CN105200854B - 一种用于改善印刷品质的硅藻土型施胶剂组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种用于改善印刷品质的硅藻土型施胶剂组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于改善印刷品质的硅藻土型组合物及其应用。所述组合物包含：淀粉；氯化钙；络合剂；白色系染料；硅藻土；膨润土；和云母。本发明还涉及一种制造印刷纸的方法，所述方法采用所述组合物对印刷纸进行表面施胶。本发明还涉及所述组合物在印刷纸制造中的应用。本发明所述的组合物采用硅藻土、膨润土和云母的组合来有效地抑制采用氯化钙-淀粉型施胶剂施胶制得的印刷纸的白度和亮度，同时改善了油墨转移率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及造纸领域。具体地说，本发明涉及造纸用施胶剂组合物及其在造纸中的应用。
背景技术
淀粉经常被用来作为印刷纸的施胶剂的主要组分，但是相对于包含其他主要组分的施胶剂而言，淀粉型施胶剂的油墨转移率相对不足。在印刷实际操作中，油墨的正常转移是决定印刷品呈色好坏的条件。影响油墨转移质量的主要因素被认为主要有水墨平衡、印刷速度、印刷压力、印刷色序等。因此关于油墨转移率的研究主要集中于这几个方面。
另外，为改善印刷纸的印刷特性例如油墨密度和干燥时间，很多造纸厂家都在造纸施胶剂中添加阳离子金属。其中，氯化钙常常用于改善印刷密度和干燥时间。但是，已经发现氯化钙会降低纸张的亮度和白度，例如氯化钙会使芪基光学白色系染料淬灭，从而降低纸张的亮度和白度。特别是氯化钙会影响施胶剂的pH，从而导致施胶剂中的淀粉的使用，这是因为过高的pH会使淀粉变黄，过低的pH会使淀粉析出。一旦氯化钙影响了pH，就会影响到淀粉在施胶剂中的淀粉的使用，最终影响到印刷纸的亮度和白度。
然而，本发明人发现，通过改善印刷纸的表面尤其是用于对印刷原纸进行施胶的施胶剂的组成，尤其是氯化钙-淀粉型施胶剂的组成，具体地说是在该施胶剂中添加硅藻土和其他组分如膨润土和/或膨润土等组分，能够显著地改善印刷纸的白度和量度以及油墨转移率。
于是，本发明提供了一种用于改善印刷品质尤其是在保持白度和亮度的情况下提高油墨转移率的硅藻土型施胶剂组合物及其应用。
发明内容
在为解决氯化钙-淀粉型施胶剂在造纸施胶剂存在的一个或者多个上述问题而进行的试验中，本发明人惊讶地发现在氯化钙-淀粉型施胶剂中添加硅藻土等成分能够解决氯化钙-淀粉型施胶剂所存在的上述问题，从而再改善印刷纸的光学特性如白度和亮度的同时改善油墨转移率。
本发明在第一方面提供了一种基于硅藻土的表面施胶剂组合物，所述组合物包含：淀粉；氯化钙；络合剂；白色系染料；硅藻土；膨润土和云母。
本发明在第二方面提供了一种制造印刷纸的方法，其中，所述方法采用本发明第一方面所述的组合物对印刷纸进行表面施胶。
本发明在第三方面提供了本发明第一方面所述的组合物在印刷纸制造中的应用。
具体实施方式
本发明在第一方面提供了一种基于硅藻土的表面施胶剂组合物，所述组合物包含或者由如下组分组成：淀粉；氯化钙；络合剂；白色系染料；硅藻土；膨润土；和云母。
本发明对所述淀粉的类型没有特别限制。所述淀粉可以是非改性淀粉也可以是改性淀粉。但是优选的是改性淀粉；进一步优选的是，所述改性淀粉选自由氧化改性淀粉、阳离子改性淀粉、乙基化改性淀粉、氢乙氧基化改性淀粉组成的组。另外优选的是，所述淀粉为天然来源淀粉；更优选的是，所述天然来源淀粉选自由玉米淀粉、木薯淀粉和马铃薯淀粉组成的组。最优选的是马铃薯淀粉。所述淀粉可以通过已知技术制备制得，也可以从通过商购获得，例如可以从甘肃超兴淀粉制品有限公司或者黑龙江港进食品科技开发有限公司商购获得。
本发明对所述络合剂没有特别的限制，只要该络合剂能够对钙离子具有亲和力即可。在一些有选的实施方式中，所述络合剂为纤维素；更优选的是，所述络合剂选自由羟甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维和羟丙基纤维素组成的组；最优选的是，所述络合剂为羟丙基纤维素。
本发明对所述白色系染料没有特别的限定，例如所述白色系染料选自由呋喃型白色系染料、香豆素型白色系染料、联苯型白色系染料和吡唑型白色系染料组成的组。白色系染料可以例如从东莞市科峰纺织助剂实业有限公司等来源商购获得。
本发明在所述组合物中使用了硅藻土。硅藻土是一种生物成因的硅质沉积岩，是海洋或湖泊中生长的硅藻类的残骸在水底沉积，经自然环境作用而逐渐形成的一种非金属矿物。硅藻土主要分布在中国、美国、丹麦、法国、罗马尼亚等国。是一种生物成因的硅质沉积岩，它主要由古代硅藻的遗骸所组成。我国硅藻土储量3.2亿吨，远景储量达20多亿吨，主要集中在华东及东北地区，其中规模较大，储量较多的有吉林(54.8％)、浙江、云南、山东、四川等省。
硅藻土具有如下优点。(1)PH值中性、无毒，悬浮性能好，吸附性能强，容重轻，混合均匀性好；(2)硅藻土在水泥中作添加剂，可提高强度，使水泥中SiO2变活性；(3)硅藻土具有优良的延伸性，有较高的冲击强度、拉伸强度、撕裂强度、质轻软耐磨性好、抗压强度好等方面优质作用。
本发明人通过实验发现，硅藻土和膨润土的组合能够降低氯化钙对施胶剂的pH的影响，抑制施胶剂中的淀粉颜色变黄，从而提高印刷纸的白度和亮度。如果再添加适量云母，还能够改善油墨转移率。不希望受到任何理论的限制，本发明人推测硅藻土或者硅藻土与膨润土的组合以及硅藻土、膨润土和云母的组合能够束缚某些离子，例如H+离子或者OH离子或者释放某些反粒子，从而能够起到稳定pH的作用；另外，硅藻土或者硅藻土、膨润土与云母的组合可能改善印刷纸表面的对油墨的亲和性，从而改善了油墨转移率。另外，硅藻土或者硅藻土、膨润土和云母的组合可能和施胶剂的其他成分例如氯化钙、络合剂、白色系染料或者淀粉相互作用，从而带来上述有利的效果。
本发明所述的白度以CIE白度表示，其测量方法是已知的，例如参见美国专利6,893,473。本发明所述的亮度以ISO亮度表示，其测量方式是已知的，例如参见美国专利6,893,473。这些专利文献通过引用的方式完整并入本文。油墨转移率以IT％表示，其是辊压后所转移的光密度的量；它表述为用辊压后转移到该印刷纸未印刷部分的光密度的百分数。测量油墨转移率的方法包括在纸上印刷实心着色块，等待规定量的时间(5秒钟)之后，对折印刷纸，从而使印刷的部分与未印刷部分接触，并且用4.5磅手辊(例如来自ChemInstruments，Inc.，Mentor，OH，USA的货号HR-100的辊)辊压。通过反射密度计(X-Rite，Macbeth.Etc.)对着色块的转移(ODT)、非转移(ODO)部分和未成像区域(ODB)读取光密度。转移的百分数(“IT”％)通过如下公式计算：IT％＝[(ODT–ODB)/(ODO–ODB)]×100。
在本发明中，硅藻土、膨润土和云母的粒径不宜过大，否则所带来的上述有利效果可能会减弱。所述硅藻土和膨润土的粒径最好不超过100微米，优选的是不超过50微米。在一些优选的实施方式中，它们的粒径优选为10至20微米；例如为10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19或20微米。
在一些优选的实施方式中，本发明的所述组合物包含100重量份的淀粉；20至30重量份的氯化钙(例如为20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29或30重量份的氯化钙)；2至4重量份的络合剂(例如2、3或4重量份的络合剂)；20至30重量份的白色系染料(例如20、21、22、23、24、25、26、27、28、29或30重量份的白色系染料)；5至15重量份的硅藻土(例如5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13、14或15重量份的硅藻土；1至3重量份的膨润土(例如1、2或3重量份的膨润土)；和4至8重量份的云母(例如4、5、6、7或8重量份的云母)。
本发明在第二方面提供了一种制造印刷纸的方法，其中，所述方法采用本发明第一方面所述的组合物对印刷纸进行表面施胶。
在一个优选的实施方式中，施加到印刷纸上的所述施胶剂的量至少为0.25gsm，优选0.25至10gsm，更优选3.5至10gsm，最优选4.0至10gsm，包括其中的任意子范围。
在一个实施方式中，所述施胶剂组合物作为用水制得含有10至50％。例如为10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19、20、21、22、23、24、25、30、35、40、45及50重量％的固形物的浆料使用。
本发明的在第三方面提供了本发明第一方面所述的组合物在印刷纸制造中的应用。
下文将通过实施例对本发明的进行进一步说明，但是这些实施例不应被解释为对本发明的保护范围的限制。
实施例
按照表1所述的配方制备施胶剂组合物(淀粉为马铃薯淀粉，并且均为100重量份)，并且将施胶剂组合物用蒸馏水制备成固形物含量为20的浆料，然后使用从太仓永益机械设备有限公司购得X99型施胶机以4.0gsm的量双面施胶于从南宁朗柏斯特纸业有限公司商购获得的克重为14g的印刷原纸。并测定施胶后印刷纸的CIE白度和ISO亮度和油墨转移率，每个实验重复5次，并计算平均值。实施例中的白色系染料为5-呋喃基-1,3-二苯基吡唑啉，络合剂为羟丙基纤维素，硅藻土、膨润土和云母的粒径均为不大于20微米。
表1含有硅藻土和膨润土的各种施胶剂组合物的配方及其对白度和亮度的影响
| 实施例 | 氯化钙 | 络合剂 | 白色系染料 | 硅藻土 | 膨润土 | CIE白度 | ISO亮度 |
| 1 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 0 | 2 | 86.2 | 145.1 |
| 2 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 2 | 2 | 87.3 | 147.6 |
| 3 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 5 | 2 | 91.2 | 151.4 |
| 4 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 2 | 92.8 | 152.3 |
| 5 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 15 | 2 | 93.4 | 153.6 |
| 6 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 20 | 2 | 93.1 | 153.7 |
| 7 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 0 | 89.8 | 148.7 |
| 8 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 0.5 | 90.1 | 148.9 |
| 9 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 1.0 | 92.1 | 151.2 |
| 10 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 3 | 93.0 | 152.4 |
| 11 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 5 | 93.1 | 152.6 |
| 12 | 0 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 2 | 94.1 | 152.3 |
| 13 | 20 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 2 | 93.3 | 152.7 |
| 14 | 30 | 0 | 30 | 10 | 2 | 91.4 | 152.4 |
| 15 | 30 | 2 | 30 | 10 | 2 | 92.4 | 152.1 |
| 16 | 30 | 4 | 0 | 10 | 2 | 76.4 | 118.0 |
| 17 | 30 | 4 | 20 | 10 | 2 | 92.5 | 152.4 |
| 18 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 0 | 0 | 86.0 | 144.8 |
从表1的结果可以看出，硅藻土尤其是硅藻土和膨润土的组合抑制了氯化钙对白度和亮度的影响。
表2含有硅藻土、膨润土和云母的各种施胶剂组合物的配方及其对油墨转移率的影响
| 实施例 | 氯化钙 | 络合剂 | 白色系染料 | 硅藻土 | 膨润土 | 云母 | CIE白度 | ISO亮度 | IT％ |
| 19 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 92.8 | 152.3 | 25.3 |
| 20 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 92.9 | 152.1 | 20.4 |
| 21 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 2 | 4 | 92.4 | 151.9 | 18.6 |
| 22 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 92.1 | 151.7 | 17.6 |
| 23 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 2 | 8 | 91.0 | 150.4 | 17.1 |
| 24 | 30 | 4 | 30 | 10 | 2 | 10 | 88.7 | 未检测 | 16.9 |
从表2的结果可以看出，加入适量云母之后，可以在保持90以上的CIE白度和和150以上的ISO亮度的情况下改善了印刷纸的油墨转移率。
Claims (11)
1.一种用于改善印刷品质的硅藻土型组合物，所述组合物包含：
100重量份的淀粉；20至30重量份的氯化钙；2至4重量份的络合剂；20至30重量份的白色系染料；5至15重量份的硅藻土；1至3重量份的膨润土；和4至8重量份的云母；其中，
所述硅藻土的粒径为10微米至20微米，所述膨润土和所述云母的粒径为10微米至20微米。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述淀粉为改性淀粉。
3.根据权利要求2所述的组合物，其中所述改性淀粉选自由氧化改性淀粉、阳离子改性淀粉、乙基化改性淀粉、氢乙氧基化改性淀粉组成的组。
4.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述淀粉为天然来源淀粉。
5.根据权利要求4所述的组合物，其中所述天然来源淀粉选自由玉米淀粉、木薯淀粉和马铃薯淀粉组成的组。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的组合物，其中所述络合剂为纤维素。
7.根据权利要求6所述的组合物，其中所述络合剂选自由羟甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维和羟丙基纤维素组成的组。
8.根据权利要求6所述的组合物，其中所述络合剂为羟丙基纤维素。
9.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述白色系染料选自由呋喃型白色系染料、香豆素型白色系染料、联苯型白色系染料和吡唑型白色系染料组成的组。
10.一种制造印刷纸的方法，其中，所述方法采用权利要求1至9中任一项所述的组合物对印刷纸进行表面施胶。
11.权利要求1至9中任一项所述的组合物在印刷纸制造中的应用。
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