Pin direction is respectively labeled as R1、R2、 R3、R4, in the also electric bridge where these sign flag resistance in the case of will not obscuring.Often
The sensitive grid or resistance of foil gauge can be laid on individual electric bridge.It is identical with general foil gauge arrangement, if in multiple bridge arms
Upper placement sensitive grid, the requirement of order, strain difinite quality to each installation position.During without workpiece effects of strain, the output of electric bridge
Voltage equation is
Now, it is desirable to bridge balance i.e. uo=0, then it must is fulfilled for so-called bridge balance condition R1R3-R2R4=0,
The electric bridge of use further meets
R1=R2=R3=R4, (6)
Since first, when meeting condition (6), according to relevant theoretical foil gauge sensitivity highest；Second, measuring strain or
The method that person strains axial local derviation is required to condition (6) establishment.When foil gauge also strains with external world's strain, above-mentioned electric bridge
Equilibrium condition is typically no longer set up, now
Due to Δ Ri＜ ＜ RiFirst ≈ of (i=1,2,3,4) event is set up, and second ≈ works as Δ R1-ΔR2With Δ R3-ΔR4
Jack per line or contrary sign but | Δ R1-ΔR2| with | Δ R3-ΔR4| not in close proximity to when set up, the reasonable selection foil gauge in engineering
Installation position can be realized completely.It is generally available the voltage measurement strain of formula (7) acquisition；Can convolution to straining axial local derviation
(4) and formula (7), reasonable design arrange each bridge arm sensitive grid and resistance, such as bridge arm R1Right sensitive grid 5, bridge arm R in arrangement2String
The sensitive grid 7 of the connection arrangement right side five and left three sensitive grids 3, remaining bridge arm configuration substitutional resistance, it can obtain inclined with the right center of five sensitive grid 7
Right outside Δ x1Place strains the linear magnitude of voltage u of axial single order local derviationo, the voltage is that small-signal need to be amplified.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. axially distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, three interdigital metal strain plate, including substrate, it is characterised in that：The metal should Becoming piece also includes six sensitive grids, and the both ends of each sensitive grid connect a pin, described six are fixed in the substrate respectively Sensitive grid；Each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and the both ends of the sensitive segment are changeover portion, and the sensitive segment is in elongate strip Shape, the changeover portion are in tubbiness shape, and the resistance of the sensitive segment is much larger than the resistance of the changeover portion, institute under same strain state The increased resistance value for stating sensitive segment is much larger than the increased resistance value of the changeover portion, the increased resistance value of the changeover portion close to 0；All cross section centres of form of each sensitive segment form sensitive segment axis, and the sensitive segment axis is straight line section, and described six The diameter parallel of each sensitive segment and it is generally aligned in the same plane in individual sensitive grid, sensitive segment axis determined in plane, along described Sensitive segment axis direction is axially, with axially vertical direction for laterally；It is equal to there is its both sides resistance value on each sensitive segment A cross section, take the cross-section centroid position and using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass formed where sensitive segment name Particle, the centroid position that the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is collectively forming are the center of sensitive grid；Zero deflection in the horizontal between six sensitive grid centers, there is deviation in the axial direction；Six sensitive grids press sensitive grid centre bit The order put, it is followed successively by left five sensitive grids, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitive grid, the right side three from left to right vertically Sensitive grid and right five sensitive grids；Distance is Δ x between left five sensitive grid centers and middle left sensitive grid center1, in middle left sensitive grid Distance is also Δ x between the heart and right three sensitive grid centers1；Distance is Δ between left three sensitive grid centers and middle right sensitive grid center x1, distance is also Δ x between middle right sensitive grid center and right five sensitive grid centers1；In left five sensitive grid centers and left three sensitive grids The distance of the heart is Δ x2, the distance at middle left sensitive grid center and middle right sensitive grid center is Δ x2, right three sensitive grid centers and right five Distance is Δ x between sensitive grid center2；Each sensitive segment axis determined in plane, is in interdigital arrangement between the left side five sensitive grids of a left side and left three sensitive grids, in middle part It is in interdigital arrangement between left sensitive grid and middle right sensitive grid, is in interdigital arrangement between the right five sensitive grids of the right side and right three sensitive grids, Without the interdigital arrangement between other sensitive grids；Left five sensitive grids, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, the sensitivity of five sensitive grids of middle right sensitive grid, right three sensitive grids and the right side Section all-in resistance is in 5：3：8：8：3：5 proportionate relationship, left five sensitive grids, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitive grid, The sensitive segment of right three sensitive grids and right five sensitive grids all-in resistance changing value of sensitive segment under identical strain is also in 5：3：8：8： 3：5 proportionate relationship.
- 2. axially distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, three interdigital metal strain plate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is each quick It is consistent to feel all shape of cross section sizes of section, takes the axis point midway of each sensitive segment and is run after fame with the sensitive segment resistance value The nominal particle of sensitive segment where adopted quality is formed, left five sensitive grid, left three sensitive grids, middle left sensitive grid, middle right sensitivity The sensitive segment total length of grid, right three sensitive grids and right five sensitive grids is in 5：3：8：8：3：5 proportionate relationship.
- 3. axially distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, three interdigital metal strain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Institute Two pins for stating left five sensitive grids are respectively positioned on the right side of the sensitive grid, and two pins of right five sensitive grids are respectively positioned on the sensitivity A left side for grid.
- 4. axially distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, three interdigital metal strain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Institute Stating metal strain plate also includes cover plate, and the cover plate is covered in the sensitive grid and substrate.
- 5. axially distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, three interdigital metal strain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Institute It is wire form, foil, diaphragm type or thick-film type sensitive grid to state sensitive grid.
- 6. axially distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, three interdigital metal strain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Institute It is glued membrane substrate, glass fabric substrates, asbestos base bottom, metallic substrates or temporary substrate to state substrate.
- 7. axially distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, three interdigital metal strain plate as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Institute Six sensitive grids are stated to be arranged in substrate in left, center, right.
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| DE10260577A1 (en) * | 2002-12-21 | 2004-07-08 | Gwt Global Weighing Technologies Gmbh | Strain gauge for load cell, has resistance tracks, whose thickness can be altered e.g. by etching or abrasive techniques |
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| WO2011163442A1 (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2011-12-29 | Vishay Precision Group, Inc. | Strain gage resistance calibration using shunts |
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| CN105066870A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Axial deviation full-bridge double-interdigital metal strain sheet capable of measuring surface strain axial partial derivative |
| CN105066871A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Axial deviation full-bridge full-interdigital metal strain sheet capable of measuring surface strain axial partial derivative |
| CN105066869A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Transverse deviation double sensitive gate interdigital metal strain sheet capable of measuring surface strain transverse partial derivative |
| CN105091731A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-25 | 浙江工业大学 | Axial deviation double-sensitive grid interdigital metal strain plate capable of measuring axial deviation of surface strain |
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2015
- 2015-12-04 CN CN201510882140.0A patent/CN105318825B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10260577A1 (en) * | 2002-12-21 | 2004-07-08 | Gwt Global Weighing Technologies Gmbh | Strain gauge for load cell, has resistance tracks, whose thickness can be altered e.g. by etching or abrasive techniques |
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| WO2011163442A1 (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2011-12-29 | Vishay Precision Group, Inc. | Strain gage resistance calibration using shunts |
| CN105004262A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-10-28 | 浙江工业大学 | Lateral deviation full-bridge double-interdigital metal strain gauge capable of measuring surface strain lateral partial derivatives |
| CN105066870A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Axial deviation full-bridge double-interdigital metal strain sheet capable of measuring surface strain axial partial derivative |
| CN105066871A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Axial deviation full-bridge full-interdigital metal strain sheet capable of measuring surface strain axial partial derivative |
| CN105066869A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Transverse deviation double sensitive gate interdigital metal strain sheet capable of measuring surface strain transverse partial derivative |
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| CN105318825A (en) | 2016-02-10 |
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Effective date of registration: 20210108 Address after: Unit 2414-2416, main building, no.371, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd. Address before: 310014 Zhejiang University of Technology, 18 Zhaowang Road, Zhaohui six District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Patentee before: ZHEJIANG University OF TECHNOLOGY Effective date of registration: 20210108 Address after: 264010 Room 309, No.3 workshop, No.32 Zhujiang Road, Yantai Economic and Technological Development Zone, Shandong Province Patentee after: Shandong erwan ocean Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Unit 2414-2416, main building, no.371, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd. |
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