CN1052687A - 官能液 - Google Patents
官能液 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1052687A CN1052687A CN90110331A CN90110331A CN1052687A CN 1052687 A CN1052687 A CN 1052687A CN 90110331 A CN90110331 A CN 90110331A CN 90110331 A CN90110331 A CN 90110331A CN 1052687 A CN1052687 A CN 1052687A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- active agent
- tensio
- water
- composition
- bearing structure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010428 baryte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052601 baryte Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003653 coastal water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- -1 alkylbenzene sulfonate Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N EtOH Substances CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003165 hydrotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003976 glyceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(O[H])([H])C(O[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005233 alkylalcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005466 alkylenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005908 glyceryl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002563 ionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017464 nitrogen compound Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002830 nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium acetate Chemical compound [K+].CC([O-])=O SCVFZCLFOSHCOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTBPNLRZBMHGFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)-2-phosphonopropanoic acid Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)(C(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O JTBPNLRZBMHGFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LANDRZNMJOEVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethenoxypropane-1,2-diol Chemical group OCC(O)COC=C LANDRZNMJOEVQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-M 9-cis,12-cis-Octadecadienoate Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000004624 Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIWBPDUYBMNFTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCOS(O)(=O)=O KIWBPDUYBMNFTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005069 Extreme pressure additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHNFQKDPAXLPCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)O Chemical compound [K].C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C1=C(C=CC=C1)S(=O)(=O)O VHNFQKDPAXLPCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPDMMXDBJGCCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].[Cl] Chemical compound [Na].[Cl] DPDMMXDBJGCCQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M bisulphate group Chemical group S([O-])(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001970 hydrokinetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOYKHGMNXAOIAT-JGWLITMVSA-N isosorbide dinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[C@H]1CO[C@@H]2[C@H](O[N+](=O)[O-])CO[C@@H]21 MOYKHGMNXAOIAT-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000201 isosorbide dinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical class CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940049918 linoleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006194 liquid suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000005451 methyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229950000081 metilsulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- CQDGTJPVBWZJAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N monoethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(O)=O CQDGTJPVBWZJAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONLRKTIYOMZEJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methylmethanamine oxide Chemical compound C[NH+](C)[O-] ONLRKTIYOMZEJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001206 natural gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001476 phosphono group Chemical group [H]OP(*)(=O)O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940071089 sarcosinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- TZGWRTOSBWDHPO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-dodecyl-2,3-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(C)=C1C TZGWRTOSBWDHPO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/04—Aqueous well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/14—Clay-containing compositions
- C09K8/18—Clay-containing compositions characterised by the organic compounds
- C09K8/22—Synthetic organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/02—Well-drilling compositions
- C09K8/32—Non-aqueous well-drilling compositions, e.g. oil-based
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
- C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2208/00—Aspects relating to compositions of drilling or well treatment fluids
- C09K2208/06—Structured surfactants, i.e. well drilling or treating fluids with a lamellar or spherulitic phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/081—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
- C10M2201/084—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/086—Chromium oxides, acids or salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
- C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/105—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing three carbon atoms only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/107—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of two or more specified different alkylene oxides covered by groups C10M2209/104 - C10M2209/106
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/20—Containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
- C10M2215/204—Containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds containing nitroso groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/042—Sulfate esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/042—Metal salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/06—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/061—Metal salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Abstract
含水结构表面活性剂,例如层状体系或最好是任
意含有悬浮固粒的球晶体系用作官能液,例如钻井
液、切削液、液压液、传热流体、建筑泥浆和润滑剂。
Description
本发明涉及官能液,包括润滑剂,特别是钻井液和切削液,以及用于轴承、齿轮、机器等的较常规润滑剂,液压液和传热流体。
在此所用的“钻井液”是指用于在岩石上钻井以润滑和冷却钻头,并将岩屑从岩石表面带走的液体。在此所用的该术语也包括“隔离液”,其是在注水泥前用来清洗井壁。钻井液用于深井和井眼(尤其是油井和气井)的施工。为了方便起见,在此所用的钻井液这个术语也包括“建筑泥浆”,其是用于土木工程和建筑工业,通过防止暴露在水中的页岩的断裂来稳定孔穴和坑道。
“成形”是指用工具来改变固体工件的形状的任何过程,过程中产生了摩擦,这些过程包括钻孔、切削、研磨、镗孔、铰孔、弯曲、模压、冲压、锤击等等。
在此所用的“切削液”是指用于工件成形,尤其是用于金属加工工业的液体,该液体润滑和冷却钻头和切削、研磨和其它成形工具,这些工具包括车床、钻床、模具、冲床、削刀、铰床、砂轮等等。
“润滑剂”通常是指可减少运动表面之间的摩擦的液体,具体地包括切削液、钻井液和用于轴承、齿轮、机器、铰链和滑动表面的润滑液体。
“传热流体”是指用于将热量从较热的表面传到较冷表面或贮热的液体。
“液压液”是指在水压机和水压装置,例如液压动力机械、水力闸和液压控制系统、减震器和流控逻辑电路中传递压力和/或动能的液体。
在此所用的“官能液”是指润滑剂、传热流体或液压液。
“电解质”在此用来代表那些在水溶液中至少部分离解以提供离子的离子化合物,并且由于“盐析”作用该离子化合物的存在浓度往往会降低在该溶液中的表面活性剂的总溶解度(包括胶束的浓度)。在此所述的电解质的量或浓度是指总的溶解的电解质,但排除任何悬浮固体。
“胶束”是指球形或条形微粒,它们是由于表面活性剂分子的聚集而形成的,并且其半径小于表面活性剂分子的平均长度的两倍。胶束中的分子一般是这样排列的,即它们的亲水(“头部”)部分位于胶束的表面,疏水(“尾部”)部分在胶束的内部。
“双层”包括大约两个分子厚度的一层表面活性剂,其由两个相邻平行层形成,每一层都含有表面活性剂分子,这些分子是这样排列的,即分子的疏水部分位于该双层的内部,亲水部分位于该双层的外表面。在此所用的“双层”也包括交错层,它小于两个分子的厚度。交错层可以认为是一种双层,其中这两层是互相穿插的,使得在这两层的分子尾部之间至少一定程度的重叠。
“球晶”是指直径为0.1~50微米的球形或球状体。球晶有时可以变形成长球形、扁球形、梨形或哑铃形。“囊”是指含有以双层为界的液相的球晶。“多囊”是指含有一个或多个小囊的囊。存在于结构表面活性剂体系中的球晶一般是同心多囊。
“层状相”是指水合固体,或液晶相,其中大多数双层是以距离不定的基本上平行的阵列排列。并且该双层被水层或水溶液层分开,还具有非常规则的点阵间距25~约150nm,当该层状相的组合物的基本部分存在时,其点阵间距用中子散射或X射线衍射很容易测定出来。在此所用的表示法排除同心多囊。
“G”相是指液晶层状相,也是文献中已知的“净”相或“多层”相。对任何给定的表面活性剂或表面活性剂混合物来说,“G”相通常存在于一个窄的浓度范围内。纯“G”相通常可在偏光显微镜下在正交偏振棱镜之间对样品进行检测而鉴别出来。可根据Rosevear的经典论文,JAOCS Vol.31 P628(1954)或J.Colloid和Interfacial Science,Vol.20 No.4,P.500(1969)来观察纯“G”相的特征结构。在X射线衍射谱图或中子散射谱图中,“G”相通常显示出的重复间距为50-70nm。“扩张G相”是指具有重复间距为110~150nm的“G”相。
“球形G相”是指由与具有“G”相或扩张G相间距的含水相交替的表面活性剂双层的基本上同心的外壳形成的多囊。通常常规“G”相可含有少量球形G相。
“碱液”是指含有电解质的含水液相,该相是从含有比该碱液相更多活性组分和更少电解质的第二液相中分离出来的,或者分散在该第二液相中。
“层状组合物”是指这样的组合物,即该组合物中大部分的表面活性剂是以层状相存在,或者在该组合物中层状相是抑制沉积的主要因素。“球晶组合物”是指这样的组合物,即该组合物中大部分表面活性剂是以球形G相存在,或者该组合物主要是由球形G相来稳定以防止沉积。
“结构表面活性剂”是指流体组合物,该流体组合物具有剪切力,该剪切力取决于组合物的粘度和固体悬浮性,并且该流体组合物含有一种表面活性剂中间相,该中间相可任意地散布或分散在一般为碱液相的含水相中。例如,中间相可含有G相、球晶,尤其是球形G相或层状水合固体。
“增重剂”是指比重大于3.5,最好大于4的不溶颗粒矿物,例如重晶石或赤铁矿。
“钻井泥浆”是一种含有悬浮矿物颗粒例如岩屑和/或增重剂的钻井液。
官能液的主要问题是它们普遍都含有矿物油,这是潜在的污染物和易燃物。我们的发明就是解决这个问题。本发明需要使用含水结构表面活性剂,该含水结构表面活性剂对环境来说比矿物油更容易接受,它没有易燃物,并且还可具有相等或更优异的物理性能和化学稳定性。
本发明对钻井泥浆的储备方面特别重要。
油井中的钻井液通常被连续泵送到钻杆,穿过钻头上的小孔,然后通过钻杆和井壁之间的环形空间将泥浆压出地面,同时将岩屑带入悬浮液中。在地面上岩屑从钻井泥浆中分离出,钻井泥浆然后再循环。在注水泥之前,用隔离液代替泥浆将松散的颗粒从井中带出,这样就得到一个清洁的水润湿的表面,以使水泥能较好粘结。
在钻井或挖掘过程中某些岩石带来一些特殊问题,由于这些岩石势必在钻井液中破碎形成细粒,这些细粒很难从钻井液中分离出,它们能在循环流中迅速聚积使流体粘度增大。其中,主要问题是岩石是页岩时,这种页岩通常在水存在下破碎。
适合的钻井液需具有一定的粘度,该粘度在剪切条件下应足够低以便容易流动,而且该钻井液也应具有固体悬浮性。为了达到这些矛盾的需求,通常需要触变液体。并且该触变液体不应使岩石(如页岩)过度破裂。如果该钻井液用于深钻,则其必须是热稳定的,并且应防止流体过量地损失在岩层中,这是很重要的。
至今,使用油或水包油型乳液作为钻井液几乎总是达到这些要求。油包住了页岩颗粒,防止了页岩与水接触,从而抑制了页岩破碎。可是这样却产生了环境问题,尤其是在近海钻井操作中排出岩屑时更如此。为了避免严重污染,在岩屑可废弃前,必须将油从岩屑上清除。将油污染减至目前允许的程度是困难且昂贵的,而且即使这些少量的残油在生态学上也是不希望的,所以这就迫使我们要完全取代油基钻井液。
另外,可使用含有聚合悬浮剂或分散剂和/或膨润土的水溶液来悬浮岩屑,可减少对环境的污染,并且比使用油基泥浆也便宜一些,但是这仅适用于浅钻和岩层不存在特殊问题之处。对于深钻或者钻井或者挖掘要穿过钻油井或挖掘中经常遇到的难钻的岩层如页岩时,这种便宜的含水流体就不适用了。这种含水流体不具有足以经受深岩层高温的热稳定性,并且还会使得页岩破裂。这种含水流体的润滑性通常也不如油基泥浆。
已经做过一些试验来改善含有各种特殊添加剂如聚合涂层剂和有助于页岩稳定的高浓度电解质的含水钻井液的性能。这样做实质上增加了泥浆的成本,但没有能成功地提供一种有合适性能的含水流体来取代用于深钻的油基泥浆。可是环境方面的压力强烈地迫使石油公司采用相当昂贵而技术低劣的水基流体来代替常规的油基泥浆。
切削液通常用于金属表面来冷却和润滑钻头和切削工具,如锯床、车床、模具、冲床、砂轮、铰床和削刀,并将切屑从工件上洗掉。切削液通常是一种水包油型乳状液,它含有各种添加剂来改善润滑性和防止工件表面磨损。切削液的一个普遍问题是由于添加剂和/或油使得经常接触切削液的工人中流行皮炎。油的存在对环境来说也是不希望的。并且还有与其它官能液,例如常规矿物油润滑剂和液压液相似的环境问题。这些切削液也会引起火灾。
配制洗衣用洗涤剂和类似的洗涤制剂的工艺与配制润滑剂和液压液的工艺相差很大。在这两种工艺中需克服的问题通常是不相似的。可是,我们已经注意到液体洗涤剂经常需要悬浮的固体存在。例如,硬质表面擦洗乳油需要有研磨剂的存在,有效的洗衣用洗涤剂需要使用可少量地溶于或不溶于水的有效的助洗剂。通过利用电解质和表面活性剂之间的相互作用以提供基于表面活性剂中间相在含水电解质溶液中的触变分散或散布的固体悬浮结构来使这些问题得到解决。
GB2123846叙述了在液体洗衣用洗涤剂中分散于电解质溶液中的层状表面活性剂的应用。GB2123846中也提到一种不同的结构物,虽然还不能明确地鉴定,但存在于其它许多刊物上列举的配方中,这种不同的结构物含有一排球晶,每个球晶含有许多与电解质溶液的层相交错的表面活性剂的同心外壳。叙述了能显示出球晶或层状结构的配方的专利说明书包括:
AU 482374 GB 855679 US 2920045
AU 507431 GB 855893 US 3039971
AU 522983 GB 882569 US 3075922
AU 537506 GB 943217 US 3232878
AU 542079 GB 955081 US 3235505
AU 547579 GB 1262280 US 3281367
AU 548438 GB 1405165 US 3328309
AU 550003 GB 1427011 US 3346503
AU 555411 GB 1468181 US 3346504
GB 1506427 US 3351557
CA 917031 GB 1577120 US 3509059
GB 1589971 US 3374922
CS 216492 GB 2600981 US 3629125
GB 2028365 US 3638288
DE A1567656 GB 2031455 US 3813349
GB 2054634 US 3956L58
DE 2447945 GB 2079305 US 4019720
US 4057506
EP 0028038 JP-A-52-146407 US 4107067
EP 0038101 JP-A-56-86999 US 4169817
EP 0059280 US 4265777
EP 0079646 SU 498331 US 4279786
EP 0084154 SU 922066 US 4299740
EP 0103926 SU 929545 US 4302347
FR 2283951
不过在大多数情况下已呈现在所述配方中的结构物不足以稳定地将固体保持在悬浮液中。GB2153380叙述了球晶结构和制备一种密堆积的充满空间的结构的制备方法,这种结构很坚固,足以经受各种形式的剪切力和温度应力,但其流动性足以使其容易倾倒。该方法在严密的限定范围内需要最适合的电解质浓度。
在我们的待审批的英国专利申请8906234.3中,我们叙述了使用结构表面活性剂作为杀虫剂的载体。
我们的待审批的英国专利申请891925叙述了在基本上无电解质体系中得到固粒悬浮表面活性剂结构的方法。
现有技术中包括油基钻井泥浆和润滑剂的官能液含有少量表面活性剂作为油的乳化剂或泥浆的分散剂。通常,表面活性剂实质上是以单层的形式环绕在油或分散固体的胶态小滴或颗粒的周围。钻井泥浆中页岩的保护实质上是由于页岩上包有油。油基钻井泥浆的悬浮性和触变性是由分散的油滴的相互作用提供的。在无油泥浆的情况下,页岩的保护是由存在的聚合物提供的,该聚合物不可逆地包住了岩石颗粒,所以当岩石被分离出时,就消耗了一定量的聚合物。固粒悬浮性是由聚合增稠剂如羧甲基纤维素钠或异丁烯酸酯提供的。这样来稳定悬浮液是以流体的流动性为代价的。
电解质已经用于油基和水基钻井泥浆中来控制水的活性。如果电解质的浓度高到足以使泥浆的水活性降低到与页岩相同的程度,则不会发生页岩的水合作用。如果泥浆的水活性太低,则页岩将会脱水并变脆,如果泥浆的水活性太高,则页岩将水合并破碎,除非页岩和含水介质之间有一些保护隔离物。遗憾的是不可能始终如一地保持电解质在最佳量,因为矿物岩层含有可溶的盐,当该盐穿过井时将溶于泥浆中而改变电解质的含量。
现在我们已经发现含水结构表面活性剂对岩石和金属具有意外好的润滑性,即使在极压条件和极压添加剂不存在下也是如此。另外,这种结构表面活性剂显示出钻井液或液压液所需的流变性,并且有悬浮固体岩屑或切屑的能力,意外的是,它们保护了页岩免于破碎,即使在完全不存在任何油或保护聚合物的情况下也如此。我们相信页岩受到了表面活性剂层的保护。该流体可容易地从岩屑中分离出,并且任何残余表面活性剂可容易地用水从岩屑中洗涤出。洗净的岩屑没有生态危害,可安全地废弃。含水表面活性剂是一种结构表面活性剂,例如那些由表面活性剂与溶解的电解质相互作用所形成的表面活性剂,优选的是球晶体系。通常该表面活性剂含有分散在含水或含水电解质连续相中的表面活性剂/水中间相。
当用作钻井液时,球晶组合物的一个重要的且特别意外的特征是流体损失在岩层中很少,流体的损失明显的少于使用常用的钻井液时的流体损失,即使在没有常用的添加剂的情况下也如此。该结构表面活性剂可容易地配制成热稳定形式以便高温应用,如深钻。
在我们的发明中,悬浮性和页岩的保护基本上是由表面活性剂(最好和一些溶解的电解质一起)提供。然而我们不希望受到这些限制,我们相信表面活性剂可以可逆地包住页岩颗粒。这也有助于保持最佳的水活性。表面活性剂最好以球形G相、分散的层状相或胶囊的形式存在于我们的组合物中。
总之,我们的发明提供了含水结构表面活性剂作为官能液或在官能液中的应用。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,提供了结构表面活性剂作为液压液或在液压液中的应用。
根据本发明的第二个实施方案,提供了结构表面活性剂作为传热流体或在传热流体中的应用。
根据本发明的第三个实施方案,提供了使用结构表面活性剂来减少移动表面之间的摩擦。
根据本发明的第三个实施方案,该实施方案包括润滑轴承表面、齿轮等的方法,该方法是将含水结构表面活性剂施于轴承表面和齿轮等上面。
特别是本发明提供了一种钻井或金属或其它工件成形的方法,该方法包括用含水结构表面活性剂作为钻井液或切削液,该含水结构表面活性剂最好是一种含有表面活性剂胶束,或分散的层状固粒、球晶或G相表面活性剂的溶液,该结构表面活性剂的用量在通常的钻井条件下足以抑制页岩的破碎,或保护金属表面使其免于磨损,并能将岩屑或切屑保持在悬浮液中。
根据本发明的另一个实施方案,包括含水结构表面活性剂作为建筑泥浆或隔离液或在建筑泥浆或隔离液中的应用。
根据本发明的另一个实施方案,提供了一种含有含水结构表面活性剂和溶于其中的腐蚀抑制剂的官能液。
根据本发明的另一个实施方案,提供了一种含有含水结构表面活性剂的钻井泥浆,该含水结构表面活性剂最好含有:(A)一种连续含水相,(B)分散在上述含水相中的一种层状固体、球晶或G相表面活性剂结构物,其用量足以使其具有固体悬浮性,(C)页岩的悬浮固体颗粒和/或增重剂。
根据本发明的另一个实施方案,还提供了一种含有含水结构表面活性剂和含抗磨剂或润滑促进添加剂的切削液或其它润滑剂。
根据本发明的另一个实施方案,提供了一种含有高比热固体粒子(如磷铁)的传热流体。
本发明的组合物最好含有至少3%,通常至少4%,例如至少5%(重量)的表面活性剂。该组合物可含有高达约35%(重量)的表面活性剂,尽管从经济和流变学的角度来看,我们希望使用较低的表面活性剂浓度,例如少于30%,通常少于25%,最好少于20%,例如10-15%(重量)。
例如,该表面活性剂基本上含有至少少量的磺酸或单酯化硫酸的水溶性盐,例如,烷基苯磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、烷基醚硫酸盐、烯属磺酸盐、链烷磺酸盐、烷基酚硫酸盐、烷基酚醚硫酸盐、烷基乙醇基酰胺硫酸盐、烷基乙醇基酰胺醚硫酸盐或α-硫代脂肪酸或它的含有至少一个有8-22个,通常10-20个脂族碳原子的烷基或链烯基的酯。所述的烷基或链烯基最好是直链伯基团,但也可任意地是仲基或支链基团。上述“醚”是指氧化烯基和单一和混合的聚氧化烯基,例如,聚氧化乙烯基、聚氧化丙烯基、丙三基和混合的聚氧化乙烯-氧化丙烯基或混合的丙三基-氧化乙烯基、丙三基-氧化丙烯基或丙三基一氧化乙烯一氧化丙烯基,这些基团一般含有1-20个氧化烯基。例如,磺化的或硫酸化的表面活性剂可以是十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十六烷基苯磺酸钾、十二烷基二甲基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、牛脂基硫酸钠、油基硫酸钾、十二烷基单乙氧基硫酸铵或单乙醇胺十六烷基10摩尔乙氧基化硫酸盐。
根据本发明,其它有效的阴离子表面活性剂包括脂肪烷基硫代琥珀酸盐、脂肪烷基醚硫代琥珀酸盐、脂肪烷基硫代琥珀酰胺酸盐、脂肪烷基醚硫代琥珀酰胺酸盐、酰基肌氨酸盐、酰基牛磺酸盐(acyltaurides)、羟乙磺酸盐、皂例如硬脂酸盐、棕榈酸盐、树脂酸盐、油酸盐、亚油酸盐、松香皂和烷基醚羧酸盐和皂草苷。也可使用阴离子磷酸酯,包括天然形成的表面活性剂如卵磷脂。在各种情况下,阴离子表面活性剂一般含有至少一个8-22个,优选的为10-20个,通常平均为12-18个碳原子的脂肪烃链,一个可离子化的酸性基团,如磺基、酸式硫酸盐、羧基、膦酰基或酸式磷酸盐基团,在醚的情况下,表面活性剂含有一个或多个丙三基和/或1-20个乙烯氧基和/或丙烯氧基。
优选的阴离子表面活性剂是钠盐。其它商业上有意义的盐包括下列物质的盐:钾、锂、钙、镁、铵、单乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺和含有高达7个脂肪族碳原子的烷基胺,如异丙胺。
该表面活性剂最好含有非离子表面活性剂或由非离子表面活性剂组成。非离子表面活性剂可以是例如单或双低级链烷醇胺的C10-22链烷醇酰胺,例如椰子或牛脂单乙醇酰胺或二乙醇酰胺。其它的可任意存在的非离子表面活性剂包括乙氧基醇、乙氧基羧酸、乙氧化胺、乙氧基烷醇酰胺、乙氧基烷基酚、乙氧基甘油酯、乙氧基脱水山梨醇酯、乙氧基磷酸酯和所有上述乙氧基化非离子的丙氧基化、丁氧基化和混合的乙氧基/丙氧基和/或丁氧基类似物,所有上述物质都含有C8-22烷基或链烯基和高达20个乙烯氧基和/或丙烯氧基和/或丁烯氧基,或任何其它的至今被加入到粉末或液体洗涤剂组合物中的非离子表面活性剂,如氧化胺。后一种非离子表面活性剂一般含有至少一个C8-22,优选C10-20烷基或链烯基和高达两个低级(如C1-4,优选C1-2)烷基。
本发明优选的非离子表面活性剂是例如那些具有HLB范围为2-18(如8-18)的非离子表面活性剂。
我们的组合物可含有阳离子表面活性剂,该阳离子表面活性剂包括含有至少一个长链(如C12-22,一般为C16-20)烷基或链烯基,任意的一个苄基和四个取代基中其余为短链(如C1-4)烷基的季胺。该阳离子表面活性剂也包括有至少一个长链烷基或长链烯基的咪唑啉和季铵化咪唑啉,和有至少一个长链烷基和长链烯基的酰氨基胺和季铵化的酰氨基胺。季铵化表面活性剂通常都是阴离子的盐,该盐给出了水溶解性的大小,该阴离子的盐包括例如甲酸盐、乙酸盐、乳酸盐、酒石酸盐、氯化物、甲硫酸盐、乙硫酸盐、硫酸盐或硝酸盐。作为润滑剂特别有效的是有两个长链脂族烷基如牛脂基的阳离子表面活性剂,例如双牛脂基季铵和咪唑啉盐。
本发明的组合物可含有一种或多种两性表面活性剂,该两性表面活性剂包括由有一个长链烷基或长链烯基的适合的叔氮化合物与适合的试剂如氯乙酸或丙磺酸内酯反应生成的甜菜碱、磺基甜菜碱和二氧磷基甜菜碱。适合的含叔氮的化合物的例子包括:有一个或两个长链烷基或长链烯基和任意的苄基,另一个取代基为短链烷基的叔胺;有一个或两个长链烷基或长链烯基的咪唑啉和有一个或两个长链烷基或长链烯基的酰氨基胺。通常两性表面活性剂不如非离子或阴离子表面活性剂好。
上述具体的表面活性剂类型仅是适合用于本发明的普通表面活性剂的举例。本发明可使用任何表面活性剂。市售的表面活性剂的基本类型的详细叙述见Schwartz Perry和Berch的““Surface Active Agents and Detergents”。
通常我们希望用于本发明的表面活性剂应基本上无毒,尤其是对海上生物无毒,我们也希望该表面活性剂在高于100℃,最好高于120℃,特别是在高于150℃和例如用于深钻在高于180℃的温度下应是基本上稳定的。
溶解的电解质化合物是本发明组合物特别优选的组分。虽然在电解质不存在的情况下也能制备结构表面活性剂,但如果表面活性剂的浓度足够高,除非已精心选择了表面活性剂,否则该体系的流动性常常不够好。加入电解质就有可能制备含有浓度相当低的表面活性剂的流动的结构表面活性剂。
适合的电解质包括强无机酸的水溶性碱金属盐、铵盐和碱土金属的盐。特别优选的是钠和钾盐,尤其是氯化物。不过也可存在锂、钙和镁盐。有效的盐包括磷酸盐、硝酸盐、溴化物、氟化物、缩聚磷酸盐、膦酸盐、乙酸盐、甲酸盐和柠檬酸盐。在钻井液的情况下,用当地产生的天然盐水(如在近海操作情况下的海水)稀释表面活性剂浓缩物,从而在现场配制组合物,通常这是很方便的。这样可用来提供钻井液中全部或部分电解质的量。
电解质可以以高达饱和状态的浓度存在。一般表面活性剂的含量越少,则需要越多的电解质来形成能担载固体物质的结构。通常我们喜欢使用较高浓度的电解质和较低浓度的表面活性剂,并从经济上考虑选择最便宜的电解质。这样,电解质的存在浓度通常为至少0.1%(重量)(以组合物总重量计),至少0.5%较好,例如大于0.75%,最好大于1%。该浓度一般少于30%,小于10%更好,例如小于8%(重量)。通常该浓度在1%-5%之间。
除了其它许多因素外,最大的电解质浓度还取决于结构的类型,所需粘度以及成本的考虑。为了达到令人满意的流动性和悬浮固粒高负荷之间的平衡,我们希望形成如在我们的申请GB-A-2153380中所述的球晶组合物。对于任何特定类型和量的表面活性剂,电解质的最佳浓度可用我们上述申请所介绍的方法确定,即通过观察随着电解质浓度的增加导电性的变化,直到观察到开始的最小导电性。样品的制备和测定可用下述方法进行,即在20000G下离心90分钟,调节电解质浓度以得到在离心机中不分成两相的悬浮介质。
电解质的浓度最好调节到使组合物在室温或0℃或40℃下放置3个月而没有沉淀物。我们特别希望组合物在高压釜中在100℃下放置72小时后不出现沉淀或分成两层或多层的迹象。电解质的含量也最好调节到能提供一种剪切稳定的组合物,并希望组合物在经受通常的剪切后基本上不增加粘度。
另外,可加入足够的电解质以形成GB-2123846中所述的层状体系,例如,加入足够的电解质以确保液体悬浮介质在800G下离心17小时后分离形成含有几乎不含表面活性剂的碱液相。然后可调节配方中水的量以得到流动性和稳定性的最佳平衡。
在钻井泥浆和隔离液的情况下,通常希望将含有必要浓度的表面活性剂和电解质的液体加入到井中以形成固粒悬浮结构。可是,如果仅使用含水表面活性剂,在钻井穿过的岩石中形成的电解质盐有时就有可能就地形成这种固粒悬浮结构。为了使井中形成的电解质无机物溶解,通常希望使用含有小于电解质最佳量的含水体系。
所需电解质的量也取决于表面活性剂的性质和溶解性。通常具有高浊点的表面活性剂所需的电解质少于低浊点表面活性剂所需的电解质。使用有些表面活性剂,不需要电解质。
可用于本发明的无电解质组合物的表面活性剂或表面活性剂混合物一般是那些在室温下形成“G”相,但最好不形成M1相的表面活性剂。通常所说的含水表面活性剂浊点大于30℃,大于40℃较好,最好大于50℃。浊点高于60℃的含水表面活性剂是最合适的。另外,表面活性剂可具有一个低于30℃的反向浊点,通常低于20℃,低于10℃较好,最好低于0℃。反向浊点低于-10℃的表面活性剂尤其有效。反向浊点是某些非离子表面活性剂的特征,其中提高温度将使可引起分子的亲水部分产生水合作用的氢键断裂,这样就使得分子的溶解性更小。正常浊点更是阴离子或阳离子表面活性剂的特征。阴离子和非离子表面活性剂的混合物可显示出一个浊点和/或一个反向浊点。
通常希望表面活性剂存在的浓度应为组合物重量的至少1%,如至少3%,大于5%更好,尤其是大于8%,最好为10%-15%。表面活性剂的浓度的常用范围为6-15%,更好为7-12%。可使用的其它表面活性剂的浓度为组合物重量的1-30%,例如2-15%。我们希望在配方中任何电解质存在下,表面活性剂的浓度应足以提供具有Fann粘度计测定的塑性粘度为5-35CPS,即0.005-0.035Pa sec,优选为0.015-0.03,例如0.02-0.025Pa sec.的组合物。我们希望组合物的流动点应大于15lb/100ft2,较好为30-50,最好为35-45,例如40lb/100ft2。这些流动点分别约等于7.25Pa;14-25Pa;17-22Pa和20Pa。我们特别希望组合物应具有流动点与塑性粘度的比(分别用CPS和lb/100ft2单位表示)为1-2.5,尤其为1.5-2,例如1.8。这些比率相应约为:50-120;70-95;85(用SI单位表示)。
表面活性剂的浓度高于60%是可能的,但是至于对大多数本发明的可预见的应用来说,在工业上是不可行。
在无电解质体系中特别优选的是非离子表面活性剂和混合的非离子表面活性剂,尤其是脂肪醇乙氧基化物的混合物和脂肪醇乙氧基化物与脂肪酸乙氧基化物的混合物或混合的乙氧基化/丙氧基化醇和脂肪酸乙氧基化物。例如,含有一个或多个C10-C20平均脂肪醇和/或带有5-15个乙烯氧基和/或丙烯氧基的脂肪酸烷氧基化物的混合物是特别有效的。另一个可使用的非离子表面活性剂包括烷氧基化的烷基酚、烷氧基化的胺、烷氧基化的脱水山梨醇或脂肪酸的甘油酯和链烷醇酰胺如椰子单乙醇酰胺或椰子双乙醇酰胺和它们的混合物。
钻井泥浆含有悬浮的固粒,这些固粒可包括岩屑(如页岩)和/或增重剂(如重晶石或赤铁矿)。悬浮固粒的总量一般可由约5%(重量)变到高约60%(重量)或更高,优选为10-50%,例如35-45%。
所包括的增重剂的量最好足以使比重为1-1.8。
我们希望本发明的官能液应具有低发泡性。尽管选择特有的低发泡表面活性剂可得到这个特性,但我们也许可使用防沫剂,如硅油防沫剂、磷酸酯、脂肪醇或稍差些的烃油。一般需要防沫剂的浓度为0.1-5%(重量)。
该组合物可任意地包括悬浮剂如羧甲基纤维素或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,通常悬浮剂的量高达5%,如0.5-2%(重量)。可是由于成本和流变学的原因,我们最好避免使用这些悬浮剂。
我们希望本发明的钻井泥浆基本上不含有油或有机溶剂,即不含水可溶溶剂如较低级一元醇或多元醇、酮和聚醚,也不含水不溶溶剂如芳烃,并且也不含有任何水溶助长剂如尿素、苯磺酸盐或低级烷基苯磺酸盐。溶剂和水溶助长剂将影响表面活性剂的结构,并且实际上需要增加表面活性剂和/或电解质的用量。溶剂和水溶助长剂也提高了配方的成本,通常却没有提高性能。从环境角度来看,加入油和溶剂是很不希望的。因此,如果真的存在这些物质,我们希望油、溶剂和水溶助长剂每种含量少于10%,少于5%较好,最好少于1%,例如少于0.5%,通常少于0.1%,最好少于0.05%(重量)(以组合物重量计)。
根据本发明,切削液和用于轴承、齿轮等的润滑剂可任意地含有少量矿物油或植物油,或固体润滑剂,如悬浮于或乳化于含水结构表面活性剂的石墨。
我们希望聚合增稠剂(如树胶)不存在或存在浓度小于5%,最好小于0.5%,因为聚合增稠剂通常对稳定组合物是不必要的,并且它们提高了成本,增加了悬浮液的粘度。
本发明的钻井泥浆或其它官能液可任意地含有辅助结构剂,如膨润土,但是加入结构剂通常对防止流体损失是不必要的,并且可能不利于流变性。如果使用辅助结构剂,膨润土的量应不超过5%(重量)(以组合物总重量计)。可是,本发明的钻井液通常可允许有偶然由钻井中的矿物中得到的膨润土。
钻井泥浆可任意含有悬浮石墨以增加润滑性。
组合物可任意含有生物杀伤剂,如戊二醛,最好是四羟基甲基鏻盐如THP硫酸盐或其与戊二醛的混合物,以抑制硫酸盐还原细菌的生长,该细菌可引起管子的腐蚀、流体的浪费和/或影响岩层。
润滑剂可含有E.P添加剂,本发明的所有官能液希望含有防腐剂,如亚磷酸酯、膦酸盐、多膦酸盐、铬酸盐和锌盐。防腐剂最好是有机螯合剂或其它受含水溶液腐蚀的金属表面的腐蚀抑制剂。
用下列实施例对本发明进行说明,其中,除非有不同的说明,所有的比例都是用重量表示(以组合物的总重量计)。
实施例 1 2 3 4 5
AES 3.2 3 2.65 - -
IPABS 6.4 7 4.02 - -
LABS - - - 10.7 10.7
AO - - - 2.1 2.1
DEABS - - - 2.1 2.1
KCl 1 - 1 1.2 1.0
KA - 0.4 - - -
流动点Nm-235.43 24.42 18.19 6.22 4.79
塑性粘度(Pas) 0.015 0.043 0.021 0.025 0.02
YP/PV×10-323.62 5.68 6.66 2.49 2.4
页岩回收率,94.8 96.2 97.8 95.8 91.2
在R.T.下
页岩回收率, - 92.0 93.2 91.8 87.0
在60℃下
AES是C12-16烷基三摩尔乙氧基硫酸钠
IPABS是异丙胺C10-14直链烷基苯磺酸酯
LABS是C10-14直链烷基苯磺酸钠
AO是C12-16烷基二甲基氧化胺
DEABS是二乙醇胺C10-14直链烷基苯磺酸酯
KCl是氯化钾
KA是乙酸钾
实施例1、2和3是透明的胶束溶液。实施例4和5是不透明的球晶组合物。
所有5个实施例可将50gm重晶石在80℃在350ml上述组合物中悬浮18小时。
实施例6
将1118.7gm重晶石悬浮在1500.0gm 10%含水IPABS中制得钻井泥浆。该含水IPABS是一种不透明的球晶组合物,该泥浆形成了一种稳定的悬浮液。
实施例7
将1028.8g重晶石和3g硅酮防沫剂悬浮于1500g含有2.25%二乙醇胺、10.5%LABS和2.25%氧化胺的含水球晶组合物中制得钻井泥浆。
实施例8
将1094.6g重晶石、37.5g膨润土和3g硅酮防沫剂悬浮于10%含水IPABS中制得钻井泥浆。
实施例9
一种适用于近海钻探并使用海水的钻井泥浆含有8%LABS、8%椰子二乙醇酰胺和4%氯化钠。
实施例10
用斜管试验比较实施例6、7和8的产品与市售油基泥浆的沉淀作用。将含有试验泥浆的1m长孔径40mm的管在与垂线呈45°角的位置上放置120小时,120小时后,在油基泥浆的顶部35cm可观察到有少量不透明相分离出来,但在本发明的样品中观察不到这样的分离现象。
实施例11
市售油基泥浆与实施例6和7的产品在低压静态过滤方面进行比较。这样显示出泥浆损失流动至岩层中的趋势。结果列于表1。
表1
油基泥浆(对比) 实施例6 实施例7
滤饼厚度 1mm <1mm <1mm
排出的滤液 3.5ml 3.6ml 1.7ml
实施例12
用石油学会试验方法IP24169中叙述的FALEX方法试验实施例9中所叙述的组合物的润滑性。
一根清净的金属杆在两个V型块之间在逐渐增加负荷的情况下旋转,同时浸在试验润滑剂中,润滑剂不循环。
本发明的组合物与三种对比润滑剂,即水、矿物油和膨润土悬浮液对比。所有三种对比润滑剂都使金属杆停止了转动(分别在500lbf、1000lbf和1500lbf)。相反,本发明的组合物在所有施加的负荷下都给出极好的润滑性,包括在最大负荷4000lbf下。只有我们的润滑剂经受住了试验,金属杆没有停止转动。
实施例13
各种结构表面活性剂采用实施例12的试验与水、矿物油和非结构表面活性剂溶液进行对比。结果列于表2,其中所有的%都用重量表示(以组合物的总重量计)。润滑剂按在试验中性能提高的顺序排列。只有最后三个润滑剂经受住了整个试验,没有使金属杆卡住。
实施例14
一般的矿物油基液压液闪点为103℃。在此所述的本发明的实施例中没有一个显示出可测定的闪点。
实施例15
上述实施例13(ⅹⅲ)和14(ⅹⅳ)的组合物可用作机工车间的切削液。
这些组合物成功地用来代替钻床、车床和锯床上的切削液,可使金属平滑的成形,并且减少了工件的划痕或其它损伤,也延长了钻头和刀片的寿命。
Claims (22)
1、含水结构表面活性剂作为官能液或在官能液中的应用。
2、含水结构表面活性剂作为液压液或在液压液中的应用。
3、含水结构表面活性剂作为传热流体或在传热流体中的应用。
4、含水结构表面活性剂用来减小运动表面之间摩擦的应用。
5、含水结构表面活性剂作为钻井液、隔离液或建筑泥浆或在钻井液、隔离液或建筑泥浆中的应用。
6、一种在润滑表面上施用液体润滑剂来润滑表面的方法,其特征在于所述润滑剂含有一种含水结构表面活性剂。
7、一种用钻头或成形工具来钻井或成形工件的方法,其中将钻井液或切削液分别施用于所述钻头或成形工具上,其特征在于所述钻井液或切削液含有一种含水结构表面活性剂。
8、根据权利要求6和7之一的方法,其中所述结构表面活性剂包括一种分散有以层状固体、球晶或G相形式存在的表面活性剂的含水溶液,该表面活性剂的用量足以提供在钻井或成形过程中保护金属表面免于磨损和/或抑制页岩的破碎和/或将岩屑或切屑保持在悬浮液中。
9、一种官能液含有一种含水结构表面活性剂和溶解于其中的一种防腐剂。
10、一种钻井泥浆含有一种含水结构表面活性剂。
11、一种根据权利要求10的钻井泥浆含有悬浮于其中的页岩和/或增重剂的固体颗粒。
12、一种根据权利要求10和11之一的钻井泥浆含有重晶石和/或赤铁矿的悬浮固体颗粒。
13、一种传热流体含有一种含悬浮于其中的固体贮热介质颗粒的含水结构表面活性剂。
14、一种润滑剂含有一种含抗磨添加剂或润滑促进添加剂的含水结构表面活性剂。
15、一种根据权利要求14的切削液。
16、一种根据权利要求9-15任何一项的组合物,其中所述结构表面活性剂含有:
(A)一种含水相;
(B)一种分散于或分布于所述含水相中的层状固体、球晶或G-相。
17、一种根据权利要求16的组合物,其中所述含水相含有一种电解质溶液。
18、一种根据权利要求17的钻井泥浆,其中所述电解质至少部分是通过用盐水稀释所述泥浆而提供的。
19、一种根据权利要求18并用于近海的钻井泥浆,其中所述盐水是海水。
20、一种根据权利要求9-19任何一项的组合物含有悬浮的石墨固体颗粒。
21、一种根据权利要求9-20任何一项的组合物含有5-45%(重量)的表面活性剂(以组合物总重量计)。
22、一种根据权利要求9-21任何一项的组合物含有足够的电解质与所述表面活性剂一起提供一种稳定的固体悬浮球晶或层状组合物。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB898926885A GB8926885D0 (en) | 1989-11-28 | 1989-11-28 | Drilling fluids |
GB8926885.8 | 1989-11-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1052687A true CN1052687A (zh) | 1991-07-03 |
Family
ID=10667056
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN90110331A Pending CN1052687A (zh) | 1989-11-28 | 1990-11-23 | 官能液 |
Country Status (24)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0430602B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH03217499A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR910009899A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1052687A (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE127829T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU630524B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9006034A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2030694C (zh) |
CS (1) | CS590590A3 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69022371T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK0430602T3 (zh) |
DZ (1) | DZ1463A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2077040T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI905859A (zh) |
GB (2) | GB8926885D0 (zh) |
GR (1) | GR3017642T3 (zh) |
HU (1) | HU217913B (zh) |
IE (1) | IE65100B1 (zh) |
MY (1) | MY111587A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO301841B1 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ236238A (zh) |
PL (2) | PL166502B1 (zh) |
YU (1) | YU225990A (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA909531B (zh) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1049607C (zh) * | 1993-05-07 | 2000-02-23 | 奥尔布赖特-威尔逊英国有限公司 | 浓的水基表面活性剂组合物 |
CN1331978C (zh) * | 2004-12-09 | 2007-08-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种钻井液用聚合醇润滑抑制剂及其应用 |
CN100345950C (zh) * | 1999-10-21 | 2007-10-31 | 罗狄亚化学公司 | 片状微晶作为含水润滑剂中极压添加剂的用途,片状微晶及其制备 |
CN101760186A (zh) * | 2009-10-28 | 2010-06-30 | 无锡润鹏复合新材料有限公司 | 钻井液用复合型植物油润滑剂及其制备方法 |
CN102549124A (zh) * | 2009-08-07 | 2012-07-04 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 包含烷基醚羧酸的润滑剂组合物 |
CN104531117A (zh) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-04-22 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | 一种非温敏型溶致液晶溶油体系及其制备方法和用途 |
CN105315976A (zh) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-02-10 | 镇江市船山第二水泥厂 | 一种水泥浆 |
CN114717035A (zh) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-07-08 | 扬州大学 | 一种二元非水体系层状液晶润滑剂及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9215228D0 (en) * | 1992-07-17 | 1992-09-02 | Oilfield Chem Tech Ltd | Drilling fluid loss additive |
US6090762A (en) * | 1993-05-07 | 2000-07-18 | Albright & Wilson Uk Limited | Aqueous based surfactant compositions |
SK53294A3 (en) | 1993-05-07 | 1995-04-12 | Albright & Wilson | Concentrated aqueous mixture containing surface active matter and its use |
US6166095A (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 2000-12-26 | Albright & Wilson Uk Limited | Method of preparing a drilling fluid comprising structured surfactants |
GB2288409B (en) * | 1993-12-15 | 1997-12-03 | Albright & Wilson | Structured surfactants |
SE503485C2 (sv) * | 1994-10-03 | 1996-06-24 | Akzo Nobel | Användning av en alkoxilerad alkanolamid tillsammans med en jonisk tensid som friktionsreducerande medel |
US5607904A (en) * | 1995-04-13 | 1997-03-04 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Nonionic alkanolamides as shale stabilizing surfactants for aqueous well fluids |
GB2304754A (en) * | 1995-08-24 | 1997-03-26 | Albright & Wilson | Drilling fluids |
WO1997039083A1 (en) * | 1996-04-13 | 1997-10-23 | Albright & Wilson Uk Limited | Ammonium polyphosphate slurries |
US5919738A (en) * | 1997-01-24 | 1999-07-06 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Fluids for use in drilling and completion operations comprising water insoluble colloidal complexes for improved rheology and filtration control |
US6258859B1 (en) | 1997-06-10 | 2001-07-10 | Rhodia, Inc. | Viscoelastic surfactant fluids and related methods of use |
FI107163B (fi) * | 1997-08-29 | 2001-06-15 | Fortum Power & Heat Oy | Neste kostutus/sumutusjäähdytyslaitteistoihin |
GB9720014D0 (en) * | 1997-09-20 | 1997-11-19 | Albright & Wilson Uk Ltd | Drilling fluid concentrates |
FR2820431B1 (fr) * | 2001-02-06 | 2007-04-27 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Procede de deformation de metaux mettant en oeuvre un lubrifiant aqueux additive permettant d'augmenter la productivite |
US6422325B1 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2002-07-23 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Method for reducing borehole erosion in shale formations |
WO2003055456A1 (en) | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-10 | Rhodia Inc. | Stable surfactant compositions for suspending components |
US7429620B2 (en) | 2004-08-10 | 2008-09-30 | Inteveo, S.A. | Surfactant package for well treatment and method using same |
US9512345B2 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2016-12-06 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Settable spacer fluids comprising pumicite and methods of using such fluids in subterranean formations |
RU2474467C2 (ru) * | 2006-05-24 | 2013-02-10 | Марин 3 Текнолоджиз Холдингз (Пти) Лтд | Композиция, включающая поверхностно-активный ингредиент |
EP2136768B1 (en) | 2007-03-23 | 2018-10-17 | Solvay USA Inc. | Structured surfactant compositions |
JP5118906B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-09 | 2013-01-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 摺動構造 |
US20090036331A1 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2009-02-05 | Smith Ian D | Hydraulic fluid compositions |
DE102009036856A1 (de) * | 2009-08-10 | 2011-02-17 | Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co. Kg | Elektrische Maschine mit vor Stromdurchschlägen geschütztem Wälzlager und Getriebemotor mit einem solchen |
US9650558B2 (en) | 2011-02-02 | 2017-05-16 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Oil field treatment fluids |
JP5738737B2 (ja) * | 2011-10-19 | 2015-06-24 | コスモ石油ルブリカンツ株式会社 | 水系潤滑液組成物 |
CN105567187B (zh) * | 2014-10-13 | 2018-10-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 油包水乳化钻井液及其制备方法 |
EP3130653B1 (de) * | 2015-08-13 | 2018-11-21 | Fuchs Petrolub SE | Zusammensetzung zur minimalmengenschmierung und deren verwendung |
JP6710195B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-14 | 2020-06-17 | 花王株式会社 | レオロジー改質剤 |
JP2019112530A (ja) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-07-11 | 花王株式会社 | 粘度特性改良剤 |
CA3215511A1 (en) | 2019-03-20 | 2020-09-24 | Kao Specialties Americas Llc | Stable and flowable water-free based slurry compositions capable of suspending up to 75 wt.% of organic and inorganic materials for delivery in a concentrated liquid form useful in a wide range of oilfield applications containing such material |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE960921C (de) * | 1951-04-26 | 1957-03-28 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Hydraulische Fluessigkeit |
FR2024933A1 (zh) * | 1968-11-27 | 1970-09-04 | Chevron Res | |
US3746096A (en) * | 1969-10-31 | 1973-07-17 | Union Carbide Corp | Surfactant composition |
US3773110A (en) * | 1972-08-14 | 1973-11-20 | Continental Oil Co | Method of removing liquids and small solids from well bores |
US3948782A (en) * | 1973-06-29 | 1976-04-06 | Marathon Oil Company | Drilling with low viscosity fluids |
JPS5038672A (zh) * | 1973-08-09 | 1975-04-10 | ||
US4221229A (en) * | 1976-03-10 | 1980-09-09 | Marathon Oil Company | Retro-viscous fluidic fluid |
US4088583A (en) * | 1976-12-02 | 1978-05-09 | Union Oil Company Of California | Composition and method for drilling high temperature reservoirs |
CA1168846A (en) * | 1980-09-25 | 1984-06-12 | James C. Hatfield | Non-aqueous slurries used as thickeners |
US4793943A (en) * | 1983-12-22 | 1988-12-27 | Albright & Wilson Limited | Liquid detergent compositions |
US4534875A (en) * | 1984-01-13 | 1985-08-13 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for heat exchange fluids comprising viscoelastic surfactant compositions |
US4596662A (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1986-06-24 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Compositions for use in drilling, completion and workover fluids |
US4588032A (en) * | 1984-08-09 | 1986-05-13 | Halliburton Company | Fluid spacer composition for use in well cementing |
GB8616163D0 (en) * | 1986-07-02 | 1986-08-06 | Shell Int Research | Drilling fluid |
US4762625A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-08-09 | Great Lakes Chemical Corp. | Viscosifiers for brines utilizing hydrophilic polymer-mineral oil systems |
US4781849A (en) * | 1987-05-21 | 1988-11-01 | Aluminum Company Of America | Lyotropic liquid crystal metalworking lubricant composition |
-
1989
- 1989-11-28 GB GB898926885A patent/GB8926885D0/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-10-27 DZ DZ900214A patent/DZ1463A1/fr active
- 1990-11-23 DK DK90312776.9T patent/DK0430602T3/da active
- 1990-11-23 ES ES90312776T patent/ES2077040T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-23 CN CN90110331A patent/CN1052687A/zh active Pending
- 1990-11-23 EP EP90312776A patent/EP0430602B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-11-23 AT AT90312776T patent/ATE127829T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-23 DE DE69022371T patent/DE69022371T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-23 GB GB9025493A patent/GB2238560B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-27 ZA ZA909531A patent/ZA909531B/xx unknown
- 1990-11-27 IE IE427190A patent/IE65100B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-27 YU YU225990A patent/YU225990A/sh unknown
- 1990-11-27 CA CA002030694A patent/CA2030694C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-11-27 AU AU66960/90A patent/AU630524B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-11-27 NZ NZ236238A patent/NZ236238A/xx unknown
- 1990-11-27 MY MYPI90002096A patent/MY111587A/en unknown
- 1990-11-27 NO NO905126A patent/NO301841B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-28 BR BR909006034A patent/BR9006034A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-28 HU HU676/90A patent/HU217913B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-28 JP JP2323434A patent/JPH03217499A/ja active Pending
- 1990-11-28 PL PL90287984A patent/PL166502B1/pl unknown
- 1990-11-28 KR KR1019900019353A patent/KR910009899A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-11-28 PL PL90305846A patent/PL168089B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-11-28 FI FI905859A patent/FI905859A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-11-28 CS CS905905A patent/CS590590A3/cs unknown
-
1995
- 1995-10-04 GR GR950402755T patent/GR3017642T3/el unknown
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1049607C (zh) * | 1993-05-07 | 2000-02-23 | 奥尔布赖特-威尔逊英国有限公司 | 浓的水基表面活性剂组合物 |
CN100345950C (zh) * | 1999-10-21 | 2007-10-31 | 罗狄亚化学公司 | 片状微晶作为含水润滑剂中极压添加剂的用途,片状微晶及其制备 |
CN1331978C (zh) * | 2004-12-09 | 2007-08-15 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种钻井液用聚合醇润滑抑制剂及其应用 |
CN102549124A (zh) * | 2009-08-07 | 2012-07-04 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 包含烷基醚羧酸的润滑剂组合物 |
US9340745B2 (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2016-05-17 | Basf Se | Lubricant composition |
CN101760186A (zh) * | 2009-10-28 | 2010-06-30 | 无锡润鹏复合新材料有限公司 | 钻井液用复合型植物油润滑剂及其制备方法 |
CN101760186B (zh) * | 2009-10-28 | 2013-04-17 | 无锡润鹏复合新材料有限公司 | 钻井液用复合型植物油润滑剂及其制备方法 |
CN105315976A (zh) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-02-10 | 镇江市船山第二水泥厂 | 一种水泥浆 |
CN104531117A (zh) * | 2015-01-14 | 2015-04-22 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | 一种非温敏型溶致液晶溶油体系及其制备方法和用途 |
CN114717035A (zh) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-07-08 | 扬州大学 | 一种二元非水体系层状液晶润滑剂及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN1052687A (zh) | 官能液 | |
US5807810A (en) | Functional fluids and liquid cleaning compositions and suspending media | |
US5964692A (en) | Functional fluids and liquid cleaning compositions and suspending media | |
CN105647612B (zh) | 一种含有纳米碳材料的润滑脂及其制备方法 | |
CA3052272A1 (en) | Emulsified drilling fluids and methods of making and use thereof | |
CN1030325C (zh) | 油基钻井液及其胶化剂 | |
US7226896B2 (en) | Organic emulsion-breaking formula and its use in treating well bores drilled in oil-base mud | |
CN101760186B (zh) | 钻井液用复合型植物油润滑剂及其制备方法 | |
CN103819370B (zh) | 脂肪酸单乙醇酰胺琥珀酸酯磺酸盐及其制备方法及应用 | |
CN102093874A (zh) | 阴离子型纳米复合清洁压裂液及其制备方法 | |
CN103756771B (zh) | 一种抗磨微乳切削液及其制备方法 | |
CN102575021B (zh) | 用于制造钻井液的母料 | |
EP3668945A1 (en) | Oil-based drilling fluid compositions which include layered double hydroxides as rheology modifiers and amino amides as emulsifiers | |
CN102585785A (zh) | 一种改进油基钻井液流变性能的方法 | |
CN109971441A (zh) | 一种双连续相微乳液、其制备方法以及含有该微乳液的钻井液及其制备方法 | |
Aboulrous et al. | Review of synthesis, characteristics and technical challenges of biodiesel based drilling fluids | |
WO2016075052A1 (en) | Method of increasing lubricity of wellbore fluids | |
CN1235627A (zh) | 简化处理基于w/o转化乳液的工作液的方法 | |
CN101757983B (zh) | 一种钨矿浮选捕收剂及其应用 | |
CN102585794A (zh) | 一种无残渣阴离子压裂液 | |
GB2304754A (en) | Drilling fluids | |
CN1111670A (zh) | 结构化表面活性剂 | |
CN113286865A (zh) | 钻取井筒的方法 | |
CN105296060A (zh) | 一种新型水基金属加工液组分 | |
CN1266090A (zh) | 一种石材切割用冷却润滑液及制造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
CI01 | Publication of corrected invention patent application |
Correction item: Application Date Correct: 19911128 False: 19901123 Number: 27 Page: 35 Volume: 7 |
|
ERR | Gazette correction |
Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICATION DATE; FROM: 90.11.23 TO: 91.11.28 |
|
C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |