CN105123627A - Aquatic product cultivation high-quality bait biology water earthworm high efficiency cultivating method - Google Patents
Aquatic product cultivation high-quality bait biology water earthworm high efficiency cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105123627A CN105123627A CN201510476418.4A CN201510476418A CN105123627A CN 105123627 A CN105123627 A CN 105123627A CN 201510476418 A CN201510476418 A CN 201510476418A CN 105123627 A CN105123627 A CN 105123627A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
Abstract
The invention relates to an aquatic product cultivation high-quality bait biology water earthworm high efficiency cultivating method, and belongs to the aquatic product cultivation high-quality fresh bait cultivation technical field; the method uses earthworm pool construction, culture medium application, inoculation, additional fertilizer, pool raking, water body management, harvesting and separation to complete whole cultivation process; the earthworm pool is in a long strip shape, the length is 5-30 m, the width is 1-1.2m, and the depth is 0.2-0.25m; the earthworm pool has a gradient of 0.5-1%, and the higher end is provided with a waterways and water outlets. Under a natural condition of 25-28 DEG C water temperature, the water earthworm can be massively produced after 30days; the water earthworm high efficiency breeding technology can fully use waste material in agriculture production to massively produce high quality fresh water earthworm under natural conditions, and the water earthworms can serve as a culture product biology bait.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high-efficiency breeding method of high-quality food organisms water earthworm in a kind of aquaculture, belong in aquaculture the cultural technique field of cultivating high-quality fresh living bait.
Background technology
Water earthworm is commonly called as red line worm, red filaria, belong to the aquatic oligochaetes of Annelida, body colour is scarlet, for worldwide kind, live in the bed muds such as humus is many, the ditch of miniflow water, pond, lake or sewage, with organic earth of corruption, detritus, the raw algae in the end, thread algae, microcrustacean and protozoa etc.Water body pH is 5-9; All can breed throughout the year, 25-30 DEG C is suitable water temperature.Due to water earthworm, to have crude protein content high, and nutrient component comprehensively and supply is more stable etc. that feature is widely used in the seed rearing of high-grade economic freshwater aquatic products in recent years as desirable biological feed.As the early stage bait of opening prelarva, the palatability of water earthworm is better, can meet the nutrition physiology demand of Early larval completely, significantly improve the survival level of seed rearing.
At present, be mainly derived from natural rivers as the water earthworm of aquatic products bait supply in aquaculture to fish for.In the economic fish seed breeding phase, plant needs to engross water earthworm as bait deposit usually.Especially seedling fostering stage in aquaculture process, normal need a large amount of based on the open-mouthed bait of water earthworm.Existing water earthworm supply is difficult to meet the need of market, and cultivates in actual production mainly with artificial feed of throwing something and feeding.Along with the rise in price of feed material and the raising of production cost, the benefit of high investment aquaculture model of artificial feed of throwing something and feeding in a large number declines year by year, the difficulty that increases income of raiser is also continuing to increase, and therefore must find new feed replacement technology to make up weak point in above-mentioned aquaculture.Utilize the waste material in agricultural production to produce water earthworm afterwards by fermentation, can effectively solve this contradiction, the discarded production material that rural area of simultaneously can dissolving is a large amount of, reach the object of recycling economy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned weak point, the high-efficiency breeding method of high-quality food organisms water earthworm in a kind of aquaculture is provided.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, the high-efficiency breeding method of high-quality food organisms water earthworm in aquaculture, step is:
(1) earthworm pond builds: the water vermiculture that will obtain high yield in aquaculture, needs to set up special culture pond and carry out the cultivation of special pond.Strip is built up in earthworm pond, long 5-30m, wide 1-1.2m, dark 0.2-0.25m; The wide rectangular slab of stone of the most handy 0.25m of Chi Geng is built into, and also can construct with the building materials such as brick and cement, walks trample to facilitate feeding and management personnel.Preferably spread old-fashioned and inflexible at the bottom of pond or stamp " tabia " (pond, the hard end can not process).Require that earthworm pond has the ratio of 0.5%-1% to fall, and establish drain ditch and discharge outlet at higher one, drainage mouth all needs to install fence, in case the biological harmful animal such as fish, spiral shell is swarmed into.Will there be certain length in earthworm pond, otherwise feed, the very most of meeting of fertilizer of throwing in are taken away by flowing water.
(2) the using of medium: throw in high-quality medium, can not only provide good life, growth, breeding environment for water earthworm, and be shorten the product purchasing cycle in the present invention thus obtain one of key problem in technology of high yield.The bed material of medium can select and be rich in organic mud, mixes into appropriate loose matter (bagasse etc.), organic matter (cow dung etc.).Program to earthworm pond filling medium is: first at the bottom of pond place mat one deck bagasse or other be rich in the fibre object of sugar, consumption is 2-3kg/m
2.Layer overlay mud immediately, makes gross thickness reach 10-12cm, adds water and floods basal plane immersion, basal dressing (fermentation maturity) after 2-3 days, and consumption is pig, ox, chicken manure 10kg/m altogether
2.Be about the mud of 3-5cm before connecing earthworm kind again at surface paving thick layer, sprinkle the mixed feed such as wheat bran, rice bran, corn flour of skim through fermentation process, consumption is 150-250g/m
2.Finally add water, make water layer cultivation basal plane having 2-5cm.
(3) inoculate: be sprinkling upon equably on the cultivation basal plane in earthworm pond felling and transporting the earthworm kind of returning.The length of the size of inoculum concentration and the height of earthworm output and distance first time harvest date is proportionate.Result of the test shows, with 500-750g/m
2inoculum concentration comparatively economical, rationally.
(4) topdress: after inoculation to before gathering every 10-15 days, every mu should impose the muck 200-250kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed; From beginning of gathering, after each receipts, impose muck about 300kg at once, to promote the fast numerous speed of water earthworm long.Throw something and feed fertilizer time, should stir first dilute with water, except foreign material such as burring slags, more evenly splash in media surface, be sure not to spread into lumps and be deposited in earthworm pond.To water inlet be closed before feeding intake, scatter and disappear in order to avoid feed drifts about.
(5) pond, arena and water body manage: method is, with "T"-shaped wooden rake, the medium in earthworm pond is beaten 1 time in earnest, intentionally moss, weeds is beaten in mud.Beat the effect in pond, one is to prevent medium from hardening; Two is can by the metabolic waste of water earthworm, the pernicious gas expeling of raising (fertilizer) material decomposition generation; Three is numerous lifes that effectively can suppress moss, duckweed, weeds; Four is often to keep media surface smooth, is conducive to water flow stationary unimpeded.Depth of water regulation and control are more suitable at 3-5 centimetre.The fair weather in early spring, daytime, Chi Shui can be more shallow, and to utilize solar energy to improve pond temperature, night then suitably deepens, in order to be incubated and antifreeze; Summer High Temperature phase Chi Shuiyi more deeply, to reduce light radiation.Too large current not only can be taken away and cultivate nutriment on basal plane and ovum cocoon, also can the physical consumption of exacerbate water earthworm self, unfavorable to volume increase.But too small flow velocity even for a long time hydrostatic state is unfavorable for again the eliminating of the harmful substances such as the supply of dissolved oxygen and metabolic waste, thus causes water quality deterioration, vermis mortality.Usually every mu of culturing pool has the flow of 5-10kg each second.Water earthworm is very responsive to harmful substances such as water Pesticides, so the pastille Chi Shui of industrial wastewater, the water in field just spraying agricultural chemicals or treatment fish disease can not enter water earthworm cultivate pond.
(6) gather and be separated: the fertility of water earthworm is extremely strong, the young earthworm of hatching grows more than 20 day just can egg reproduction.Just enter Period of reproductive peak after newly-built earthworm pond inoculates 30 days, and can keep flourishing long time always.But the life-span of water earthworm is not long, generally only have about 80 days, minority can be lived 120 days.Therefore receiving earthworm in time is also one of key measure obtaining high yield.Collecting method can take overnight cut off the water supply or reduce discharge, causes pond anoxic, and water earthworm clustering is now agglomerating, the floating water surface.Within 2nd day, just can dip earthworm group in water with the dab net that polyethylene screen cloth is made easily early in the morning.The amount of gathering of each vermis is as the criterion with " the earthworm group " dragged on light cultivation basal plane.This amount of gathering can not affect its population regularities power, also can not cause vermis aging death not in time because gathering and reduce output.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: adopt the efficient raising technology of water earthworm provided by the invention, the waste material that can make full use of in agricultural production produces the fresh and alive water earthworm of high-quality under field conditions (factors) in a large number, as the biological feed of cultured product.
Embodiment
In aquaculture provided by the invention, the related facility of the water earthworm high yielding culture technology of high-quality bait, is made up of earthworm pond, medium, miniflow water system.First earthworm pond is built, bottom earthworm pond, spread medium, cladding thickness is the sediment of pond of 10cm, then adds medium according to demand, stirs evenly with sediments, starts to cultivate after pouring water.
Embodiment 1
(1) earthworm pond builds: according to technical scheme of the present invention, and long 5m is built up, wide 1.2m, dark 0.25m in the earthworm pond of cultivating water earthworm.Establish drain ditch and discharge outlet at higher one, drainage mouth all installs fence, in case the biological harmful animal such as fish, spiral shell is swarmed into.
(2) medium: the bed material of medium can be selected and be rich in organic mud, mixes into appropriate loose matter (bagasse etc.), organic matter (cow dung etc.).First layer overlay mud at the bottom of pond, makes gross thickness reach 10-12cm, then throws in medium (adopting the medium that Hai'an, Jiangsu produces in the present embodiment) and with rake mixing, adds water and flood basal plane immersion, make water layer cultivation basal plane having 2-5cm.
(3) inoculate: be sprinkling upon equably on the cultivation basal plane in earthworm pond felling and transporting the earthworm kind of returning.
(4) topdress: after inoculation to before gathering every 10-15 days, every mu should impose the muck 200kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed; From beginning of gathering, after each receipts, impose muck 200kg/ mu at once, to promote the fast numerous speed of water earthworm long.Throw something and feed fertilizer time, should stir first dilute with water, except foreign material such as burring slags, more evenly splash in media surface.
(5) pond, arena and water body manage: method is, with "T"-shaped wooden rake, the medium in earthworm pond is beaten 1 time in earnest, intentionally moss, weeds is beaten in mud.Depth of water regulation and control are more suitable at 3-5cm.Every mu of culturing pool has the flow of 5-10kg each second.
(6) gather and be separated: after newly-built earthworm pond inoculates 30 days, just entering Period of reproductive peak, and can keep flourishing long time always.Collecting method can take overnight cut off the water supply or reduce discharge, causes pond anoxic, and water earthworm clustering is now agglomerating, the floating water surface.Within 2nd day, just can dip earthworm group in water with the dab net that polyethylene screen cloth is made easily early in the morning.The amount of gathering of each vermis is as the criterion with " the earthworm group " dragged on light cultivation basal plane.
Embodiment 2
The high-efficiency breeding method of high-quality food organisms water earthworm in aquaculture, step is:
(1) earthworm pond builds: set up the earthworm pond of cultivating water earthworm, long 30m, wide 1.2m, dark 0.25m; Than reducing to 1%, establish drain ditch and discharge outlet at higher one, drainage mouth all installs fence;
(2) making of medium: first place mat one deck loose matter bottom earthworm pond, consumption is 3kg/m
2, layer overlay mud immediately, makes gross thickness reach 12cm, adds water and floods basal plane immersion, basal dressing 10kg/m after 2-3 days
2; Spread the mud of thick layer 5cm before connecing earthworm kind again on surface, sprinkle skim mixed feed, consumption is 250g/m
2; Finally add water, make the water layer having 5cm above cultivation basal plane;
(3) inoculated: be sprinkling upon on the cultivation basal plane in earthworm pond equably fell and transport the earthworm kind of returning, inoculum concentration 750g/m
2;
(4) topdress: after inoculation to before gathering every 15 days, every mu imposes the muck 250kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed; From beginning of gathering, after each receipts, impose muck 350kg at once;
(5) pond, arena and water body manage: the medium in earthworm pond is beaten dynamic 1 time with T-shaped wooden rake, moss, weeds are beaten in mud, and depth of water regulation and control are at 5cm, and flow is 10kg/s;
(6) gather and be separated: just entering Period of reproductive peak after newly-built earthworm pond inoculates 30 days, when gathering, overnight is cut off the water supply or is reduced discharge, causes pond anoxic, and water earthworm clustering is now agglomerating, the floating water surface; Within second day, dip earthworm group in water early in the morning with the dab net that polyethylene screen cloth is made, the amount of gathering of each vermis is as the criterion with the earthworm group dragged on light cultivation basal plane.
Embodiment 3
The high-efficiency breeding method of high-quality food organisms water earthworm in aquaculture, step is:
(1) earthworm pond builds: set up the earthworm pond of cultivating water earthworm, long 20m, wide 1.1m, dark 0.23m; Than reducing to 0.75%, establish drain ditch and discharge outlet at higher one, drainage mouth all installs fence;
(2) making of medium: first place mat one deck loose matter bottom earthworm pond, consumption is 2kg/m
2, layer overlay mud immediately, makes gross thickness reach 10cm, adds water and floods basal plane immersion, basal dressing 10kg/m after 2 days
2; Spread the mud of thick layer 3cm before connecing earthworm kind again on surface, sprinkle skim mixed feed, consumption is 150g/m
2; Finally add water, make the water layer having 2cm above cultivation basal plane;
(3) inoculated: be sprinkling upon on the cultivation basal plane in earthworm pond equably fell and transport the earthworm kind of returning, inoculum concentration 500g/m
2;
(4) topdress: after inoculation to before gathering every 10 days, every mu imposes the muck 200kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed; From beginning of gathering, after each receipts, impose muck 250kg at once;
(5) pond, arena and water body manage: the medium in earthworm pond is beaten dynamic 1 time with T-shaped wooden rake, moss, weeds are beaten in mud, and depth of water regulation and control are at 3cm, and flow is 5kg/s;
(6) gather and be separated: just entering Period of reproductive peak after newly-built earthworm pond inoculates 30 days, when gathering, overnight is cut off the water supply or is reduced discharge, causes pond anoxic, and water earthworm clustering is now agglomerating, the floating water surface; Within second day, dip earthworm group in water early in the morning with the dab net that polyethylene screen cloth is made, the amount of gathering of each vermis is as the criterion with the earthworm group dragged on light cultivation basal plane.
It should be noted that, the above-mentioned earthworm pond mentioned is built, the using and miniflow water technology of medium, not only comprise the artificial indoors artificial culture system built, be also included within the dissimilar water body such as river course, river bend, arm of lake, the present invention does not limit this.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the high-efficiency breeding method of high-quality food organisms water earthworm in aquaculture, is characterized in that step is:
(1) earthworm pond builds: set up the earthworm pond of cultivating water earthworm, long 5-30m, wide 1-1.2m, dark 0.2-0.25m; Than reducing to 0.5%-1%, establish drain ditch and discharge outlet at higher one, drainage mouth all installs fence;
(2) the using of medium: first place mat one deck loose matter bottom earthworm pond, consumption is 2-3kg/m
2, layer overlay mud immediately, makes gross thickness reach 10-12cm, adds water and floods basal plane immersion, basal dressing 10kg/m after 2-3 days
2; Spread the mud of thick layer 3-5cm before connecing earthworm kind again on surface, sprinkle skim mixed feed, consumption is 150-250g/m
2; Finally add water, make the water layer having 2-5cm above cultivation basal plane;
(3) inoculated: be sprinkling upon on the cultivation basal plane in earthworm pond equably fell and transport the earthworm kind of returning, inoculum concentration 500-750g/m
2;
(4) topdress: after inoculation to before gathering every 10-15 days, every mu imposes the muck 200-250kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed; From beginning of gathering, after each receipts, impose muck 250-350kg at once;
(5) pond, arena and water body manage: the medium in earthworm pond is beaten dynamic 1 time with T-shaped wooden rake, moss, weeds are beaten in mud, and depth of water regulation and control are at 3-5cm, and flow is 5-10kg/s;
(6) gather and be separated: just entering Period of reproductive peak after newly-built earthworm pond inoculates 30 days, when gathering, overnight is cut off the water supply or is reduced discharge, causes pond anoxic, and water earthworm clustering is now agglomerating, the floating water surface; Within second day, dip earthworm group in water early in the morning with the dab net that polyethylene screen cloth is made, the amount of gathering of each vermis is as the criterion with the earthworm group dragged on light cultivation basal plane.
2. the high-efficiency breeding method of high-quality food organisms water earthworm in aquaculture as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (1), the earthworm Chi Chi ridge is built into the rectangular slab of stone of 0.25 meter wide, or constructs with building materials; Spread old-fashioned and inflexible at the bottom of pond or stamp tabia.
3. the high-efficiency breeding method of high-quality food organisms water earthworm in aquaculture as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2) loose matter be bagasse or other be rich in the fibre object of sugar; Base manure is one or more mixture of the pig of fermentation maturity, ox or chicken manure; Mixed feed is the mixture of one or more in the wheat bran of fermentation process, rice bran or corn flour.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106614412A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-05-10 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for improving overwintering survival rate of limnodrilus hoffmeisteri |
| CN107691312A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-02-16 | 牛灵 | A kind of water earthworm high-yield cultivation method |
| CN108633657A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-10-12 | 福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所 | A kind of method that red worm cultivation is made altogether with Rice Cropping |
-
2015
- 2015-08-06 CN CN201510476418.4A patent/CN105123627A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106614412A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-05-10 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for improving overwintering survival rate of limnodrilus hoffmeisteri |
| CN107691312A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-02-16 | 牛灵 | A kind of water earthworm high-yield cultivation method |
| CN108633657A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-10-12 | 福建省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所 | A kind of method that red worm cultivation is made altogether with Rice Cropping |
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Application publication date: 20151209 |