CN105248189A - Seedling culture device and seedling culture method for promoting paddy rice tillering premature - Google Patents

Seedling culture device and seedling culture method for promoting paddy rice tillering premature Download PDF

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CN105248189A
CN105248189A CN201510594281.2A CN201510594281A CN105248189A CN 105248189 A CN105248189 A CN 105248189A CN 201510594281 A CN201510594281 A CN 201510594281A CN 105248189 A CN105248189 A CN 105248189A
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seedling
alms bowl
cultivation
bowl body
plate
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CN105248189B (en
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向镜
朱德峰
苏柏元
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China National Rice Research Institute
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China National Rice Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention provides a seedling culture device for promoting paddy rice tillering premature. The device comprises a growing tray and a hole pressing roller. The growing tray comprises a large bowl-growing tray, and a plurality of bowl bodies arranged in the large bowl-growing tray and used for growing seedlings. The area of the top surface of the bowl body is larger than the area of the bottom surface. The bottom of the bowl body is provided with a hole. The surface of the hole pressing roller is provided with a plurality of bulges. The area of the bottom surface of the bulge is larger than the area of the top surface. The invention also provides a seedling culture method for promoting paddy rice tillering premature. In a use process of the seedling culture device, the hole pressing roller forms holes in a seedling growing base material, so as to realize positioning and quantitative sowing. The large bowl-growing tray can realize dry rice-nursery. The bowl bodies can make root systems of seedlings coiled in the bowls with soil. When the seedlings are pulled out, pot seedlings coiled in the soil are pulled out, and are planted in field without injured roots and injured seedlings. Thus, effects of rapid green returning, early tillering, more tillering on lower positions, and increasing ears, expanding ears, and increasing yield are achieved.

Description

A kind ofly promote the seedling nursing device that Shui Dao Fen Tiller early sends out and seedling-cultivating method
Technical field
The invention belongs to Rice Cropping technical field, particularly relate to seedling nursing device and seedling-cultivating method that a kind of rent Shui Dao Fen Tiller early sends out.
Background technology
Improving constantly paddy rice yield per unit area is the important channel solving China's grain security.In recent years, due to the progress of breeding and Super-high-yielding Cultivation in Rice technology, the every per mu yield of China's part province super high-yielding rice tackling key problem field reaches thousand kilograms.Aborning, the main planting patterns of paddy rice is seedling raising and transplanting, and because the seedling of hindering of plantation hinders root during rice transplanting, turn green after causing transplanting slow, the time is long, the time of turning green according to the quality of seedlings and planting effect, general 5-15 days.The growth tillered in the long serious restriction paddy rice status of period of seedling establishment and birth, and early growth.Paddy rice is the crop that tillers, and tillering of paddy rice is carried out with stretching rule according to leaf, tiller.Rice tillering mostly occurs on the tillering node of basal internode.Tiller position is lower, tillers and occurs more early, and just the more, the possibility of Cheng Sui is larger, and this tillering becomes effective tiller for the blade on tillering.Being born that slow high tiller position tillers then mostly can not Cheng Sui, becomes ineffective tillering.The birth of tillering early late and status tiller number at identical temperature, illumination, moisture, nutrient supply, and rice transplanting depth condition, closely related with rice shoot speed of turning green.Therefore, will take to cultivate strong seedling on producing, promoting early to send out is strive for early tillering, tillering and low position tiller more, reaches the object increasing the large fringe volume increase of fringe.
Tradition paddy drought seedling method selects suitable nonirrigated farmland, and hack of turning over, executes organic and inorganic fertilizer, after planting covers with soil, water.As Chinese patent literature CN103283547A discloses a kind of nursery field planting method that rice tillering is early sent out that promotes, the method mainly adopts the point disk seedling growing of triplet formula, and during seedling, the space of seedling growth is large, and can realize wide-and narrow-row dislocation field planting.But, tradition paddy drought seedling method is directly in nonirrigated farmland soil farming seedling, rice shoot root system penetrates nursery soil arbitrarily, although the root growth of rice shoot is healthy and strong, but cause root system Cross Trade knot between rice shoot because rice shoot root system grows arbitrarily, cause rice shoot root system to fracture when pulling up seedlings or damage serious, and time-consuming taking a lot of work of pulling up seedlings, bring difficulty of pulling up seedlings.Although tradition dry rice seedling seedling quality is better than watery ricenursery, after pulling up seedlings, the earth of rice shoot root band is less, and after causing shoot transplanting equipment land for growing field crops, survival rate is low, and rice shoot time of turning green is long, affect paddy rice early morning long problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides and a kind ofly promote the seedling nursing device that Shui Dao Fen Tiller early sends out and seedling-cultivating method, seedling nursing device provided by the invention cultivates the rice shoot of 20-30 days, do not hinder root and hinder seedling phenomenon, plant and turn green soon in land for growing field crops, early go out to tiller, low position tiller is many, reaches and increases the large fringe effect of increasing production of fringe.
The seedling nursing device that promotion Shui Dao Fen Tiller provided by the invention early sends out, comprises seedling-cultivation plate and pressure cave cylinder; Wherein, described seedling-cultivation plate comprise large seedling cultivation in earthen plate and to be arranged in described large seedling cultivation in earthen plate, for multiple alms bowl bodies of seedling, the area of described alms bowl body end face is greater than the area of bottom surface, arranges porose bottom described alms bowl body;
Described pressure cave cylinder surface is provided with multiple projection, and the area of described protruding bottom surface is greater than the area of end face.
See the structural representation of the seedling nursing device that Fig. 1, Fig. 1 provide for the embodiment of the present invention, wherein, 1 is seedling-cultivation plate, and 2 is pressure cave cylinder.
Seedling-cultivation plate provided by the invention comprise large seedling cultivation in earthen plate 11 and to be arranged in described large seedling cultivation in earthen plate, for multiple alms bowl bodies 12 of seedling, wherein, large seedling cultivation in earthen plate 11 is tray type structure, its material can be plastics, and it can be rectangle, and long is 60cm, wide is 30cm, and thickness is 0.5 ~ 1.5mm.
Be provided with multiple alms bowl body 12 for seedling in large seedling cultivation in earthen plate 11, carry out structure explanation for one of them alms bowl body.Alms bowl body 12 is structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and namely the area of its end face is greater than the area of bottom surface.The end face of alms bowl body 12 can be rectangle, and the length of its end face is 3 ~ 4cm, and wide is 2 ~ 3cm, and the bottom surface of alms bowl body 12 can be square, and its bottom surface is long is 1cm, and wide is 1cm.The height of described alms bowl body is 3 ~ 4cm.
Arrange porose bottom alms bowl body 12, this hole can be circular hole, and the diameter of described circular hole is 0.5cm.The effect in this hole is draining and realizes air exchange.
The specification of alms bowl body 12 can be 9 caves, cave × 14 or 12 caves, cave × 14.
Seedling-cultivation plate provided by the invention also comprises pressure cave cylinder 2, and pressure cave cylinder 2 can be internal solid cylinder device, and its surface is provided with multiple protruding 21, and the area of the bottom surface (namely with the face of pressing cave cylinder contact) of projection 21 is greater than the area of end face.In one embodiment, the bottom surface of protruding 21 is square, and it is long is 2cm, and wide is 2cm; The end face of protruding 21 is square, and it is long is 1cm, and wide is 1cm.The height of protruding 21 is 1.5cm.
Sow for the ease of positioning and quantitative, protruding 21 arrange in matrix, and the quantity of row's projection is identical with the quantity in the cave of large seedling cultivation in earthen plate width, and the spacing of each row's projection is identical with the spacing of large seedling cultivation in earthen plate width alms bowl body; Or the quantity of a row projection is identical with the quantity in the cave of large seedling cultivation in earthen plate width, the spacing of each row projection is identical with the spacing of large seedling cultivation in earthen plate width alms bowl body.
Seedling nursing device provided by the invention uses in accordance with the following methods:
Seedling medium is placed in each alms bowl body, by pressure cave roller compaction, meanwhile, the projection of pressure cave cylinder surface forms cave in seedling medium, is sowed at by rice paddy seed in cave, after covering, seedling nursing device is placed in seedling bed and carries out nursery.
In the use procedure of described seedling nursing device, pressure cave cylinder forms cave and realizes positioning and quantitative sowing in seedling raising ground substance, and large seedling cultivation in earthen plate can realize dry rice seedling, alms bowl body can make rice shoot root system dish tie in the native alms bowl of band, is extracted by the pot seedling of dish knot in soil when playing seedling, be planted in land for growing field crops, do not hinder root and hinder seedling phenomenon, thus reach and turn green fast, early go out to tiller, low position tiller is many, increases the effect of the large fringe volume increase of fringe.
Present invention also offers a kind of seedling-cultivating method that Shui Dao Fen Tiller early sends out that promotes, comprising:
There is provided seedling nursing device, described seedling nursing device comprises seedling-cultivation plate and pressure cave cylinder; Wherein, described seedling-cultivation plate comprise large seedling cultivation in earthen plate and to be arranged in described large seedling cultivation in earthen plate, for multiple alms bowl bodies of seedling, the area of described alms bowl body end face is greater than the area of bottom surface, arranges porose bottom described alms bowl body; Described pressure cave cylinder surface is provided with multiple projection, and the area of described protruding bottom surface is greater than the area of end face;
Seedling raising ground substance is loaded in each alms bowl body, adopt pressure cave roller compaction, form the cave adapted with described projection simultaneously;
In described cave, be sown into rice paddy seed, covering is placed on seedling bed and carries out nursery.
Described seedling bed is mud seedling plate, is placed in by seedling nursing device on seedling bed, makes to insert in seedling bed earth bottom each alms bowl body, and insertion depth is 1 ~ 1.5cm, carries out nursery after pouring water.
When using mud seedling plate, pour water and make the water surface higher than mud seedling plate 1 ~ 1.5cm, Nutrition Soil in seedling-cultivation plate is fully absorbed water to saturated, then draining makes seedling plate surface no water layer, water layer is kept in seedling plate inter-drain, non-woven fabrics on seedling-cultivation plate Middle nutrition soil abundant water suction bonnet, makes the temp. and humidity between seedling dish consistent, is convenient to emerge neatly.Non-woven fabrics is thrown off after bud mutation is green.Single cropping rice rice transplanting after general 15 ~ 18 days, drains the water in seedling plate inter-drain before sampling, make seedling dish Middle nutrition soil water content be down to 75% of saturation moisture content and be convenient to rice shoot taking-up and do not damage nutritive cube.The urea liquid of transplanting foliage-spray 100ppm the previous day transfers fertilizer as sending.The seedling block planting of taking out enters land for growing field crops, and during planting, flicking seedling block makes seedling block base portion enter 1 ~ 2cm in mud.After transplanting completes second day, the existing part of root of rice shoot penetrated in the earth of land for growing field crops, and light irrigation keeps the field depth of water 2 ~ 3cm.
When described seedling bed is nonirrigated farmland seedling plate, seedling bedside degree is about 1.5 meters, and it is highly the little ridge of 4 ~ 5cm that seedling bed surrounding has, and spreads the fine sand of about 1cm bottom seedling bed after smooth compacting, seedling-cultivation plate is put into after seedling bed sequences, pour water, the water surface, lower than seedling-cultivation plate surface 2 ~ 2.5cm, makes the Nutrition Soil in seedling-cultivation plate fully absorb water to saturated, then in seedling bed, water falls dry naturally, non-woven fabrics on seedling-cultivation plate Middle nutrition soil abundant water suction bonnet, makes the temp. and humidity between seedling-cultivation plate consistent, is convenient to emerge neatly.Non-woven fabrics is thrown off after bud mutation is green.Single cropping rice rice transplanting after general 15 ~ 18 days, makes seedling dish Middle nutrition soil water content be down to 75% of saturation moisture content and is convenient to rice shoot taking-up and does not damage nutritive cube.The urea liquid of transplanting foliage-spray 100ppm the previous day transfers fertilizer as sending.The seedling block planting of taking out enters land for growing field crops, and during planting, flicking seedling block makes seedling block base portion enter 1 ~ 2cm in mud.After transplanting completes second day, the existing part of root of rice shoot penetrated in the earth of land for growing field crops, and light irrigation keeps field depth of water 2-3cm
Seedling raising device provided by the invention is reached early growth and quick tiller in strong sprout by the space shared by increase unit seedling cultivation, measure such as pressure cave positioning planting and seedling planting etc., is formed the object of large tiller Cheng great Sui high yield, solves the problems such as rice shoot individual difference is large, grown in field is unbalanced simultaneously.Seedling raising device provided by the invention cultivates the rice shoot of 20 ~ 30 days, and the pot seedling of dish knot in soil, in the native alms bowl of band, is extracted when playing seedling by root system dish knot, be planted in land for growing field crops, do not hinder root and hinder seedling phenomenon, can reach and turn green soon, early go out to tiller, low position tiller is many, reaches and increases the large fringe effect of increasing production of fringe.Meanwhile, seedling provided by the invention and Transplanting pattern ensure that paddy rice joint position is all in field soil surface, and rice shoot, without period of seedling establishment, ensure the large tiller of the quick tiller formation in low joint position, thus the large fringe required for Super-high-yielding is taken a firm foundation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of seedling raising device provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Seedling nursing device shown in Fig. 1, comprises seedling-cultivation plate 1 and pressure cave cylinder 2.
Wherein, seedling-cultivation plate 1 comprise large seedling cultivation in earthen plate 11 and to be arranged in described large seedling cultivation in earthen plate, for multiple alms bowl bodies 12 of seedling, wherein, large seedling cultivation in earthen plate 11 be tray type structure, and its material is plastics, and long is 60cm, and wide is 30cm, and thickness is 1mm.
Alms bowl body 12 is structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the length of its end face is 3 ~ 4cm, and wide is 2 ~ 3cm, and bottom surface is long is 1cm, and wide is 1cm.The height of described alms bowl body is 3 ~ 4cm.The circular hole that diameter is 0.5cm is set bottom alms bowl body 12.The specification of alms bowl body 12 is 9 caves, cave × 14.
Pressure cave cylinder 2 is internal solid cylinder device, and its surface is provided with multiple protruding 21, and the length of the bottom surface of projection 21 is 2cm, and wide is 2cm; The end face of protruding 21 is square, and it is long is 1cm, and wide is 1cm.The height of protruding 21 is 1.5cm.Protruding 21 arrange in matrix, and the quantity of row's projection is identical with the quantity in the cave of large seedling cultivation in earthen plate width, and the spacing of each row's projection is identical with the spacing of large seedling cultivation in earthen plate width alms bowl body.
Embodiment 2
The seedling raising device utilizing embodiment 1 to provide carries out seedling:
Seedling Nutrition Soil loads in the alms bowl body 12 of seedling-cultivation plate, the Nutrition Soil of removing seedling-cultivation plate excess surface, adopt pressure cave cylinder 2 in alms bowl while of Nutrition Soil compacting Formation Depth be about 0.5cm square hole, bud paddy bud being about 1mm is sown in the square hole pressed, 2 ~ 3, every hole seed.Broadcasting after planting adopts Nutrition Soil to cover seed, does not expose for easily with just seed.The seedling-cultivation plate broadcast after planting is put on ready seedling bed, seedling bed is mud seedling plate, seedling plate width is about 1.3 meters, after seedling dish is put into mud seedling plate, alms bowl body bottom is pressed in mud, the degree of depth 1 ~ 1.5cm, after seedling-cultivation plate sequences on seedling plate, pour water in rice seedling bed, and the water surface is higher than seedling plate 1 ~ 1.5cm, Nutrition Soil in seedling-cultivation plate is fully absorbed water to saturated, then draining makes seedling plate surface no water layer, keeps water layer in seedling plate inter-drain, non-woven fabrics on seedling-cultivation plate Middle nutrition soil abundant water suction bonnet, make the temp. and humidity between seedling-cultivation plate consistent, be convenient to emerge neatly.Non-woven fabrics is thrown off after bud mutation is green.Single cropping rice rice transplanting after general 15 ~ 18 days, drains the water in seedling plate inter-drain before sampling, make seedling-cultivation plate Middle nutrition soil water content be down to 75% of saturation moisture content, be convenient to rice shoot and take out and do not damage nutritive cube.The urea liquid of transplanting foliage-spray 100ppm the previous day transfers fertilizer as sending.The seedling block planting of taking out enters land for growing field crops, and during planting, flicking seedling block makes seedling block base portion enter 1 ~ 2cm in mud.After transplanting completes second day, the existing part of root of rice shoot penetrated in the earth of land for growing field crops, and light irrigation keeps the field depth of water 2 ~ 3cm.
Embodiment 3
The seedling raising device utilizing embodiment 1 to provide carries out seedling:
Seedling Nutrition Soil loads in the alms bowl body 12 of seedling-cultivation plate, the Nutrition Soil of removing seedling-cultivation plate excess surface, adopt pressure cave cylinder 2 in alms bowl while of Nutrition Soil compacting Formation Depth be about 0.5cm square hole, bud paddy bud being about 1mm is sown in the square hole pressed, 2 ~ 3, every hole seed.Broadcasting after planting adopts Nutrition Soil to cover seed, does not expose for easily with just seed.The seedling-cultivation plate broadcast after planting is put on ready seedling bed, seedling bed is nonirrigated farmland seedling plate, seedling bedside degree is about 1.5 meters, it is highly the little ridge of 4 ~ 5cm that seedling bed surrounding has, the fine sand of about 1cm is spread after smooth compacting bottom seedling bed, seedling-cultivation plate is put into after seedling bed sequences, pour water, the water surface is lower than seedling-cultivation plate surface 2 ~ 2.5cm, Nutrition Soil in seedling-cultivation plate is fully absorbed water to saturated, then in seedling bed, water falls dry naturally, non-woven fabrics on seedling-cultivation plate Middle nutrition soil abundant water suction bonnet, make the temp. and humidity between seedling-cultivation plate consistent, be convenient to emerge neatly.Non-woven fabrics is thrown off after bud mutation is green.Single cropping rice rice transplanting after general 15 ~ 8 days, makes seedling-cultivation plate Middle nutrition soil water content be down to 75% of saturation moisture content, is convenient to rice shoot and takes out and do not damage nutritive cube.The urea liquid of transplanting foliage-spray 100ppm the previous day transfers fertilizer as sending.The seedling block planting of taking out enters land for growing field crops, and during planting, flicking seedling block makes seedling block base portion enter 1 ~ 2cm in mud.After transplanting completes second day, the existing part of root of rice shoot penetrated in the earth of land for growing field crops, and light irrigation keeps the field depth of water 2 ~ 3cm.
As shown in table 1, adopt the method seedling of the embodiment of the present invention 3, emergence rate, leaf age, after 15 days the parameter such as stem tiller number and individual plant dry matter all higher than the seedling that traditional watery ricenursery peace disk base material dry rice seedling method is educated.The seedling adopting this method to educate is transplanted into land for growing field crops does not have period of seedling establishment substantially, embodies early growth and quick tiller advantage.
Table 1 adopts early transmitting apparatus seedling, traditional watery ricenursery and square position dry rice seedling to compare
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. promote that water rice divides the Tiller seedling nursing device that morning is sent out, it is characterized in that, comprise seedling-cultivation plate and pressure cave cylinder; Wherein,
Described seedling-cultivation plate comprise large seedling cultivation in earthen plate and to be arranged in described large seedling cultivation in earthen plate, for multiple alms bowl bodies of seedling, the area of described alms bowl body end face is greater than the area of bottom surface, arranges porose bottom described alms bowl body;
Described pressure cave cylinder surface is provided with multiple projection, and the area of described protruding bottom surface is greater than the area of end face.
2. seedling nursing device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the length of described alms bowl body end face is 3 ~ 4cm, and wide is 2 ~ 3cm, and the length of described alms bowl body bottom surface is 1cm, and wide is 1cm, and the height of described alms bowl body is 3 ~ 4cm.
3. seedling nursing device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, is provided with circular hole bottom described alms bowl body, and the diameter of described circular hole is 0.5cm.
4. seedling nursing device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described alms bowl body has 9 caves, cave × 14 or 12 caves, cave × 14.
5. seedling nursing device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the length of described protruding bottom surface is 2cm, and wide is 2cm; The length of described protruding end face is 1cm, and wide is 1cm.
6. seedling nursing device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the height of described projection is 1.5cm.
7. seedling nursing device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described projection is matrix arrangement, and the quantity of row's projection is identical with the quantity in the cave of large seedling cultivation in earthen plate width, and the spacing that respectively row is protruding is identical with the spacing of large seedling cultivation in earthen plate width alms bowl body; Or the quantity of a row projection is identical with the quantity in the cave of large seedling cultivation in earthen plate width, the spacing of each row projection is identical with the spacing of large seedling cultivation in earthen plate width alms bowl body.
8. the seedling nursing device according to claim 1 ~ 7 any one, is characterized in that, described large seedling cultivation in earthen plate is rectangle, and long is 60cm, and wide is 30cm.
9. promote that water rice divides the Tiller seedling-cultivating method that morning is sent out, comprising:
There is provided seedling nursing device, described seedling nursing device comprises seedling-cultivation plate and pressure cave cylinder; Wherein, described seedling-cultivation plate comprise large seedling cultivation in earthen plate and to be arranged in described large seedling cultivation in earthen plate, for multiple alms bowl bodies of seedling, the area of described alms bowl body end face is greater than the area of bottom surface, arranges porose bottom described alms bowl body; Described pressure cave cylinder surface is provided with multiple projection, and the area of described protruding bottom surface is greater than the area of end face;
Seedling raising ground substance is loaded in each alms bowl body, adopt pressure cave roller compaction, form the cave adapted with described projection simultaneously;
In described cave, be sown into rice paddy seed, covering is placed on seedling bed and carries out nursery.
10. seedling-cultivating method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described seedling bed is mud seedling plate, seedling nursing device is placed in seedling bed and makes, and makes to insert in seedling bed earth bottom each alms bowl body, and insertion depth is 1 ~ 1.5cm, carries out nursery after pouring water.
CN201510594281.2A 2015-09-17 2015-09-17 A kind of device for raising seedlings and method for culturing seedlings that promotion Shui Dao Fen Tiller are early sent out Active CN105248189B (en)

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CN106797852A (en) * 2016-12-14 2017-06-06 五河县茂源水蛭生态养殖专业合作社 It is a kind of to exempt to transplant the strong paddy seedling culture method of tillering ability
CN108739184A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-06 遵义湄潭天禾生物科技有限公司 A kind of saddle-shape bletilla striata tissue culture seedling stem acclimation method
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CN115176561A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-10-14 凯盛浩丰农业有限公司 Special field planting and fixing device for lettuce and working method thereof
CN115380733A (en) * 2022-09-16 2022-11-25 江西衡壤生态农业科技有限公司 Full-degradable rice bowl blanket-shaped mechanical transplanting seedling raising tray and application thereof

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CN108739184A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-06 遵义湄潭天禾生物科技有限公司 A kind of saddle-shape bletilla striata tissue culture seedling stem acclimation method
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CN115176561A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-10-14 凯盛浩丰农业有限公司 Special field planting and fixing device for lettuce and working method thereof
CN115380733A (en) * 2022-09-16 2022-11-25 江西衡壤生态农业科技有限公司 Full-degradable rice bowl blanket-shaped mechanical transplanting seedling raising tray and application thereof

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