CN105423896B - The sensitive grid full-bridge of lateral deviation six of horizontal local derviation mixes interdigital metal strain plate outside measurable bilateral piece - Google Patents
The sensitive grid full-bridge of lateral deviation six of horizontal local derviation mixes interdigital metal strain plate outside measurable bilateral piece Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
Abstract
The sensitive grid full-bridge of lateral deviation six of horizontal local derviation mixes interdigital metal strain plate outside a kind of measurable bilateral piece, including substrate and six sensitive grids being fixed thereon, each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, the axis of all sensitive segments is in coplanar straight line, in the plane in the axial direction i.e. axially, with axially vertical for transverse direction；Each central axial upper zero deflection of sensitive grid, upper transverse portion point have deviation；Each sensitive grid presses the order of sensitive grid center, transversely upper seven sensitive grid and upper five sensitive grid before this from top to bottom, and secondary is middle first sensitive grid and middle second sensitive grid, and end is lower five sensitive grid and lower seven sensitive grid；Upper four, lower four sensitive grids be in interdigital arrangement respectively；Each sensitive grid all-in resistance changing value ratio under same strain is 7：5：12：12：5：7.The present invention can measure seven sensitive grids simultaneously, the lower seven upper and lower outsides in sensitive grid center to center spacing is equal to horizontal single order local derviation of the center at lower five, upper five sensitive grids center spacing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sensor field, especially a kind of metal strain plate.
Background technology
The operation principle of metal resistance strain gauge is resistance strain effect, i.e. wire is in effect strained, its electricity
Resistance occurs to change accordingly with the size of mechanically deform occurred (stretching or compression).The theoretical formula of resistance strain effect
It is as follows:
Wherein R is its resistance value, and ρ is metal material resistivity, and L is metal material length, and S is metal material sectional area.
Wire is bearing to strain during mechanically deform occurs, and ρ, L, S will change, so as to cause gold
Belong to the change of material resistance value.When metal material is stretched, length increase, sectional area reduces, resistance value increase；When compressed
When, length reduces, and sectional area increase, resistance value reduces.Therefore, as long as the change of resistance value can be measured, wire can be known
Strained situation.Metal material resistance change rate formula can be exported by relevant knowledges such as formula (1) and the mechanics of materials
Wherein Δ R is resistance variation amount, and Δ L is the change of metal material length on pulling force or pressure action direction
Amount, ε are that the strain in same direction is usually referred to as axial strain, and K is metal material ga(u)ge factor.
In actual applications, metal resistance strain gauge is pasted onto to the table of Sensor Elastic Element or tested machine components
Face.When the flexible member in sensor or tested machine components are produced strain by active force, foil gauge thereon is pasted onto
Identical mechanically deform occurs therewith, causes strain sheet resistance that corresponding change occurs.At this moment, resistance strain gage is just by mechanical quantity
Be converted to the variable quantity output of resistance.
But we are also required to understand the partial derivative of workpiece strain sometimes, for example there are six kinds of occasions, but not limited to this below
Six, it is necessary to use workpiece surface strain partial derivative：
First, due to nearby occurring that strain is concentrated, and often occurs damaging it first as workpiece at workpiece shapes mutation
Place, the strain partial derivative near at shape mutation is monitored, can intuitively obtain strain intensity at this.
Second, largely existed by comer pieces in building, bridge, plant equipment, the relevant knowledge of the mechanics of materials is taught that, bending
The axial strain of beam surface is directly proportional to section turn moment, and the axial partial derivative of section turn moment is directly proportional to section shearing strain, that is,
Section shearing strain can be known by the axial partial derivative of surface axial strain, and the shearing strain can not use foil gauge in workpiece table
Face direct measurement arrives；
3rd, when applied elasticity research workpiece strains, internal strain is decided by partial differential equation, and equation solution needs
Boundary condition, and workpiece surface strain partial derivative is exactly one of boundary condition, this is that general foil gauge can not provide.
In addition, to some positions of workpiece, such as the position such as at the shaft shoulder, part edge, due to the mutation of geomery, its
Bigger change often accordingly be present in strain.However, just due to the mutation of geomery so that more difficult placement in general at this
Foil gauge is, it is necessary to the production of a kind of energy inclined edge of measuring strain piece even edge outer fix rather than center position strain local derviation
Product.It so just may be implemented in and avoid arranging foil gauge at a certain distance from the more difficult target measured point for laying foil gauge, and finally survey
Measure the strain local derviation at the target measured point.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that existing metal strain plate can not detect strain local derviation, the present invention provides one kind and can measured
The sensitive grid of lateral deviation six that horizontal local derviation outside the measurable bilateral piece of energy effective detection surface strain transverse direction local derviation should be changed is complete
Bridge mixes interdigital metal strain plate, particularly measure workpiece corner, edge etc. have to foil gauge size restriction site or other
The horizontal single order local derviation of foil gauge position should not be arranged.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
The sensitive grid full-bridge of lateral deviation six of horizontal local derviation mixes interdigital metal strain plate, bag outside a kind of measurable bilateral piece
Substrate is included, the metal strain plate also includes six sensitive grids, and the both ends of each sensitive grid connect a pin, the base respectively
Six sensitive grids are fixed on bottom；
Each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and the both ends of the sensitive segment are changeover portion, and the sensitive segment is in thin
Strip, the changeover portion are in tubbiness shape, and the resistance of the sensitive segment is much larger than the resistance of the changeover portion, same strain state
Under the increased resistance value of the sensitive segment be much larger than the increased resistance value of the changeover portion, the increased resistance value of the changeover portion connects
It is bordering on 0；
All cross section centres of form of each sensitive segment form sensitive segment axis, and the sensitive segment axis is straight line section, institute
In stating the diameter parallel of each sensitive segment in six sensitive grids and being generally aligned in the same plane, sensitive segment axis is determined in plane, edge
The sensitive segment axis direction is axially, with axially vertical direction for laterally；Its both sides resistance value be present on each sensitive segment
An equal cross section, take the cross-section centroid position and formed place sensitive segment by nominal mass of the sensitive segment resistance value
Nominal particle, the centroid position that the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is collectively forming are the center of sensitive grid；
, part deviation in the horizontal be present in six sensitive grid centers zero deflection in the axial direction；Each sensitive grid is pressed in sensitive grid
The order of heart position, it is upper seven sensitive grid and upper five sensitive grid first, followed by middle first sensitive grid is with transversely from top to bottom
Second sensitive grid, it is finally lower five sensitive grids and lower seven sensitive grid；Distance between upper seven sensitive grids center and upper five sensitive grids center
For 0, distance is Δ y between upper seven sensitive grids center and middle first sensitive grid center1, in middle first sensitive grid center and middle second sensitive grid
The distance of the heart is 0, and distance is also Δ y between middle first sensitive grid center and lower five sensitive grid centers1, lower five sensitive grid centers are with
Distance is 0 between seven sensitive grid centers, and each sensitive segment axis is determined in plane, and upper seven sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid, middle first are quick
It is in mutually interdigital arrangement to feel between grid and middle second sensitive grid, lower five sensitive grids, lower seven sensitive grids, middle first sensitive grid and middle second sensitive grid
Between be in mutually interdigital arrangement；
Upper seven sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, lower five sensitive grids and lower seven sensitive grids
Sensitive segment all-in resistance is in 7：5：12：12：5：7 proportionate relationship, upper seven sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second are quick
The all-in resistance changing value for feeling sensitive segment sensitive segment under identical strain of grid, lower five sensitive grids and lower seven sensitive grids is also in 7：5：
12：12：5：7 proportionate relationship.
Accordingly, upper seven sensitive grid of series connection and lower five sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid of series connection and lower seven sensitivity
Grid, middle second sensitive grid just form four bridge arms of measuring bridge.
Further, all shape of cross section sizes of each sensitive segment are consistent, take the axis point midway of each sensitive segment
And the nominal particle of place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, upper five sensitive grid, upper three sensitivity
Grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, the sensitive segment total length of lower three sensitive grids and lower five sensitive grids are in 7：5：12：12：5：7
Proportionate relationship.The program is a kind of scheme that can be selected, as long as to meet its both sides resistance value equal for the position of nominal particle
Cross section position of form center can or other positions.
Further, it is in mutually interdigital cloth between upper seven sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid, lower five sensitive grids and lower seven sensitive grids
Put, it is of course also possible to be in non-interdigital arrangement；The interdigital arrangement refers to：Two sensitive grids each sensitive segment axis institute in the plane,
In the sensitive segment distribution straggly with two sensitive grids in sensitive segment axis vertical direction, to the sensitive segment of two sensitive grids in this direction
The order and number occurred respectively is not limited.
Using the linear relationship between metal material increased resistance value and strain, this foil gauge is as common foil gauge
It can be used for measuring strain.On the other hand, according in numerical differentiation theory, (such as Yi Fengkang is compiled, National Defense Industry Press 1978
December in year publishes《Numerical computation method》Page 21 (1.4.11)-(1.4.14) formulas make equidistant interpolation analysis) on single order local derviation
Circular, the numerical computation method of f (x, y) y directions first-order partial derivative is as follows：
Wherein y1=y0+ h, y2=y1+ h, it is (x, y to pay special attention to above formula2+ 2h) position first-order partial derivative value formula, should
The smaller truncated error of formula is o (h2) be step-length square higher order indefinite small.Think sensitive grid as five in formula (2) engineering
Resistance change direct ratio and the strain at sensitive grid center, with reference to each sensitive gate resistance and the resistance change under same strain
Proportionate relationship, the resistance of upper seven sensitive grid and lower five sensitive grid and the resistance value for subtracting middle first sensitive grid, then except the above seven is quick
The distance for feeling grid center and lower five sensitive grids center is the horizontal single order numerical value local derviation of strain, be according to theoretical this of numerical differentiation on
The horizontal single order numerical value local derviation at 2h distances, h here arrive equal to upper seven sensitive grids center certainly upward at seven sensitive grid centers
The distance between middle first sensitive grid, therefore the horizontal single order local derviation surveyed outside usually foil gauge lower edge；Equally, lower seven is sensitive
The resistance of grid and upper five sensitive grid and the resistance value for subtracting middle second sensitive grid, then except following seven sensitive grids center and upper five sensitive grid
The distance at center is the horizontal single order numerical value local derviation of strain, is lower seven sensitive grid centers 2h downwards according to theoretical this of numerical differentiation
Horizontal single order numerical value local derviation at distance, h here are equal to lower seven sensitive grids center into middle sensitive grid between the second heart certainly
Distance, therefore the horizontal single order local derviation surveyed outside usually foil gauge lower edge.Therefore the advantage of the foil gauge is under thereon
The horizontal single order at the position that the general foil gauge such as the measurable workpiece corner in both sides, edge can not be measured due to size limitation is inclined
Lead.
In technique it should be noted that seven sensitive grids on keeping, on five sensitive grids, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, lower five quick
It is in 7 to feel the variable quantity of grid and lower seven sensitive grids changeover portion all-in resistance and changeover portion resistance under external strain：5：12：12：5：7
Proportionate relationship to heighten measurement accuracy, if the resistance of changeover portion and the lower resistance change of strain be can not ignore, can also make
Eliminated for systematic error in detection.
Further, the metal strain plate also includes cover plate, and the cover plate is covered in the sensitive grid and substrate.
Further, the sensitive grid is wire form, foil, diaphragm type or thick-film type sensitive grid.
Further, the substrate is glued membrane substrate, glass fabric substrates, asbestos base bottom, metallic substrates or temporary substrate.
Six sensitive grid upper, middle and lower are arranged in substrate.It is of course also possible to it is other arrangements.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in：It can detect simultaneously on seven sensitive grid centers at outside one and lower seven quick
The horizontal single order local derviation at outside one under grid centers is felt, wherein axial upper and upper seven sensitive grid in outside on upper seven sensitive grids center
Center zero deflection, the spacing in transverse direction at this with upper seven sensitive grids center are equal to lower five sensitive grids center and upper seven sensitive grids center
Spacing；Outside is axially upper with lower seven sensitive grids center zero deflection under lower seven sensitive grid centers, quick with lower seven at this in transverse direction
The spacing for feeling grid center is equal to the spacing at upper five sensitive grids center and lower seven sensitive grids center.Therefore the measurable corner of workpiece of the present invention
Fall, edge etc. has size restriction site to foil gauge or other should not arrange the horizontal single order local derviation of foil gauge position.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the sensitive grid full-bridge of lateral deviation six of horizontal local derviation outside measurable bilateral piece mixes interdigital metal strain plate
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is that the interdigital metal strain plate of the sensitive grid full-bridge of lateral deviation six mixing of horizontal local derviation outside measurable bilateral piece is bowed
View.
Fig. 3 is measuring bridge schematic diagram.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
1~Fig. 3 of reference picture, the sensitive grid full-bridge of lateral deviation six mixing of horizontal local derviation is interdigital outside a kind of measurable bilateral piece
Metal strain plate, including substrate, the metal strain plate also include six sensitive grids, and the both ends of each sensitive grid connect one respectively
Root pin, six sensitive grids are fixed in the substrate；
Each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and the both ends of the sensitive segment are changeover portion, and the sensitive segment is in thin
Strip, the changeover portion are in tubbiness shape, and the resistance of the sensitive segment is much larger than the resistance of the changeover portion, same strain state
Under the increased resistance value of the sensitive segment be much larger than the increased resistance value of the changeover portion, the increased resistance value of the changeover portion connects
It is bordering on 0；
All cross section centres of form of each sensitive segment form sensitive segment axis, and the sensitive segment axis is straight line section, institute
In stating the diameter parallel of each sensitive segment in six sensitive grids and being generally aligned in the same plane, sensitive segment axis is determined in plane, edge
The sensitive segment axis direction is axially, with axially vertical direction for laterally；Its both sides resistance value be present on each sensitive segment
An equal cross section, take the cross-section centroid position and formed place sensitive segment by nominal mass of the sensitive segment resistance value
Nominal particle, the centroid position that the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is collectively forming are the center of sensitive grid；
, part deviation in the horizontal be present in six sensitive grid centers zero deflection in the axial direction；Each sensitive grid is pressed in sensitive grid
The order of heart position, it is upper seven sensitive grid and upper five sensitive grid first, followed by middle first sensitive grid is with transversely from top to bottom
Second sensitive grid, it is finally lower five sensitive grids and lower seven sensitive grid；Distance between upper seven sensitive grids center and upper five sensitive grids center
For 0, distance is Δ y between upper seven sensitive grids center and middle first sensitive grid center1, in middle first sensitive grid center and middle second sensitive grid
The distance of the heart is 0, and distance is also Δ y between middle first sensitive grid center and lower five sensitive grid centers1, lower five sensitive grid centers are with
Distance is 0 between seven sensitive grid centers, and each sensitive segment axis is determined in plane, and upper seven sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid, middle first are quick
It is in mutually interdigital arrangement to feel between grid and middle second sensitive grid, lower five sensitive grids, lower seven sensitive grids, middle first sensitive grid and middle second sensitive grid
Between be in mutually interdigital arrangement；
Upper seven sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, lower five sensitive grids and lower seven sensitive grids
Sensitive segment all-in resistance is in 7：5：12：12：5：7 proportionate relationship, upper seven sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second are quick
The all-in resistance changing value for feeling sensitive segment sensitive segment under identical strain of grid, lower five sensitive grids and lower seven sensitive grids is also in 7：5：
12：12：5：7 proportionate relationship.
Accordingly, upper seven sensitive grid of series connection and lower five sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid of series connection and lower seven sensitivity
Grid, middle second sensitive grid just form four bridge arms of measuring bridge.
Further, all shape of cross section sizes of each sensitive segment are consistent, take the axis point midway of each sensitive segment
And the nominal particle of place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, upper five sensitive grid, upper three sensitivity
Grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, the sensitive segment total length of lower three sensitive grids and lower five sensitive grids are in 7：5：12：12：5：7
Proportionate relationship.The program is a kind of scheme that can be selected, as long as to meet its both sides resistance value equal for the position of nominal particle
Cross section position of form center can or other positions.
Further, upper seven sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid, lower five sensitive grids and lower seven sensitive grids are in mutually interdigital arrangement, when
So, it can also be in non-interdigital arrangement；The interdigital arrangement refers to：Two sensitive grids each sensitive segment axis institute in the plane, with
The sensitive segment distribution straggly of two sensitive grids in sensitive segment axis vertical direction, the sensitive segment of two sensitive grids in this direction is distinguished
The order and number of appearance are not limited.
The sensitive grid full-bridge of lateral deviation six of horizontal local derviation mixes interdigital metal and answered outside the measurable bilateral piece of the present embodiment
Become piece, including substrate 1, the metal strain plate also include six sensitive grids, the both ends of each sensitive grid connect one and drawn respectively
Pin, six sensitive grids are fixed in the substrate 1.
Seven sensitive grids 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five quick can be fixed on substrate 1
Grid 6 and lower seven sensitive grid 7 are felt, for shape, the positions and dimensions for keeping each sensitive grid to fix；Substrate 1 is very thin, so as to by test specimen
The strain on surface is accurately transfer to seven sensitive grids 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five quick
Feel grid 6 and lower seven sensitive grid 7.Substrate 1 can be glued membrane substrate, glass fabric substrates, asbestos base bottom, metallic substrates and interim base
Bottom.Generally with cohere, weld, substrate is fixed on the tested position of test block by the mode such as ceramic spraying.It can be also printed in substrate 1
Some are used for the lines of foil gauge positioning.
Cover plate is made of materials such as paper or glue, be covered in seven sensitive grids 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, in
On second sensitive grid 5, down five sensitive grids 6, lower seven sensitive grids 7 and substrate 1, play the protective layer of protection against the tide, corrosion protection, loss prevention etc..
Pin 8 is used to connect sensitive grid and measuring circuit, upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, in
Second sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6 and lower seven sensitive grids 7 respectively have two pins 8, pair with foil and membrane type foil gauge, pin 8 with
Its upper seven sensitive grid 2 connected, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6 and lower seven quick
Sense grid 7 combine as a whole.Two pins of upper seven sensitive grid 2 are 8-1 and 8-2, and two pins of upper five sensitive grid 3 are 8-3 and 8-
4, two pins of middle first sensitive grid 4 are 8-5 and 8-6, and two pins of middle second sensitive grid 5 are 8-7 and 8-8, lower five sensitive grids 6
Two pins be 8-9 and 8-10, two pins of lower seven sensitive grids 7 are 8-11 and 8-12.
Upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6 and lower seven sensitivity
Grid 7 can be wire form, foil, diaphragm type, thick-film type according to its metal sensitive material and the difference of processing technology.No matter which kind of
Upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, down middle second sensitive grid 5, the thickness of five sensitive grids 6 and lower seven sensitive grids 7
Spend equal very little so that upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6 and under
The axial length of seven sensitive grids 7 depends on the deformation of workpiece with it and changed.It is of the invention basic it is critical that upper seven is quick
Feel the cooperation between grid 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6 and lower seven sensitive grids 7,
There are following main points：
First, six sensitive grids are arranged in substrate, it is sensitive to be referred to as seven sensitive grids 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first
Grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6 and lower seven sensitive grids 7.
Second, upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6 and under
Seven sensitive grids 7 can be divided into sensitive segment 9 and changeover portion 10, and the connection of each sensitive segment 9 is formed sensitive grid by each changeover portion 10.Compare and
Speech, sensitive segment 9 is elongated in shape, and resistance is larger and its resistance is more sensitive to straining；The changeover portion 10 is in tubbiness shape substantially,
So that the resistance very little of the changeover portion and insensitive to straining, resistance variations are close to 0 under working condition, therefore sensitive segment
The summation of resistance is essentially the all-in resistance of single sensitive grid.Fig. 2 has marked sensitive segment 9 and mistake in more detail from apparent angle
Cross section 10.
3rd, the sensitive segment 9 of each sensitive grid is in elongated strip, and all cross section centres of form composition of each sensitive segment 9 is quick
Feel section axis, the axis of sensitive segment 9 is straight line section, the diameter parallel of each sensitive segment 9 and is generally aligned in the same plane.Each
Projection of shape of all cross sections of sensitive segment 9 along sensitive segment axis direction is consistent.Take the axis point midway of each sensitive segment
And the nominal particle of place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is common
The centroid position of formation is the center of sensitive grid.
4th, upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6 and under
The total length of sensitive segment 9 of seven sensitive grids 7 is in 7：5：12：12：5：7 proportionate relationship, upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, in
First sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, the all-in resistance of sensitive segment 9 of five sensitive grids 6 and lower seven sensitive grids 7 is in 7 down：5：12：12：5：7
Proportionate relationship, upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6 and lower seven
The all-in resistance changing value of the sensitive segment 9 of sensitive grid 7 sensitive segment under identical strain is also in 7：5：12：12：5：7 ratio is closed
System.Accordingly, upper seven sensitive grid 2 of series connection and lower five sensitive grid 6, middle first sensitive grid 4, upper five sensitive grid 3 of series connection and lower seven sensitive grids
7th, middle second sensitive grid 5 just forms four bridge arms of measuring bridge.
5th, overlook upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6
With lower seven sensitive grid 7, they are respectively provided with symmetry axis and symmetrical overlapping of axles (y-axis in Fig. 2), upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitive grid
3rd, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6 and 7 respective sensitive segment 9 of lower seven sensitive grid all with the symmetry axis
Vertically, and each sensitive grid sensitive segment 9 on this axial symmetry be distributed.Therefore, it can be said that upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitivity
Grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6 and the lower center of seven sensitive grid 7 on the y axis, they
, part deviation in the horizontal be present in center zero deflection in the axial direction.According to the top view of foil gauge in Fig. 2, the upper He of seven sensitive grid 2
The sensitive segment 9 of upper five sensitive grid 3 has axially symmetric axle xU, the center of upper seven sensitive grid 2 and upper five sensitive grid 3 is in y-axis and xUAxle
The sensitive segment 9 of intersection point, middle first sensitive grid 4 and middle second sensitive grid 5 has axially symmetric axle x, middle first sensitive grid 4 and middle second sensitive grid 5
Center in the intersection point of y-axis and x-axis, the sensitive segment 9 of lower five sensitive grids 6 and lower seven sensitive grid 7 has axially symmetric axle xL, lower five is quick
The center of grid 6 and lower seven sensitive grid 7 is felt in y-axis and xLThe intersection point of axle.
6th, distance is 0 between the center of upper seven sensitive grid 2 and the center of upper five sensitive grid 3, in upper seven sensitive grid 2
Distance is Δ y between the center of the heart and middle first sensitive grid 41, the center of the center of middle first sensitive grid 4 and middle second sensitive grid 5 away from
From for 0, distance is also Δ y between the center of the center of middle first sensitive grid 4 and lower five sensitive grids 61, the center of lower five sensitive grids 6
Distance is 0 between the center of lower seven sensitive grid 7, as shown in Figure 2.Each sensitive segment axis determined in plane, upper seven sensitive grid
2nd, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4 and middle second sensitive grid 5 are in interdigital arrangement, lower five sensitive grids 6, lower seven sensitive grids 7, middle first
Sensitive grid 4 and middle second sensitive grid 5 are in interdigital arrangement, upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, descend five sensitive grids 6, lower seven sensitive grids
7 can be in interdigital arrangement or non-interdigital arrangement；The interdigital arrangement refers to：Plane where each sensitive segment axis of two sensitive grids
On, in the sensitive segment distribution straggly with two sensitive grids in sensitive segment axis vertical direction, to the quick of two sensitive grids in this direction
The order and number that sense section occurs respectively are not limited.Due to upper seven sensitive grid 2, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second
The relative position of sensitive grid 5, lower five sensitive grids 6 and lower seven sensitive grids 7 is ensured by relatively accurately solid by foil gauge production technology
Fixed, this is also one of key that the present invention can detect the horizontal partial derivative of workpiece strain.
In summary, upper seven sensitive grid 2 of the present invention, upper five sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, descend it is five quick
It is in 7 to feel grid 6 and lower seven sensitive grid 7 increased resistance value under same strain：5：12：12：5：7 proportionate relationship；In each sensitive grid
, part deviation in the horizontal be present in heart zero deflection in the axial direction；The center of upper seven sensitive grid 2 and the center of upper five sensitive grid 3 it
Between distance be 0, distance is Δ y between the center of upper seven sensitive grid 2 and the center of middle first sensitive grid 41, in middle first sensitive grid 4
The distance at the heart and the center of middle second sensitive grid 5 is 0, distance between the center of the center of middle first sensitive grid 4 and lower five sensitive grids 6
For Δ y1, distance is 0 between the center of lower five sensitive grids 6 and the center of lower seven sensitive grids 7.
It is R to make the upper resistance of five sensitive grid 3 under free stateU0, the middle resistance of second sensitive grid 5 is RM0, the lower resistance of seven sensitive grid 7
For RL0, should there is RU0+RL0=RM0=R0.When the foil gauge of the present invention is placed in into certain surface strain, the upper resistance of five sensitive grid 3
For R0+ΔRU, the middle resistance of second sensitive grid 5 is R0+ΔRM, the lower resistance of seven sensitive grid 7 is R0+ΔRL；On the other hand, upper five sensitive grid
3 and lower seven sensitive grids 7 center in the horizontal at a distance of 2 Δ y1.Utilize sensitive gate resistance and the relation and number of surface strain
The formula (3) of value differential has：
WhereinFor the lower Δ y of seven sensitive grids, 7 central lower 21Y-axis and x in position, that is, Fig. 2OLIntersection point, εUTo be upper
Strain at the center of five sensitive grid 3, εMFor the strain at the middle center of second sensitive grid 5, εLFor the strain at the lower center of seven sensitive grid 6.
This is the principle that the present embodiment measurement surface strains horizontal local derviation.Pay special attention to, the numerical differentiation that above formula is calculated is lower seven
The Δ y of 7 central lower of sensitive grid 21The strain transverse direction single order local derviation at place, the position are foil gauge lower edge outside, therefore with just
There is the advantage of the horizontal single order local derviation of size restriction site to foil gauge in measurement workpiece corner, edge etc..Also with
Upper seven sensitive grid 2, middle first sensitive grid 4 and lower five sensitive grids 6, can also measure the Δ y of seven sensitive grids, 2 overcentre 21Place,
It is exactly y-axis and x in Fig. 2OUIntersection point, strain transverse direction single order local derviation.The Δ y of 7 central lower of above-mentioned lower seven sensitive grid 21Place is answered
Become horizontal single order local derviation and the upper Δ y of seven sensitive grids, 2 overcentre 21The strain transverse direction first-order partial derivative at place can measure simultaneously.
Electric bridge is coordinated to can be used for measuring strain, strain horizontal single order local derviation the present embodiment, it is assumed that bridge input voltage is
ui, output voltage uo, the schematic diagram of measuring bridge is shown in Fig. 3.When without workpiece effects of strain, each arm resistance of electric bridge is according to up time
Pin direction is respectively labeled as R1、R2、R3、R4, in the also electric bridge where these sign flag resistance in the case of will not obscuring.Often
The sensitive grid or resistance of foil gauge can be laid on individual electric bridge.It is identical with general foil gauge arrangement, if in multiple bridge arms
Upper placement sensitive grid, the requirement of order, strain difinite quality to each installation position.During without workpiece effects of strain, the output of electric bridge
Voltage equation is
Now, it is desirable to bridge balance i.e. uo=0, then it must is fulfilled for so-called bridge balance condition R1R3-R2R4=0,
The electric bridge of use further meets
R1=R2=R3=R4, (6)
Since first, when meeting condition (6), according to relevant theoretical foil gauge sensitivity highest；Second, measuring strain or
The method that person strains horizontal local derviation is required to condition (6) establishment.When foil gauge also strains with external world's strain, above-mentioned electric bridge
Equilibrium condition is typically no longer set up, now
Due to Δ Ri＜ ＜ RiFirst ≈ of (i=1,2,3,4) event is set up, and second ≈ works as Δ R1-ΔR2With Δ R3-ΔR4
Jack per line or contrary sign but | Δ R1-ΔR2| with | Δ R3-ΔR4| not in close proximity to when set up, the reasonable selection foil gauge in engineering
Installation position can be realized completely.It is generally available the voltage measurement strain of formula (7) acquisition；Can convolution to straining horizontal local derviation
(4) and formula (7), reasonable design arrange each bridge arm sensitive grid and resistance, such as bridge arm R1Second sensitive grid 5 in arrangement, bridge arm R2String
Connection arranges upper five sensitive grid 3 and lower seven sensitive grid 7, and remaining bridge arm configures substitutional resistance, can obtain with the lower center of seven sensitive grid 7
2 Δ y of side1Place strains the linear magnitude of voltage u of horizontal single order local derviationo, the voltage is that small-signal need to be amplified.
Claims (6)
1. the sensitive grid full-bridge of lateral deviation six of horizontal local derviation mixes interdigital metal strain plate outside a kind of measurable bilateral piece, including
Substrate, it is characterised in that：The metal strain plate also includes six sensitive grids, and the both ends of each sensitive grid connect one and drawn respectively
Pin, six sensitive grids are fixed in the substrate；
Each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and the both ends of the sensitive segment are changeover portion, and the sensitive segment is in elongate strip
Shape, the changeover portion are in tubbiness shape, and the resistance of the sensitive segment is much larger than the resistance of the changeover portion, institute under same strain state
The increased resistance value for stating sensitive segment is much larger than the increased resistance value of the changeover portion, the increased resistance value of the changeover portion close to
0；
All cross section centres of form of each sensitive segment form sensitive segment axis, and the sensitive segment axis is straight line section, and described six
The diameter parallel of each sensitive segment and it is generally aligned in the same plane in individual sensitive grid, sensitive segment axis determined in plane, along described
Sensitive segment axis direction is axially, with axially vertical direction for laterally；It is equal to there is its both sides resistance value on each sensitive segment
A cross section, take the cross-section centroid position and using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass formed where sensitive segment name
Particle, the centroid position that the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is collectively forming are the center of sensitive grid；
, part deviation in the horizontal be present in six sensitive grid centers zero deflection in the axial direction；Each sensitive grid presses sensitive grid centre bit
The order put, it is upper seven sensitive grid and upper five sensitive grid first, followed by middle first sensitive grid and middle second are quick transversely from top to bottom
Feel grid, be finally lower five sensitive grids and lower seven sensitive grid；Distance is 0 between upper seven sensitive grids center and upper five sensitive grids center,
Distance is Δ y between upper seven sensitive grids center and middle first sensitive grid center1, middle first sensitive grid center and middle second sensitive grid center
Distance is 0, and distance is also Δ y between middle first sensitive grid center and lower five sensitive grid centers1, lower five sensitive grid centers and lower seven quick
Distance is 0 between feeling grid center, and each sensitive segment axis is determined in plane, upper seven sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid
It is in mutually interdigital arrangement between middle second sensitive grid, descends five sensitive grids, descends between seven sensitive grids, middle first sensitive grid and middle second sensitive grid
It is in mutually interdigital arrangement；
Upper seven sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, down middle second sensitive grid, the sensitivity of five sensitive grids and lower seven sensitive grids
Section all-in resistance is in 7：5：12：12：5：7 proportionate relationship, upper seven sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second are sensitive
The all-in resistance changing value of sensitive segment sensitive segment under identical strain of grid, lower five sensitive grids and lower seven sensitive grids is also in 7：5：
12：12：5：7 proportionate relationship.
2. the sensitive grid full-bridge of lateral deviation six of horizontal local derviation mixes interdigital gold outside measurable bilateral piece as claimed in claim 1
Belong to foil gauge, it is characterised in that：All shape of cross section sizes of each sensitive segment are consistent, take the axis midpoint of each sensitive segment
Position and the nominal particle that place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, upper five sensitive grid, upper three
Sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, the sensitive segment total length of lower three sensitive grids and lower five sensitive grids are in 7：5：12：12：
5：7 proportionate relationship.
3. the sensitive grid full-bridge of the lateral deviation six mixing fork of horizontal local derviation outside measurable bilateral piece as claimed in claim 1 or 2
Refer to metal strain plate, it is characterised in that：Between upper seven sensitive grid, upper five sensitive grid, lower five sensitive grids and lower seven sensitive grids
It is in mutually interdigital arrangement.
4. the sensitive grid full-bridge of the lateral deviation six mixing fork of horizontal local derviation outside measurable bilateral piece as claimed in claim 1 or 2
Refer to metal strain plate, it is characterised in that：The metal strain plate also includes cover plate, and the cover plate is covered in the sensitive grid and base
On bottom.
5. the sensitive grid full-bridge of the lateral deviation six mixing fork of horizontal local derviation outside measurable bilateral piece as claimed in claim 1 or 2
Refer to metal strain plate, it is characterised in that：The sensitive grid is wire form, foil, diaphragm type or thick-film type sensitive grid.
6. the sensitive grid full-bridge of the lateral deviation six mixing fork of horizontal local derviation outside measurable bilateral piece as claimed in claim 1 or 2
Refer to metal strain plate, it is characterised in that：The substrate is glued membrane substrate, glass fabric substrates, asbestos base bottom or metallic substrates.
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| CN201510882918.8A CN105423896B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | The sensitive grid full-bridge of lateral deviation six of horizontal local derviation mixes interdigital metal strain plate outside measurable bilateral piece |
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| CN201510882918.8A CN105423896B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | The sensitive grid full-bridge of lateral deviation six of horizontal local derviation mixes interdigital metal strain plate outside measurable bilateral piece |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0168149A2 (en) * | 1984-05-30 | 1986-01-15 | TRW Transportation Electronics Limited | Strain gauge bridge assembly |
| CN1570544A (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2005-01-26 | 大连理工大学 | Space division multiplexing decoupling method for realizing piezoelectric self-sensing actuator |
| CN202329533U (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江大合建设工程检测有限公司 | Strain gauge |
| CN203083521U (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-07-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | A full-bridge strain gage measuring shear strain and a half-bridge strain gage measuring shear strain |
| CN204788239U (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-18 | 新会康宇测控仪器仪表工程有限公司 | DSOI strainometer |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5942401A (en) * | 1982-09-01 | 1984-03-09 | Tokyo Electric Co Ltd | Strain sensor |
-
2015
- 2015-12-04 CN CN201510882918.8A patent/CN105423896B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0168149A2 (en) * | 1984-05-30 | 1986-01-15 | TRW Transportation Electronics Limited | Strain gauge bridge assembly |
| CN1570544A (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2005-01-26 | 大连理工大学 | Space division multiplexing decoupling method for realizing piezoelectric self-sensing actuator |
| CN202329533U (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-07-11 | 浙江大合建设工程检测有限公司 | Strain gauge |
| CN203083521U (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-07-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | A full-bridge strain gage measuring shear strain and a half-bridge strain gage measuring shear strain |
| CN204788239U (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2015-11-18 | 新会康宇测控仪器仪表工程有限公司 | DSOI strainometer |
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| CN105423896A (en) | 2016-03-23 |
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