CN105248210A - Rice pollution-free area establishing method and rice planting method - Google Patents
Rice pollution-free area establishing method and rice planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105248210A CN105248210A CN201510806088.0A CN201510806088A CN105248210A CN 105248210 A CN105248210 A CN 105248210A CN 201510806088 A CN201510806088 A CN 201510806088A CN 105248210 A CN105248210 A CN 105248210A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rice pollution-free area establishing method and a rice planting method. Establishment of a rice pollution-free area is based on the requirements for address, natural environment and foundation building. The rice planting method mainly comprises the steps of seed selection, seed treatment, seedling raising, transplantation, reviving, heading, blooming, pest control, disease control and harvesting. In the planting process from area establishment to phase rice management, plant protection is conducted earlier, the amount of insecticide sprayed in the later stage is reduced greatly, pollution is reduced, and the method has great significance in establishing the rice pollution-free area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of rice cultivation, be specially a kind of Rice Non-polluted district and paddy rice planting method thereof.
Background technology
Since the eighties in last century, paddy rice medication, paddy rice fertilizer all have increased significantly, and according to statistics, are registered in paddy rice " three worms two are sick " namely: rice fulgorid, rice leaf roller and striped rice borer; Rice blast, the pesticide species in banded sclerotial blight, more than 200 kinds, also has the trend continuing to expand; And the usage amount of rice belt chemical fertilizer also increases year by year.The use of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer provides protection for ensureing that the high yield of paddy rice increases income, but the excessive use of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer also directly results in environmental pollution and paddy rice pollutes, and rice safety sex chromosome mosaicism is more and more serious.Along with social development, the demand of the people masses to safe rice product is growing, and there has been more and more urgent demand in society to pollution-free food, non-pollution rice and organic paddy rice etc.
Domestic scholar gets more and more to the research of non-pollution rice, such as: application number is CN104838933A, name is called a kind of invention of nuisanceless green paddy rice planting method, the method of cultivation duck in paddy field is adopted to carry out weeding to paddy rice, intertillage fertilising, plant out green non-pollution pollution-free rice, and by the weeds in field, insect cultivates the method for duck as feed, utilize the water in paddy field and duck to play with water and eat the characteristic of weeds, plant husbandry and aquaculture are organically combined, is built into the mutually beneficial complementary growing environment of a paddy rice-duck.Nuisanceless district is built in the mutually beneficial complementation of above patent utilization duck and paddy rice, and idea is fine, but it is large to implement difficulty, and especially during large generations of disease pest and weed, it is very difficult that light relies on that duck eats grass, carnivorism is dealt with problems, problems in addition in the process promoted.And for example: Granted publication is the invention of CN103518575B: a kind of non-pollution rice-planting method, passes through following steps: (1) chooses seeds; (2) sow; (3) put up a shed; (4) one leaf one heart stages; (5) two leaf one heart stages; (6) three leaf one heart stages; (7) after tri-leaf period; (8) rice transplanting; (9) panicle spike primordium differentiation stage; (10) full heading time; (11) disease control; (12) maturing stage.Below management mode is beneficial to for meticulously takeing good care of paddy growth stage by stage, but this management mode also has its drawback, and namely the extermination of disease and insect pest still adopts traditional control prece, still has room for improvement.Application number is the invention of CN103931370A: a kind of cultivation method of non-pollution rice, by the seed rice of preferred high-quality, high nutrition, high resistance to cold and diseases, by the process of seed disinfection, seed soaking, seedling, and then rice transplanting, weeding, applying organic manure, finally carry out the process of scientific application of irrigation and prevention and elimination of disease and pests.Its beneficial effect is: owing to have employed artificial or weeding by machine and applying fertilizer, improve the quality of paddy rice, it also avoid farmland simultaneously and suffer secondary pollution.More than invent and still there is the nonstandard situation of Pesticide use, such as license number is again: the cultivation method of the patent pollution-free rice of CN1111346C, by purification irrigation water, removal heavy metal in soil pollutes, replace with nuisanceless plant protection technology measures such as using toxic pesticides, in effective control rice, poisonous inorganic elements is below prescribed limit.This invention focuses on and controls poisonous inorganic elements in rice by purification irrigation water, operates comparatively loaded down with trivial details, but does not have to set up demonstration area truly, more difficult popularization.
Can find out, although a lot of for the research of Rice Non-polluted implantation methods, because it cannot accomplish mutual unification in plant protection technology, standardized management, truly will realize and obtain wideling popularize still difficult.
Summary of the invention
For above problem, the invention provides a kind of foundation and paddy rice planting method thereof of Rice Non-polluted district, be intended to solve current non-pollution rice-planting and be only confined to implantation methods, do not form system of systems, the more difficult problem realizing spread, the method that the technology of the present invention provides realizes non-pollution rice from system and moves forward from plantation, constituency, plant protection mode, minimizing later stage spray medicine number of times, sets up the problem of Rice Non-polluted growing area.
Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that
The foundation in Rice Non-polluted district, has following requirement:
(1) address challenges: physical features is smooth, fertile soil, irrigation conditions are good, Cheng Fang in flakes, landform is with square.
(2) natural environment requires: daylighting is good, around within 100km without producing chemical wastewater, the factory of waste material, annual temperature range at 5-28 DEG C, at annual more than 2000 hours sunshine, annual rainfall is more than 600 millimeters.
(3) capital construction requires: traffic convenience, close railway, highway, aviation major trunk roads, is convenient to communications and transportation; Rice management base is set up apart from supporting in nuisanceless district 1km; Set up isolation strip apart from 5km around nuisanceless district, forbid chemical substance to enter.
The paddy rice planting method in Rice Non-polluted district comprises the steps:
(1) choose seeds: select high yield, strong stress resistance, fullly to enrich, without the breeding of seed-borne disease; Plant purity more than 99.5%, germination rate is more than 95%, and moisture is lower than 10%.
(2) seed treatment is: select seed dry powder inorganic agent to do seed soaking to seed and disinfect, method is: bask seeds 12-20 hour, and soak seed 48-56 hour in medicament dilution 500 times, vernalization; The dry powder inorganic agent of described seed treatment is that 35% carbosulfan seed dry powder inorganic agent or 70% Imidacloprid wet seed dressing.
(3) seedling is: adopt dry rice seedling, seedling density is every square metre and broadcasts bud paddy 120-140 gram; Seedling field uses 500 grams/acre, normal root water; Described normal root water main component is thifluzamide, fluorine azoles bacterium acid amides, to dislike in mould spirit and malicious fluorine phosphorus a kind of or its combination.The Main Function that normal root water plays is that the soil in control nursery passes seed-borne disease, promotes root development, nurturing staff.
(4) transplant: manure use 3 tons in advance in the non-pollution rice district chosen, use slowly-releasing Kong Dan type composite fertilizer 25kg, Transplanting Density is 0.9-1.0 ten thousand nests/mu; Slowly-releasing Kong Dan type composite fertilizer during described transplanting is N-P-K content: 18-10-12.
(5) turn green: do not need again to topdress, directly use Weed removal medicinal fertilizer 5kg, be evenly sprinkled into field; Molluscicide is used to prevent and kill off Pomacea canaliculata; Described turning green uses that Weed removal medicinal fertilizer composition is Acetochlor, the composition of bensulfuron-methyl; The molluscicide used is Avermectin, the one of the methaldehyde or niclosamide ethanolamine salt or its combination.
(6) at heading stage: irrigated once lower than when 28 DEG C every 2 days at the maximum air temperature, irrigate once every day in the weather maintenance of the maximum air temperature higher than 28 DEG C.
(7) blooming stage: prevent rice blast in time at blooming stage, spraying time is before at 10 in the morning or after at 4 in afternoon.
(8) Control Insect Pests In Rice Field: use the agricultural chemicals preventing and treating rice hoppers, rice leaf roller and striped rice borer at period of seedling establishment.
(9) rice disease control: at the disposable agricultural chemicals applying the water prevention rice sheath blight of period of seedling establishment.
The agricultural chemicals of rice hoppers that what step (8) and (9) used prevent and treat, rice leaf roller and striped rice borer, rice sheath blight disease is granule, and during use, 0.07 hectare spreads fertilizer over the fields 1-10kg, can reach the lasting period of more than 1 month.The composition of the medicament used is as follows:
(10) picking time: use the combine in rice management base, with post-drying, storage or sale.Gather as using harvesting and drying integral machine to operate.
The foundation in Rice Non-polluted district of the present invention and paddy rice planting method thereof, have following outstanding substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement:
One, district is built in addressing.It is basic for selecting suitable plot to build Rice Non-polluted district, only establish area under one's jurisdiction and fundamentally could solve plantation drawback small and comprehensive, the construction in nuisanceless district mainly considers that soil regime, natural environment and infrastructure build, from planting to the pollution of receiving and guaranteeing to exempt from sewage fertilizer in the paddy rice in nuisanceless district; Unified Cultivate administration pattern in nuisanceless district, forms system simultaneously, is convenient to promote.
Two, administrative skill: in the management of non-pollution rice, plant protection reach is very important, traditional medication pattern not only waste water, take a lot of work, and availability is extremely low, runs off serious.In therapeutic regimen of the present invention, early stage controls soil insect, on the ground rice fulgorid and other insect, by the generation using Weed removal medicinal fertilizer to control weeds by using seed treatment, all medications use all in advance, in case Dai Zhi, greatly save Pesticide use, improve control efficiency simultaneously.Decrease simultaneously caused agricultural chemicals of spraying insecticide elegant, pollute, be highly suitable for build Rice Non-polluted district.
Specific embodiment
Inventor throughout the country paddy fields has carried out the enforcement of the technology of the present invention, all achieves good effect.
embodiment 1
implement place: Bengbu, Anhui Province Huaiyuan County
the enforcement time: in June, 2013
(1) address challenges: the present embodiment is carried out in a plot, place near the town of Huaiyuan County area just outside a city gate, this plot physical features is smooth, fertile soil, irrigation conditions are good, Cheng Fang in flakes, landform is with square; Area is about 5 mu.
(2) natural environment requires: daylighting is good, around within 100km without producing chemical wastewater, the factory of waste material, annual temperature range at 5-28 DEG C, at annual more than 2000 hours sunshine, annual rainfall is more than 600 millimeters.
(3) capital construction requires: traffic convenience, highway; Rice management base is set up apart from supporting in nuisanceless district 1km; Set up isolation strip apart from 5km around nuisanceless district, forbid chemical substance to enter.
The paddy rice planting method in Rice Non-polluted district comprises the steps:
(1) choose seeds: open excellent No. 17.
(2) seed treatment is: select the 70% Imidacloprid seed dressing that wets to do seed soaking to seed and disinfect, method is: bask seeds 12-20 hour, and soak seed 48-56 hour in medicament dilution 500 times, vernalization.
(3) seedling is: adopt dry rice seedling, seedling density is every square metre and broadcasts bud paddy 120-140 gram; Seedling field uses 500 grams/acre, normal root water; Described normal root water main component is for disliking mould spirit and malicious fluorine phosphorus, and the product of use is 3% evil mould Lingshui Spring agent and 30% malicious fluorine phosphorus wetting powder, and the two 1:1 coordinates.The Main Function that normal root water plays is that the soil in control nursery passes seed-borne disease, promotes root development, nurturing staff.
(4) transplant: manure use 3 tons in advance in the non-pollution rice district chosen, use slowly-releasing Kong Dan type composite fertilizer 25kg, Transplanting Density is 0.9-1.0 ten thousand nests/mu; Slowly-releasing Kong Dan type composite fertilizer during described transplanting is N-P-K content: 18-10-12.
(5) turn green: do not need again to topdress, directly use Weed removal medicinal fertilizer 5kg, 0.12% Acetochlor bensulfuron-methyl fertilizer granules is evenly sprinkled into field; 70% niclosamide ethanolamine salt wetting powder is used to prevent and kill off Pomacea canaliculata.
(6) at heading stage: irrigated once lower than when 28 DEG C every 2 days at the maximum air temperature, irrigate once every day in the weather maintenance of the maximum air temperature higher than 28 DEG C.
(7) blooming stage: prevent rice blast in time at blooming stage, spraying time is before at 10 in the morning or after at 4 in afternoon; With medicament is made to be the 30% Isoprothiolane missible oil that Guangxi Tianyuan Biochemical Co., Ltd. produces.
(8) Control Insect Pests In Rice Field: use 0.5% Diacloden Rynaxypyr (1:1) granule to prevent and treat rice hoppers, rice leaf roller and striped rice borer, mu 2-10kg at period of seedling establishment.
(9) rice disease control: at the disposable agricultural chemicals applying the water prevention rice sheath blight of period of seedling establishment.With medicament is made to be 0.7% thifluzamide granule, mu consumption 5kg.
(10) picking time: use the combine in rice management base and drying integral machine to operate.
Paddy rice per mu yield is 523.5kg then.After testing, each poisonous inorganic elements index all meets national regulation index.Below for detecting data:
。
Claims (7)
1. the foundation in Rice Non-polluted district, is characterized in that: described Rice Non-polluted district has following requirement:
(1) address challenges: physical features is smooth, fertile soil, irrigation conditions are good, Cheng Fang in flakes, landform is with square;
(2) natural environment requires: daylighting is good, around within 100km without producing chemical wastewater, the factory of waste material, annual temperature range at 5-28 DEG C, at annual more than 2000 hours sunshine, annual rainfall is more than 600 millimeters;
(3) capital construction requires: traffic convenience, close railway, highway, aviation major trunk roads, is convenient to communications and transportation; Rice management base is set up apart from supporting in nuisanceless district 1km; Set up isolation strip apart from 5km around nuisanceless district, forbid chemical substance to enter.
2. the paddy rice planting method in Rice Non-polluted district according to claim 1, comprises the steps:
(1) choose seeds: select high yield, strong stress resistance, fullly to enrich, without the breeding of seed-borne disease; Plant purity more than 99.5%, germination rate is more than 95%, and moisture is lower than 10%;
(2) seed treatment is: select seed dry powder inorganic agent to do seed soaking to seed and disinfect, method is: bask seeds 12-20 hour, and soak seed 48-56 hour in medicament dilution 500 times, vernalization;
(3) seedling is: adopt dry rice seedling, seedling density is every square metre and broadcasts bud paddy 120-140 gram; Seedling field uses 500 grams/acre, normal root water;
(4) transplant: manure use 3 tons in advance in the non-pollution rice district chosen, use slowly-releasing Kong Dan type composite fertilizer 25kg, Transplanting Density is 0.9-1.0 ten thousand nests/mu;
(5) turn green: do not need again to topdress, directly use Weed removal medicinal fertilizer 5kg, be evenly sprinkled into field; Molluscicide is used to prevent and kill off Pomacea canaliculata;
(6) at heading stage: irrigated once lower than when 28 DEG C every 2 days at the maximum air temperature, irrigate once every day in the weather maintenance of the maximum air temperature higher than 28 DEG C;
(7) blooming stage: prevent rice blast in time at blooming stage, spraying time is before at 10 in the morning or after at 4 in afternoon;
(8) Control Insect Pests In Rice Field: use the agricultural chemicals preventing and treating rice hoppers, rice leaf roller and striped rice borer at period of seedling establishment;
(9) rice disease control: at the disposable agricultural chemicals applying the water prevention rice sheath blight of period of seedling establishment;
(10) picking time: use the combine in rice management base, with post-drying, storage or sale.
3. paddy rice planting method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the dry powder inorganic agent of seed treatment is that 35% carbosulfan seed dry powder inorganic agent or 70% Imidacloprid wet seed dressing in described step (2).
4. paddy rice planting method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the normal root water main component that seedling uses in described step (3) is thifluzamide, fluorine azoles bacterium acid amides, dislike a kind of in mould spirit and malicious fluorine phosphorus or its combination.
5. paddy rice planting method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: slowly-releasing Kong Dan type composite fertilizer when transplanting in described step (4) is N-P-K content: 18-10-12.
6. paddy rice planting method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: turning green in described step (5), use Weed removal medicinal fertilizer composition is Acetochlor, the composition of bensulfuron-methyl; The molluscicide used is Avermectin, the one of the methaldehyde or niclosamide ethanolamine salt or its combination.
7. paddy rice planting method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: gather in described step (10) as using harvesting and drying integral machine to operate.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106561691A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-04-19 | 许海波 | Molluscicide used for paddy field |
| CN107751219A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2018-03-06 | 江苏辉丰农化股份有限公司 | Insecticides with synergistic effect |
| CN112154878A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-01 | 嘉善县农星植保专业合作社 | Healthy rice cultivation method based on whole-course green pest control |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103039313A (en) * | 2012-12-22 | 2013-04-17 | 苍溪县农业技术推广站 | Pollution-free high-yield rice cultivating method |
| CN103444477A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-18 | 吴洁远 | Super rice strengthening and harm control cultivation method based on prevention and control of diseases, insects, lodging and pollution |
-
2015
- 2015-11-20 CN CN201510806088.0A patent/CN105248210A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103039313A (en) * | 2012-12-22 | 2013-04-17 | 苍溪县农业技术推广站 | Pollution-free high-yield rice cultivating method |
| CN103444477A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-18 | 吴洁远 | Super rice strengthening and harm control cultivation method based on prevention and control of diseases, insects, lodging and pollution |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 安徽省质量技术监督局: "安徽省绿色食品原料（水稻）标准化生产基地管理准则", 《安徽省地方标准》 * |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107751219A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2018-03-06 | 江苏辉丰农化股份有限公司 | Insecticides with synergistic effect |
| CN106561691A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-04-19 | 许海波 | Molluscicide used for paddy field |
| CN112154878A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-01-01 | 嘉善县农星植保专业合作社 | Healthy rice cultivation method based on whole-course green pest control |
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