CN103775573B - 同轴齿轮系统 - Google Patents

同轴齿轮系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103775573B
CN103775573B CN201310445193.7A CN201310445193A CN103775573B CN 103775573 B CN103775573 B CN 103775573B CN 201310445193 A CN201310445193 A CN 201310445193A CN 103775573 B CN103775573 B CN 103775573B
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component
gear
gear train
group
jackshaft
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CN103775573A (zh
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G.塔梅
S.H.斯韦尔斯
N.舍内克
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/065—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2054—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed by controlling transmissions or clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
    • B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0806—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts
    • F16H37/0826—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with a plurality of driving or driven shafts with only one output shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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    • B60L2240/12—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L2240/44—Drive Train control parameters related to combustion engines
    • B60L2240/441—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0866—Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
    • F16H2037/101—Power split variators with one differential at each end of the CVT
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    • F16H2200/2007—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with two sets of orbital gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors

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Abstract

用于传递来自多个动力源传递的齿轮系包括第一、第二和第三输入构件以及输出构件。第一和第二输入构件绕第一轴线旋转，第三输入构件绕第二轴线旋转，并且输出构件绕第三轴线旋转。该齿轮系另外包括连接到第一输入构件的第一齿轮组。该齿轮系还包括连接到第二输入构件的第二齿轮组。该齿轮系另外包括绕第四轴线旋转的中间轴。而且，该齿轮系包括连接到该中间轴的第三齿轮组。在第三齿轮组中，第一构件连接到中间轴和第三输入构件，第二和第三构件相对于中间轴同轴设置，且配置用于彼此异步旋转，且第三构件还连接到输出构件。

Description

同轴齿轮系统
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于传递多个扭矩输入的同轴齿轮系统。
背景技术
齿轮系统或齿轮系通常用来在物理分离的位置之间传递旋转和扭矩。齿轮系还可允许在到齿轮系的输入和其输出之间获得机械利益。齿轮系通常通过在一框架上以允许两个或多个齿轮的齿接合的方式安装所提及齿轮而形成。例如，齿轮系通常被用于传递来自一个或多个动力装置的扭矩，以驱动车辆。
为了提供齿轮系中从一个齿轮向另一个的旋转的平滑传递，齿轮齿被设计为确保接合的齿轮的齿节圆无滑动地在彼此上滚动。啮合的齿轮的齿节圆的比限定了速度比和特定齿轮组的机械利益。齿轮系可利用周转或行星齿轮传动。具有行星齿轮传动的齿轮系能够以紧凑封装提供更高的齿轮减速(即输入和输出之间的比)以及机械利益。
发明内容
一种用于传递来自多个动力源的扭矩的齿轮系包括第一输入构件、第二和输入构件和第三输入构件。第一和第二输入构件配置为绕第一轴线旋转，第三输入构件配置为绕第二轴线旋转。该齿轮系还包括配置为绕第三轴线旋转的输出构件。该齿轮系另外包括操作地连接到第一输入构件的第一齿轮组，其中该第一齿轮组包括第一、第二和第三构件。该齿轮系还包括操作地连接到第二输入构件的第二齿轮组，其中该第二齿轮组包括第一、第二和第三构件。该齿轮系另外包括配置为绕第四轴线旋转的中间轴。而且，该齿轮系包括操作地连接到中间轴的第三齿轮组，其中该第三齿轮组包括第一、第二和第三构件。第三齿轮组的第一构件持续地连接到中间轴，且第三齿轮组的第二和第三构件相对于中间轴(即关于第四轴线)同轴地设置，且配置用于与彼此异步旋转。第三齿轮组的第一构件连接到第三输入构件，且第三齿轮组的第三构件连接到输出构件。
第一齿轮组的第一构件可以持续地连接到第一输入构件。
第二齿轮组的第一构件可操作地连接到第二输入构件。
第二齿轮组的第一构件可直接地连接到第一齿轮组的第二构件。第二齿轮组的第二构件可直接地连接到第一齿轮组的第三构件。第二齿轮组的第三构件可连接到第三齿轮组的第一构件。另外，第一齿轮组的第三构件可连接到第三齿轮组的第二构件。
第一齿轮组可以是行星式。另外，第一齿轮组的第一构件可以是恒星齿轮，第一齿轮组的第二构件可以是齿轮架构件，第一齿轮组的第三构件可以是环形齿轮。
类似于第一齿轮组，第二齿轮组可以是行星式。相应地，第二齿轮组的第一构件可以是恒星齿轮，第二齿轮组的第二构件可以是齿轮架构件，第二齿轮组的第三构件可以是环形齿轮。
第三齿轮组的第二和第三构件可固定到布置用于相对于中间轴旋转的外轴。而且，该外轴可相对于中间轴经由至少一个轴承支撑。
该齿轮系可被封闭在壳体内。在这种情况中，第一输入构件、第二输入构件、中间轴和输出构件中的每一个可以为相应的轴，所述轴相对于壳体经由至少一个深沟球轴承和至少一个滚柱轴承支撑。所述至少一个深槽轴承可既径向又轴向地相对于轴固定，且所述至少一个滚柱轴承可径向地固定，但轴向相对于轴是自由的。
所述齿轮系可进一步包括嵌入的卡环，其配置为相对于相应的轴保持所述至少一个深沟球轴承。
输出轴还可以经由至少一个滚柱轴承和至少一个推力轴承相对于壳体被支撑。
上述公开的齿轮系协同发动机、第一电动机/发电机和第二电动机/发电机一起，可以是用于启动和推进车辆的混合动力传动系的一部分。
当结合附图和附带的权利要求来看时，从下文中对实现所述发明的实施例(一个或多个)和最佳模式(一个或多个)的详细描述，本发明的上述特征和优势以及其他特征和优势将显而易见。
附图说明
图1是被用作用于车辆的混合动力传动系的一部分的齿轮系的示意性符号图；
图2是图1中所示的齿轮系的一个实施例的剖视图；
图3是图1中所示的齿轮系的另一实施例的剖视图；
图4是示出图1-3中所示的宽节点EVT的发动机每转一转车辆所行驶距离的对比的图表。
具体实施方式
参考附图，其中在若干幅视图中，相似的附图标记指代相似的部件，图1示出了混合动力传动系10，其配置为启动和推进车辆，即配置为在整个速度范围内，在低和高行驶速度之间操作车辆。混合动力传动系10包括多个动力源，所述动力源包括内燃发动机12、第一电动机/发电机14和第二电动机/发电机16，其全部连接到齿轮系18，该齿轮系18作为复合分配(compound-split)式“电动可变变速器”(EVT)操作。尽管所示的混合动力传动系10包括发动机12和电动机/发电机14、16，但是该动力传动系可包括仅一个电动机/发电机。
动力传动系10另外具有能量存储系统，其包括一个或多个电池，所述电池未具体示出，但被本领域技术人员所知。能量存储系统操作地连接到第一和第二电动机/发电机14、16，使得电动机/发电机可传递扭矩到发动机12或从发动机12接收扭矩。尽管未示出，但动力传动系10还包括控制器或电子控制单元(ECU)。控制器操作地连接到动力源和能量存储系统，以控制扭矩从动力源向齿轮系18的分配。
如图所示，齿轮系18操作地连接到发动机12、第一电动机/发电机14和第二电动机/发电机16中的每一个。发动机12和两个电动机/发电机14和16各自的扭矩向行星齿轮系的不同构件的传递允许动力源中的一个辅助或平衡另外两个动力源中的任一个的操作。因而，经由齿轮系18操作地连接的一个发动机12和两个电动机/发电机14和16的组合允许发动机和电动机/发电机的速度和扭矩被独立地控制和选择，以便更有效率地驱动所提及车辆。在采用或不采用发动机12的扭矩输入的情况下，齿轮系18(将在下文中更详细描述)的构造可允许来自第一和第二电动机/发电机14和16的组合的扭矩要求总体降低，同时提供特别要求的车辆性能。
齿轮系18包括连接到第一电动机/发电机14的第一输入构件20、连接到发动机12的第二输入构件22和连接到第二电动机/发电机16的第三输入构件24。输入构件20、22、24可配置为轴，其具有花键或其他适当的接合部，用于分别地与第一电动机/发电机14、发动机12和第二电动机/发电机16连接。第一和第二输入构件20、22配置为绕第一轴线26旋转，而第三输入构件24配置为绕第二轴线28旋转。该齿轮系18还包括输出构件30，其配置为绕第三轴线32旋转。输出构件30可配置为轴，其具有适当的接合部，用于与最终传动齿轮组33连接。
齿轮系18还包括操作地连接到第一输入构件20的第一齿轮组34和操作地连接到第二输入构件22的第二齿轮组36。第一和第二齿轮组34、36可以是行星式，每一个具有第一、第二和第三构件。相应地，如图所示，第一齿轮组34可包括显示为恒星齿轮34-1的第一构件、显示为具有多个小齿轮的行星齿轮架34-2的第二构件和显示为环形齿轮34-3的第三构件。如另外示出的，第二齿轮组36可包括显示为恒星齿轮36-1的第一构件、显示为行星齿轮架36-2的第二构件和显示为环形齿轮36-3的第三构件。第一齿轮组34与第二行星齿轮组36相互连接，其中第一齿轮组的两个构件操作地连接到第二齿轮组的两个构件。如图所示，恒星齿轮34-1可持续地连接到第一输入构件20，而恒星齿轮36-1可操作地连接到第二输入构件22。
该齿轮系18还包括中间轴或内轴38，其配置为绕第四轴线40旋转。第三齿轮组42相对于中间轴38且关于轴线40同轴设置，以进行旋转。第三齿轮组42包括第一构件42-1、第二构件42-2和第三构件42-3。第一构件42-1持续地连接到外轴44，且可由此被通过花键和/或销连接到外轴。第二构件42-2和第三构件42-3持续地连接到或固定到中间轴38。相应地，第二和第三构件42-2、42-3可每一个被通过花键和/或销连接到中间轴38。第二构件42-2和第三构件42-3通常配置为沿相同的方向相对于第一构件42-1绕第四轴线40旋转，但以不同的速率，即，第二和第三构件相对于第一构件42-1的旋转是异步的。相应地，第二构件42-2和第三构件42-3可通过任何适当的方法固定到彼此，比如通过焊接或紧固直接地固定到彼此，或通过每一个被压紧到中间轴38或销连接到中间轴38间接地固定到彼此。
第一构件42-1经由传动齿轮24-1直接连接到第三输入构件24。第三构件42-3经由最终传动齿轮组33直接连接到输出构件30。齿轮系18封闭在壳体46中(如图3所示)，所述壳体46保持润滑剂，支撑内部部件(即轴和上述齿轮组)并使污染物和外部元件远离齿轮系。而且，旋转的中间轴38和外轴44中的较慢的一个可经由轴承连接到壳体46，而两个轴的较快的一个可相对于较慢的轴单独地置于轴承上，没有到壳体的任何连接。这样的构造将趋于最小化摩擦损失，因为直接通过壳体46支撑的轴38或44的旋转速度可被保持到最小值。另外，较快的和较慢的轴之间的轴承速度的差别也将被最小化。
还如图1中所示，恒星齿轮36-1可直接并持续地连接到行星齿轮架34-2。行星齿轮架36-2可直接并持续地连接到环形齿轮34-3。环形齿轮36-3可与第一构件42-1啮合。另外，环形齿轮34-3可与第二构件42-2啮合。如图2中所示，第三齿轮组的第二构件42-2和第三构件42-3可每一个安装在内轴38上，而第一构件42-1安装在外轴44上。外轴44可然后相对于中间轴38经由轴承56支撑。每一个轴承56可配置为径向深沟球型，用于在通过齿轮系18传递来自动力源12、14和16的输入扭矩期间，支撑所述轴承可能遇到的轴向载荷。在深沟球轴承中，轴承内圈和外圈的尺寸接近在所提及轴承圈中运转的滚珠的尺寸，由此允许深沟轴承支撑轴向载荷分量。
如图3中所示，其中输出构件30配置为轴，该输出构件可以经由至少一个滚柱轴承50和至少一个推力轴承52相对于壳体46被支撑。替代地，输出构件30可经由多个深沟轴承(类似于轴承48)相对于壳体46支撑。所描述的滚柱轴承50和推力轴承52的组合和替代的多个深沟轴承中的每一个的优势在于，允许输出构件30支撑来在齿轮系18的操作期间既经受住径向力，又经受住轴向力。如图所示，输出构件30还可具有适当的接合部，用于与最终传动齿轮组33连接。
而且，第一输入构件20、第二输入构件22、中间轴38和输出构件30中的每一个可经由至少一个深沟球轴承(类似于轴承48，为相应的构件/轴提供径向和轴向支撑)和至少一个滚柱轴承50或一个或多个滚珠轴承56(为所提及构件/轴提供径向支撑，但允许轴向的运动自由度)相对于壳体46支撑。相应地，具有支撑轴向和径向载荷的轴承以及设计用于仅支撑大径向载荷的一个或多个轴承的上述系统允许在所提及轴承之间采用增大的轴向跨距。齿轮系18可包括嵌入的卡环58，以保持、即维持深沟球轴承的位置，所述深沟球轴承被用来支撑第一输入构件20、第二输入构件22、输出构件30、中间轴38和外轴44中的任何一个(图3中所示)。卡环58配置为轴向地保持深沟球轴承，即限制相对于相应的构件/轴或壳体46的轴向运动。通过被装入特定构造的结构，比如相应构件/轴、壳体46上或特定深沟球轴承的外圈上的周向通道或沟槽60，卡环58可被安装到齿轮系18内。
在其构件之间采用上述连接的情况下，齿轮系18可允许宽节点齿轮比范围，这通过图4中的曲线被图示，且将在下文中更详细地描述。如本文所采用的，概念“节点宽度”表示发动机12每转一转车辆所行驶的距离，并且相比于车辆中采用典型的单一模式复合分配EVT的另一布置，术语“宽节点”指代采用齿轮系18(其操作地连接发动机12、第一电动机/发电机14、第二电动机/发电机16)的车辆所行驶的距离。
图4显示了以曲线66绘制的作为用来驱动车辆的发动机扭矩的分数(fraction)的电功率路径大小(electrical power path magnitude)与发动机每转一转车辆所行驶的距离(按米)的图表64。电功率路径大小显示在图表64的Y轴上且通过附图标记68表示，而发动机每转一转车辆所行驶的距离显示在图表的X轴上，且由附图标记70表示。另外，图表64比较了齿轮系18的示例性实施例的节点宽度，所述节点宽度由字母A和B所标示的机械点或节点之间的距离72和由绘制在曲线66上的字母D和E所标示的点之间的距离74表示。在具体示例中，当电功率路径(来自第一和第二电动机/发电机14、16)为零时，通过齿轮系18，发动机12每转一转车辆所行驶的距离72超过大约0.8米。如图所示，对于相同的配置，当来自第一和第二电动机/发电机14、16的电功率大约等于通过字母C表示的发动机功率的分数时，发动机12每转一转车辆所行驶的距离72超过1.2米。相比之下，在典型的单模式复合分配EVT中，距离72为大约0.5米，同时还具有小于1.2米的距离74。因此，相比于典型代表性的单一模式的复合分配EVT的距离72，齿轮系18的更大的距离72表明，齿轮系18具有更宽节点的齿轮比范围。
因此，齿轮系18能够在输入构件20和输出构件30的扭矩传递之间提供至少3比1的齿轮比范围。而且，齿轮系18的最高的数值齿轮比可以为大约4比1(作为最高的数值齿轮比)，并且可以为大约0.7比1(作为最低的数值齿轮比)。因此，第一电动机/发电机14可具有不同尺寸，即比第二电动机/发电机16物理尺寸更小。相应地，第一电动机/发电机14可配置为产生比第二电动机/发电机16更小的扭矩。另外，第一和第二电动机/发电机14、16中的每一个可配置有实芯，且采用非稀土磁体，其更常见且比稀土类型普遍得多，且更廉价。
继续参考图1，混合动力传动系10还包括液压泵76。液压泵76配置为提供加压流体以润滑齿轮系18，以及发动机12和第一和第二电动机/发电机14、16。如图所示，泵76操作地连接到第二输入构件22。混合动力传动系10还包括减震器78。减震器78操作地连接到发动机12，且配置为在发动机产生的扭转振动经由第二输入构件22传递到齿轮系18之前吸收这种振动。
齿轮系18是成本效益高的单一模式复合分配电动机械传动单元，其体现了双模式系统的优点，提供用于从停止启动车辆的第一模式和用于在更高速度下推进所提及车辆的独立的第二模式，但避免了双模式系统的机械和控制复杂性。另外，齿轮系18采用持续啮合齿轮用于传递来自发动机12和电动机/发电机14、16的扭矩，而不依靠带或链传动。而且，因为齿轮系18偏离轴线布置，即发动机12和电动机/发电机14布置在第一旋转轴线26上，而电动机/发电机16布置在第二旋转轴线28上，因此该齿轮系18特别适用于前轮驱动的车辆应用，其中动力传动系10相对于所提及车辆的纵向轴线基本横向地定位。
详细描述和附图或视图支持和描述本发明，但是本发明的范围仅由权利要求限定。尽管已详细描述了用于执行要求保护的发明的最佳模式和其他实施例，存在各种替换涉及和实施例，用于实践限定在所附权利要求中的本发明。
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2012年10月2日提交的美国临时专利申请No.61/708,872的优先权，其全部内容通过引用被合并在此。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于传递来自多个动力源的扭矩的齿轮系，包括：
第一输入构件、第二输入构件和第三输入构件，其中所述第一和第二输入构件配置为绕第一轴线旋转，第三输入构件配置为绕第二轴线旋转；
输出构件，配置为绕第三轴线旋转；
第一齿轮组，操作地连接到第一输入构件，该第一齿轮组包括第一、第二和第三构件；
第二齿轮组，操作地连接到第二输入构件，该第二齿轮组包括第一、第二和第三构件；
中间轴，配置为绕第四轴线旋转；和
第三齿轮组，操作地连接到中间轴，该第三齿轮组包括第一、第二和第三构件；
其中：
第一齿轮组和第二齿轮组每一个是行星式的；
第三齿轮组的第一构件持续地连接到中间轴，第三齿轮组的第二和第三构件相对于中间轴同轴地设置，且配置为彼此异步旋转；
第三齿轮组的第一构件连接到第三输入构件；和
第三齿轮组的第三构件连接到输出构件。
2.如权利要求1所述的齿轮系，其中，第一齿轮组的第一构件持续地连接到第一输入构件。
3.如权利要求1所述的齿轮系，其中，第二齿轮组的第一构件操作地连接到第二输入构件。
4.如权利要求1所述的齿轮系，其中，
第二齿轮组的第一构件直接地连接到第一齿轮组的第二构件；
第二齿轮组的第二构件直接地连接到第一齿轮组的第三构件；
第二齿轮组的第三构件连接到第三齿轮组的第一构件；和
第一齿轮组的第三构件连接到第三齿轮组的第二构件。
5.如权利要求1所述的齿轮系，其中，
第一齿轮组的第一构件是恒星齿轮，第一齿轮组的第二构件是齿轮架构件，第一齿轮组的第三构件是环形齿轮；且
第二齿轮组的第一构件是恒星齿轮，第二齿轮组的第二构件是齿轮架构件，第二齿轮组的第三构件是环形齿轮。
6.如权利要求1所述的齿轮系，其中第三齿轮组的第二和第三构件固定到布置用于相对于中间轴旋转的外轴，且其中所述外轴经由至少一个轴承相对于中间轴被支撑。
7.如权利要求6所述的齿轮系，其中所述至少一个轴承是深沟球轴承。
8.如权利要求1所述的齿轮系，其中齿轮系被封闭在壳体内，第一输入构件、第二输入构件、中间轴和输出构件中的每一个是经由至少一个深沟球轴承和至少一个滚柱轴承相对于壳体被支撑的相应的轴。
9.如权利要求8所述的齿轮系，进一步包括嵌入的卡环，其配置为相对于相应的轴保持所述至少一个深沟球轴承。
10.如权利要求1所述的齿轮系，其中该齿轮系被封闭在壳体内，且输出构件是相对于壳体经由至少一个滚柱轴承和至少一个推力轴承支撑的轴。
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