Raw-soil pit kiln kiln top vegetation plantation base layer structure and its construction technology
Technical field:
The invention belongs to traditional residence technical field, and in particular to a kind of raw-soil pit kiln kiln top vegetation plants base layer structure
And its construction technology.
Background technology:
It is a kind of distinctive hypogee form in China Loess Plateau that raw-soil pit kiln is occupied, and after thousand, life was raw not
Breath, is the carrier of working people's experience for thousands of years, there is the cultural deposits of oneself uniqueness, be truly " green is built
Build ", " low-carbon (LC) building ".For a long time, raw-soil pit kiln local-style dwelling houses is with its cool in summer and warm in winter, energy-conserving and environment-protective, the repeatable profit of construction material
Ecological dominance, and easy construction, be easy to draw materials, the cost advantage of low cost, it is still big in China Loess Plateau
Amount exists and uses till today always.
Used as a kind of time-honored traditional architecture, raw-soil pit kiln there is also some shortcomings part, most distinct issues
It is exactly that pit kiln floor space is larger.Although occupation of land form of the raw-soil pit kiln direct reaction on visual experience is with right overhead institute
Form is present, and the cave dwelling for accommodating specifically used function is hidden in soil layer deeply, is not take up earth's surface soil, but because loess formation is once met
Water, its weight capacity will fall rapidly upon, therefore, the soil layer shared by raw-soil melt pit cave dwelling cannot function as general significance
Land use, it is impossible to plant vegetation, this also causes the actual floor space of raw-soil pit kiln to be far longer than visual experience.
Since the eighties in 20th century, China human mortality increases severely, and relatively nervous situation occurs in land resource, is to solve this
Problem, government proposes the measure in " flat kiln also field " to increase land use area, many villages in line with " moving back residence to restore abandoned land to cultivation " will
Ask, start to fill melt pit institute, this traditional architecture of melt pit institute is greatly destroyed.Further, since loess meets water load-bearing property
The characteristic being significantly reduced result in pit kiln and have the shortcomings that structure is affected larger by infiltration safely, and infiltration and rainwater are to the soil body
Wash away erosion be the main cause for causing cave dwelling fall damage.Floor space is excessive, land utilization ratio is low, makes the problems such as infiltration
The presence and development of the loess plateau Folk house type of pit kiln this great characteristic is faced with formidable challenges, and pit kiln is this more sufficient
Precious national folk culture legacy just fades away from the visual field of people.
Therefore, improve raw-soil pit kiln cave dwelling top soil layer construction form, raw-soil pit kiln cave dwelling top soil layer was both prevented
Only seep water, vegetation plantation is suitable to again, reduce pit kiln floor space, improve land utilization ratio, be current raw-soil pit kiln tradition
Local-style dwelling houses problem in the urgent need to address.
The content of the invention:
In sum, in order to overcome the shortcomings of prior art problem, the invention provides a kind of raw-soil pit kiln kiln top is planted
By plantation base layer structure and its construction technology, it is to increase waterproof layer, Neng Gouyou in soil layer at the top of raw-soil pit kiln cave dwelling
Ooze under the prevention moisture of effect, prevent the destruction caused to cave dwelling of seeping water, while making the water of the soil layer holding soil on waterproof layer top
Point, so that raw-soil pit kiln cave dwelling top soil layer is suitable to vegetation plantation, land utilization ratio is effectively improved, reduce raw-soil pit kiln
Floor space.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of raw-soil pit kiln kiln top vegetation plantation base layer structure, wherein:It is real native including Ma Qiang, plantation basic unit and kiln top is blocked
Layer, the described Ma Qiang that blocks is arranged on the sheer of kiln top reality soil layer, and plantation basic unit is arranged on the reality soil layer of kiln top, described kind
Phytyl layer includes sloping layer, waterproof layer, waterproof and protective layer, drainage layer and the soil horizon for setting gradually from bottom to top, described
Waterproof layer and waterproof and protective layer include horizontal part and vertical portion, horizontal position between sloping layer and drainage layer, vertical portion
Positioned at block Ma Qiang and plantation basic unit between.
Technical scheme may also is that realization:Basic unit is provided between described sloping layer and waterproof layer
Process oxidant layer.
Technical scheme may also is that realization:Described sloping layer be pea gravel concreten layer, its thickness
It is at least 30mm, its gradient is more than or equal to 1:50.
Technical scheme may also is that realization:Described waterproof layer is flexible waterproof sheet layer, or is
Plastic film layers.
Technical scheme may also is that realization:Described waterproof and protective layer is asphalt cement mortar
Layer, its thickness is at least 20mm.
Technical scheme may also is that realization:Described drainage layer is peastone layer, and its laying depth is
At least 50mm.
Technical scheme may also is that realization:Described edaphic thickness is at least 500mm.
A kind of raw-soil pit kiln kiln top vegetation plants the construction technology of base layer structure, wherein:Comprise the following steps:
A, foundation pit construction
The raw-soil pit kiln kiln top soil body is removed, on kiln top foundation ditch is formed, foundation ditch bottom surface is flattened and is compacted, foundation ditch depth >=
600mm, perpendicular to sheer direction length 1.2 times of firing chamber's depth are not less than;
B, sloping layer construction
Pea gravel concreten sloping layer of a layer thickness not less than 30mm is laid on foundation ditch bottom surface, the gradient of sloping layer is more than
Equal to 1:50;
C, the construction of base treatment oxidant layer
After the pea gravel concreten of sloping layer condenses hardening, in sloping layer top surface base treatment agent, base treatment agent are brushed
Become base treatment oxidant layer after cooling and solidifying;
D, construction of waterproof layer
At least one of which flexible waterproof sheet or at least paving layer of plastic film are pasted on base treatment oxidant layer upper berth, it is flexible
Waterproof roll or plastic sheeting along block Ma Qiang upwards paving to more than ground at least 250mm at, Ma Qiang paving parts upwards are blocked on edge
It is partly waterproof layer horizontal part on base treatment oxidant layer for the vertical portion of waterproof layer;
The construction of e, waterproof and protective layer
After the completion of flexible waterproof sheet or covering plastic thin film, the thick asphalt cement mortars of at least 20mm are laid thereon,
Become waterproof and protective layer after asphalt cement mortar setting and hardening;Asphalt cement mortar on the horizontal part of waterproof layer is anti-
The horizontal part of water and protective layer, along blocking the vertical portion that the asphalt cement mortar that Ma Qiang lays upwards is waterproof and protective layer;
F, the construction of drainage layer
After asphalt cement mortar setting and hardening, peastone of a layer thickness more than or equal to 50mm is laid thereon as drainage
Layer;
G, soil horizon construction
The earthing on drainage layer, thickness of earth covering is more than or equal to 500mm, so far, complete for the soil planted as vegetation
The construction of base layer structure is planted into raw-soil pit kiln kiln top vegetation, various vegetation can be planted in soil horizon as needed.
Technical scheme may also is that realization:In the construction of step c base treatment oxidant layer, sloping layer is treated
Pea gravel concreten is condensed after hardening, in sloping layer top surface, by the way of spraying or roller coating, brushes twice base treatment agent, the
Laterally brush for one time, second time vertical brushing.
Technical scheme may also is that realization:In step d construction of waterproof layer, flexible waterproof sheet or modeling
Material film, paving successively from the inside to the outside, the seam crossing lap of splice is more than or equal to 100mm, and flexible waterproof sheet or plastic sheeting exist
Compacting is flattened during paving and pastes tight, and want fissure of displacement paving between layers, fissure of displacement width is 1/3~1/2 fabric width.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1st, the present invention is to increase waterproof layer in the soil layer at the top of raw-soil pit kiln cave dwelling, can effectively be prevented under moisture
Ooze, prevent the destruction caused to cave dwelling of seeping water, while the soil layer on waterproof layer top can keep the moisture of soil, so that raw-soil ground
Hole kiln cave dwelling top soil layer is suitable to vegetation plantation, effectively improves land utilization ratio, reduces the floor space of raw-soil pit kiln.
2nd, the present invention can make raw-soil pit kiln cave dwelling top soil layer be suitable to vegetation plantation, at the top of raw-soil pit kiln cave dwelling
Green plants can be very good to improve the ecosystem for plantation, beautify the environment, and improve the air quality in raw-soil melt pit cave dwelling, while
The micro climate of residential area is adjusted, artificial environment and the organic infiltration fusion of natural environment is made, makes one to experience rural life.
3rd, the present invention makes raw-soil pit kiln cave dwelling top soil layer be suitable to after vegetation plantation, can be by raw-soil pit kiln cave dwelling
Top plants economic crops or crops, gives full play to land resource advantage, improves the land utilization ratio that raw-soil pit kiln is occupied, gram
The excessive shortcoming of pit kiln floor space is taken, better economy is especially suitable for traditional crude cave house Distribution Area economy of China
The limited national conditions of development level, are conducive to the succession that traditional raw-soil pit kiln of great characteristic is occupied with protection.
4th, construction technology of the invention is simple, working security is high, draw materials conveniently, with low cost, better economy, once
Construction can long term benefit, reduce the consumption to resource, promotional value is high.
Description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of raw-soil pit kiln kiln top vegetation plantation base layer structure, including blocking horse wall 1, plantation basic unit and kiln
The real soil layer 2 in top, the described horse wall 1 that blocks is arranged on the sheer of kiln top reality soil layer 2, plantation basic unit be arranged on kiln top reality soil layer 2 it
On, described plantation basic unit includes sloping layer 3, waterproof layer 4, waterproof and protective layer 5, the drainage layer 6 for setting gradually from bottom to top
And soil horizon 7, described waterproof layer 4 and waterproof and protective layer 5 include horizontal part and vertical portion, and horizontal position is in sloping layer 3
Between drainage layer 6, vertical portion is located at blocks between horse wall 1 and plantation basic unit.Arrange between described sloping layer 3 and waterproof layer 4
There is base treatment oxidant layer.Described sloping layer 3 is pea gravel concreten layer, and its thickness is at least 30mm, and sloping layer 3 is along raw-soil melt pit
Kiln cave dwelling depth direction is downward-sloping, and its gradient is more than or equal to 1:50.Described waterproof layer 4 is flexible waterproof sheet layer.It is described
Waterproof and protective layer 5 be asphalt cement mortar layer, its thickness be 20mm.Described drainage layer 6 be peastone layer, its laying depth
For 60mm.The thickness of described soil horizon 7 is 600mm.
A kind of raw-soil pit kiln kiln top vegetation plants the construction technology of base layer structure, wherein:Comprise the following steps:
A, foundation pit construction
The raw-soil pit kiln kiln top soil body is removed, on kiln top foundation ditch is formed, be compacted by the leveling of foundation ditch bottom surface and with stone roller, base
Hole depth is 800mm, perpendicular to 1.5 times that sheer direction length is firing chamber's depth.
B, sloping layer 3 are constructed
One layer of pea gravel concreten sloping layer 3 is laid on foundation ditch bottom surface, sloping layer 3 is along raw-soil pit kiln cave dwelling depth direction
Downward-sloping, the gradient of sloping layer 3 is 1:30, length of grade is 1.5 times of raw-soil pit kiln firing chamber depth, thinnest part pea gravel concreten
Thickness is 30mm.
C, the construction of base treatment oxidant layer
After the pea gravel concreten of sloping layer 3 condenses hardening, in the top surface of sloping layer 3 base treatment agent, base treatment are brushed
Become base treatment oxidant layer after agent cooling and solidifying;When brushing base treatment agent, by the way of spraying or roller coating, twice base is brushed
Layer inorganic agent, first pass is laterally brushed, second time vertical brushing.
D, waterproof layer 4 are constructed
At least one of which flexible waterproof sheet or at least paving layer of plastic film are pasted on base treatment oxidant layer upper berth, it is flexible
Upwards paving is located to more than ground for 300mm along horse wall 1 is blocked for waterproof roll or plastic sheeting, and the paving part upwards of horse wall 1 is blocked on edge
It is partly the horizontal part of waterproof layer 4 on base treatment oxidant layer for the vertical portion of waterproof layer 4;Flexible waterproof sheet or plastic sheeting,
Paving successively from the inside to the outside, the seam crossing lap of splice is 100mm, and flexible waterproof sheet or plastic sheeting will flatten pressure in paving
It is real to paste tight, and fissure of displacement paving is wanted between layers, fissure of displacement width is 1/3~1/2 fabric width.
E, waterproof and protective layer 5 are constructed
After the completion of flexible waterproof sheet or covering plastic thin film, the thick asphalt cement mortars of 20mm are laid thereon, wait to drip
Become waterproof and protective layer 5 after blue or green cement mortar setting and hardening;Asphalt cement mortar on the horizontal part of waterproof layer 4 is waterproof
And the horizontal part of protective layer 5, along blocking the vertical portion that the asphalt cement mortar that horse wall 1 lays upwards is waterproof and protective layer 5;Pitch
Cement mortar is used as first waterproof, while also serving as the protective layer of flexible waterproof sheet or plastic sheeting.
F, drainage layer 6 are constructed
After asphalt cement mortar setting and hardening, the peastone of a layer thickness 60mm is laid thereon as drainage layer 6;Drainage layer
6 filter off moisture unnecessary in soil horizon and to 4 certain protective roles of waterproof layer, in order to avoid infringement during plantation to waterproof layer.
G, soil horizon 7 are constructed
The earthing on drainage layer 6, thickness of earth covering 600mm is used for the soil as vegetation plantation, so far, completes raw-soil ground
Hole kiln kiln top vegetation plants the construction of base layer structure, can plant the grains such as wheat, corn, peanut on soil horizon 7 as needed
Crop and flowers, greengrocery, class of overgrowing fruit.
The present invention arranges the sloping layer 3 of pea gravel concreten in kiln top reality soil layer 2, and waterproof layer 4 is arranged on sloping layer 3, then prevent
Water layer 4 also has certain gradient, and the moisture oozed under soil horizon 7 can effectively be prevented along the downward seepage of the gradient of waterproof layer 4
Only the excess moisture of soil horizon 7 causes damage caused by waterlogging to vegetation, meanwhile, length of grade is much larger than cave dwelling depth, the moisture oozed under waterproof layer 4
Cave dwelling will not be damaged.
It is noted that embodiment described above is to the illustrative and not limiting of technical solution of the present invention, affiliated technology neck
The equivalent of domain those of ordinary skill or other modifications made according to prior art, as long as not exceeding the technology of the present invention side
The thinking and scope of case, should be included within interest field of the presently claimed invention.