CN106192937A - A kind of construction method of accumulated water farmland row's control water system - Google Patents
A kind of construction method of accumulated water farmland row's control water system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106192937A CN106192937A CN201610490830.6A CN201610490830A CN106192937A CN 106192937 A CN106192937 A CN 106192937A CN 201610490830 A CN201610490830 A CN 201610490830A CN 106192937 A CN106192937 A CN 106192937A
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- open drain
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
- E02B11/005—Drainage conduits
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural drain technology, be specifically related to the construction method of a kind of accumulated water farmland row's control water system.The construction method of described accumulated water farmland row's control water system mainly includes 1) build underground drainage facility, 2) build open drain, 3) lay and connect facility step, the accumulated water farmland row's control water system built mainly includes underground drainage facility, open drain, connection facility, wherein, described underground drainage facility is embedded in below face, field, open drain is arranged in the middle of road and face, field, connects facility and connects underground drainage facility and open drain.The present invention can effectively get rid of field area water and underground accumulated water, also can need Reasonable Regulation And Control farmland underground water level according to crop-planting, construct and integrate, arrange, control the row of water and control water system, while solving the problem that accumulated water farmland underground water level is high, realizing the effective and reasonable utilization to water resource, present configuration is simple simultaneously, and product cost is low, it is easy to safeguard and builds, be beneficial to promote.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural drain technology, be specifically related to the construction method of a kind of accumulated water farmland row's control water system.
Background technology
Being affected by topography and geomorphology, sunlight-heat reaources and the factor such as artificially cultivate, China is distributed a large amount of accumulated water farmland, concentrates point
Cloth on valley floor, hills, mountain area, Plain lakes and marhshes low-lying land and pond on a hill, reservoir dam downstream area.Accumulated water farmland because of long-term by water logging
Stain, soil is closed under hydrostatic state, and soil permeability is poor, and stickiness weight causes farm land quality poor, and crops quantum of output is low.Have
Effect gets rid of accumulated water farmland hydrops, promotes accumulated water farm land quality, is an important content transforming of China's middle-and-low-yielding fields ground.
At present, having a lot of achievement in research in terms of getting rid of farmland accumulated water, lowering of watertable, one is gutter drainage, i.e. exists
Farm drainage ditch that is unidirectional or that intersect is excavated in field, gets rid of field area water, lowering of watertable, but takes up an area many, and peasant field is made
Easily causing during industry and cave in, and be only capable of discharging Soil surface water, the unnecessary soil water is difficult to discharge；Two is by closed drainage, many
Lay eye pipeline by level below face, field, vertical direction, outsourcing filtrate, by inhaling-lead-arrange by the way of reduce underground
Water level, can effectively get rid of field accumulated water, but drainage efficiency is relatively low, and hidden pipe eyelet anti-blocking technology requires higher, the soil organism
It is easy to run off.Especially when plantation happiness water crop, as the Oryza sativa L. soaked field phase exists moisture leakage, water utilization rate is low.
Summary of the invention
For solve the problems referred to above, the present invention propose a kind of accumulated water farmland row control water system construction method, construct collection,
The row that row, control water are integrated controls water system, can effectively get rid of farmland accumulated water, also can need Reasonable Regulation And Control underground according to crop-planting
Water level, while solving the problem that accumulated water farmland underground water level is high, it is achieved the effective and reasonable utilization to water resource.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes following technical scheme:
The construction method of a kind of accumulated water farmland row's control water system, mainly includes underground drainage facility, open drain, connection facility
Building, its concrete construction step is:
1) underground drainage facility is built
Building underground drainage facility below face, field at the 50-70cm of face, field, the axis making underground drainage facility is deep far from face, field
Degree 50-60cm, a length of 100-200m of facility, generally longitudinally gradient is 1.5-3 °, and the most vertical with open drain cloth set direction,
When building underground drainage facility, laying the aqueduct being made up of plastic blind-ditch, aqueduct cross section is circular, a diameter of 10-
20cm, and outside aqueduct, wrap up the drainage layer being made up of geotextiles, drainage layer periphery arranges the collection water layer being made up of haydite；
2) open drain is built
Along the open drain of a length of 200-400m of road performance in the middle of road and face, field, open drain includes two side and ditch
The trapezoidal structure of section that bottom structure, two side and bottom of trench are constituted, the sidewall build that will be close to road is stone masonry furrow bank, close
It is loose stone furrow bank that the sidewall in face, field is built, and it is stone masonry bottom of trench that bottom of trench is built, after constructing open drain, along open drain
Direction, lays pipe of concrete opening bottom loose stone furrow bank on the position of 20-30m；
3) connection facility is laid
Laying precast concrete pipe, precast concrete pipe initiating terminal connects underground drainage facility end, arranges french drain in junction
Regulation and control lock, end is laid in the pipe of concrete opening part of open drain.
As preferably, further, during step 1) builds underground drainage facility, the haydite of described collection water layer is straight
Footpath is 5-8mm, collects water layer thickness 5-10cm, and drainage layer selects quality more than 280g/m2Acupuncture nonwoven geotextile.
As preferably, further, during step 1) builds underground drainage facility, plastic blind-ditch selected by aqueduct,
Cross section is circular, a diameter of 10-20cm, and plastic blind-ditch is formed by plastic strip stacking, for space network, in inside
Empty.
As preferably, further, in step 2) build during open drain, at stone masonry furrow bank and loose stone furrow bank
Arranging wall trench in symmetric position, stone masonry furrow bank and two wall trench on loose stone furrow bank are by being arranged on stone masonry bottom of trench
Kerve connects, and gate installation, in the gate slot formed by two wall trench on stone masonry furrow bank, loose stone furrow bank and kerve, is arranged
The bright ditch of water arranges gate every 20-30m.
As preferably, further, in step 2) to build during open drain, the bottom of trench width of open drain is 30-
50cm, side slope is 1:0.3, and raceway groove safe superelevation is 8-10cm, and ditch depth is 60-80cm.
As preferably, further, in step 2) build during open drain, described stone masonry furrow bank and stone masonry
Bottom of trench all uses block stone to grout the gapless wall body structure of formation, and stone masonry ditch is integrated masonry construction with stone masonry bottom of trench,
Described loose stone furrow bank uses the band gap wall body structure that block stone laid dry is formed.
The present invention, mainly from the target getting rid of farmland accumulated water, constructs and integrates, arranges, controls the row of water and control water system
System, compared with prior art has a following benefit:
1, the underground drainage facility of the present invention is embedded in below face, field, is not take up soil, saves cultivated land resource, can protect simultaneously
Facility, extends its service life, lays in inclined-plane, and drainage efficiency is high, and more general closed drainage is compared, and can promote 20%-30%；
Soil fine particles can be stopped by the collection water layer of the present invention, drainage layer, prevents the Organic Matter Loss of soil, broken with general
Stone, grit material are compared, and nitrogen fixation promotes 10-20%, and collection water layer also can carry out gas exchange with the external world, increases soil penetrating
Property, the Soil structure in improvement accumulated water farmland.
2, surface pond can quickly be got rid of in the open drain of the present invention, and the hole of loose stone furrow bank increases the logical of the farmland soil body
Property thoroughly, effectively gets rid of farmland accumulated water, lowering of watertable.
3, the present invention may be provided between field road and face, field, can effectively get rid of field area water and farmland accumulated water, also may be used
According to crop-planting needs, utilize the french drain regulation and control lock and simple rectangular flat steel-slag sand Reasonable Regulation And Control level of ground water, structure arranged
Build out the drainage system integrating, arrange, control water, while solving the problem that accumulated water farmland underground water level is high, it is achieved to water
The effective and reasonable utilization of resource.
4, present configuration is simple, and product cost is low, it is simple to safeguards and builds, and is beneficial to promote.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present configuration schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the plane graph of french drain of the present invention regulation and control lock；
Fig. 3 is the french drain regulation and control lock A-A profile of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the french drain regulation and control lock B-B profile of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of the open drain of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of the open drain of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the underground drainage facility skiagraph of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the underground drainage facility cross-sectional view of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the structure chart of the aqueduct of the present invention.
In figure: 1-stone masonry furrow bank, 2-stone masonry bottom of trench, 3-precast concrete pipe, 4-loose stone furrow bank, 5-french drain regulate and control
Lock, 6-collection water layer, 7-drainage layer, 8-aqueduct, 9-kerve, 10-wall trench, 11-gate, 12-pipe of concrete opening.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiments of the invention and accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Describe, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than whole embodiments wholely.Based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under not making creative work premise
Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of construction method of the drainage system of controllable farmland underground water level, mainly include underground drainage facility, open drain,
Connecting the structure of facility, its concrete construction step is:
1) underground drainage facility is built
Building underground drainage facility below face, field at the 50-70cm of face, field, the axis making underground drainage facility is deep far from face, field
Degree 50-60cm, a length of 100-200m of facility, generally longitudinally gradient is 1.5-3 °, and the most vertical with open drain cloth set direction,
When building underground drainage facility, laying the aqueduct 8 being made up of plastic blind-ditch, aqueduct 8 cross section is circular, a diameter of 10-
20cm, and outside aqueduct 8, wrap up the drainage layer 7 being made up of geotextiles, what the setting of drainage layer 7 periphery was made up of haydite catchments
Layer 6；
2) open drain is built
Along the open drain of a length of 200-400m of road performance in the middle of road and face, field, open drain includes two side and ditch
The trapezoidal structure of section that bottom structure, two side and bottom of trench are constituted, the sidewall build that will be close to road is stone masonry furrow bank 1, leans on
It is loose stone furrow bank 4 that the sidewall in nearly face, field is built, and it is stone masonry bottom of trench 2 that bottom of trench is built, after constructing open drain, along draining
Ming Gou direction, lays pipe of concrete opening 12 on the position of 20-30m in the bottom of loose stone furrow bank 4；
3) connection facility is laid
Laying precast concrete pipe 3 at the pipe of concrete opening 12 of open drain, precast concrete pipe 3 initiating terminal connects underground
Pumping equipment end, junction arranges french drain regulation and control lock 5, and end is laid in the pipe of concrete opening part 12 of open drain.
Embodiment 2
As preferably, the construction method of a kind of accumulated water farmland row's control water system, mainly include underground drainage facility, open drain,
Connecting the structure of facility, its concrete construction step is:
1) underground drainage facility is built
Building underground drainage facility below face, field at the 50-70cm of face, field, the axis making underground drainage facility is deep far from face, field
Degree 50-60cm, a length of 100-200m of facility, generally longitudinally gradient is 1.5-3 °, and the most vertical with open drain cloth set direction,
When building underground drainage facility, laying the aqueduct 8 being made up of plastic blind-ditch, aqueduct 8 cross section is circular, a diameter of 10-
20cm, and outside aqueduct 8, wrap up the drainage layer 7 being made up of geotextiles, what the setting of drainage layer 7 periphery was made up of haydite catchments
Layer 6, a diameter of 5-8mm of haydite of described collection water layer 6, collect water layer 6 thickness 5-10cm, drainage layer 7 selects quality to be more than 280g/
m2Acupuncture nonwoven geotextile, aqueduct 8 selects plastic blind-ditch, and cross section is circular, a diameter of 10-20cm, plastic blind-ditch
Formed, for space network, inner hollow by plastic strip stacking；
2) open drain is built
Along the open drain of a length of 200-400m of road performance in the middle of road and face, field, open drain includes two side and ditch
The trapezoidal structure of section that bottom structure, two side and bottom of trench are constituted, the sidewall build that will be close to road is stone masonry furrow bank 1, leans on
It is loose stone furrow bank 4 that the sidewall in nearly face, field is built, and it is stone masonry bottom of trench 2 that bottom of trench is built, after constructing open drain, along draining
Ming Gou direction, lays pipe of concrete opening 12 on the position of 20-30m in the bottom of loose stone furrow bank 4, and at stone masonry ditch
Arranging wall trench 10 in wall 1 and loose stone furrow bank 4 symmetric position, stone masonry furrow bank 1 leads to two wall trench 10 on loose stone furrow bank 4
Crossing the kerve 9 being arranged on stone masonry bottom of trench 2 to connect, gate 11 is arranged on by two on stone masonry furrow bank 1, loose stone furrow bank 4
In the gate slot that individual wall trench 10 and kerve 9 are formed, open drain arranges gate 11 every 20-30m；The bottom of trench width of open drain
For 30-50cm, side slope is 1:0.3, and raceway groove safe superelevation is 8-10cm, and ditch depth is 60-80cm；
3) connection facility is laid
Laying precast concrete pipe 3 at the pipe of concrete opening 12 of open drain, precast concrete pipe 3 initiating terminal connects underground
Pumping equipment end, junction arranges french drain regulation and control lock 5, and end is laid in the pipe of concrete opening part 12 of open drain.According to
Implement a kind of accumulated water farmland row's control water system of 1,2 builds, as shown in figs. 1-7, mainly include that underground drainage facility, draining are bright
Ditch, connection facility.
The underground drainage facility of the present invention is embedded in below face, field, is made up of collection water layer 6, drainage layer 7 and aqueduct 8, its
In, wrapping up drainage layer 7 outside aqueduct 8, drainage layer 7 periphery is collection water layer 6, and collection water layer 6 is made up of haydite, a diameter of 5-of haydite
8mm, collects water layer 6 thickness 5-10cm, and drainage layer 7 selects quality to be more than 280g/m2Acupuncture nonwoven geotextile, aqueduct 8 selects
With plastic blind-ditch, cross section is circular, a diameter of 10-20cm, and plastic blind-ditch is formed, for solid netted knot by plastic strip stacking
Structure, inner hollow, make extraneous water penetrate into tube chamber, moisture confluxes through tube chamber after collecting, filtering and discharges via french drain end, catchments
Layer 6, drainage layer can prevent the Organic Matter Loss of soil, with general rubble, coarse sand material 7 to stop Soil fine particles
Material is compared, and nitrogen fixation promotes 10-20%, and collection water layer 6 also can carry out gas exchange with the external world, increases soil permeability, improves stain
The Soil structure in water farmland.
Underground drainage facility in the present invention, aqueduct 8 axis controls far from face, field degree of depth 50-60cm, facility length
100-200m, generally longitudinally gradient is 1.5-3 °, can get rid of farmland accumulated water, reduce its level of ground water, improves soil knot
Structure, meanwhile, pumping equipment is embedded in below face, field, is not take up soil, saves cultivated land resource, can protect facility simultaneously, extends
Its service life；Drainage efficiency of the present invention is high, and more general closed drainage is compared, and can promote 20%-30%.
The supporting road construction in open drain, open drain is arranged in the middle of field road and face, field, and open drain includes slurry
Stone-laying furrow bank 1, stone masonry bottom of trench 2 and loose stone furrow bank 4, stone masonry furrow bank 1, stone masonry bottom of trench 2, loose stone furrow bank 4 connect successively
Connecing formation open drain, the section of open drain is trapezium structure.
Stone masonry furrow bank 1 is positioned close to the side construction of road, and stone masonry furrow bank 1 and stone masonry bottom of trench 2 all use block
Stone grouts the gapless wall body structure of formation, and stone masonry ditch is integrated masonry construction with stone masonry bottom of trench, is ensureing water energy
The stability of road can be increased on the premise of power.
Loose stone furrow bank 4 is positioned close to the side construction in face, field, and it is with seam that loose stone furrow bank 4 uses that block stone laid dry formed
Gap wall body structure, loose stone furrow bank 4 is by field construction, and loose stone furrow bank 4 can strengthen farmland soil body permeability, it is simple to get rid of farmland stain
Water.The length of open drain controls, at 200-400m, to reserve gate slot every 20-30m, and gate slot includes that stone masonry furrow bank is with dry
Two wall trench 10 on stone-laying furrow bank and the kerve 9 on stone masonry bottom of trench, arrange gate 11 in gate slot, gate can be with segmentation
High raceway groove water level, moisture can be recharged to farmland by the gap of building by laying bricks or stones between loose stone furrow bank 4 stone, it is achieved water resource circulation efficiently profit
With.
The present invention uses the construction method that underground drainage facility and open drain combine, and constructs collection, to arrange, control water be one
The row of body controls water system, can effectively get rid of farmland accumulated water, also can need Reasonable Regulation And Control level of ground water according to crop-planting, is solving
While the problem that accumulated water farmland underground water level is high, by unique loose stone furrow bank and the setting of gate, make the accumulated water of eliminating
Can bleed back when the soil water is few into field, keep ground moistening structure, meanwhile, collection water layer, drainage layer can be to Soil fine particles
Stopping, prevent the Organic Matter Loss of soil, compared with general rubble, grit material, nitrogen fixation promotes 10-20%, collection
Water layer also can carry out gas exchange with the external world, increases soil permeability, the Soil structure in improvement accumulated water farmland, uses this measure pair
After accumulated water farmland is transformed, Soil Water Content reduces, and soil temperature raises, and physicochemical character is improved, soil nutrient status
It is obviously improved.
The present invention is arranged between field road and face, field, can effectively get rid of field area water and farmland accumulated water, also can basis
Crop-planting needs, and utilizes the french drain regulation and control lock and simple rectangular flat steel-slag sand Reasonable Regulation And Control level of ground water arranged, constructs
Integrate, arrange, control the drainage system of water, while solving the problem that accumulated water farmland underground water level is high, it is achieved to water resource
Effective and reasonable utilization.Present configuration is simple simultaneously, and product cost is low, it is simple to safeguards and builds, and is beneficial to promote.Finally, above
Embodiment and accompanying drawing are only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although by above-described embodiment to the present invention
Be described in detail, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that can in the form and details to its make various respectively
The change of sample, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (6)
1. the construction method of accumulated water farmland row's control water system, it is characterised in that mainly include that underground drainage facility, draining are bright
Ditch, the structure of connection facility, its concrete construction step is:
1) underground drainage facility is built
Build underground drainage facility, make the axis of underground drainage facility far from face, field degree of depth 50-60cm, underground drainage facility length
For 100-200m, generally longitudinally gradient is 1.5-3 °, and the most vertical with open drain cloth set direction, builds underground drainage facility
Time, first lay the aqueduct being made up of plastic blind-ditch, aqueduct cross section is circular, a diameter of 10-20cm, and at aqueduct
The drainage layer that outside parcel is made up of geotextiles, drainage layer periphery arranges the collection water layer being made up of haydite；
2) open drain is built
Along the open drain of a length of 200-400m of road performance in the middle of road and face, field, open drain includes two side and ditch
The trapezoidal structure of section that bottom structure, two side and bottom of trench are constituted, the sidewall build that will be close to road is stone masonry furrow bank, close
It is loose stone furrow bank that the sidewall in face, field is built, and it is stone masonry bottom of trench that bottom of trench is built, after constructing open drain, along open drain
Direction, lays pipe of concrete opening bottom loose stone furrow bank on the position of 20-30m；
3) connection facility is laid
Laying precast concrete pipe, precast concrete pipe initiating terminal connects underground drainage facility end, arranges french drain in junction
Regulation and control lock, end is laid in the pipe of concrete opening part of open drain.
The construction method of a kind of accumulated water farmland the most according to claim 1 row's control water system, it is characterised in that: in step 1)
During building underground drainage facility, a diameter of 5-8mm of haydite of described collection water layer, collect water layer thickness 5-10cm, drainage
Layer selects quality more than 280g/m2Acupuncture nonwoven geotextile.
The construction method of a kind of accumulated water farmland the most according to claim 1 row's control water system, it is characterised in that: in step 1)
During building underground drainage facility, plastic blind-ditch selected by aqueduct, and cross section is circular, and a diameter of 10-20cm, plastics are blind
Ditch is formed, for space network, inner hollow by plastic strip stacking.
The construction method of a kind of accumulated water farmland the most according to claim 1 row's control water system, it is characterised in that: in step
1), during building open drain, stone masonry furrow bank with loose stone furrow bank symmetric position arrange wall trench, stone masonry furrow bank
Being connected by the kerve being arranged on stone masonry bottom of trench with two wall trench on loose stone furrow bank, gate installation is by stone masonry ditch
In the gate slot that two wall trench on wall, loose stone furrow bank and kerve are formed, open drain arranges gate every 20-30m.
The construction method of a kind of accumulated water farmland the most according to claim 1 row's control water system, it is characterised in that: in step 2)
During building open drain, the bottom of trench width of open drain is 30-50cm, and side slope is 1:0.3, and raceway groove safe superelevation is 8-
10cm, ditch depth is 60-80cm.
The construction method of a kind of accumulated water farmland the most according to claim 1 row's control water system, it is characterised in that: in step 2)
During building open drain, described stone masonry furrow bank and stone masonry bottom of trench all use the gapless wall that block stone grouts formation
Body structure, and stone masonry furrow bank and stone masonry bottom of trench be integrated masonry construction, described loose stone furrow bank uses block stone laid dry shape
The band gap wall body structure become.
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| CN201610490830.6A CN106192937B (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2016-06-29 | A kind of construction method of accumulated water farmland row control water system |
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| CN201610490830.6A CN106192937B (en) | 2016-06-29 | 2016-06-29 | A kind of construction method of accumulated water farmland row control water system |
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| CN107460846A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-12-12 | 浙江大学 | A kind of soft dam system of becoming silted up certainly for being used to prevent and treat Canal in Loess Area groove channel erosion |
| CN107905190A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-13 | 长江大学 | A kind of field water control device for adapting to rice different growing and becoming water level water drainage |
| CN107938626A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-20 | 长江大学 | A kind of drainage arrangement for being suitable for waterlogged region, can effectively controlling rice field nitrogen and phosphorus loss |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107938626A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-04-20 | 长江大学 | A kind of drainage arrangement for being suitable for waterlogged region, can effectively controlling rice field nitrogen and phosphorus loss |
| CN107905190B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-11-05 | 长江大学 | A kind of field water control device for adapting to rice different growing and becoming water level water drainage |
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| CN106192937B (en) | 2019-04-16 |
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