CN105228636B - 妥尔油脂肪酸在治疗中的用途及动物饲料补充剂和组合物 - Google Patents
妥尔油脂肪酸在治疗中的用途及动物饲料补充剂和组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种妥尔油脂肪酸在防止动物消化道中有害细菌的生长和/或防止肠道紊乱中的用途。本发明还涉及一种包括妥尔油脂肪酸的饲料补充剂和饲料组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种妥尔油脂肪酸,其用途以及包括所述妥尔油脂肪酸的饲料补充剂和饲料组合物。
背景技术
动物消化道中微生物种群的不平衡和有害细菌的生长可导致动物生长和产量的显著损失。这些不平衡表现为肠道紊乱,例如腹泻。虽然使用例如防止微生物生长的抗生素和其它试剂可防止动物的微生物感染,但预期对它们的使用会有更加严格的规定。总的来讲,越来越需要在动物喂养中使用既可以调节动物消化道中的微生物种群,同时又容易获得、具有良好耐受性和环境友好性的成分。
作为克拉夫特(Kraft)木浆制造法的副产物而得到的粗妥尔油,其分馏产生蒸馏的妥尔油(DTO),其通常包括大于10%的树脂酸和小于90%的脂肪酸。蒸馏的妥尔油的进一步精制产生妥尔油脂肪酸(TOFA),其可提供为具有不同的树脂酸和脂肪酸含量的多种组合物。因为TOFA是脂肪酸的廉价来源,它先前已用于动物营养品中作为能量来源。例如,GB955316公开了妥尔油脂肪酸的碱金属盐在改善反刍动物的体重增加和氮贮留中的用途。
本发明的目的
本发明的目的是提供一种新类型的妥尔油脂肪酸/饲料补充剂在防止动物消化道中有害细菌的生长和/或防止肠道紊乱中的用途。
本发明人吃惊地发现TOFA防止动物消化道中有害细菌的生长和/或防止肠道紊乱。
发明内容
根据本发明的妥尔油脂肪酸其特征在于权利要求1所述的内容。
根据本发明的饲料补充剂其特征在于权利要求7所述的内容。
根据本发明的饲料组合物其特征在于权利要求12所述的内容。
附图说明
图1a:响应于TOFA和消化的TOFA浓缩物,产气荚膜梭菌(Cl.perfringens) 生长8小时的过程中的浊度变化。
图1b:响应于TOFA和消化的TOFA浓缩物,产气荚膜梭菌生长8小时的过程中的产气量。
图2a:响应于剂量1的TOFA和试验产品,产气荚膜梭菌生长8小时的过程中的浊度变化。
图2b:响应于剂量2的TOFA和试验产品,产气荚膜梭菌生长8小时的过程中的浊度变化。
图2c:响应于剂量1的TOFA和试验产品,金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus) 生长8小时的过程中的浊度变化。
图2d:响应于剂量2的TOFA和试验产品,金黄色葡萄球菌生长8小时的过程中的浊度变化。
图2e:响应于剂量1的TOFA和试验产品,猪链球菌(S.suis)生长8小时的过程中的浊度变化。
图2f:响应于剂量2的TOFA和试验产品,猪链球菌(C S.suis)生长8 小时的过程中的浊度变化。
具体实施方式
本发明基于认识到妥尔油脂肪酸可用于防止动物消化道中有害细菌的生长和/或防止肠道紊乱。
术语“妥尔油脂肪酸”或“TOFA”应理解为是指由粗妥尔油的蒸馏以及对蒸馏的妥尔油的进一步精制而得到的组合物。TOFA通常包括90%-98%(w/w) 的脂肪酸。进一步,TOFA可包括1%-10%(w/w)的树脂酸。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,用作根据本发明的用途的妥尔油脂肪酸包括 1%-10%(w/w)的树脂酸。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,TOFA包括2%-9%(w/w)的树脂酸。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,TOFA包括5%-9%(w/w)的树脂酸。
在上下文中,术语“树脂酸”应理解为是指妥尔油所包括的多种酸性化合物的复合混合物,其中,这些酸性化合物都具有相同的包括三稠合环的基本骨架。TOFA中存在的树脂酸的确切组成随着例如获得TOFA的树的种类以及生产TOFA的加工条件而变化。树脂酸通常包括如松香酸、脱氢松香酸、左旋海松酸、新松香酸、海松酸和异海松酸的化合物,上述仅提及几种。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,TOFA包括90%-98%(w/w)的脂肪酸。
妥尔油脂肪酸(TOFA)通过对蒸馏的妥尔油进行精制来生产。蒸馏的妥尔油(DTO)通过对粗妥尔油进行分馏来生产,其中粗妥尔油作为克拉夫特木浆制造法的副产物而得到。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,用作根据本发明的用途的TOFA是经干燥的。 TOFA可通过喷雾干燥、滚筒干燥或通过其它任何已知的合适的干燥方法进行干燥。
本发明还涉及包括根据本发明的妥尔油脂肪酸的饲料补充剂。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述饲料补充剂有效防止有害细菌的生长,防止肠道紊乱,调节动物消化道的微生物种群,提高瘤胃的发酵和/或降低瘤胃甲烷的产生。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,饲料补充剂包括含有1%-10%(w/w)树脂酸的妥尔油脂肪酸。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,饲料补充剂包括含有2%-9%(w/w)树脂酸的妥尔油脂肪酸。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,饲料补充剂包括含有5%-9%(w/w)树脂酸的妥尔油脂肪酸。
在上下文中,术语“饲料补充剂”应理解为是指在喂养动物过程中可添加到饲料中或可直接使用的组合物。饲料补充剂可包括不同的活性成分。饲料补充剂可以0.0001-5千克/吨饲料总量干重,优选0.005-1千克/吨饲料总量干重的浓度添加。根据本发明的TOFA或包括该TOFA的饲料补充剂可直接添加到饲料或饲料补充剂中,或者一般来讲可根据需要进行进一步加工。
进一步,根据本发明的TOFA或包括该TOFA的饲料补充剂可添加到饲料或饲料补充剂中,或者可单独给动物服用(即不作为任何饲料组合物的一部分)。
在上下文中,术语“饲料组合物”或“饲料”应理解为是指动物膳食的总饲料组合物或其一部分,包括例如补充的饲料、预混合料以及其它饲料组合物。饲料可包括不同的活性成分。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,饲料补充剂包括吸附到适于用作饲料组合物的载体材料例如甜菜渣中的TOFA。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,饲料补充剂包括经干燥的TOFA。
本发明还涉及包括根据本发明的饲料补充剂的饲料组合物。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,饲料组合物包括以饲料总量干重计 0.00001%-0.5%(w/w)的饲料补充剂。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,饲料组合物包括以饲料总量干重计 0.0005%-0.1%(w/w)的饲料补充剂。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,用于生产妥尔油脂肪酸或饲料补充剂的方法进一步包括干燥步骤。干燥可通过喷雾干燥、滚筒干燥或通过其它任何已知的干燥方法进行。
本发明还涉及一种用于防止动物消化道中有害细菌的生长和/或防止肠道紊乱的方法,该方法包括给动物服用根据本发明的妥尔油脂肪酸的步骤。
在上下文中,术语“有害细菌”应理解为是指能够以包括与宿主动物竞争营养物的不利方式来影响动物的消化道或健康的任何细菌。在上下文中,术语“微生物种群”应理解为是指栖居于消化道中的微生物,包括细菌(Bacteria) 域,古菌(Archaea)域和真核(Eukaryote)域的微小成员,以及肠道寄生虫。取决于例如动物的健康和环境因素,微生物种群因动物种类不同而不同。
在上下文中,术语“肠道紊乱”应理解为是指动物消化道的各种紊乱,包括例如腹泻和其它肠道健康问题。
在上下文中,术语“动物”应理解为是指所有不同种类的动物,例如单胃动物、反刍动物、毛皮动物、宠物和水产养殖动物。不同动物(包括幼崽)的非限制性实例是奶牛、肉牛、猪、家禽、绵羊、山羊、马、狐狸、狗、猫和鱼。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,以有效量给动物服用TOFA。在进一步的实施方式中,以治疗有效量服用TOFA。
本发明具有许多优点。TOFA是容易获得的、天然的、低成本和环境友好的材料。进一步,它是无毒和良好耐受的。随之,本发明的其它益处是例如改善的动物健康和产量,更高的产品质量、均一性、食品和产品安全性。本发明使能够以低成本生产饲料组合物和饲料补充剂。
本发明的上述实施方式可以彼此任意组合的方式使用。若干实施方式可以组合在一起而形成本发明进一步的实施方式。本发明涉及的产品、方法或用途可包括至少一个上述本发明的实施方式。
实施例
下面将对本发明进行更详细的描述。
实施例1
病原体抑制试验
产气荚膜梭菌(Clostridium perfringens)是一种导致肉鸡和其它种类的家禽坏死性肠炎的病原性细菌。进行这个实验以研究具有5%树脂酸的TOFA对产气荚膜梭菌的抑制。
用产气荚膜梭菌生长抑制试验对未经处理的和经消化的试验化合物的效力进行了试验,其中测定了在模拟过程中作为单位体积介质中细菌细胞数量增加的结果的梭菌培养介质的浊度以及累积产气量。
试验中有四种处理方式:对照、对照/乙醇、TOFA5%和预消化的TOFA5%,并且用两个浓度的TOFA产品进行了试验。为了使未经处理的TOFA5%溶解于模拟介质的水相中,首先用乙醇稀释TOFA5%。经消化的TOFA产品稀释在无菌水中。
TOFA的胃肠消化:妥尔油在5%和1%的储备液(stock solution)中进行消化,开始在+37℃下用胃蛋白酶-HCl消化(pH 2.5)处理3小时,随后用NaOH (pH 6.5)中和食糜并且在+37℃下用胆汁酸和胰酶另外处理3小时。该消化模拟单胃动物的胃和小肠的消化。进行上述消化是为了评估产品在进入具有更高微生物活性的远端肠之前是否耐受上胃肠道的条件。
上述模拟在含有15ml无菌厌氧TSGY-介质(具有葡萄糖的胰蛋白酶大豆肉汤-酵母提取介质)的25ml玻璃瓶中进行,并且用气密性塞子密封上述瓶以确保整个实验过程中的厌氧条件。在模拟开始时,将0.1%的过夜生长的产气荚膜梭菌培养基的接种体注入到TSGY-瓶中。从根据所述处理的各储备液中将被测化合物或乙醇以150μl的最终体积加入。随机分配各模拟瓶以避免各处理之间的人为偏差。将瓶子保持在均匀温度37℃下,并且在每个时间点测量浊度之前混合1分钟。总模拟时间是8小时。
在时间点0.5小时、3小时、6小时和8小时测量了浊度。生长介质的浊度 (光密度,OD)的增加与产气荚膜梭菌细胞数目和细胞密度的增加成比例。有时,被测化合物的最高浓度在模拟开始时就已经影响了浊度而与细菌生长无关,因此每个单独模拟瓶的浊度变化为比较不同的被测化合物或剂量提供更多的信息。在8小时模拟结束时测量了作为生长效力指标的总产气量,因为产气荚膜梭菌由于指数增长过程中的活性代谢而产生可检测量的气体。
结果
结果示于图1a和图1b中。未经处理的和经消化的TOFA这两种处理方式在浓度0.001%时仍能几乎完全地有效抑制产气荚膜梭菌的生长,该结果由在8 小时内没有浊度变化(图1a)并且产生小于2ml的气体(图1b)检测到。
浓度为0.05%的TOFA(没有在图中示出)完全防止了产气荚膜梭菌的生长。
上述结果表明,TOFA耐受胃肠消化并且保持其抗产气荚膜梭菌生长的效力。该结果表明,如果在饲料中将TOFA给予肉鸡或其它种类的家禽,TOFA 可防止或减轻坏死性肠炎的发病。
实验表明,TOFA非常有效地抗产气荚膜梭菌的生长,并且TOFA大部分的活性能耐受肠胃消化。
实施例2
病原体抑制试验
进行该实验以比较具有8.5%树脂酸的TOFA与竞争产品体外抑制下述三种革兰氏阳性病原体纯培养物生长的能力:产气荚膜梭菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和猪链球菌。竞争产品是商业的天然植物提取物和中链脂肪酸产品。植物提取物A-C 已商品化,对革兰氏阳性病原性细菌具有抑制作用,并且它们可用于例如控制球虫病的风险。在模拟之前,细菌在它们特定生长介质中生长过夜作为纯培养物。细菌培养物用作实验中的接种菌。
产品和产品剂量示于表1中。
表 1
产品 | 剂量1(千克/吨饲料) | 剂量2(千克/吨饲料) |
TOFA 8.5%树脂酸 | 0.25 | 0.50 |
植物(牛至(Oregano))提取物A | 0.25 | 0.50 |
植物提取物B | 0.25 | 0.50 |
植物提取物C | 0.50 | 1.00 |
中链脂肪酸产品(MCFA) | 0.25 | 0.50 |
首先将被测产品称量到玻璃瓶中。加入15毫升细菌生长介质。在厌氧手套箱中准备产气荚膜梭菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的瓶,而在需氧环境下准备猪链球菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌(B.cereus)的瓶。然后,用气密性塞子密封上述瓶以确保产气荚膜梭菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的整个实验过程中的厌氧条件。将针推送穿过两种需氧细菌的塞子以确保培养的氧气供应。将150毫升细菌培养物(见上文) 加入到各瓶中用作接种体(1%体积)。模拟时间从接种每个容器的时间开始计算。在模拟过程中,将瓶保持在恒定温度37℃下,缓慢摇动8小时。在时间点 0小时、2小时、4小时、6小时和8小时测量了光密度。生长介质的浊度(光密度,OD)的增加与细菌细胞密度的增加成比例。
每个产品用两个浓度进行试验,并且每个浓度重复三次。剂量2是商业产品的推荐剂量。每个产品浓度还有不包括微生物的对照容器(一次重复每产品每剂量)。在模拟过程中,在这些处理方式中,控制了上述被测产品可引入到生长介质中的任何潜在的浑浊度的增加。模拟容器的总数量为每种细菌种类123。
结果
结果示于图2a至2f中。在8小时时间点时,本发明的TOFA在两个产品浓度下完全抑制产气荚膜梭菌的生长(图2a和图2b)。
在研究浓度下的TOFA存在下,金黄色葡萄球菌完全不能够生长,而其它产品在剂量1时没有表现出抑制(图2c)。其它产品中两种产品在产品剂量2 时表现出部分抑制(图2d)。
在8小时模拟过程中,两个产品剂量的TOFA完全防止猪链球菌 (Streptococcussuis)的生长(图2e和图2f)。在剂量2时,MCFA产品在8小时的时间点有效地抑制猪链球菌的生长(图2f)。
实验表明,与声称对革兰氏阳性病原性细菌有抑制作用的商业植物提取物 A-C相比,TOFA更加有效地抗产气荚膜梭菌、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)和猪链球菌的生长。
对于本领域技术人员来讲显而易见的是,随着技术的进步,本发明的基本思想可以以多种方式实施。因此,本发明及其实施方式不限于上述实施例,而是它们可以在权利要求书的范围内变化。
Claims (13)
1.一种妥尔油脂肪酸在制备用于防止动物消化道中有害细菌的生长和/或防止肠道紊乱的药物中的用途,所述妥尔油脂肪酸包括1%-10%(w/w)的树脂酸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的妥尔油脂肪酸的用途,其特征在于,所述妥尔油脂肪酸包括2%-9%(w/w)的树脂酸。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的妥尔油脂肪酸的用途,其特征在于,所述妥尔油脂肪酸包括5%-9%(w/w)的树脂酸。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的妥尔油脂肪酸的用途,其特征在于,所述妥尔油脂肪酸包括90%-98%(w/w)的脂肪酸。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的妥尔油脂肪酸的用途,其特征在于,所述妥尔油脂肪酸是经干燥的。
6.一种包括妥尔油脂肪酸的饲料补充剂在制备用于防止动物消化道中有害细菌的生长和/或防止肠道紊乱的药物中的用途,所述妥尔油脂肪酸包括1%-10%(w/w)的树脂酸。
7.根据权利要求6所述的饲料补充剂的用途,其特征在于,所述妥尔油脂肪酸包括2%-9%(w/w)的树脂酸。
8.根据权利要求7所述的饲料补充剂的用途,其特征在于,所述妥尔油脂肪酸包括5%-9%(w/w)的树脂酸。
9.根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的饲料补充剂的用途,其特征在于,所述妥尔油脂肪酸是经干燥的。
10.根据权利要求6至8中任一项所述的饲料补充剂的用途,其特征在于,所述妥尔油脂肪酸被吸附到载体材料上。
11.一种包括饲料补充剂的饲料组合物在制备用于防止动物消化道中有害细菌的生长和/或防止肠道紊乱的药物中的用途,所述饲料补充剂包括妥尔油脂肪酸,所述妥尔油脂肪酸包括1%-10%(w/w)的树脂酸。
12.根据权利要求11所述的饲料组合物的用途,其特征在于,所述饲料组合物包括以饲料总量干重计0.00001%-0.5%(w/w)的饲料补充剂。
13.根据权利要求11或12所述的饲料组合物的用途,其特征在于,所述饲料组合物包括以饲料总量干重计0.0005%-0.1%(w/w)的饲料补充剂。
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CN201480027956.9A Active CN105228459B (zh) | 2013-05-14 | 2014-05-09 | 妥尔油脂肪酸的用途 |
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EP (3) | EP2996484B1 (zh) |
CN (3) | CN105228466B (zh) |
BR (3) | BR112015027513B1 (zh) |
CA (3) | CA2910035A1 (zh) |
DK (3) | DK2996488T3 (zh) |
EA (3) | EA027397B1 (zh) |
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FI (1) | FI124918B (zh) |
HU (2) | HUE050938T2 (zh) |
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FI124101B (en) | 2012-05-14 | 2014-03-14 | Hankkija Maatalous Oy | Modified tall oil fatty acid |
FI124918B (fi) | 2013-05-14 | 2015-03-31 | Hankkija Maatalous Oy | Mäntyöljyrasvahappo |
FI125051B (fi) | 2013-10-24 | 2015-05-15 | Hankkija Oy | Mäntyöljyrasvahappo |
WO2015071534A1 (en) | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-21 | Hankkija Oy | A feed supplement and a feed composition comprising resin acid based composition |
BR112019021742A2 (pt) | 2017-04-17 | 2020-05-05 | Univ Chicago | composição, sistema, composição farmacêutica, composição alimentícia ou nutracêutica, método e uso da composição |
CN113950248A (zh) * | 2019-04-12 | 2022-01-18 | 轨迹Ip有限责任公司 | 用于增强碳封存和减少牲畜产生的温室气体排放物的牧场处理 |
FI130898B1 (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2024-05-16 | Forchem Oyj | A method of killing dormant forms of bacteria, reducing viability and/or preventing germination |
EP4023813A1 (de) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-07-06 | Technische Universität Wien | Verfahren zur herstellung von produkten auf basis von holz als rohstoff |
EP4023812A1 (de) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-07-06 | MM BOARD & PAPER GmbH | Verfahren zur herstellung von produkten auf basis von holz als rohstoff |
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