CN105276236B - 截止阀 - Google Patents

截止阀 Download PDF

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CN105276236B
CN105276236B CN201510275682.1A CN201510275682A CN105276236B CN 105276236 B CN105276236 B CN 105276236B CN 201510275682 A CN201510275682 A CN 201510275682A CN 105276236 B CN105276236 B CN 105276236B
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shut
valve
valve disc
hub
valve according
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CN105276236A (zh
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H·赫罗德
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VAG GmbH
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VAG Armaturen GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K47/00—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy
    • F16K47/04—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for decreasing pressure or noise level, the throttle being incorporated in the closure member
    • F16K47/045—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy for decreasing pressure or noise level, the throttle being incorporated in the closure member and the closure member being rotatable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/16—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members
    • F16K1/18—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps
    • F16K1/20—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps with axis of rotation arranged externally of valve member
    • F16K1/2014—Shaping of the valve member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/16—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members
    • F16K1/18—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps
    • F16K1/20—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps with axis of rotation arranged externally of valve member
    • F16K1/2028—Details of bearings for the axis of rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/16—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members
    • F16K1/18—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps
    • F16K1/22—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps with axis of rotation crossing the valve member, e.g. butterfly valves
    • F16K1/222—Shaping of the valve member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/16—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members
    • F16K1/18—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps
    • F16K1/22—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps with axis of rotation crossing the valve member, e.g. butterfly valves
    • F16K1/224—Details of bearings for the axis of rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/10—Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
    • F16L55/1018—Pivoting closing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K39/00—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces
    • F16K39/02—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves
    • F16K39/028—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves with pivoted closure members, e.g. butterfly valves

Abstract

本发明涉及一种截止阀，其具有可绕转动轴线(4)摆动地支承在壳体(2)内部的阀瓣状的截止机构(3)，该阀瓣状的截止机构包含相对于转动轴线(4)错位的阀盘(8)和在侧面的用于接纳两个可转动地支承在壳体(2)中的驱动轴(11、12)的两个毂部(9、10)。为了能够改善通流并减小操纵力矩，在所述两个毂部(9、10)上设有流动转向元件(19，20；21；22)。

Description

截止阀
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有阀瓣状截止机构的截止阀。
背景技术
截止阀是在水资源管理中广泛使用的截止机构。与截止滑阀相比，截止阀非常紧凑并且尤其在公称尺寸大于DN 300时只需要小得多的安装空间。因此在公称尺寸大于约DN300的管道系统中大多装配截止阀。截止阀的缺点在于，阀盘直接位于水流中。由于阀盘在关闭位置上必须承受系统压力差，所以必须专门针对高压力差将阀盘设计得相应较厚。然而阀盘尺寸越大(越厚)，它抵抗介质的通流阻力就越大。
EP 1 427 955 A1公开了一种本类型的截止阀，其带有可在壳体内部绕一转动轴线摆动的阀瓣状的/活板状的截止机构。在这种已知的截止阀中，该阀瓣状的截止机构具有呈偏心的结构形式的相对于转动轴线错位的阀盘和在侧面的用于接纳支承在壳体中的驱动轴的毂部。在这种截止机构中，位于水流中的毂部却可以视形状和宽度而定产生一个死水区，该死水区在出流侧的流动区域中引起涡流。该涡流一方面可以增大死水区并因此增加截止阀的总阻力，另一方面形成了涡流场，所述涡流场导致激发截止阀和后续管道的振动。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，提供一种所述类型的截止阀，该截止阀能够改善通流并降低操纵力矩。
该目的通过根据本发明的截止阀来实现。本发明适宜的实施方案和有利的改进方案在下面给出。
在根据本发明的截止阀中，在两个毂部上设有流动转向元件。通过这两个毂部上的流动转向元件，能够实现在阀瓣状的截止机构中心与毂部后方的死水区之间的压力平衡，并因此能够减少在截止机构流出侧上的负压形成和涡流形成。此外，由此还可以减小用于打开和关闭截止机构的操纵力矩并降低截止机构和后续管道振动的风险。
所述流动转向元件可以设计成例如延伸穿过毂部的穿通部的形式和/或设计为在毂部上的引导肋片/控制肋片(Leitsteg)。通过这样的穿通部或引导肋片能够特别有效地抑制在截止机构后面形成负压和涡流。
所述穿通部可以以特别有利的方式从阀盘内侧穿过毂部延伸到阀盘外侧。这样，为了减少涡流形成，可以将一部分的流动引导至阀外侧。所述穿通部可以取向成与截止机构的转动轴线平行、垂直或成其他角度并因此布置成沿主流动方向或横向于主流动方向或与主流动方向成角度。在每个毂部中有多个穿通部的情况下，这些穿通部的取向可以不同或相同。
这些穿通部可以适宜地实施为孔或狭缝的形式。但所述穿通部也可以具有其他合适的形式。
通过形式为毂部上的引导肋片的流动转向元件，也可以在流动技术上实现阻力减小。通过这样的引导肋片可以使从入流侧流过截止阀的流体围绕毂部被引导，并由此阻止在阀盘后面形成负压。
在阀的公称尺寸较大时或者用于大的压差时，所述阀瓣状的截止机构宜具有盖板，该盖板与阀盘平行并通过间隔开的中间接板与阀盘连接。在盖板中可以设有一个或多个通道。由此可以这样影响入流角，使得流体的转向对液压力矩的大小具有减小的影响，并且能够降低用于打开和关闭截止机构的转矩。
附图说明
本发明其他特征和优点从下面借助于附图对优选实施例的说明中得出。附图示出：
图1示出截止阀的第一实施例的透视图；
图2示出截止阀的第二实施例的透视图；
图3示出第一截止阀的支承区域的放大细节图；
图4示出图3的支承区域的剖面图；
图5示出第二截止阀的支承区域的放大细节图；
图6示出图5的支承区域的剖面图；
图7示出第三截止阀的支承区域的放大细节图。
具体实施方式
图1中示意性示出的截止阀具有壳体2，该壳体设有圆形的通孔1，阀瓣状的截止机构3以可绕转动轴线4摆动的方式支承在该壳体中，该转动轴线与通孔1的中轴线垂直。壳体2具有环状的基体5，该基体带有前部的和后部的用于连接管道的连接法兰6和7。
阀瓣状的截止机构3以偏心的结构形式具有相对于转动轴线4错位的阀盘8和在侧面的毂部9和10，所述毂部用于接纳两个可转动地支承在壳体2中的驱动轴11和12。利用该偏心的结构形式可以减少该密封系统在打开位置上的压力。在所示实施方案中，截止机构3以加强的结构形式具有与阀盘8平行并且与阀盘间隔开的盖板13。盖板13通过横向于转动轴线4延伸且彼此间隔开的中间接板14与阀盘8连接。由此实现了刚性的但同时有利于流动的结构，该结构尤其在公称尺寸大和压力级高时是有利的。
图2示出了截止阀的另一实施例。该截止阀在结构方面与图1的截止阀基本一致，因此相对应的结构件仍用相同的附图标记表示。与图1的截止阀的唯一区别在于，在盖板13中设有多个在此为圆形的通道15。通过在不承压的盖板13中的这些通道15，可以减少流动通道中的负压区。此外，通过在盖板13中的通道15还可以这样影响入流角，使得流体的转向对液压力矩大小的影响减小，并且能够降低用于打开和关闭截止机构3的转矩。通道15还可以实施为狭缝、沟槽或类似的形式。此外，还可以在盖板13中仅设有一个例如狭缝状或孔状的通道。
如图3和4所示，壳体2具有两个相对置的带有支承孔17的支承法兰16，落座于阀瓣状的截止机构3的毂部9和10中的驱动轴11、12通过支承套18以可转动的方式支承在所述支承孔中。在位于截止机构3的相对侧上的所示毂部9和在此未示出的毂部10中，设有用于在毂部9和10后面减少负压形成和减少涡流形成的流动转向元件。在图3和图4所示的实施例中，流动转向元件设计为孔19和20。孔19和20在毂部9和10中这样布置在流出侧，即：孔19和20从阀盘8的内侧穿过毂部9和10延伸至阀盘8的外侧。由此可以将在截止机构3的打开位置上在阀盘8与盖板13之间流动的流体的一部分引导到阀外侧，如图4中箭头所示。
在图3和图4的实施例中，在毂部9中设有多个孔19和20，这些孔的取向与转动轴线4成一定角度。孔19和20的直径可以相同或不同。它们的取向也可以相同或不同。
图5和图6示出了截止阀的另一实施例。与图3和图4的实施例不同的是，在此流动转向元件设计为狭缝21。通过这些在流出侧设置在毂部9和10中的狭缝21也可以将在截止机构3的打开位置上在阀盘8与盖板13之间流动的流体的一部分引导至阀外侧，如图6中箭头所示。除此之外，该截止阀在结构上与图3和图4的截止阀一致，因而相对应的部件还用相同的附图标记表示。
在图7所示的实施例中，在毂部9上设有一个例如由板件尤其是金属板组成的或者在铸件中一体形成的引导肋片22。通过这样的引导肋片22，可以使在毂部区域中流过截止阀的流体从入流侧围绕毂部9被引导，并由此避免在阀盘8后方形成负压。所述引导肋片可以以弓形的形状绕毂部9向下通至流出侧。该引导肋片22可以与阀盘8的转动轴线成直角或成其他角度地取向。借助于引导肋片22的成角度的布置方式，可以给流动造成旋流，以便减少在阀盘8后面的涡流。在毂部9中设有一个具有花键截形/花键轮廓的接纳孔23，该接纳孔用于接纳驱动轴的相应的花键轴截形。

Claims (8)

1.一种截止阀，具有以能绕转动轴线(4)摆动的方式支承在壳体(2)内部的、阀瓣状的截止机构(3)，该阀瓣状的截止机构包含相对于转动轴线(4)错位的阀盘(8)和在侧面的、用于接纳两个以能转动的方式支承在壳体(2)中的驱动轴(11、12)的两个毂部(9、10)，其特征在于，在所述两个毂部(9、10)上设有流动转向元件(19，20；21；22)，所述流动转向元件(19，20；21；22)被设计为延伸穿过毂部(9、10)的穿通部(19，20；21)和/或被设计为设置在毂部(9、10)上的引导肋片(22)，其中所述穿通部(19，20；21)从阀盘(8)的内侧穿过毂部(9、10)延伸到阀盘(8)的外侧。
2.根据权利要求1所述的截止阀，其特征在于，所述穿通部(19，20；21)取向成与截止机构(3)的转动轴线(4)平行、垂直或成其他角度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的截止阀，其特征在于，在所述两个毂部中设有多个取向不同或相同的穿通部(19，20；21)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的截止阀，其特征在于，所述穿通部(19，20；21)被实施为孔(19、20)或狭缝(21)的形式。
5.根据权利要求1所述的截止阀，其特征在于，所述引导肋片(22)布置成与阀盘(8)的转动轴线(4)成直角或成其他角度。
6.根据权利要求1所述的截止阀，其特征在于，所述阀瓣状的截止机构(3)包含盖板(13)，该盖板与阀盘(8)平行并通过间隔开的中间接板(14)与阀盘连接。
7.根据权利要求6所述的截止阀，其特征在于，在盖板(13)中设有至少一个通道(15)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的截止阀，其特征在于，盖板(13)中的所述至少一个通道(15)被实施为孔或狭缝的形式。
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US20150345661A1 (en) 2015-12-03

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