CN105218182A - The production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate - Google Patents
The production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN105218182A CN105218182A CN201410263859.1A CN201410263859A CN105218182A CN 105218182 A CN105218182 A CN 105218182A CN 201410263859 A CN201410263859 A CN 201410263859A CN 105218182 A CN105218182 A CN 105218182A
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate, comprise the steps: 1) Feedstock treating; 2) screening of microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum; 3) raw material mixing; 4) to become thoroughly decomposed process; 5) screening process.The production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate of the present invention with chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil for main raw material, be aided with certain chicken feather and Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus, raw material sources facilitate environmental protection, turn waste into wealth, cost of manufacture is lower, and in processing treatment process by improve raw material pretreatment process, regulate the measures such as the C/N ratio of raw material, oxygen-supplying amount and turning number of times, the moisture content of raw material, pH, control leavening temperature and fermentation time to reduce nitrogen volatilization loss, prevent organic substance decomposing in raw material excessive, to ensure the quality of product, to improve the nutritive value of product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grow seedlings of vegetable technical field, particularly relate to a kind of production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate.
Background technology
Along with the development of vegetables industry, mass-producing, commercial matrix hole plate seedling growth progressively substitute traditional has seedlings and soil, becomes the major way of nursery.The matrix that current vegetables substrate seedling adopts take mainly stalk as main raw material, and due to the increase of matrix usage quantity, supply bottleneck appears in raw material.Grow seedlings of vegetable quality of the prior art is unsatisfactory, and can discharge a large amount of waste liquid in production process, and produces foul odour.Grow better in order to rice shoot can be made, generally all can add various trace element in matrix, such as potassium calcium phosphorus etc., and be all at present generally add the compounds such as calcium salt, microcosmic salt and sylvite to carry out element and supplement, and produce these compounds to environment and have certain pollution, buying these compounds also needs to spend certain cost.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides the production technique of the Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate of the quality of finished product good that a kind of preparation technology is simple, cost of manufacture is low, obtain.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate, comprises the steps:
1) Feedstock treating: collecting chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil is main raw material, collects Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus and chicken feather is auxiliary material, by the process of chicken manure high temperature puffing, carries out disinfection to rural area soil, is ground into powder after Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus, chicken feather being dried respectively;
2) screening of microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum: adopt selective medium screening function microorganism respectively, and respectively separation and purification is carried out to low temperature modification, middle warm type and high temperature modification difference in functionality microorganism by the difference of optimum temperuture, therefrom choose active high microbial strains alternatively bacterial strain further, take organic materials as raw material, orthogonal test is adopted to carry out lab scale, obtain the antimicrobial composition of best ferment effect, then carry out pilot scale, determine its ferment effect;
3) raw material mixing: by chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil according to weight ratio be 2: 3: 4 mixing, then 300-500 gram of chicken feather powder and 400-500 gram of egg shell powder in every cubic metre of mixture, again with the microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum mix and blend screened, control moisture between 60-65%, C/N ferments than in 40-80, fermentation 6-10 days;
4) to become thoroughly decomposed process: mixture temperature is risen to 70-75 DEG C, and become thoroughly decomposed 10-30 days, and carry out turning process;
5) instrumentality is added: add instrumentality and regulate pH, unit weight and EC value, and add slow-release fertilizer;
6) screening process: pulverize after the compound airing after interpolation instrumentality, and carry out screening process, then weigh, pack.
In order to obtain chicken feather powder more easily, the production method of described chicken feather powder comprises the following steps:
1) chicken feather clear water is cleaned;
2) hydrochloric acid or dilute sulphuric acid generation hydrolysis reaction is added;
3) then ammonia neutralization is added;
4) take out chicken feather to dry post-treatment and become powder.
In order to improve efficiency of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the effect that makes to become thoroughly decomposed is better, and in raw material mixing step, the weight ratio of described microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum and mixture is 1: 1000-3: 1000.
In order to improve efficiency of becoming thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed in treatment step, when to compound turning process, every turning in 24-36 hour once.
In order to make matrix play better effect, add in instrumentality step, pH remains on 6.0-7.0, and aeration porosity is: 10-40%, and water-holding porosity is: 25-45%; Specific conductivity is 1.50-1.55ms/cm, and unit weight is 0.2-0.4g/cm
3.
In order to improve the speed of becoming thoroughly decomposed, preventing from producing foul smell in digest process, becoming thoroughly decomposed in treatment step, add the microbiobacterial agent that can produce acid.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate of the present invention is with chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil are main raw material, be aided with certain chicken feather and Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus, raw material sources facilitate environmental protection, turn waste into wealth, cost of manufacture is lower, and by improving the pretreatment process of raw material in processing treatment process, regulate the C/N ratio of raw material, oxygen-supplying amount and turning number of times, the moisture content of raw material, pH, the measure such as leavening temperature and fermentation time that controls is to reduce nitrogen volatilization loss, prevent organic substance decomposing in raw material excessive, to ensure the quality of product, to improve the nutritive value of product.
Embodiment
In actual life, chicken is a kind of very common poultry, and Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus and chicken feather are also the wastes being very easy to produce, more particularly than relatively large poulty house.And containing abundant calcium constituent in Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus, and a large amount of calcium constituents can be obtained under the hydrolytic action of acid; Containing rich in protein and amino acid in chicken feather, a large amount of nitrogen elements can be provided, also have the elements such as more potassium phosphorus in chicken feather in addition.
In growing process; potassium calcium phosphorus nitrogen etc. is all very important element; closely bound up with growing up strong and sturdy of plant; and in normal productive process, be all generally the interpolation directly carrying out element or trace element, such as ammonium salt, sylvite, microcosmic salt and calcium salt etc.; and adopt the main source that Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus and chicken feather add as element herein; not only digest a lot of disposed waste, protected environment, also save the production cost of product.
And vermiculite or perlite are mainly used for balancing the pH value of matrix, prevent matrix peracid or cross alkali, affect surviving rate.
On treatment process, reduce nitrogen loss and prevent organic excessive decomposition from being the key ensureing long nutritional type organic seedling raising matrix quality in processing treatment process.Therefore, the present invention can in processing treatment process by improve raw material pretreatment process, regulate the measures such as the C/N ratio of raw material, oxygen-supplying amount and turning number of times, the moisture content of raw material, pH, control leavening temperature and fermentation time to reduce nitrogen volatilization loss, prevent organic substance decomposing in raw material excessive, to ensure the quality of product.
Get the quality matrix such as four parts, be numbered A, B, C, D to test, wherein A is the mixture matrix containing chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses, rural area soil, B is the mixture matrix containing chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses, rural area soil, chicken feather, C is the mixture matrix containing chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses, rural area soil, Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus, D is the mixture matrix containing chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses, rural area soil, chicken feather and Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus, and the two Chinese cabbage seeds that grade four are seeded in four points of matrix respectively, and it is as follows that institute obtains experimental data:
| Numbering | Bud ratio | Height (mm) on the 10th | Height (mm) on the 20th | Height (mm) on the 30th |
| A | 61.9％ | 10.3-13.2 | 51.6-56.9 | 112.5-124.6 |
| B | 79.2％ | 14.5-17.6 | 63.8-76.3 | 130.3-152.3 |
| C | 84.5％ | 18.6-20.2 | 78.3-99.9 | 163.3-201.0 |
| D | 92.1％ | 20.5-25.6 | 101.2-108.2 | 208.4-256.3 |
By table in data reflect, in the matrix adding chicken feather powder and egg shell powder, the bud ratio of Chinese cabbage seed and growing state good significantly compared with first three kind.
The present invention is further detailed explanation in conjunction with the embodiments now.
Embodiment 1:
A production technique for Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate, comprises the steps:
1) Feedstock treating: collecting chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil is main raw material, collects Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus and chicken feather is auxiliary material, by the process of chicken manure high temperature puffing, carries out disinfection to rural area soil, is ground into powder after Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus, chicken feather being dried respectively;
2) screening of microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum: adopt selective medium screening function microorganism respectively, and respectively separation and purification is carried out to low temperature modification, middle warm type and high temperature modification difference in functionality microorganism by the difference of optimum temperuture, therefrom choose active high microbial strains alternatively bacterial strain further, take organic materials as raw material, orthogonal test is adopted to carry out lab scale, obtain the antimicrobial composition of best ferment effect, then carry out pilot scale, determine its ferment effect;
3) raw material mixing: by chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil according to weight ratio be 2: 3: 4 mixing, then 500 grams of chicken feather powder and 400 grams of egg shell powders in every cubic metre of mixture, mixture again with the microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum screened with weight ratio 1000: 3 mix and blend, control moisture about 65%, C/N ratio is 60 to ferment, and ferments 10 days;
4) to become thoroughly decomposed process: mixture temperature is risen to 75 DEG C, become thoroughly decomposed 30 days, and carry out turning process, turning in every 36 hours once;
5) instrumentality is added: add appropriate vermiculite and perlite, make pH remain on 6.0, aeration porosity is: 40%, and water-holding porosity is: 45%; Specific conductivity is 1.55ms/cm, and unit weight is 0.4g/cm
3, and add slow-release fertilizer;
6) screening process: pulverize after the compound airing after interpolation instrumentality, and carry out screening process, then weigh, pack.
| Bud ratio | Height (mm) on the 10th | Height (mm) on the 20th | Height (mm) on the 30th |
| 91.9％ | 23.5-24.8 | 103.2-107.2 | 237.1-252.3 |
Embodiment 2:
A production technique for Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate, comprises the steps:
1) Feedstock treating: collecting chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil is main raw material, collects Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus and chicken feather is auxiliary material, by the process of chicken manure high temperature puffing, carries out disinfection to rural area soil, is ground into powder after Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus, chicken feather being dried respectively;
2) screening of microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum: adopt selective medium screening function microorganism respectively, and respectively separation and purification is carried out to low temperature modification, middle warm type and high temperature modification difference in functionality microorganism by the difference of optimum temperuture, therefrom choose active high microbial strains alternatively bacterial strain further, take organic materials as raw material, orthogonal test is adopted to carry out lab scale, obtain the antimicrobial composition of best ferment effect, then carry out pilot scale, determine its ferment effect;
3) raw material mixing: by chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil according to weight ratio be 2: 3: 4 mixing, then 300 grams of chicken feather powder and 500 grams of egg shell powders in every cubic metre of mixture, mixture again with the microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum screened with weight ratio 1000: 1 mix and blend, control moisture about 60%, C/N ratio is 40 to ferment, and ferments 6 days;
4) to become thoroughly decomposed process: mixture temperature is risen to 70 DEG C, become thoroughly decomposed 10 days, and carry out turning process, turning in every 30 hours once;
5) instrumentality is added: add appropriate vermiculite and perlite, make pH remain on 7.0, aeration porosity is: 10%, and water-holding porosity is: 25%; Specific conductivity is 1.50ms/cm, and unit weight is 0.2g/cm
3, and add slow-release fertilizer;
6) screening process: pulverize after the compound airing after interpolation instrumentality, and carry out screening process, then weigh, pack.
| Bud ratio | Height (mm) on the 10th | Height (mm) on the 20th | Height (mm) on the 30th |
| 93.6％ | 22.8-25.2 | 104.2-107.1 | 241.1-255.3 |
Embodiment 3:
A production technique for Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate, comprises the steps:
1) Feedstock treating: collecting chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil is main raw material, collects Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus and chicken feather is auxiliary material, by the process of chicken manure high temperature puffing, carries out disinfection to rural area soil, is ground into powder after Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus, chicken feather being dried respectively;
2) screening of microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum: adopt selective medium screening function microorganism respectively, and respectively separation and purification is carried out to low temperature modification, middle warm type and high temperature modification difference in functionality microorganism by the difference of optimum temperuture, therefrom choose active high microbial strains alternatively bacterial strain further, take organic materials as raw material, orthogonal test is adopted to carry out lab scale, obtain the antimicrobial composition of best ferment effect, then carry out pilot scale, determine its ferment effect;
3) raw material mixing: by chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil according to weight ratio be 2: 3: 4 mixing, then 400 grams of chicken feather powder and 450 grams of egg shell powders in every cubic metre of mixture, mixture again with the microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum screened with weight ratio 1000: 2 mix and blend, control moisture about 62%, C/N ratio is 80 to ferment, and ferments 8 days;
4) to become thoroughly decomposed process: mixture temperature is risen to 73 DEG C, become thoroughly decomposed 20 days, and carry out turning process, turning in every 24 hours once;
5) instrumentality is added: add appropriate vermiculite and perlite, make pH remain on 6.5, aeration porosity is: 25%, and water-holding porosity is: 35%; Specific conductivity is 1.52ms/cm, and unit weight is 0.3g/cm
3, and add slow-release fertilizer;
6) screening process: pulverize after the compound airing after interpolation instrumentality, and carry out screening process, then weigh, pack.
| Bud ratio | Height (mm) on the 10th | Height (mm) on the 20th | Height (mm) on the 30th |
| 92.3％ | 20.7-23.8 | 102.5-106.2 | 218.1-236.3 |
Compared with prior art, the production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate of the present invention is with chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil are main raw material, be aided with certain chicken feather and Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus, raw material sources facilitate environmental protection, turn waste into wealth, cost of manufacture is lower, and by improving the pretreatment process of raw material in processing treatment process, regulate the C/N ratio of raw material, oxygen-supplying amount and turning number of times, the moisture content of raw material, pH, the measure such as leavening temperature and fermentation time that controls is to reduce nitrogen volatilization loss, prevent organic substance decomposing in raw material excessive, to ensure the quality of product, to improve the nutritive value of product.
With above-mentioned according to desirable embodiment of the present invention for enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff in the scope not departing from this invention technological thought, can carry out various change and amendment completely.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content on specification sheets, must determine its technical scope according to right.
Claims (6)
1. a production technique for Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) Feedstock treating: collecting chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil is main raw material, collects Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus and chicken feather is auxiliary material, by the process of chicken manure high temperature puffing, carries out disinfection to rural area soil, is ground into powder after Ovum crusta Gallus domesticus, chicken feather being dried respectively;
2) screening of microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum: adopt selective medium screening function microorganism respectively, and respectively separation and purification is carried out to low temperature modification, middle warm type and high temperature modification difference in functionality microorganism by the difference of optimum temperuture, therefrom choose active high microbial strains alternatively bacterial strain further, take organic materials as raw material, orthogonal test is adopted to carry out lab scale, obtain the antimicrobial composition of best ferment effect, then carry out pilot scale, determine its ferment effect;
3) raw material mixing: by chicken manure, the peat composed of rotten mosses and rural area soil according to weight ratio be 2: 3: 4 mixing, then 300-500 gram of chicken feather powder and 400-500 gram of egg shell powder in every cubic metre of mixture, again with the microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum mix and blend screened, control moisture between 60-65%, C/N ferments than in 40-80, fermentation 6-10 days;
4) to become thoroughly decomposed process: mixture temperature is risen to 70-75 DEG C, and become thoroughly decomposed 10-30 days, and carry out turning process;
5) instrumentality is added: add instrumentality and regulate pH, unit weight and EC value, and add slow-release fertilizer;
6) screening process: pulverize after the compound airing after interpolation instrumentality, and carry out screening process, then weigh, pack.
2. the production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the production method of described chicken feather powder comprises the following steps:
1) chicken feather clear water is cleaned;
2) hydrochloric acid or dilute sulphuric acid generation hydrolysis reaction is added;
3) then ammonia neutralization is added;
4) take out chicken feather to dry post-treatment and become powder.
3. the production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step 3) in, the weight ratio of described microorganism-decomposing microbial inoculum and mixture is 1: 1000-3: 1000.
4. the production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step 4) in, when to compound turning process, every turning in 24-36 hour once.
5. the production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step 5) in, pH remains on 6.0-7.0, and aeration porosity is: 10-40%, and water-holding porosity is: 25-45%; Specific conductivity is 1.50-1.55ms/cm, and unit weight is 0.2-0.4g/cm
3.
6. the production technique of Chinese cabbage seedling cultivating substrate as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, step 4) in, in digest process, add the microbiobacterial agent that can produce acid.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106495770A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-15 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of efficient high-rate composting fermentation process of utilization agriculture and forestry organic waste material |
| CN107079732A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-08-22 | 周兴虎 | A kind of willow cuttage and seedling culture matrix |
| CN108610169A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2018-10-02 | 苏州赵陈生物科技有限公司 | A kind of potato seedling medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102187777A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-21 | 许水茂 | Planting soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN102276332A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-14 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Seedling culturing medium with cassava dregs as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN103553833A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-05 | 宁夏共享集团有限责任公司 | Production method of vegetable seedling raising substrate |
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2014
- 2014-06-11 CN CN201410263859.1A patent/CN105218182A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102187777A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-21 | 许水茂 | Planting soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN102276332A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2011-12-14 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Seedling culturing medium with cassava dregs as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN103553833A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-05 | 宁夏共享集团有限责任公司 | Production method of vegetable seedling raising substrate |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106495770A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-15 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of efficient high-rate composting fermentation process of utilization agriculture and forestry organic waste material |
| CN107079732A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-08-22 | 周兴虎 | A kind of willow cuttage and seedling culture matrix |
| CN108610169A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2018-10-02 | 苏州赵陈生物科技有限公司 | A kind of potato seedling medium |
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Application publication date: 20160106 |