CN105209279B - 混合动力车辆用驱动装置 - Google Patents

混合动力车辆用驱动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105209279B
CN105209279B CN201380076530.8A CN201380076530A CN105209279B CN 105209279 B CN105209279 B CN 105209279B CN 201380076530 A CN201380076530 A CN 201380076530A CN 105209279 B CN105209279 B CN 105209279B
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rotary element
differential attachment
rotation
gear
dynamotor
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CN105209279A (zh
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奥脇茂
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/10—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of change-speed gearings
    • B60W10/11—Stepped gearings
    • B60W10/115—Stepped gearings with planetary gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units, or advanced driver assistance systems for ensuring comfort, stability and safety or drive control systems for propelling or retarding the vehicle
    • B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/19—Improvement of gear change, e.g. by synchronisation or smoothing gear shift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F16H3/728—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2007—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with two sets of orbital gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909—Gearing
    • Y10S903/91—Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/917—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev with transmission for changing gear ratio
    • Y10S903/919—Stepped shift

Abstract

驱动装置具备：第1行星齿轮机构，齿轮架与内燃机连接，太阳轮与第1MG连接，齿圈经由第1传动齿轮以及第1从动齿轮与副轴连接；和第2行星齿轮机构，在太阳轮设置制动器，齿轮架与内燃机连接，齿圈经由第2传动齿轮以及第2从动齿轮与副轴连接。并且，第1传动齿轮与第1从动齿轮的传动比为比第2传动齿轮与第2从动齿轮的传动比大。

Description

混合动力车辆用驱动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及能够利用差动机构以及电动发电机对内燃机的旋转进行变速而传递到驱动轮的混合动力车辆用驱动装置。
背景技术
已知一种混合动力车辆，将内燃机、电动发电机以及输出轴连接于行星齿轮机构的彼此不同的旋转要素，利用行星齿轮机构以及电动发电机使内燃机的转速与输出轴的转速之比、即变速比连续地变化。作为这样的混合动力车辆的驱动装置，已知如下装置，该装置具备2个行星齿轮机构和制动器，通过它们来实现使变速比连续地变化的无级变速状态和内燃机的转速比输出轴的转速小的超速传动(超速档)状态(参照专利文献1)。在该专利文献1的装置中，在无级变速状态的情况下，旋转传递所使用的行星齿轮机构仅是2个行星齿轮机构中的一方。因此，可抑制机械损失。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2004-345527号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
在专利文献1的装置中，在超速传动状态的情况下使用2个行星齿轮机构这双方将内燃机的旋转传递到输出轴。因此，存在进一步减少机械损失的余地。
因此，本发明的目的在于提供与以往相比能够减少机械损失的混合动力车辆用驱动装置。
用于解决问题的手段
本发明的驱动装置具备：内燃机；电动发电机；输出部件，其与驱动轮以能够传递动力的方式连接；第1差动机构，其具有能够相互差动旋转的第1旋转要素、第2旋转要素以及第3旋转要素，在列线图上所述第3旋转要素配置于所述第1旋转要素与所述第2旋转要素之间；第2差动机构，其具有能够相互差动旋转的第1旋转要素、第2旋转要素以及第3旋转要素，在列线图上所述第3旋转要素配置于所述第1旋转要素与所述第2旋转要素之间；以及锁定机构，其能够切换为将所述第2差动机构的第1旋转要素锁定成不能够旋转的锁定状态和容许所述第2差动机构的第1旋转要素的旋转的释放状态，所述内燃机的输出轴、所述第1差动机构的第3旋转要素以及所述第2差动机构的第3旋转要素以一体旋转的方式连结，所述电动发电机的输出轴与所述第1差动机构的第1旋转要素以一体旋转的方式连结，所述第1差动机构的第2旋转要素经由所述输出部件和第1旋转传递路径以能够传递旋转的方式连接，所述第2差动机构的第2旋转要素经由所述输出部件和第2旋转传递路径以能够传递旋转的方式连接，所述第1旋转传递路径形成为，旋转从所述第1差动机构的第2旋转要素向所述输出部件以第1变速比变速而传递，所述第2旋转传递路径形成为旋转从所述第2差动机构的第2旋转要素向所述输出部件以比所述第1变速比小的第2变速比变速而传递。
在本发明的驱动装置中，通过将锁定机构切换为释放状态，由电动发电机产生反作用力，从而能够仅经由第1差动机构将内燃机的旋转传递到输出部件。并且，在该情况下，通过使电动发电机的转速变化，能够连续地变更内燃机的转速与输出部件的转速之间的变速比。即，能够使驱动装置为无级变速状态。另一方面，通过将锁定机构切换为锁定状态，使电动发电机的转矩为零，能够仅经由第2差动机构将内燃机的旋转传递到输出部件。并且，通过像这样将锁定机构切换为锁定状态，能够使内燃机的转速比输出部件的转速低。因此，能够使驱动装置为超速传动状态。像这样，根据本发明的驱动装置，无论在无级变速状态以及超速传动状态的哪个状态下都能仅经由一方的差动机构传递内燃机的旋转。因此，与以往相比能够减少机械损失。
在本发明的驱动装置的一方案中，也可以是，所述内燃机、所述电动发电机、所述第1差动机构、所述第2差动机构以及所述锁定机构同轴地配置，所述第1差动机构以及所述第2差动机构配置于所述内燃机与所述电动发电机之间，所述锁定机构隔着所述电动发电机、所述第1差动机构以及所述第2差动机构配置于与所述内燃机相反的一侧。根据该方案，锁定机构不配置于电动发电机与内燃机之间，所以能够减小锁定机构的外径。因此，能够使锁定机构小型化。
在本发明的驱动装置的一方案中，也可以是，还具备车辆控制装置，所述车辆控制装置在所述车辆的速度为预先设定的预定的判定速度以上的情况下，将所述锁定机构切换为所述锁定状态并且使所述电动发电机的转矩为零。通过像这样控制锁定机构以及电动发电机，能够在车辆正在高速行驶时使驱动装置为超速传动状态。由此，能够降低内燃机的转速，所以能够提高燃料经济性。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的第1实施方式的驱动装置的图。
图2是表示第1实施方式的驱动装置为无级变速模式时的列线图的一例的图。
图3是表示第1实施方式的驱动装置为超速传动模式时的列线图的一例的图。
图4是表示本发明的第2实施方式的驱动装置的图。
具体实施方式
(第1实施方式)
图1示出了本发明的第1实施方式的驱动装置的骨架图。该驱动装置10A搭载于混合动力车辆1，具备内燃机(以下，有时称为发动机。)11、第1电动发电机(以下，有时简称作第1MG。)12以及第2电动发电机(以下，有时简称作第2MG。)13。发动机11是搭载于混合动力车辆的周知的火花点火式内燃机。因此，省略详细的说明。第1MG12以及第2MG13是作为电动机以及发电机发挥功能的周知的电动发电机。第1MG12具备与转子轴12a一体旋转的转子12b和同轴地配置于转子12b的外周且固定于壳体(未图示)的定子12c。第2MG13也同样具备与转子轴13a一体旋转的转子13b和同轴地配置于转子13b的外周且固定于壳体的定子13c。
发动机11的输出轴11a以及第1MG12的转子轴12a与动力分配机构20连接。在动力分配机构20也连接有用于向车辆1的驱动轮2输出动力的输出部14。输出部14具备作为输出部件的副轴15和与副轴15一体旋转的输出齿轮16。输出齿轮16与设置于差速机构17的壳体的齿圈17a啮合。差速机构17是将传递到齿圈17a的动力分配到左右的驱动轮2的周知的机构。
动力分配机构20具备第1行星齿轮机构21和第2行星齿轮机构22。这些行星齿轮机构21、22是单小齿轮(single pinion)型的行星齿轮机构。第1行星齿轮机构21具备作为外齿轮的太阳轮S1、与太阳轮S1同轴地配置的作为内齿轮的齿圈R1以及将与该齿轮S1、R1啮合的小齿轮P1保持为能够自转且能够在太阳轮S1的周围公转的齿轮架C1。以后，有时将该第1行星齿轮机构21的太阳轮S1称作第1太阳轮S1，将齿圈R1称作第1齿圈R1，将齿轮架C1称作第1齿轮架C1。第2行星齿轮机构22也同样具备作为外齿轮的太阳轮S2、与太阳轮S2同轴地配置的作为内齿轮的齿圈R2以及将与该齿轮S2、R2啮合的小齿轮P2保持为能够自转且能够在太阳轮S2的周围公转的齿轮架C2。以后，有时将该第2行星齿轮机构22的太阳轮S2称作第2太阳轮S2，将齿圈R2称作第2齿圈R2，将齿轮架C2称作第2齿轮架C2。第1行星齿轮机构21以及第2行星齿轮机构22构成为太阳轮、齿轮架以及齿圈之间的变速比彼此相同。
如该图所示，第1齿轮架C1以及第2齿轮架C2与发动机11的输出轴11a以一体旋转的方式连结。第1太阳轮S1与第1MG12的转子轴12a连结。第2太阳轮S2与制动器23连结。该制动器23能够切换为将第2太阳轮S2锁定成不能够旋转的锁定状态和容许第2太阳轮S2的旋转的释放状态。此外，制动器23只要使用周知的摩擦制动器等即可。因此，省略制动器23的详细的说明。
如该图所示，发动机11、第1MG12、第1行星齿轮机构21、第2行星齿轮机构22以及制动器23同轴地配置。并且，第1行星齿轮机构21以及第2行星齿轮机构22配置于发动机11与第1MG12之间。制动器23隔着第1MG12、第1行星齿轮机构21以及第2行星齿轮机构22配置于与发动机11的相反的一侧。即，制动器23配置成不夹于发动机11和第1MG12之间。
第1齿圈R1与第1传动齿轮24以一体旋转的方式连结。该第1传动齿轮24与设置于副轴15的第1从动齿轮25啮合。另外，第2齿圈R2与第2传动齿轮26以一体旋转的方式连结。第2传动齿轮26与设置于副轴15的第2从动齿轮27啮合。第1传动齿轮24与第1从动齿轮25的传动比γ1设定为比第2传动齿轮26与第2从动齿轮27的传动比γ2大的值。即，这些传动比具有γ1>γ2的关系。
在第2MG13的转子轴13a设置有第3传动齿轮28。传动齿轮28与设置于副轴15的第3从动齿轮29啮合。
在该驱动装置10A中，通过切换制动器23的状态来实现无级变速模式以及超速传动模式。在无级变速模式中，将制动器23切换为释放状态。图2示出了无级变速模式时的驱动装置10A的列线图的一例。在该图中，“ENG”表示发动机11，“OUT”表示副轴15，“MG1”表示第1MG12。并且，实线L1表示第1行星齿轮机构21的各旋转要素的关系，虚线L2表示第2行星齿轮机构22的各旋转要素的关系。“ρ”表示第1齿轮架C1与第1齿圈R1之间的变速比。在如该图所示将第1太阳轮S1与第1齿轮架C1之间的变速比设为了“1”的情况下，变速比ρ被设定为比1小的值。此外，在该图中示出了第1MG12的转速为0时的列线图。
由于如上所述在无级变速模式中将制动器23切换为释放状态，所以第2太阳轮S2空转。因此，发动机11的旋转仅经由第1行星齿轮机构21传递到副轴15。并且，在该情况下，通过适当调整第1MG12的转速，能够连续地变更发动机11的转速与副轴15的转速之比(变速比)。另一方面，由于第2太阳轮S2空转，所以第2行星齿轮机构22不对发动机11的旋转的传递作贡献。
在超速传动模式中，将制动器23切换为锁定状态。并且，使第1MG12的转矩为零。即，使第1MG12空转。图3示出了超速传动模式时的驱动装置10A的列线图的一例。此外，在该图中对与图2相同的部分标注相同附图标记而省略说明。在该模式中，由于将制动器23切换为锁定状态，所以第2太阳轮S2被锁定成不能够旋转。并且，由于第1MG12空转，所以发动机11的旋转仅经由第2行星齿轮机构22传递到副轴15。如该图所示，在超速传动模式中，副轴15的转速比发动机11的转速高。因此，驱动装置10A成为超速传动状态。另一方面，由于第1MG12空转，因此第1行星齿轮机构21不对发动机11的旋转的传递作贡献。此外，在像上述那样将第2太阳轮S2与第2齿轮架C2之间的变速比设为了1的情况下，第2齿轮架C2与第2齿圈R2之间的变速比ρ被设定为比1小的值。因此，在切换为了超速传动模式的情况下，能够减小第2太阳轮S2的转速与第1太阳轮S1的转速之差。因此，能够减小第1MG12的转速。
如上所述，在无级变速模式中从第1行星齿轮机构21输出转矩。另一方面，在超速传动模式中从第2行星齿轮机构22输出转矩。不过，无论在哪个模式中，转矩最终都输入到同一副轴15。第1行星齿轮机构21的转速以及第2行星齿轮机构22的转速无论在哪个模式下都相同。因此，副轴15的输出不发生变化。不过，在超速传动模式中，发动机11的转速降低。因此，由第2行星齿轮机构22的3个旋转要素制造出超速传动状态。
制动器23由车辆控制装置30控制。车辆控制装置30作为包括微处理器及其工作所需的RAM、ROM等周边设备的计算机单元而构成。车辆控制装置30保持有用于使车辆1适当行驶的各种控制程序。车辆控制装置30通过执行这些程序而进行对发动机11以及各MG12、13等控制对象的控制。在车辆控制装置30连接有用于取得车辆1的信息的各种传感器。在车辆控制装置30例如连接有车速传感器31。车速传感器31输出与车辆1的速度(车速)对应的信号。另外还在车辆控制装置30连接有各种传感器、开关等，但省略了它们的图示。
车辆控制装置30基于车速切换驱动装置10A的模式。车辆控制装置30在车速为预先设定的判定速度以上的情况下将制动器23切换为锁定状态。由此，驱动装置10A的模式切换为超速传动模式。此外，判定速度作为判定车辆1是否正在高速行驶的基准而设定。另一方面，车辆控制装置30在车速小于判定速度的情况下将制动器23切换为释放状态。由此，驱动装置10A的模式切换为无级变速模式。
如以上所说明，在本实施方式中，能够如图3所示实质上由第2行星齿轮机构22的3个旋转要素实现超速传动模式。另外，无级变速模式也能够由第1行星齿轮机构21的3个旋转要素实现。因此，不论在无级变速模式以及超速传动模式的哪一个中发动机11的旋转都仅经由1个行星齿轮机构传递到副轴15。因此，能够减少机械损失。
另外，如图1所示，制动器23配置成不夹于发动机11与第1MG12之间。在该情况下，能够减小制动器23的外径。因此，能够使制动器23小型化。
在车辆1正在高速行驶的情况下，将制动器23切换为锁定状态，并且使第1MG12的转矩为零。由此，驱动装置10A的模式切换为超速传动模式，所以能够使发动机11的转速降低。因此，能够提高燃料经济性。
在本实施方式中，第1MG12对应于本发明的电动发电机。第1行星齿轮机构21对应于本发明的第1差动机构。第1太阳轮S1对应于本发明的第1差动机构的第1旋转要素。第1齿圈R1对应于本发明的第1差动机构的第2旋转要素。第1齿轮架C1对应于本发明的第1差动机构的第3旋转要素。第2行星齿轮机构22对应于本发明的第2差动机构。第2太阳轮S2对应于本发明的第2差动机构的第1旋转要素。第2齿圈R2对应于本发明的第2差动机构的第2旋转要素。第2齿轮架C2对应于本发明的第2差动机构的第3旋转要素。制动器23对应于本发明的锁定机构。车辆控制装置30对应于本发明的车辆控制装置。在本实施方式中，由第1传动齿轮24以及第1从动齿轮25形成本发明的第1旋转传递路径。另外，由第2传动齿轮26以及第2从动齿轮27形成本发明的第2旋转传递路径。
(第2实施方式)
接着，参照图4对本发明的第2实施方式的驱动装置进行说明。图4示出了本实施方式的驱动装置10B的骨架图。此外，在该图中对与图1相同的部分标注相同的附图标记而省略说明。
在本实施方式中，在第1齿圈R1的外周面设置外齿T1。以下，有时将该外齿T1称作第1外齿。另外，也在第2齿圈R2的外周面设置外齿T2。以下，有时将该外齿T2称作第2外齿。另外，第1齿圈R1形成为外径比第2齿圈R2的外径小。因此，第1外齿T1的齿数比第2外齿T2的齿数少。此外，第1齿圈R1的内径与第2齿圈R2的内径相同，这些齿圈R1、R2的内齿的齿数相同。
如该图所示，在第1齿圈R1以及第2齿圈R2的径向外侧，以与这些齿圈R1、R2的轴线平行的方式设置有传递轴40。在传递轴40设置有第1中间齿轮41以及第2中间齿轮42。第1中间齿轮41与第1外齿T1啮合。第2中间齿轮42与第2外齿T2啮合。并且，第1外齿T1与第1中间齿轮41的传动比γ11设定为比第2外齿T2与第2中间齿轮42的传动比γ12大的值。即，这些传动比具有γ11>γ12的关系。因此，第1齿圈R1的转速比第2齿圈R2的转速低。
在该驱动装置10B中，也通过对制动器23的状态进行切换来实现无级变速模式以及超速传动模式。在无级变速模式中，将制动器23切换为释放状态。因此，第2太阳轮S2空转。在该情况下，发动机11的旋转经由第1行星齿轮机构21、传递轴40、第2齿圈R2以及第2传动齿轮26传递到副轴15。此时，第2齿圈R2只作为将第2中间齿轮42的旋转向第2传动齿轮26传递的部件发挥作用。因此，在该无级变速模式中，第2行星齿轮机构22也不对发动机11的旋转的传递作贡献。
在超速传动模式中，将制动器23切换为锁定状态。并且，使第1MG12的转矩为零。在该情况下，发动机11的旋转经由第2行星齿轮机构22以及第2传动齿轮26传递到副轴15。因此，第1行星齿轮机构21不对发动机11的旋转的传递作贡献。
此外，在本实施方式中，制动器23也由车辆控制装置30控制。车辆控制装置30在车速为判定速度以上的情况下将制动器23切换为锁定状态。由此，驱动装置10B的模式切换为超速传动模式。另一方面，车辆控制装置30在车速小于判定速度的情况下将制动器23切换为释放状态。由此，驱动装置10B的模式切换为无级变速模式。
如以上所说明，在本实施方式中，在无级变速模式以及超速传动模式这双方的模式下发动机11的旋转也仅经由1个行星齿轮机构传递到副轴15。因此，能够减少机械损失。另外，制动器23配置成不夹于发动机11与第1MG12之间。因此，能够使制动器23小型化。并且，在车辆1正在高速行驶的情况下，驱动装置10B的模式切换为超速传动模式，所以能够提高燃料经济性。
在本实施方式中，由第1中间齿轮41、传递轴40、第2中间齿轮42、第2齿圈R2、第2传动齿轮26以及第2从动齿轮27形成本发明的第1旋转传递路径。
本发明不限于上述的实施方式，能够通过各种实施方式进行实施。例如，设置于本发明的驱动装置的行星齿轮机构不限于单小齿轮型的行星齿轮机构。在本发明的驱动装置中，也可以使用双小齿轮型的行星齿轮机构。其中，在该情况下，各实施方式中的齿圈和齿轮架的连接对象可适当变更。

Claims (3)

1.一种混合动力车辆用驱动装置，具备：
内燃机；
电动发电机；
输出部件，其与驱动轮以能够传递动力的方式连接；
其特征在于，具备：
第1差动机构，其具有能够相互差动旋转的第1旋转要素、第2旋转要素以及第3旋转要素，在列线图上所述第3旋转要素配置于所述第1旋转要素与所述第2旋转要素之间；
第2差动机构，其具有能够相互差动旋转的第1旋转要素、第2旋转要素以及第3旋转要素，在列线图上所述第3旋转要素配置于所述第1旋转要素与所述第2旋转要素之间；以及
锁定机构，其能够切换为将所述第2差动机构的第1旋转要素锁定成不能够旋转的锁定状态和容许所述第2差动机构的第1旋转要素的旋转的释放状态，
所述内燃机的输出轴、所述第1差动机构的第3旋转要素以及所述第2差动机构的第3旋转要素以一体旋转的方式连结，
所述电动发电机的输出轴与所述第1差动机构的第1旋转要素以一体旋转的方式连结，
所述第1差动机构的第2旋转要素经由第1旋转传递路径与所述输出部件以能够传递旋转的方式连接，
所述第2差动机构的第2旋转要素经由第2旋转传递路径与所述输出部件以能够传递旋转的方式连接，
所述第1旋转传递路径构成为，旋转从所述第1差动机构的第2旋转要素向所述输出部件以第1变速比变速而传递，
所述第2旋转传递路径构成为，旋转从所述第2差动机构的第2旋转要素向所述输出部件以比所述第1变速比小的第2变速比变速而传递。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动装置，
所述内燃机、所述电动发电机、所述第1差动机构、所述第2差动机构以及所述锁定机构同轴地配置，
所述第1差动机构以及所述第2差动机构配置于所述内燃机与所述电动发电机之间，
所述锁定机构隔着所述电动发电机、所述第1差动机构以及所述第2差动机构配置于与所述内燃机相反的一侧。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动装置，
还具备车辆控制装置，所述车辆控制装置在所述混合动力车辆的速度为预先设定的预定的判定速度以上的情况下，将所述锁定机构切换为所述锁定状态并且使所述电动发电机的转矩为零。
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