CN1052820A - 防弹玻璃 - Google Patents

防弹玻璃 Download PDF

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CN1052820A
CN1052820A CN90100078A CN90100078A CN1052820A CN 1052820 A CN1052820 A CN 1052820A CN 90100078 A CN90100078 A CN 90100078A CN 90100078 A CN90100078 A CN 90100078A CN 1052820 A CN1052820 A CN 1052820A
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glass
film
sheet
screen
layer
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CN1032662C (zh
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彼得·威廉·斯蒂芬逊
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B32B17/10045—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets with at least one intermediate layer consisting of a glass sheet with at least one intermediate air space
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10018—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising only one glass sheet
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E06B5/12—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes against air pressure, explosion, or gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0407—Transparent bullet-proof laminatesinformative reference: layered products essentially comprising glass in general B32B17/06, e.g. B32B17/10009; manufacture or composition of glass, e.g. joining glass to glass C03; permanent multiple-glazing windows, e.g. with spacing therebetween, E06B3/66

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

一种防弹玻璃屏1，包括若干层玻璃板片2-5并 分别由空气间隙6-8分隔开，每一板片上至少有一 个表面贴有保安膜10，该膜最好是聚酯膜，也可以在 板片两面都贴上膜。增大空气间隙可增大对发射弹 穿透本结构的阻力。可使用标准厚度的窗玻璃。该 聚酯膜可由压敏粘合剂粘附到玻璃板片上。

Description

本发明涉及防弹玻璃屏的改进，特别是应用于保安用途。
防弹玻璃一般是厚度10-12毫米的经热处理退火玻璃板的层合物。例如，由四层这种特种玻璃制成最后的层合物。结果使厚度达到40-50毫米。这样，此层合物很昂贵，难于机械加工，使用时也十分笨重。
其它防发射弹冲击的玻璃类结构见于General  Electric  Company的英国专利2098650和USP  4774143。该英国专利所介绍的玻璃类结构具有一个背复合层，它包括多层的聚碳酸酯、玻璃或实体树脂状材料，其中至少有一层是聚碳酸酯;还有一个面复合层，这是由多层玻璃复合而成，包括面层和里层，每层厚度为0.76-5.59毫米，还有一个中间芯层，这个芯层比面层和里层都更厚。该芯层又可以是单层的，也可以是多层复合而成，厚度最好是5.59-25.4毫米。
该美国专利介绍了一种透明的层合窗玻璃结构，其中包括热塑性材料制成的连续的内层，以及基本上与内层平行的外层，其中包括至少一个由分离的、相互间隔开的玻璃层段，在相邻两段的间隔处填以粘合性材料。此种窗结构中还可包括挤压在内层和外层之间的一条弹性体材料，用以限定各层之间的间隙。由于这种窗结构是由多段组成，一个发射弹只能破那一个段，而不会使同一块中隔开的相邻段碎裂，使得受到发射弹冲击后仍保持窗结构的良好能见度。这些玻璃段本身是由层合玻璃构成，因此这种结构复杂，厚而笨重。
上述两项先有技术都提出有前面板的结构，是由数层玻璃层合而成，成为“防弹玻璃”的特征。这两项先有技术都是在前面层和背层之间使用了空气间隙。在该英国专利中，该空气间隙的作用只是帮助改进双层玻璃结构的光学特性。在该美国专利中，提到该空气间隙对于该发明并非关键，只是在窗结构遇受到交变的冷热环境而可能使结构的面层和后层之间发生翘曲时才使用这个间隙。
以上这两种结构的制造都太复杂，不能在施工现场制造，并且重量大、价昂。
本发明的目的是克服前述先有技术中的缺点或至少得到基本改善，本发明提供的防弹玻璃屏是由多层玻璃构成，在每一层玻璃板的至少一个面上施加防粉碎保安膜层，并且每片玻璃板都是与相邻的板分开一定的间隔。
优选方式是在每片玻璃的前后两面都施加该保安膜层，并在相邻的板片之间的空隙充以空气。
可以使用的膜层类型例如一种聚酯保安膜，是由3M公司（Minnesota，Mining  and  Manufacturing  Company）提供并作为防粉碎膜层。这个膜是施加到玻璃板片的面上，防止玻璃片粉碎和玻璃碎片飞散。这种膜上有由水活化的压敏粘合剂，使之粘合到玻璃表面。
图1所示是本发明保安屏的上半部的示意图。下半部和它对称，不示亦明。
如图1所示，保安屏1包括一组4层的窗玻璃板片2、3、4、5，它们分别由间隙6、7、8所隔开。
为了说明的方便，把玻璃板2当作是屏1的前面。
这4层板片2、3、4、5是由框架9将它们间隔开并固定住。框架9可以是任何适当的结构，并使用本行业常用的材料制成，如金属挤压物，木材或塑料。
在板片2、3、4、5的两面都施加防粉碎膜层10。在板片2、3、4、5之间的空隙6、7、8充注空气。
按该类型防粉碎膜的通常方式在板片2、3、4、5的面上施加膜层10。如上所述，这是一种带有水活化压敏粘合剂的聚酯膜。玻璃板片2、3、4、5可以是标准式窗玻璃。
对于按图1的实施方案，用0.22高速来复枪进行了数项试验。
在第一次试验中，使用5毫米的固定玻璃片，其间隙为3.175毫米。使用3M提供的聚酯防粉碎膜，其厚度为0.18毫米。在此玻璃屏前作单发射击，使前面板2碎开，但未穿透该板后面所贴的膜10。第二层玻璃板片，即图1的3也破开，推测是由于冲击所发散的冲击波所致。
在第二次试验中，使用类似第一次试验所用的屏板，不同之处是改用厚度4毫米的玻璃板片。射击了数发。第一发的结果同第一次试验相似。第二发使第三层玻璃，即图1的4被打破，第三发便第四层玻璃即图1的5被打破，但枪弹并未穿透该层玻璃。
所用的玻璃-聚酯膜层合物是一种复合物结构，由该膜增加该玻璃板片本身的抗张强度。这就是说，这种结构可以变形到更大程度（吸收更多动能）方才破开。所吸收的动能越多，枪弹在破开该片玻璃之后的连度就越慢。
从火器发射出的发射弹达到产生冲击波的超音速。因此，由于发射弹的高动能和冲击波伴随的能量将玻璃板片破坏。对本发明不讲自明的是，这些能量是以两种方式由该多层玻璃有效地吸收。借助于增大玻璃板片的抗张强度，使每层能更有效地吸收发射弹的动能。将保安膜牢固地粘合到玻璃板片的一面或两面。各板片之间的空气间隙是用于耗散冲击波的能量。本发明将这两方面结合到一起而提供了一种有效的防弹屏。
对于在玻璃板片每一面贴覆聚酯膜的组件所作试验表明，随着每层板片之间的间隔加大，防破坏的性能增高。推测是由于冲击波在各片之间的空气间隙中耗散之故。
根据给定用途的要求，可采用2-12毫米厚度的玻璃板片和厚度为0.8-100毫米的空气间隙来组成防弹屏。对于具体的防弹屏，板片厚度和其间间隙可按防弹屏需要所能用的片数而变化。
适用于本发明的其它保安膜制造商有DTI（Deposition  Technology  Industries）和Martin′s  Processing（Australia）Pty.Ltd.，它们所售保安膜的注册商标是PROFILON。
因此，本发明提供的防弹屏可应用于诸如银行出纳员的保安小室，以及其它装置诸如除要求保安之外还要求视线的装置。按本发明可以由普通镶玻璃工的一般技术而在现场组装，切割这种玻璃板不需要特殊工具。方便的方式是将防粉碎膜在制造厂中施加上去，在组装保安屏时省去这一步。但并不是必须这样作。
虽然上面已由优选方案对本发明作了说明，不讲自明的是本发明还可由本领域普通技术人员的知识而制订出其它方案，例如，该保安屏可根据用途而由少到两层玻璃构成。此外，虽然优选方案是在每层玻璃的两面贴上保安膜，也可以只在一个面上贴膜。同样，也可对最外层玻璃只在内表面贴膜，面朝外的面上没有膜。在上述方案中，也可使用其它厚度的玻璃，或由不同厚度的各层玻璃组合而成。

Claims (5)

1、一种防弹玻璃屏，其中包括多层玻璃板片，在每一片玻璃的至少一个表面上施加有一层防粉碎保安膜，并且每一片玻璃与相邻一片玻璃隔开一定的距离。
2、按权利要求1的防弹玻璃屏，其中所述每一玻璃板片之间的间隙是充以空气。
3、按权利要求2的防弹玻璃屏，其中所述每一玻璃板片的前后表面都施加有防粉碎保安膜。
4、按权利要求1、2或3的防弹玻璃屏，其中所述的膜是一种聚酯膜。
5、按权利要求1、2或3的防弹玻璃屏，其中所述玻璃板片厚度为2-12毫米，所述一定的间隙距离为0.8-100毫米。
CN90100078A 1988-07-18 1989-12-30 防弹玻璃屏 Expired - Fee Related CN1032662C (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPI936188 1988-07-18

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CN1052820A true CN1052820A (zh) 1991-07-10
CN1032662C CN1032662C (zh) 1996-08-28

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EP (1) EP0445118A4 (zh)
JP (1) JPH03506056A (zh)
KR (1) KR900702167A (zh)
CN (1) CN1032662C (zh)
BR (1) BR8907560A (zh)
NZ (1) NZ229985A (zh)
WO (1) WO1990001100A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104048560A (zh) * 2014-06-25 2014-09-17 刘百川 多层复合钢板
CN107003100A (zh) * 2014-12-04 2017-08-01 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 由大规模生产的层压窗玻璃组件制造的装甲玻璃

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2731512B1 (fr) * 1995-03-06 1997-04-30 Giat Ind Sa Panneau de blindage transparent
DE19619357A1 (de) * 1996-05-14 1997-11-20 Degussa Durchschußhemmende Verglasung sowie deren Verwendung
KR100372374B1 (ko) * 2000-10-30 2003-02-19 조동하 방탄유리의 제조방법
US7762175B1 (en) * 2006-11-30 2010-07-27 Honeywell International Inc. Spaced lightweight composite armor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2336544A (en) * 1939-04-22 1943-12-14 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Method of fabricating multiple glass sheet glazing units
US2310402A (en) * 1941-02-28 1943-02-09 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Glass insulation unit
US2401552A (en) * 1943-06-02 1946-06-04 Pittsburgh Plate Glass Co Window construction
GB603857A (en) * 1945-11-01 1948-06-24 Stone J & Co Ltd Improvements relating to glass panes for windows
FR2294315A1 (fr) * 1974-12-09 1976-07-09 Chalons Francois Panneau transparent isolant
FR2474477A1 (fr) * 1979-12-03 1981-07-31 Ravaut Jean Phs protection de haute securite pour surfaces vitrees
FR2483845A1 (fr) * 1980-06-06 1981-12-11 Delehonte Marc Panneaux transparents de securite
FR2529609A1 (fr) * 1982-07-05 1984-01-06 Saint Gobain Vitrage Vitrage multiple a proprietes d'isolation thermique et acoustique

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104048560A (zh) * 2014-06-25 2014-09-17 刘百川 多层复合钢板
CN107003100A (zh) * 2014-12-04 2017-08-01 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 由大规模生产的层压窗玻璃组件制造的装甲玻璃
CN107003100B (zh) * 2014-12-04 2023-09-05 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 由大规模生产的层压窗玻璃组件制造的装甲玻璃

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BR8907560A (pt) 1991-06-18
JPH03506056A (ja) 1991-12-26
KR900702167A (ko) 1990-12-06
CN1032662C (zh) 1996-08-28
EP0445118A1 (en) 1991-09-11
NZ229985A (en) 1992-01-29
EP0445118A4 (en) 1991-11-06
WO1990001100A1 (en) 1990-02-08

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