CN105237892A - 一种耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105237892A
CN105237892A CN201510789081.2A CN201510789081A CN105237892A CN 105237892 A CN105237892 A CN 105237892A CN 201510789081 A CN201510789081 A CN 201510789081A CN 105237892 A CN105237892 A CN 105237892A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料及其制备方法，由聚氯乙烯树脂、三元乙丙橡胶、丙烯酸酯橡胶、双十八碳醇酯、硬脂酸钙、甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅、硫磺、云母粉、玻璃粉、氧化锌、氧化镁、硫化剂、防老剂、促进剂、抗氧剂、硅烷偶联剂和合成辣椒素制备而成，先将原料球磨成粉末，用密炼机进行混炼，最后加入合成辣椒素，通过挤压机挤压成熔融状态，并快速投入到注塑机中，进行注塑成型。本发明耐老化，强度高，机械性能优良，耐热阻燃效果好，氧指数大于40，具有较好的阻燃性能，能够通过零下40℃低温脆化实验，具有优良的耐低温性能，使用寿命长，还具有很好的防鼠防虫的效果，且制备工艺简单，可操作性强。

Description

一种耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆材料领域，具体是一种耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着经济的迅速发展，电线电缆在各个行业、领域中都得到广泛的应用，特别在气候不好的地区，对电缆的要求极高，耐寒、耐高温以及阻燃等等都是必备条件。
中国有着广博的土地，这使得气候也有很大的差异，巨大的温差，对我们电缆材料提出了较高的要求。北方地区温度时常能达到零下40℃，且一般设备是在无人看管区，电缆在这种条件下工作，应有很好的耐低温性能和一定的阻燃性能，一般的塑料、氯化聚乙烯橡胶料无法在这样的低温下正常工作。而且电缆在广阔无垠的无人看管区，尝尝会有老鼠对电缆进行啃咬，从而破坏电缆，导致发生一些电力事故，造成极大的损失。
另外，对于一些工程类的电缆材料，不仅要求电缆的绝缘层有优异的电气性能，同时要求护套材料在低温下拥有优良的物理机械性能，如拉伸强度、断裂伸长率高；而且特别在容易燃烧以及爆炸的场合，对电缆则要求具有更高的阻燃性能。而现有的电缆却没有如此综合的优良性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种综合性能优良的耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料及其制备方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：聚氯乙烯树脂20～30份，三元乙丙橡胶30～40份，丙烯酸酯橡胶25～35份，双十八碳醇酯25～30份，硬脂酸钙8～10份，甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅12～16份，硫磺3～5份，云母粉4～6份，玻璃粉4～6份，氧化锌6～8份，氧化镁6～8份，硫化剂3～5份，防老剂3～5份，促进剂4～6份，抗氧剂5～7份，硅烷偶联剂15～25份，合成辣椒素10～12份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述硫化剂为过氧化二异丙苯。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述防老剂为质量比为2:1～3的2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体和2-巯基苯并咪唑。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述促进剂为N-叔丁基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺、二硫化四苄基秋兰姆中的一种或两种组合。
作为本发明再进一步的方案：所述抗氧剂为硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、硫代二丙酸二硬脂醇酯中的一种。
一种所述的耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料的制备方法，具体制备步骤如下：
(1)将硬脂酸钙、甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅、硫磺、云母粉和玻璃粉分别送入球磨机，研磨至粒径在250～300目的粉末，备用；
(2)聚氯乙烯树脂、三元乙丙橡胶、丙烯酸酯橡胶和双十八碳醇酯在70～80℃密炼机中塑炼8～10min；
(3)将密炼机中再加入硬脂酸钙粉末和甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅粉末，混炼4～6min；
(4)在密炼机中再次加入硫磺粉末、防老剂、促进剂和抗氧剂，混炼6～8min，形成混炼胶料，该混炼胶料在温度达到90～100℃时，从密炼机中排出；
(5)排出的混炼胶料在开炼机上薄通1～2次，并摆胶2～3次，接着在三辊压延机上压延，不开条出片；
(6)压延后的混炼胶料室温存放7～9h，然后放入密炼机混炼，混炼温度达到90～120℃时，加入硫化剂、云母粉、玻璃粉、氧化锌、氧化镁和硅烷偶联剂，接着混炼4～6min，得到混炼胶料；
(7)在步骤(6)的混炼胶料中加入合成辣椒素，通过挤压机挤压成熔融状态，并快速投入到注塑机中，在180～210℃下进行注塑成型。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明耐老化，强度高，机械性能优良，耐热阻燃效果好，氧指数大于40，具有较好的阻燃性能，能够通过零下40℃低温脆化实验，具有优良的耐低温性能，使用寿命长，还具有很好的防鼠防虫的效果，且制备工艺简单，可操作性强。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：聚氯乙烯树脂20～30份，三元乙丙橡胶30～40份，丙烯酸酯橡胶25～35份，双十八碳醇酯25～30份，硬脂酸钙8～10份，甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅12～16份，硫磺3～5份，云母粉4～6份，玻璃粉4～6份，氧化锌6～8份，氧化镁6～8份，过氧化二异丙苯3～5份，防老剂3～5份，N-叔丁基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺4～6份，硫代二丙酸二月桂酯5～7份，硅烷偶联剂15～25份，合成辣椒素10～12份。
所述防老剂为质量比为2:1的2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体和2-巯基苯并咪唑。
实施例2
耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：聚氯乙烯树脂20～30份，三元乙丙橡胶30～40份，丙烯酸酯橡胶25～35份，双十八碳醇酯25～30份，硬脂酸钙8～10份，甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅12～16份，硫磺3～5份，云母粉4～6份，玻璃粉4～6份，氧化锌6～8份，氧化镁6～8份，过氧化二异丙苯3～5份，防老剂3～5份，N-叔丁基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺4～6份，硫代二丙酸二硬脂醇酯5～7份，硅烷偶联剂15～25份，合成辣椒素10～12份。
所述防老剂为质量比为2:2的2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体和2-巯基苯并咪唑。
实施例3
耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：聚氯乙烯树脂20～30份，三元乙丙橡胶30～40份，丙烯酸酯橡胶25～35份，双十八碳醇酯25～30份，硬脂酸钙8～10份，甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅12～16份，硫磺3～5份，云母粉4～6份，玻璃粉4～6份，氧化锌6～8份，氧化镁6～8份，过氧化二异丙苯3～5份，防老剂3～5份，二硫化四苄基秋兰姆4～6份，硫代二丙酸二月桂酯5～7份，硅烷偶联剂15～25份，合成辣椒素10～12份。
防老剂为质量比为2:3的2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体和2-巯基苯并咪唑。
实施例4
耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：聚氯乙烯树脂20～30份，三元乙丙橡胶30～40份，丙烯酸酯橡胶25～35份，双十八碳醇酯25～30份，硬脂酸钙8～10份，甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅12～16份，硫磺3～5份，云母粉4～6份，玻璃粉4～6份，氧化锌6～8份，氧化镁6～8份，过氧化二异丙苯3～5份，防老剂3～5份，二硫化四苄基秋兰姆4～6份，硫代二丙酸二硬脂醇酯5～7份，硅烷偶联剂15～25份，合成辣椒素10～12份。
所述防老剂为质量比为2:2的2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体和2-巯基苯并咪唑。
上述各实施例中耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料的制备方法，具体制备步骤如下：
(1)将硬脂酸钙、甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅、硫磺、云母粉和玻璃粉分别送入球磨机，研磨至粒径在250～300目的粉末，备用；
(2)聚氯乙烯树脂、三元乙丙橡胶、丙烯酸酯橡胶和双十八碳醇酯在70～80℃密炼机中塑炼8～10min；
(3)将密炼机中再加入硬脂酸钙粉末和甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅粉末，混炼4～6min；
(4)在密炼机中再次加入硫磺粉末、防老剂、促进剂和抗氧剂，混炼6～8min，形成混炼胶料，该混炼胶料在温度达到90～100℃时，从密炼机中排出；
(5)排出的混炼胶料在开炼机上薄通1～2次，并摆胶2～3次，接着在三辊压延机上压延，不开条出片；
(6)压延后的混炼胶料室温存放7～9h，然后放入密炼机混炼，混炼温度达到90～120℃时，加入硫化剂、云母粉、玻璃粉、氧化锌、氧化镁和硅烷偶联剂，接着混炼4～6min，得到混炼胶料；
(7)在步骤(6)的混炼胶料中加入合成辣椒素，通过挤压机挤压成熔融状态，并快速投入到注塑机中，在180～210℃下进行注塑成型。
实施例1-4材料性能的检测结构
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。

Claims (6)

1.一种耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制备而成：聚氯乙烯树脂20～30份，三元乙丙橡胶30～40份，丙烯酸酯橡胶25～35份，双十八碳醇酯25～30份，硬脂酸钙8～10份，甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅12～16份，硫磺3～5份，云母粉4～6份，玻璃粉4～6份，氧化锌6～8份，氧化镁6～8份，硫化剂3～5份，防老剂3～5份，促进剂4～6份，抗氧剂5～7份，硅烷偶联剂15～25份，合成辣椒素10～12份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料，其特征在于，所述硫化剂为过氧化二异丙苯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料，其特征在于，所述防老剂为质量比为2:1～3的2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体和2-巯基苯并咪唑。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料，其特征在于，所述促进剂为N-叔丁基-2-苯并噻唑次磺酰胺、二硫化四苄基秋兰姆中的一种或两种组合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料，其特征在于，所述抗氧剂为硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、硫代二丙酸二硬脂醇酯中的一种。
6.一种如权利要求1所述的耐寒阻燃电缆护套材料的制备方法，其特征在于，具体制备步骤如下：
（1）将硬脂酸钙、甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅、硫磺、云母粉和玻璃粉分别送入球磨机，研磨至粒径在250～300目的粉末，备用；
（2）聚氯乙烯树脂、三元乙丙橡胶、丙烯酸酯橡胶和双十八碳醇酯在70～80℃密炼机中塑炼8～10min；
（3）将密炼机中再加入硬脂酸钙粉末和甲基丙烯酸锌改性纳米氮化硅粉末，混炼4～6min；
（4）在密炼机中再次加入硫磺粉末、防老剂、促进剂和抗氧剂，混炼6～8min，形成混炼胶料，该混炼胶料在温度达到90～100℃时，从密炼机中排出；
（5）排出的混炼胶料在开炼机上薄通1～2次，并摆胶2～3次，接着在三辊压延机上压延，不开条出片；
（6）压延后的混炼胶料室温存放7～9h，然后放入密炼机混炼，混炼温度达到90～120℃时，加入硫化剂、云母粉、玻璃粉、氧化锌、氧化镁和硅烷偶联剂，接着混炼4～6min，得到混炼胶料；
（7）在步骤（6）的混炼胶料中加入合成辣椒素，通过挤压机挤压成熔融状态，并快速投入到注塑机中，在180～210℃下进行注塑成型。
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