CN105191641A - Cultivation method of interplanting pepper among snake gourds after water fennel cropping - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural production and relates to a cultivation method of interplanting pepper among snake gourds after water fennel cropping. According to the cultivation method, pepper is interplanted among snake gourds after water fennel cropping. The cultivation method comprises cropping arrangement, variety selection, snake gourd cultivation and pepper cultivation. The cultivation method has the advantages that the cropping layout is relatively scientific, cultivation advantages of water fennel production base facility are given full play, and a facility-based water fennel cropping planting structure is optimized; in summer, a water fennel planting shed frame is utilized for planting the snake gourds, and the pepper is interplanted in the shed, so that the cropping index is improved, yield increase and efficiency increase are realized, the vegetable market in summer is enriched, and the water fennel successive cropping obstacle is alleviated.

Description

The cultivation method of serpent melon interplanting capsicum after a kind of Chinese celery stubble

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of agricultural production technologies, after being specifically related to a kind of Chinese celery stubble, the cultivation method of capsicum interplanted by serpent melon.

Background technology

In recent years, along with facility Chinese celery cultivation development, rational deployment, alleviate continuous cropping obstacle, improve pergola facility availability, meet summer vegetable supply, be the key realizing the sustainable development of Chinese celery industry, increase production and improve productivity.

Serpent melon is the warm crop of happiness, and heat hardiness is strong, and output is high, and product are of fine quality, is nuisanceless Specialty vegetable in typical summer.

The crops for rotation how Appropriate application Chinese celery is planted, improve planting benefit, are the problems that people need to solve always.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is for solving the problem, and after a kind of Chinese celery stubble proposed, the cultivation method of capsicum interplanted by serpent melon.

Main technical schemes of the present invention: the cultivation method of serpent melon interplanting capsicum after Chinese celery stubble, it is characterized in that serpent melon interplanting capsicum after Chinese celery stubble, cultivation method comprises: crops for rotation arrangement, Fruit variety, serpent melon cultivation and pepper cultivation;

Described crops for rotation arrangement: serpent melon: late Febuary point disk seedling growing, transplant mid-April under greenhouse frame, early June gathers, end of gathering mid-September; Capsicum: in late December greenhouse facility nursery, field planting mid-April is in serpent melon frame, and mid-May gathers, end of gathering September 10;

Described Fruit variety: serpent melon selects ripe property early, and product are of fine quality, strong stress resistance kind; Capsicum selects precocious, disease-resistant, strong stress resistance, the kind that product are of fine quality;

Affiliated serpent melon cultivation comprises:

Seeding and seedling raising: late Febuary utilizes greenhouse facility, adopt 50 hole dish Light media nursery, matrix selects 100kg cow dung to add 3kg45% composite fertilizer and 2kg organic commercial fertilizer mixture forms, seed treatment is carried out before sowing, soak seed 30 minutes with 1% potassium permanganate, after repeatedly rinsing, put into 55 DEG C of water seed soaking 16 minutes, then in 20 DEG C of water, soak vernalization after 3 hours, be seeded in the dish of cave after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, 1, every cave, cover the thick 0.8cm of matrix, every mu of seeding quantity 200g, after planting be incubated, daytime temperature 26 ~ 30 DEG C, night temperature 16 ~ 18 DEG C, aeration-cooling before emerging, grasp seedling age 45 days,

Field planting: before field planting, in conjunction with interplanting the using of capsicum base manure, uses sufficient base manure, and namely after Chinese celery results, clear stubble ploughs vegetable plot in time, and every mu disposable executes Chicken dung 1500kg, 45%NPK composite fertilizer 30kg.The wide little high furrow of 40cm are made, covering with plastic film on nearly frame both sides; During field planting, select the field planting in strong sprout of serpent melon seedling age 45 days, 3 ~ 4 leaves, plant 2 row in every canopy, every one side plants 1 row along frame, and cave is apart from 80cm; After field planting, water normal root water in time, and seal cave mouth mulch film with earth;

Field management: tie up climing and Plant adjustment: serpent melon timely inserted link in seedling stage is tied up climing, it is made to climb up greenhouse frame, between frame, bamboo pole tied up by stay cord, climing in order to drawing, extract lateral bine when 1.5m height, based on main climing knot melon, enter serpent melon full bearing period in July, timely excision base portion Lao Ye and too much male flower, tendril, be beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, reduces plant nutrition consumption; Rich water quality management: stretch the climing initial stage at serpent melon, the every mu of urea 5kg that spreads manuer in holes; Bloom after bearing fruit, the every mu of 45%NPK composite fertilizer 10kg that spreads manuer in holes; After starting to gather, topdressed every 15 days 1 time, topdress every mu the 45%NPK composite fertilizer 5kg that spreads manuer in holes, and the phase of yielding positive results strengthens water management, and 7 ~ August meets dry weather, within every 10 days, waters 1 time;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: spray 2% pesticide corrosion 120 aqua, 200 times of liquid in mid or late July and prevent and treat powdery mildew, the clear missible oil of A Wei worm mid-August 0.2% 1500 times control Americal rice leaf miner;

Gather: serpent melon is for food with tender fruit, in June and September, pollinate and gather for latter 12 days; In 7 ~ August, pollinate and gather for latter 8 days; Gather and carry out in the morning, gather whiting micro-with sugar-preserved gourd time be advisable;

Described pepper cultivation comprises:

Seeding and seedling raising: in late December, adopt the dish greenhouse facility nursery of Light media 72 hole, matrix selects 100kg cow dung to add 3kg45% composite fertilizer and 2kg organic commercial fertilizer mixture forms, seed is after hoting water treatment of seeds, vernalization under 25 ~ 30 DEG C of conditions, cave dish is planted in after 70% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, 1 ~ 2, every cave, cover about 1cm matrix, every mu of seeding quantity 30g, seedling stage is incubated, control is wet, the temperature of pepper seedling growth is 25 ~ 30 DEG C, when stromal surface is turned white, fine day is selected to supply moisture in time noon, first 7 days of field planting, daytime suitably ventilates, strengthen hardening, transplant and within first 3 days, spray 75% tpn 800 times of liquid, control pathogen transmission,

Field planting: determine that base fertilizer before planting is disposable with serpent melon to be applied, namely executes Chicken dung 1500kg, 45%NPK composite fertilizer 30kg for every mu; After serpent melon field planting, in frame, furrow are done in broken upturned soil, the wide 1.2m of furrow, furrow height 10cm, furrow width 40cm, covering with plastic film; Field planting seeding row spacing is 40cm × 50cm, about plants 3300 strains for every mu; Water a foot water alive after field planting in time, and seal cave mouth mulch film with earth.

Field management: rich water quality management: after the 1st flowers and fruits are beared fruit, every mu of combination is watered 45%NPK composite fertilizer 15kg, the urea 8kg of spreading manuer in holes; Result contains the phase according to plant growing way, the every mu of 45%NPK composite fertilizer 10kg that spreads manuer in holes, and 7 ~ August meets dry weather, moisturizing 1 time in every 7 days; Plant adjustment: enter Sheng after date gathering, extract Lao Ye, weak branch and water sprout in time;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: prevent and treat virus disease with 20% viral A500-800 times liquid, 10% Imidacloprid 2000 ~ 3000 times liquid is anti-to eliminate aphis;

Gather: when capsicum is dark green at fruit, matter has light firmly, gather in time, the 1st flowers and fruits capsicum and the 2nd batch of flowers and fruits capsicum are gathered in time.

Preferably, serpent melon with white dragons and snakes melon kind as well in the present invention; Capsicum with the large fruit 99 in good fortune Hunan as well.

The present invention explores the crop succession of science more, give full play to Chinese celery base installation cultivation advantage, pattern of farming after optimization facility Chinese celery stubble, Chinese celery frame is utilized to plant serpent melon in summer, interplanting capsicum in canopy, both improve cropping index, realized increasing production and improying productivity, and enriched again summer vegetable market, alleviate Chinese celery continuous cropping obstacle.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the inventive method is described in detail.

Embodiment

1 crops for rotation arrangement

Serpent melon: late Febuary point disk seedling growing, transplant mid-April under greenhouse frame, early June gathers, end of gathering mid-September.

Capsicum: in late December greenhouse facility nursery, field planting mid-April is in serpent melon frame, and mid-May gathers, end of gathering September 10.

2 Fruit variety

Serpent melon should select ripe property early, and product are of fine quality, the kind of strong stress resistance, with white dragons and snakes melon kind as well.

Capsicum selects precocious, disease-resistant, strong stress resistance, the kind that product are of fine quality, with the large fruit 99 in good fortune Hunan as well.

3 serpent melon Cultural technique

3.1 seeding and seedling raising

Late Febuary utilizes greenhouse facility, adopts 50 hole dish Light media nursery.Matrix selects 100kg cow dung to add 3kg45% composite fertilizer and 2kg organic commercial fertilizer mixture forms.Carry out seed treatment before sowing, soak seed 30 minutes with 1% potassium permanganate, after repeatedly rinsing, put into 55 DEG C of water seed soaking 16 minutes, then in 20 DEG C of water, soak vernalization after 3 hours.Be seeded in the dish of cave after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, 1, every cave, covers the thick 0.8cm of matrix.Every mu of seeding quantity 200g.After planting note insulation, daytime temperature 26 ~ 30 DEG C, night, temperature 16 ~ 18 DEG C, suitably aeration-cooling before emerging.Grasp seedling age to be advisable for 45 days.

3.2 field planting

(1), before field planting, in conjunction with using of interplanting capsicum base manure, use sufficient base manure.Namely after Chinese celery results, in time clear stubble ploughs vegetable plot, and every mu disposable executes Chicken dung 1500kg, 45% composite fertilizer (NPK) 30kg.The wide little high furrow of 40cm are made, covering with plastic film on nearly frame both sides.

(2), during field planting, select the field planting in strong sprout of serpent melon seedling age 45 days, 3 ~ 4 leaves.Plant 2 row in every canopy, every one side plants 1 row along frame, and cave is apart from 80cm.After field planting, water normal root water in time, and seal cave mouth mulch film with earth.

3.3 field management

(1) tie up climing and Plant adjustment: serpent melon wants timely inserted link to tie up climing seedling stage, makes it climb up greenhouse frame.Between frame, bamboo pole tied up by stay cord, climing in order to drawing.Lateral bine is extractd, based on main climing knot melon when 1.5m height.Enter serpent melon full bearing period in July, extract base portion Lao Ye and too much male flower, tendril in time, be beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, reduce plant nutrition consumption.

(2) rich water quality management: stretch the climing initial stage at serpent melon, the every mu of urea 5kg that spreads manuer in holes; Bloom after bearing fruit, every mu of 45% composite fertilizer (NPK) 10kg that spreads manuer in holes; After starting to gather, topdressed every 15 days 1 time, topdress every mu 45% composite fertilizer (NPK) 5kg that spreads manuer in holes.The phase of yielding positive results will strengthen water management, and 7 ~ August meets dry weather, generally within every 10 days, waters 1 time.

3.4 the extermination of disease and insect pest

The damage by disease and insect of serpent melon is less, mainly based on powdery mildew and Americal rice leaf miner.For guaranteeing serpent melon yield and quality, generally spraying 2% pesticide corrosion 120 aqua, 200 times of liquid in mid or late July and preventing and treating powdery mildew, the clear missible oil of A Wei worm mid-August 0.2% 1500 times control Americal rice leaf miner.

3.5 gather

Serpent melon is for food with tender fruit, in June and September, pollinates and gathers for latter 12 days; In 7 ~ August, pollinate and gather for latter 8 days; Gather and should carry out in the morning, gather whiting micro-with sugar-preserved gourd time be advisable.

4 pepper cultivation main points

4.1 seeding and seedling raising

In late December, adopt the dish greenhouse facility nursery of Light media 72 hole.Matrix selects 100kg cow dung to add 3kg45% composite fertilizer and 2kg organic commercial fertilizer mixture forms.

Seed is after hoting water treatment of seeds, and vernalization under 25 ~ 30 DEG C of conditions, after 70% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, be planted in cave dish, 1 ~ 2, every cave, covers about 1cm matrix.Every mu of seeding quantity 30g.Seedling management is wet based on insulation, control; The preference temperature of pepper seedling growth is 25 ~ 30 DEG C; When stromal surface is turned white, fine day is selected to supply moisture in time noon.

First 7 days of field planting, daytime suitably ventilates, and strengthens hardening.Transplant and within first 3 days, spray 75% tpn 800 times of liquid, control pathogen transmission.

4.2 field planting

(1) determine that base fertilizer before planting is disposable with serpent melon to be applied, namely execute Chicken dung 1500kg, 45% composite fertilizer (NPK) 30kg for every mu.

(2) after serpent melon field planting, in frame, furrow are done in broken upturned soil, the wide 1.2m of furrow, furrow height 10cm(and the low 5cm of serpent melon furrow), furrow width 40cm, covering with plastic film.Field planting seeding row spacing is 40cm × 50cm, about plants 3300 strains for every mu.Water a foot water alive after field planting in time, and seal cave mouth mulch film with earth.

4.3 field management

(1) rich water quality management: after the 1st flowers and fruits are beared fruit, every mu of combination is watered 45% composite fertilizer (NPK) 15kg, the urea 8kg of spreading manuer in holes; Result contains the phase according to plant growing way, every mu of 45% composite fertilizer (NPK) 10kg that spreads manuer in holes.7 ~ August meets dry weather, generally moisturizing in every 7 days 1 time.

(2) Plant adjustment: enter Sheng after date gathering, extract Lao Ye, weak branch and water sprout in time.

4.4 the extermination of disease and insect pest

Main diseases and insect pests has virus disease and aphid.Available 20% viral A500-800 times liquid prevents and treats virus disease, and 10% Imidacloprid 2000 ~ 3000 times liquid is anti-to eliminate aphis.

4.5 gather

Capsicum should, matter dark green at fruit when firmly having light, gathers in time.1st flowers and fruits capsicum and the 2nd batch of flowers and fruits capsicum will be gathered in time, bear fruit in order to avoid affect plant and reduce output.

The present embodiment utilizes facility Chinese celery frame plantation in spring serpent melon, interplants capsicum, both improves cropping index, realize increasing production and improying productivity, meet again summer vegetable supply, alleviate Chinese celery continuous cropping obstacle under serpent melon.Serpent melon per mu yield 3000kg then, capsicum per mu yield reaches 3200kg, realizes per mu yield value and reaches 1.8 ten thousand yuan, and economic and social benefit is remarkable, is adapted at the large scale application of facility Chinese celery growing area.

Claims (2)

1. after Chinese celery stubble, the cultivation method of capsicum interplanted by serpent melon, and it is characterized in that serpent melon interplanting capsicum after Chinese celery stubble, cultivation method comprises: crops for rotation arrangement, Fruit variety, serpent melon cultivation and pepper cultivation;

Described crops for rotation arrangement: serpent melon: late Febuary point disk seedling growing, transplant mid-April under greenhouse frame, early June gathers, end of gathering mid-September; Capsicum: in late December greenhouse facility nursery, field planting mid-April is in serpent melon frame, and mid-May gathers, end of gathering September 10;

Described Fruit variety: serpent melon selects ripe property early, and product are of fine quality, strong stress resistance kind; Capsicum selects precocious, disease-resistant, strong stress resistance, the kind that product are of fine quality;

Affiliated serpent melon cultivation comprises:

Seeding and seedling raising: late Febuary utilizes greenhouse facility, adopt 50 hole dish Light media nursery, matrix selects 100kg cow dung to add 3kg45% composite fertilizer and 2kg organic commercial fertilizer mixture forms, seed treatment is carried out before sowing, soak seed 30 minutes with 1% potassium permanganate, after repeatedly rinsing, put into 55 DEG C of water seed soaking 16 minutes, then in 20 DEG C of water, soak vernalization after 3 hours, be seeded in the dish of cave after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, 1, every cave, cover the thick 0.8cm of matrix, every mu of seeding quantity 200g, after planting be incubated, daytime temperature 26 ~ 30 DEG C, night temperature 16 ~ 18 DEG C, aeration-cooling before emerging, grasp seedling age 45 days,

Field planting: before field planting, in conjunction with using of interplanting capsicum base manure, uses sufficient base manure, namely after Chinese celery results, in time clear stubble ploughs vegetable plot, and every mu disposable executes Chicken dung 1500kg, 45%NPK composite fertilizer 30kg, the wide little high furrow of 40cm are made, covering with plastic film on nearly frame both sides; During field planting, select the field planting in strong sprout of serpent melon seedling age 45 days, 3 ~ 4 leaves, plant 2 row in every canopy, every one side plants 1 row along frame, and cave is apart from 80cm; After field planting, water normal root water in time, and seal cave mouth mulch film with earth;

Field management: tie up climing and Plant adjustment: serpent melon timely inserted link in seedling stage is tied up climing, it is made to climb up greenhouse frame, between frame, bamboo pole tied up by stay cord, climing in order to drawing, extract lateral bine when 1.5m height, based on main climing knot melon, enter serpent melon full bearing period in July, timely excision base portion Lao Ye and too much male flower, tendril, be beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light, reduces plant nutrition consumption; Rich water quality management: stretch the climing initial stage at serpent melon, the every mu of urea 5kg that spreads manuer in holes; Bloom after bearing fruit, the every mu of 45%NPK composite fertilizer 10kg that spreads manuer in holes; After starting to gather, topdressed every 15 days 1 time, topdress every mu the 45%NPK composite fertilizer 5kg that spreads manuer in holes, and the phase of yielding positive results strengthens water management, and 7 ~ August meets dry weather, within every 10 days, waters 1 time;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: spray 2% pesticide corrosion 120 aqua, 200 times of liquid in mid or late July and prevent and treat powdery mildew, the clear missible oil of A Wei worm mid-August 0.2% 1500 times control Americal rice leaf miner;

Gather: serpent melon is for food with tender fruit, in June and September, pollinate and gather for latter 12 days; In 7 ~ August, pollinate and gather for latter 8 days; Gather and carry out in the morning, gather whiting micro-with sugar-preserved gourd time be advisable;

Described pepper cultivation comprises:

Seeding and seedling raising: in late December, adopt the dish greenhouse facility nursery of Light media 72 hole, matrix selects 100kg cow dung to add 3kg45% composite fertilizer and 2kg organic commercial fertilizer mixture forms, seed is after hoting water treatment of seeds, vernalization under 25 ~ 30 DEG C of conditions, cave dish is planted in after 70% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, 1 ~ 2, every cave, cover about 1cm matrix, every mu of seeding quantity 30g, seedling stage is incubated, control is wet, the temperature of pepper seedling growth is 25 ~ 30 DEG C, when stromal surface is turned white, fine day is selected to supply moisture in time noon, first 7 days of field planting, daytime suitably ventilates, strengthen hardening, transplant and within first 3 days, spray 75% tpn 800 times of liquid, control pathogen transmission,

Field planting: determine that base fertilizer before planting is disposable with serpent melon to be applied, namely executes Chicken dung 1500kg, 45%NPK composite fertilizer 30kg for every mu; After serpent melon field planting, in frame, furrow are done in broken upturned soil, the wide 1.2m of furrow, furrow height 10cm, furrow width 40cm, covering with plastic film; Field planting seeding row spacing is 40cm × 50cm, about plants 3300 strains for every mu; Water a foot water alive after field planting in time, and seal cave mouth mulch film with earth;

Field management: rich water quality management: after the 1st flowers and fruits are beared fruit, every mu of combination is watered 45%NPK composite fertilizer 15kg, the urea 8kg of spreading manuer in holes; Result contains the phase according to plant growing way, the every mu of 45%NPK composite fertilizer 10kg that spreads manuer in holes, and 7 ~ August meets dry weather, moisturizing 1 time in every 7 days; Plant adjustment: enter Sheng after date gathering, extract Lao Ye, weak branch and water sprout in time;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: prevent and treat virus disease with 20% viral A500-800 times liquid, 10% Imidacloprid 2000 ~ 3000 times liquid is anti-to eliminate aphis;

Gather: when capsicum is dark green at fruit, matter has light firmly, gather in time, the 1st flowers and fruits capsicum and the 2nd batch of flowers and fruits capsicum are gathered in time.

2. cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that serpent melon selects white dragons and snakes melon kind; Capsicum selects the large fruit 99 in good fortune Hunan.