CN105371749B - It can measure axial distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital metal strain plate of axial local derviation on the outside of the double offset sensitive grid of unilateral side - Google Patents
It can measure axial distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital metal strain plate of axial local derviation on the outside of the double offset sensitive grid of unilateral side Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Axial distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital metal strain plate of axial local derviation on the outside of a kind of measurable unilateral double offset sensitive grid, including substrate and six sensitive grids being fixed thereon, each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and each sensitive segment axis is in coplanar straight line；It is i.e. axial in the axial direction in the plane, with axially vertical for transverse direction；Lateral zero deflection and axial there is deviation between each sensitive grid center；Each sensitive grid is by its center sequence of positions in an axial direction from left to right to dredge first sensitive grid, dredging second sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid；Respectively in interdigital arrangement between the left side, middle part and two, the right sensitive grid, each sensitive grid increased resistance value under same strain is in 3：3：8：8：5：5.The present invention can detect Mi Jia simultaneously, the close right outside in second sensitive grid center to the center spacing is equal to strain axial direction single order local derviation of the center at Zhong Jia, middle second sensitive grid center spacing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sensor field, especially a kind of metal strain plate.
Background technology
The operation principle of metal resistance strain gauge is resistance strain effect, i.e. wire is in effect strained, electricity
Resistance occurs to change accordingly with the size of mechanically deform occurred (stretch or compress).The theoretical formula of resistance strain effect
It is as follows:
Wherein R is its resistance value, and ρ is metal material resistivity, and L is metal material length, and S is metal material sectional area.
Wire is bearing to strain during mechanically deform occurs, and ρ, L, S three will change, so as to cause gold
Belong to the variation of material resistance value.When metal material is stretched, length increases, and sectional area reduces, and resistance value increases；When compressed
When, length reduces, and sectional area increase, resistance value reduces.Therefore, as long as the variation of resistance value can be measured, it can know wire
Strained situation.Metal material resistance change rate formula can be exported by relevant knowledges such as formula (1) and the mechanics of materials
Wherein Δ R is resistance variation amount, and Δ L is the variation of metal material length on pulling force or pressure action direction
Amount, ε are that the strain in same direction is usually referred to as axial strain, and K is metal material ga(u)ge factor.
In practical applications, metal resistance strain gauge is pasted onto to the table of Sensor Elastic Element or tested machine components
Face.When the elastic element in sensor or tested machine components are generated strain by active force, foil gauge on it is pasted
Identical mechanically deform occurs therewith, causes strain sheet resistance that corresponding variation occurs.At this moment, resistance strain gage is just by mechanical quantity
Be converted to the variable quantity output of resistance.
But we are also required to understand the partial derivative of workpiece strain sometimes, such as below there are three types of occasion, but not limited to this
Three, it needs to use workpiece surface strain partial derivative：
First, it is concentrated due to nearby will appear strain at workpiece shapes mutation, often occurs damaging it first as workpiece
Place monitors the strain partial derivative near at shape mutation, can intuitively obtain strain intensity at this.
Second, largely existed by comer pieces in building, bridge, mechanical equipment, the related knowledge of the mechanics of materials is taught that, bending
The axial strain of beam surface is directly proportional to section turn moment, and the axial partial derivative of section turn moment is directly proportional to section shearing strain, that is,
Section shearing strain can be known by the axial partial derivative of surface axial strain, and the shearing strain can not use foil gauge in workpiece table
Face directly measures；
Third, when applied elasticity research workpiece strains, internal strain is decided by partial differential equation, and equation solution needs
Boundary condition, and workpiece surface strain partial derivative is exactly one of boundary condition, this is that general foil gauge can not provide.
In addition, to certain positions of workpiece, such as the positions such as at the shaft shoulder, part edge, due to the mutation of geomery,
Often accordingly there are bigger variations for strain.However, just due to the mutation of geomery so that more difficult placement is general at this
Foil gauge needs the production of a kind of energy inclined edge of measuring strain piece even edge outer fix rather than center position strain local derviation
Product.It so just may be implemented in and avoid arranging foil gauge at a certain distance from the more difficult target measured point for placing foil gauge, and finally survey
Measure the strain local derviation at the target measured point.
Invention content
In order to overcome the shortcomings of that existing metal strain plate can not detect strain local derviation, the present invention provides one kind and can measure
Should change can effectively detect the axial direction point of axial local derviation on the outside of the measurable unilateral double offset sensitive grid of surface strain axial direction local derviation
Six sensitive grid full-bridge of cloth, three interdigital metal strain plate, particularly measuring workpiece corner, edge etc. has foil gauge size limiting unit
Position or other should not arrange the axial single order local derviation of foil gauge position.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
Axial distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital gold of axial local derviation on the outside of a kind of measurable unilateral double offset sensitive grid
Belong to foil gauge, including substrate, the metal strain plate further includes six sensitive grids, and the both ends of each sensitive grid connect one respectively
Pin fixes six sensitive grids in the substrate；
Each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and the both ends of the sensitive segment are changeover portion, and the sensitive segment is in thin
Strip, the changeover portion are in tubbiness shape, and the resistance of the sensitive segment is much larger than the resistance of the changeover portion, same strain state
Under the increased resistance value of the sensitive segment be much larger than the increased resistance value of the changeover portion, the increased resistance value of the changeover portion connects
It is bordering on 0；
All cross section centres of form of each sensitive segment form sensitive segment axis, which is straight line section, institute
The axis for stating each sensitive segment in six sensitive grids is parallel and be generally aligned in the same plane, in the determining plane of sensitive segment axis institute, edge
The sensitive segment axis direction is axial, with axially vertical direction for laterally；There are its both sides resistance values on each sensitive segment
An equal cross section takes the cross-section centroid position and is formed place sensitive segment by nominal mass of the sensitive segment resistance value
Nominal particle, the centroid position that the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is collectively formed are the center of sensitive grid；
Zero deflection in the horizontal between each sensitive grid center, there is deviation in the axial direction；Each sensitive grid presses sensitive grid centre bit
The sequence put is followed successively by thin first sensitive grid, dredges second sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, Mi Jia from left to right in an axial direction
Sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid.It is Δ x to dredge distance between first sensitive grid center and middle first sensitive grid centerA, in middle first sensitive grid
Distance is also Δ x between the heart and close first sensitive grid centerA；It is Δ to dredge distance between second sensitive grid center and middle second sensitive grid center
xB, distance is also Δ x between middle second sensitive grid center and close second sensitive grid centerB, Δ xA=Δ xB；Dredge first sensitive grid center with
The distance for dredging second sensitive grid center is Δ x1, the distance at middle first sensitive grid center and middle second sensitive grid center is Δ x1, close first sensitivity
Distance is Δ x between grid center and close second sensitive grid center1；
In the determining plane of each sensitive segment axis institute, it is in interdigital arrangement that the left side, which is dredged between first sensitive grid and thin second sensitive grid, in
It is in interdigital cloth between the close first sensitive grid in the right and close second sensitive grid in interdigital arrangement between first sensitive grid and middle second sensitive grid in portion
It puts；
It dredges first sensitive grid, dredge second sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid
Sensitive segment all-in resistance is in 3：3：8：8：5：5 proportionate relationship dredges first sensitive grid, dredges second sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitivity
The all-in resistance changing value of the sensitive segment of grid, close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid sensitive segment under identical strain is also in 3：3：8：
8：5：5 proportionate relationship.
Accordingly, it connects and dredges first sensitive grid and close first sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, the thin second sensitive grid of series connection
Four bridge arms of measuring bridge are just formed with close second sensitive grid.
Further, all cross-sectional shape sizes of each sensitive segment are consistent, take the axis point midway of each sensitive segment
And the nominal particle of place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, the thin first sensitive grid dredges second sensitivity
Grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid sensitive segment total length be in 3：3：8：8：5：5
Proportionate relationship.The program is a kind of scheme that can be selected, as long as to meet its both sides resistance value equal for the position of nominal particle
Cross section position of form center can or other positions.
Further, the pin of the close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid is respectively positioned on the inside of foil gauge.Purpose is to reduce
Close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid are to the distance of foil gauge right side edge.
Further, relatively middle first sensitive grid and middle second are sensitive, and the sensitive segment of close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid is axial
Length can be shorter and cross direction profiles can be closeer.Purpose is to reduce close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid center to foil gauge right edge
The distance of edge.
Among six sensitive grids, in addition to being in interdigital arrangement between above-mentioned three pairs of sensitive grids, without between other sensitive grids
Interdigital arrangement.The interdigital arrangement refers to：Two sensitive grids each sensitive segment axis institute in the plane, vertical with sensitive segment axis
The sensitive segment of two sensitive grids distribution straggly on direction, the order occurred respectively to the sensitive segment of two sensitive grids in this direction and time
Number is not limited.
Using the linear relationship between metal material increased resistance value and strain, this foil gauge is as common foil gauge
It can be used for measuring strain.On the other hand, according in numerical differentiation theory, (such as Yi Fengkang is compiled, National Defense Industry Press 1978
December in year publishes《Numerical computation method》Page 21 (1.4.11)-(1.4.14) formulas make equidistant interpolation analysis) about single order local derviation
Circular, the numerical computation method of the x directions first-order partial derivative of f (x, y) is as follows：
Wherein x1=x0+ h, x2=x1+ h pays special attention to above formula as (x2+ h, y) position first-order partial derivative value formula, the formula
Truncated error it is smaller be o (h2) be step-length square higher order indefinite small.By being generally acknowledged that sensitive grid electricity in formula (2) engineering
The strain at variable quantity direct ratio and sensitive grid center is hindered, with reference to each sensitive gate resistance and the resistance change under same strain
Proportionate relationship dredges the resistance of first sensitive grid and close first sensitive grid and subtracts the resistance value of middle first sensitive grid, then divided by thin first sensitivity
The distance at grid center and close first sensitive grid center is the axial single order numerical value local derviation of strain, and according to numerical differentiation theory, this is Mi Jia
The sensitive grid center axial single order numerical value local derviation at h distances to the right, h here is equal to certainly dredges first sensitive grid center to Mi Jia
The half of distance between sensitive grid center；Equally, it dredges the resistance of second sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid and subtracts middle second sensitive grid
Resistance value, then divided by the distance at thin second sensitive grid center and close second sensitive grid center be the axial single order numerical value local derviation strained, press
It is axial single order numerical value local derviation of the close second sensitive grid center to the right at h distances according to theoretical this of numerical differentiation, h here is certainly etc.
Half in thin second sensitive grid center to distance between close second sensitive grid center.The axial single order local derviation of position can be same at above-mentioned two
When measure.Therefore the advantage of the foil gauge is that its right side can be used for measuring the general foil gauge such as workpiece corner, edge due to ruler
Very little limitation can not measuring point two at close positions axial single order local derviation.
It should be noted that keeping thin first sensitive grid, thin second sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, close first quick in technique
It is in 3 to feel the variable quantity of grid and close second sensitive grid changeover portion all-in resistance and changeover portion resistance under external strain：3：8：8：5：5
Numerical relation is to be turned up measurement accuracy, also can conduct if the resistance of changeover portion and the lower resistance change of strain be can not ignore
Systematic error is eliminated when detecting.
Further, the metal strain plate further includes cover plate, and the cover plate is covered in the sensitive grid and substrate.
Further, the sensitive grid is wire form, foil, diaphragm type or thick-film type sensitive grid.
Further, the substrate is glued membrane substrate, glass fabric substrates, asbestos base bottom, metallic substrates or temporary substrate.
Six sensitive grid left, center, right are arranged in substrate.It is of course also possible to for other arrangements.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in：It can detect simultaneously at the right outside one in close first sensitive grid center and close second is quick
The axial single order local derviation at the right outside one in grid center is felt, wherein the lateral upper and close first sensitive grid in the right outside in close first sensitive grid center
Center zero deflection is equal to middle first sensitive grid center and close first sensitive grid center in axial direction at this with the spacing at close first sensitive grid center
Spacing；The close right outside in second sensitive grid center is laterally gone up and close second sensitive grid center zero deflection, quick with close second at this in axial direction
The spacing for feeling grid center is equal to the spacing at middle second sensitive grid center and close second sensitive grid center.Therefore the right side of foil gauge can measure
There is foil gauge at workpiece corner, edge etc. close positions axial direction single order local derviation at the two of size restriction site.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is axial distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital gold that can measure axial local derviation on the outside of unilateral double offset sensitive grid
Belong to the schematic diagram of foil gauge.
Fig. 2 is axial distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital gold that can measure axial local derviation on the outside of unilateral double offset sensitive grid
Belong to foil gauge vertical view.
Fig. 3 is measuring bridge schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
With reference to Fig. 1~Fig. 3, six sensitive grids of axial distribution of axial local derviation on the outside of a kind of measurable unilateral double offset sensitive grid
Three interdigital metal strain plate of full-bridge, including substrate, the metal strain plate further includes six sensitive grids, the both ends of each sensitive grid
A pin is connected respectively, and six sensitive grids are fixed in the substrate；
Each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and the both ends of the sensitive segment are changeover portion, and the sensitive segment is in thin
Strip, the changeover portion are in tubbiness shape, and the resistance of the sensitive segment is much larger than the resistance of the changeover portion, same strain state
Under the increased resistance value of the sensitive segment be much larger than the increased resistance value of the changeover portion, the increased resistance value of the changeover portion connects
It is bordering on 0；
All cross section centres of form of each sensitive segment form sensitive segment axis, which is straight line section, institute
The axis for stating each sensitive segment in six sensitive grids is parallel and be generally aligned in the same plane, in the determining plane of sensitive segment axis institute, edge
The sensitive segment axis direction is axial, with axially vertical direction for laterally；There are its both sides resistance values on each sensitive segment
An equal cross section takes the cross-section centroid position and is formed place sensitive segment by nominal mass of the sensitive segment resistance value
Nominal particle, the centroid position that the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is collectively formed are the center of sensitive grid；
Zero deflection in the horizontal between each sensitive grid center, there is deviation in the axial direction；Each sensitive grid presses sensitive grid centre bit
The sequence put is followed successively by thin first sensitive grid, dredges second sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, Mi Jia from left to right in an axial direction
Sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid.It is Δ x to dredge distance between first sensitive grid center and middle first sensitive grid centerA, in middle first sensitive grid
Distance is also Δ x between the heart and close first sensitive grid centerA；It is Δ to dredge distance between second sensitive grid center and middle second sensitive grid center
xB, distance is also Δ x between middle second sensitive grid center and close second sensitive grid centerB, Δ xA=Δ xB；Dredge first sensitive grid center with
The distance for dredging second sensitive grid center is Δ x1, the distance at middle first sensitive grid center and middle second sensitive grid center is Δ x1, close first sensitivity
Distance is Δ x between grid center and close second sensitive grid center1；
In the determining plane of each sensitive segment axis institute, it is in interdigital arrangement that the left side, which is dredged between first sensitive grid and thin second sensitive grid, in
It is in interdigital cloth between the close first sensitive grid in the right and close second sensitive grid in interdigital arrangement between first sensitive grid and middle second sensitive grid in portion
It puts；
It dredges first sensitive grid, dredge second sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid
Sensitive segment all-in resistance is in 3：3：8：8：5：5 proportionate relationship dredges first sensitive grid, dredges second sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitivity
The all-in resistance changing value of the sensitive segment of grid, close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid sensitive segment under identical strain is also in 3：3：8：
8：5：5 proportionate relationship.
Accordingly, it connects and dredges first sensitive grid and close first sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, the thin second sensitive grid of series connection
Four bridge arms of measuring bridge are just formed with close second sensitive grid.
Further, all cross-sectional shape sizes of each sensitive segment are consistent, take the axis point midway of each sensitive segment
And the nominal particle of place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, the thin first sensitive grid dredges second sensitivity
Grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid sensitive segment total length be in 3：3：8：8：5：5
Proportionate relationship.The program is a kind of scheme that can be selected, as long as to meet its both sides resistance value equal for the position of nominal particle
Cross section position of form center can or other positions.
Further, the pin of the close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid is respectively positioned on the inside of foil gauge.Purpose is to reduce
Close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid are to the distance of foil gauge right side edge.
Further, relatively middle first sensitive grid and middle second are sensitive, and the sensitive segment of close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid is axial
Length can be shorter and cross direction profiles can be closeer.Purpose is to reduce close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid center to foil gauge right edge
The distance of edge.
Among six sensitive grids, in addition to being in interdigital arrangement between above-mentioned three pairs of sensitive grids, without between other sensitive grids
Interdigital arrangement.The interdigital arrangement refers to：Two sensitive grids each sensitive segment axis institute in the plane, vertical with sensitive segment axis
The sensitive segment of two sensitive grids distribution straggly on direction, the order occurred respectively to the sensitive segment of two sensitive grids in this direction and time
Number is not limited.
The six sensitive grid full-bridges three of axial distribution of axial local derviation on the outside of the measurable unilateral double offset sensitive grid of the present embodiment
Interdigital metal strain plate, including substrate 1, the metal strain plate further includes six sensitive grids, the both ends difference of each sensitive grid
A pin is connected, six sensitive grids are fixed in the substrate 1.
It is quick that thin first sensitive grid 2, thin second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first can be fixed on substrate 1
Grid 6 and close second sensitive grid 7 are felt, for keeping the fixed shape of each sensitive grid, positions and dimensions；Substrate 1 is very thin, thus by test specimen
It is quick that the strain on surface is accurately transfer to thin first sensitive grid 2, thin second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first
Feel grid 6 and close second sensitive grid 7.Substrate 1 can be glued membrane substrate, glass fabric substrates, asbestos base bottom, metallic substrates and interim base
Bottom.Usually with cohere, weld, substrate is fixed on the tested position of test block by the modes such as ceramic spraying.It can be also printed in substrate 1
Some are used for the lines of foil gauge positioning.
The materials such as cover plate paper or glue are made, be covered in thin first sensitive grid 2, dredge second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, in
In second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6, close second sensitive grid 7 and substrate 1, rise moisture-proof, corrosion protection, loss prevention the effects that protective layer.
Pin 8 for connecting sensitive grid and measuring circuit, dredge first sensitive grid 2, dredge second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, in
Second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close second sensitive grid 7 respectively there are two pin 8, pair with foil and membrane type foil gauge, pin 8 with
Its thin first sensitive grid 2 connected, thin second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close second are quick
Sense grid 7 combine as a whole.Two pins for dredging first sensitive grid 2 are 8-1 and 8-2, and two pins for dredging second sensitive grid 3 are 8-3 and 8-
4, two pins of middle first sensitive grid 4 are 8-5 and 8-6, and two pins of middle second sensitive grid 5 are 8-7 and 8-8, close first sensitive grid 6
Two pins for 8-9 and 8-10, two pins of close second sensitive grid 7 are 8-11 and 8-12.Pin 8-9 and 8-10 are respectively positioned on close
The left side of first sensitive grid 6, it is therefore an objective to reduce the distance that close first sensitive grid 6 arrives foil gauge right side edge；Pin 8-11 and 8-12 is equal
Positioned at the left side of close second sensitive grid 7, it is therefore an objective to reduce the distance that close second sensitive grid 7 arrives foil gauge right side edge.
It dredges first sensitive grid 2, dredge second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close second sensitivity
Grid 7 can be wire form, foil, diaphragm type, thick-film type according to its metal sensitive material and the difference of processing technology.No matter which kind of
Dredge first sensitive grid 2, the thickness for dredging second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close second sensitive grid 7
Spend equal very little so that dredge first sensitive grid 2, dredge second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close
The axial length of second sensitive grid 7 depends on the deformation of workpiece with it and changes.It is of the invention basic it is critical that dredge first quick
Feel the cooperation between grid 2, thin second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close second sensitive grid 7,
There are following main points：
First, six sensitive grids are arranged in substrate, thin first sensitive grid 2 is referred to as, dredges second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitivity
Grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close second sensitive grid 7.
Second, it dredges first sensitive grid 2, dredge second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close
Second sensitive grid 7 can be divided into multiple sensitive segments 9 and multiple changeover portions 10, and each sensitive segment 9 is connected to form sensitivity by each changeover portion 10
Grid.Comparatively, sensitive segment 9 is elongated in shape, resistance is larger and its resistance value is more sensitive to straining；The changeover portion 10 is basic
In tubbiness shape so that the resistance very little of the changeover portion and insensitive to straining, under working condition resistance variations close to 0,
Therefore the summation of sensitive segment resistance is essentially the all-in resistance of single sensitive grid.Fig. 2 is marked in more detail from clearer angle
Sensitive segment 9 and changeover portion 10.
Third, the sensitive segment 9 of each sensitive grid is in elongated strip, and all cross section centres of form composition of each sensitive segment 9 is quick
Feel section axis, which is straight line section, and the axis of each sensitive segment 9 is parallel and is generally aligned in the same plane.Each
All cross sections of sensitive segment 9 are consistent along the projection of shape of sensitive segment axis direction.Take the axis point midway of each sensitive segment
And the nominal particle of place sensitive segment is formed using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass, the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is common
The centroid position of formation is the center of sensitive grid.
4th, it dredges first sensitive grid 2, dredge second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close
The sensitive segment total length of second sensitive grid 7 is in 3：3：8：8：5：It is quick to dredge first sensitive grid 2, thin second sensitive grid 3, middle first for 5 proportionate relationship
The sensitive segment all-in resistance for feeling grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close second sensitive grid 7 is in 3：3：8：8：5：5 ratio is closed
System dredges first sensitive grid 2, dredges second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close second sensitive grid 7
The all-in resistance changing value of sensitive segment sensitive segment under identical strain is also in 3：3：8：8：5：5 proportionate relationship.Accordingly, series connection is dredged
First sensitive grid 2 and close first sensitive grid 6, middle first sensitive grid 4, series connection are dredging second sensitive grid 3 and close second sensitive grid 7, middle second sensitive grid 5 just
Four bridge arms of measuring bridge are formed well.
5th, it overlooks and dredges first sensitive grid 2, dredges second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6
With close second sensitive grid 7, they are respectively provided with symmetry axis and symmetrical overlapping of axles (x-axis in Fig. 2), dredge first sensitive grid 2, dredge second sensitive grid
3rd, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and 7 respective sensitive segment 9 of close second sensitive grid all with the symmetry axis
Parallel, the sensitive segment 9 of each sensitive grid is distributed about this axial symmetry.Therefore, it can be said that dredge first sensitive grid 2, dredge second sensitive grid 3,
Middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close second sensitive grid 7 are coaxial, that is, detect equidirectional strain and dredge
First sensitive grid 2, the center for dredging second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close second sensitive grid 7
In x-axis, there is axial deviation at their center without lateral deviation for position.It is quick to dredge first for the vertical view of middle foil gauge according to fig. 2
The sensitive segment 9 of sense grid 2 has lateral symmetry axis ySA, the center of first sensitive grid 2 is dredged in x-axis and ySAThe intersection point of axis dredges second sensitive grid 3
Sensitive segment 9 have lateral symmetry axis ySB, the center of second sensitive grid 3 is dredged in x-axis and ySBThe intersection point of axis, the sensitivity of middle first sensitive grid 4
Section 9 has lateral symmetry axis yMA, the center of middle first sensitive grid 4 is in x-axis and yMAThe intersection point of axis, the sensitive segment 9 of middle second sensitive grid 5 have
Lateral symmetry axis yMB, the center of middle second sensitive grid 5 is in x-axis and yMBThe intersection point of axis, the sensitive segment 9 of close first sensitive grid 6 have laterally right
Claim axis yDA, the center of close first sensitive grid 6 is in x-axis and yDAThe intersection point of axis, the sensitive segment 9 of close second sensitive grid 7 have lateral symmetry axis
yDB, the center of close second sensitive grid 7 is in x-axis and yDBThe intersection point of axis.
6th, it is Δ x to dredge distance between the center of first sensitive grid 2 and the center of middle first sensitive grid 4A, middle first sensitive grid 4
Distance is also Δ x between center and the center of close first sensitive grid 6A；Dredge the center of second sensitive grid 3 and the center of middle second sensitive grid 5
Between distance be Δ xB, distance is also Δ x between the center of middle second sensitive grid 5 and the center of close second sensitive grid 7B, Δ xA=Δ
xB；The distance for dredging the center of first sensitive grid 2 and the center of thin second sensitive grid 3 is Δ x1, the center of middle first sensitive grid 4 and middle second are quick
The distance for feeling the center of grid 5 is Δ x1, distance is Δ x between the center of close first sensitive grid 6 and the center of close second sensitive grid 71, such as
Shown in Fig. 2.As shown in Figure 2, in the determining plane of each sensitive segment axis institute, the left side, which is dredged between first sensitive grid 2 and thin second sensitive grid 3, is in
Interdigital arrangement, in interdigital arrangement between first sensitive grid 4 and middle second sensitive grid 5 in middle part, the close first sensitive grid 6 in the right is sensitive with close second
In interdigital arrangement between grid 7, without the interdigital arrangement between other sensitive grids.The interdigital arrangement refers to：Two sensitive grids it is each quick
Section 9 axis institute is felt in the plane, in the sensitive segment distribution straggly with two sensitive grids in sensitive segment axis vertical direction, in the party
The order and number that the sensitive segment of upward two sensitive grid occurs respectively are not limited.Due to dredge first sensitive grid 2, dredge second sensitive grid 3,
Middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first sensitive grid 6 and close second sensitive grid 7 relative position protected by foil gauge production technology
Card is relatively accurately secured, this is also one of key that the present invention can detect the axial partial derivative of workpiece strain.
In conclusion the thin first sensitive grid 2 of the present invention, thin second sensitive grid 3, middle first sensitive grid 4, middle second sensitive grid 5, close first are quick
The all-in resistance changing value for feeling sensitive segment sensitive segment under identical strain of grid 6 and close second sensitive grid 7 is also in 3：3：8：8：5：5
Proportionate relationship, each sensitive grid central cross zero deflection, axially there is deviation, in center and the middle first sensitive grid 4 of dredging first sensitive grid 2
Distance is Δ x between the heartA, distance is also Δ x between the center of middle first sensitive grid 4 and the center of close first sensitive grid 6A；It is sensitive to dredge second
Distance is Δ x between the center of grid 3 and the center of middle second sensitive grid 5B, in the center of middle second sensitive grid 5 and close second sensitive grid 7
Distance is also Δ x between the heartB, Δ xA=Δ xB；The distance for dredging the center of first sensitive grid 2 and the center of thin second sensitive grid 3 is Δ
x1, the distance at the center of the center of middle first sensitive grid 4 and middle second sensitive grid 5 is Δ x1, the center of close first sensitive grid 6 and close second are quick
Distance is Δ x between feeling the center of grid 71。
It is R to enable and 3 resistance of second sensitive grid is dredged under free stateL0, middle 5 resistance of second sensitive grid is RM0, close 7 resistance of second sensitive grid
For RR0, should there is RL0+RR0=RM0=R0.When the foil gauge placement Mr. Yu of the present invention is had surface strain, 3 resistance of second sensitive grid is dredged
For R0+ΔRL, middle 4 resistance of sensitive grid is R0+ΔRM0, close 7 resistance of second sensitive grid is R0+ΔRR；On the other hand, second sensitive grid 3 is dredged
And the center of close second sensitive grid 7 is located at x-axis and y in Fig. 2 respectivelySBIntersection point and x-axis and yDBIntersection point, at a distance of 2 in axial direction
ΔxA.Formula (3) using the relationship and numerical differentiation of sensitive gate resistance and surface strain has：
WhereinFor close 7 central right Δ x of second sensitive gridAPlace, that is, x-axis and y in Fig. 2OBIntersection point, εLIt is quick to dredge second
Feel the strain at 3 center of grid, εMFor the strain at middle 5 center of second sensitive grid, εRFor the strain at close 7 center of second sensitive grid.This is
It is the principle of the axial local derviation of the present embodiment measurement surface strain.Pay special attention to, the numerical differentiation that above formula is calculated is sensitive for close second
7 center of grid Δ x in outside to the rightAThe strain axial direction single order local derviation of position, the position are outside the right side edge even edge of foil gauge
Side, therefore with the axial single order local derviation for having size restriction site to foil gauge convenient for measurement workpiece corner, edge etc.
Advantage.With reference to Fig. 2, it is noted that the pin 8-11 and 8-12 of close second sensitive grid 7 are arranged in close 7 left side of second sensitive grid, and purpose is equal
It is to reduce close 7 center of second sensitive grid as possible to the distance of foil gauge right side edge, in order to further play above-mentioned advantage.Together
Sample, close 6 center of the first sensitive grid Δ x in outside to the right of calculating can be coordinated by dredging first sensitive grid 2, middle first sensitive grid 4 and close first sensitive grid 6A
X-axis and y in position, that is, Fig. 2OAThe intersection point of axis, strain axial direction first-order partial derivative；By the pin arrangement of close first sensitive grid 6
In the left side of the sensitive grid, close 6 center of first sensitive grid is reduced as possible to the distance of foil gauge right side edge.Above-mentioned close second sensitive grid
7 centers Δ x in outside to the rightAThe strain axial direction single order local derviation of position and close 6 center of first sensitive grid Δ x in outside to the rightAThe strain of position
Axial first-order partial derivative can measure simultaneously.
The present embodiment cooperation electric bridge be can be used for into the axial single order local derviation of measuring strain, strain, it is assumed that bridge input voltage is
ui, output voltage uo, the schematic diagram of measuring bridge is shown in Fig. 3.In no workpiece effects of strain, each arm resistance of electric bridge is according to up time
Needle direction is respectively labeled as R1、R2、R3、R4, the also electric bridge where these sign flag resistance in the case where that will not obscure.Often
The sensitive grid or resistance of foil gauge can be placed on a electric bridge.It is identical with general foil gauge arrangement, if in multiple bridge arms
Upper placement sensitive grid, the requirement of order, strain difinite quality to each installation position.During without workpiece effects of strain, the output of electric bridge
Voltage equation is
At this time, it is desirable that bridge balance i.e. uo=0, it then must satisfy so-called bridge balance condition R1R3-R2R4=0,
The electric bridge of use further meets
R1=R2=R3=R4, (6)
Since first, when meeting condition (6), according to related theoretical foil gauge sensitivity highest；Second, measuring strain or
The method that person strains axial local derviation is required to condition (6) establishment.When foil gauge is also strained with external world's strain, above-mentioned electric bridge
Equilibrium condition is generally no longer set up, at this time
Due to Δ Ri＜ ＜ RiFirst ≈ of (i=1,2,3,4) event is set up, and second ≈ works as Δ R1-ΔR2With Δ R3-ΔR4
Jack per line or contrary sign but | Δ R1-ΔR2| with | Δ R3-ΔR4| not in close proximity to when set up, foil gauge is reasonably selected in engineering
Installation position can be realized completely.It is generally available the voltage measurement strain of formula (7) acquisition；To strain, axial local derviation can convolution
(4) and formula (7), reasonable design arrange each bridge arm sensitive grid and resistance, such as bridge arm R1Second sensitive grid 5 in arrangement, bridge arm R2String
Connection arranges close second sensitive grid 7 and thin second sensitive grid 3, remaining bridge arm configuration substitutional resistance can obtain inclined with close 7 center of second sensitive grid
Right outside Δ xAThe axial single order local derviation of place's strain voltage value u in a linear relationshipo, which is that small-signal need to be amplified.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of axial distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital metal of axial local derviation on the outside of measurable unilateral double offset sensitive grid
Foil gauge, including substrate, it is characterised in that：The metal strain plate further includes six sensitive grids, the both ends point of each sensitive grid
Not Lian Jie a pin, fix six sensitive grids in the substrate；
Each sensitive grid includes sensitive segment and changeover portion, and the both ends of the sensitive segment are changeover portion, and the sensitive segment is in elongate strip
Shape, the changeover portion are in tubbiness shape, and the resistance of the sensitive segment is much larger than the resistance of the changeover portion, institute under same strain state
The increased resistance value for stating sensitive segment is much larger than the increased resistance value of the changeover portion, the increased resistance value of the changeover portion close to
0；
All cross section centres of form of each sensitive segment form sensitive segment axis, which is straight line section, and described six
The axis of each sensitive segment is parallel in a sensitive grid and is generally aligned in the same plane, in the determining plane of sensitive segment axis institute, along described
Sensitive segment axis direction is axial, with axially vertical direction for laterally；There are its both sides resistance value is equal on each sensitive segment
A cross section, take the cross-section centroid position and using the sensitive segment resistance value as nominal mass formed where sensitive segment name
Particle, the centroid position that the nominal particle of each sensitive segment is collectively formed are the center of sensitive grid；
Zero deflection in the horizontal between each sensitive grid center, there is deviation in the axial direction；Each sensitive grid is by sensitive grid center
Sequentially, it is followed successively by thin first sensitive grid from left to right in an axial direction, dredges second sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, close first sensitivity
Grid and close second sensitive grid, it is Δ x to dredge distance between first sensitive grid center and middle first sensitive grid centerA, middle first sensitive grid center with
Distance is also Δ x between close first sensitive grid centerA；It is Δ x to dredge distance between second sensitive grid center and middle second sensitive grid centerB, in
Distance is also Δ x between second sensitive grid center and close second sensitive grid centerB, Δ xA=Δ xB；It dredges first sensitive grid center and thin second is quick
The distance for feeling grid center is Δ x1, the distance at middle first sensitive grid center and middle second sensitive grid center is Δ x1, close first sensitive grid center
Distance is Δ x between close second sensitive grid center1；
In the determining plane of each sensitive segment axis institute, the left side is dredged between first sensitive grid and thin second sensitive grid in interdigital arrangement, in middle part
It is in interdigital arrangement between the close first sensitive grid in the right and close second sensitive grid in interdigital arrangement between first sensitive grid and middle second sensitive grid,
Without the interdigital arrangement between other sensitive grids；
Dredge first sensitive grid, the sensitivity for dredging second sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid
Section all-in resistance is in 3：3：8：8：5：5 proportionate relationship, dredge first sensitive grid, dredge second sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid,
The all-in resistance changing value of the sensitive segment of close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid sensitive segment under identical strain is also in 3：3：8：8：
5：5 proportionate relationship.
2. axial distribution six sensitive grids as described in claim 1 that can measure axial local derviation on the outside of unilateral double offset sensitive grid are complete
Three interdigital metal strain plate of bridge, it is characterised in that：All cross-sectional shape sizes of each sensitive segment are consistent, take each sensitive segment
Axis point midway and using the sensitive segment resistance value as the nominal particle of sensitive segment where nominal mass is formed, the thin first is quick
Sense grid, the sensitive segment total length for dredging second sensitive grid, middle first sensitive grid, middle second sensitive grid, close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid are in
3：3：8：8：5：5 proportionate relationship.
3. the axial distribution six as claimed in claim 1 or 2 that can measure axial local derviation on the outside of unilateral double offset sensitive grid is sensitive
Three interdigital metal strain plate of grid full-bridge, it is characterised in that：The pin of the close first sensitive grid and close second sensitive grid is respectively positioned on strain
On the inside of piece.
4. the axial distribution six as claimed in claim 1 or 2 that can measure axial local derviation on the outside of unilateral double offset sensitive grid is sensitive
Three interdigital metal strain plate of grid full-bridge, it is characterised in that：Relatively middle first sensitive grid and middle second sensitive grid, close first sensitive grid and close second
The sensitive segment axial length of sensitive grid can be shorter and cross direction profiles can be closeer.
5. the axial distribution six as claimed in claim 1 or 2 that can measure axial local derviation on the outside of unilateral double offset sensitive grid is sensitive
Three interdigital metal strain plate of grid full-bridge, it is characterised in that：The metal strain plate further includes cover plate, and the cover plate is covered in described
On sensitive grid and substrate.
6. the axial distribution six as claimed in claim 1 or 2 that can measure axial local derviation on the outside of unilateral double offset sensitive grid is sensitive
Three interdigital metal strain plate of grid full-bridge, it is characterised in that：The sensitive grid is wire form, foil, diaphragm type or thick-film type sensitive grid.
7. the axial distribution six as claimed in claim 1 or 2 that can measure axial local derviation on the outside of unilateral double offset sensitive grid is sensitive
Three interdigital metal strain plate of grid full-bridge, it is characterised in that：The substrate for glued membrane substrate, glass fabric substrates, asbestos base bottom or
Metallic substrates.
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| CN201510884123.0A CN105371749B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | It can measure axial distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital metal strain plate of axial local derviation on the outside of the double offset sensitive grid of unilateral side |
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| CN201510884123.0A CN105371749B (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2015-12-04 | It can measure axial distribution six sensitive grid full-bridges, the three interdigital metal strain plate of axial local derviation on the outside of the double offset sensitive grid of unilateral side |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103727871A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 广西科技大学 | Resistance strain gauge |
| CN105066870A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Axial deviation full-bridge double-interdigital metal strain sheet capable of measuring surface strain axial partial derivative |
| CN105091731A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-25 | 浙江工业大学 | Axial deviation double-sensitive grid interdigital metal strain plate capable of measuring axial deviation of surface strain |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20170172687A1 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2017-06-22 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Printed Strain Gauges for Force Measurement |
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2015
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103727871A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-16 | 广西科技大学 | Resistance strain gauge |
| CN105066870A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Axial deviation full-bridge double-interdigital metal strain sheet capable of measuring surface strain axial partial derivative |
| CN105091731A (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-25 | 浙江工业大学 | Axial deviation double-sensitive grid interdigital metal strain plate capable of measuring axial deviation of surface strain |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 微机电系统技术的研究现状和展望;严宇才等;《电子工业专用设备》;20110430(第4期);第1-8页、第46页 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20200806 Address after: No.50 Fuxing Road, industrial park, Tushan Town, Pizhou City, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Jiangsu Mingtai Construction Machinery Manufacturing Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510000 unit 2414-2416, building, No. five, No. 371, Tianhe District, Guangdong, China Patentee before: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20200806 Address after: 510000 unit 2414-2416, building, No. five, No. 371, Tianhe District, Guangdong, China Patentee after: GUANGDONG GAOHANG INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OPERATION Co.,Ltd. Address before: The city Zhaohui six districts Chao Wang Road Hangzhou city Zhejiang province Zhejiang University of Technology No. 18 310014 Patentee before: ZHEJIANG University OF TECHNOLOGY |