CN105123330A - Seedling culturing substrate containing Chinese medicine residues and application of seedling culturing substrate in salt golden cypress bonsai seedling culturing - Google Patents
Seedling culturing substrate containing Chinese medicine residues and application of seedling culturing substrate in salt golden cypress bonsai seedling culturing Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides a seedling culturing substrate containing Chinese medicine residues. The seedling culturing substrate is prepared from the Chinese medicine residues, bean dregs, glucose powder, peanut meal, folia perillae acutae, pine needle meal, bagasse, micronutrient fertilizer, astilbin, organosilicone, humic acid ammonia, zeolite, kaolin and fermentation preparation. The invention further provides the application of the seedling culturing substrate in salt golden cypress bonsai seedling culturing. According to the prepared seedling culturing substrate, the number of effective living bacteria reaches 40-50 millions/g, the water content is 25%-30%, the aeration porosity is 24%-27%, the organic matter content reaches 35%-40%, the total nitrogen content reaches 2.8-3.6 wt%, the total phosphorus content is 1.2-2.0wt%, the total potassium content is 1.3-2.2wt%, the unit weight is 0.56-0.68 g/cm<3>, the EC value is 0.45-0.65 mS/cm, the pH is 6.5-7.0, and the dry density is 0.35-0.45 mg/m<3>.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of containing the seedling medium of Chinese medicine slag and the application in salt cypress bonsai seedling-culturing thereof, belong to bonsai cultivation field.
Background technology
Potted landscape is one of Chinese nation's excellent tradition art, and it is with plant, mountain stone etc. for material, and through horticultural gardening and cultivation, the fine view moulding the Nature typical, concentrated in basin, reaches contracting dragon and become artistic effect very little, much in little.
Chinese tamarisk, another name three spring months willow, red building, salix monogolica, being suspend Tamarix shrub or dungarunga, is one of main representative seeds of potted landscape, leaf novelty.
The potted landscape cultivated by Chinese tamarisk in prior art, has the following disadvantages in seedling raising process:
(1) seedling raising process directly carries out in land for growing field crops, and the soil that nursery uses is common rural area soil, and poor nutritional, the content of organic matter is few, and N-P-K content is also lower, and the air capacity of soils of soil is poor, and soil is faintly acid, is not suitable for nursery.
(2), in seedling raising process, callus induction rate and the root restriction differentiation rate of stub are low, and rooting rate is low, and the amount of taking root is few, and the quantity of capillary root is also less.
(3) survival rate of seedling is low, and growing-seedling period is longer, and during transplanting engagement, soil ball easily comes off, and transplanting survival rate is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, for solving above technical problem, provides a kind of containing the seedling medium of Chinese medicine slag and the application in salt cypress bonsai seedling-culturing thereof, to realize following goal of the invention:
(1) seedling medium prepared of the present invention, living bacteria count amount reaches 0.4-0.5 hundred million/g, water content is 25-30%, aeration porosity is 24-27%, the content of organic matter reaches 35-40%, and total nitrogen content is 2.8-3.6wt%, and total phosphorus content is 1.2-2.0wt%, total potassium content is 1.3-2.2wt%, and unit weight is 0.56-0.68g/cm
3, EC value is 0.45-0.65mS/cm, pH is 6.5-7.0, and dry density is 0.35-0.45mg/m
3.
(2) seedling medium that prepared by the present invention is applied in salt cypress bonsai seedling-culturing, and callus induction rate is high, and root restriction differentiation rate is high, and rooting rate reaches 99.5-99.7%, and the amount of taking root is many, and main root is long, thick, and capillary root increases 25-28%; Maternal plant kind joint availability is 96.4-96.8%.
(3) seedling medium that prepared by the present invention is applied in salt cypress bonsai seedling-culturing, native ball difficult drop-off, and tree root integrality is good, and survival rate of seedling is high; Growing-seedling period is short; Transplanting survival rate is high.
For solving above technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of seedling medium containing Chinese medicine slag, described seedling medium, raw material comprises Chinese medicine slag, bean dregs, powdered glucose, peanut meal, perilla leaf, pine needle meal, bagasse, trace element fertilizer, astilbin, organosilicon, humus ammonia, zeolite, kaolin, fermenting agent.
Below the further improvement to technique scheme:
Described seedling medium, the mass ratio of each raw material components is: Chinese medicine slag 20-25 part, bean dregs 12-14 part, powdered glucose 6-8 part, peanut meal 3-7 part, perilla leaf 4-6 part, pine needle meal 5-7 part, bagasse 8-12 part, trace element fertilizer 1-3 part, astilbin 3-6 part, organosilicon 0.5-1 part, humus ammonia 8-11 part, zeolite 4-6 part, kaolin 9-13 part, fermenting agent 0.3-0.6 part.
Described Chinese medicine slag, pH is 6.99, and the content of organic matter is 35wt%, and total nitrogen content is 2.378wt%, content of tatal phosphorus is 0.588wt%, full potassium content is 0.412wt%, and content of magnesium is 0.095wt%, and Zn content is 101.31mg/kg, heavy metal Cr content≤0.2mg/kg, heavy metal Hg content≤0.1mg/kg, heavy metal As content≤0.13mg/kg, heavy metal Cd content≤0.23mg/kg.
Described perilla leaf, complete blade is oval, long 4 ~ 11 centimetres. and wide 2.5 ~ 9 centimetres, long 2 ~ 7 centimetres of petiole, moisture is 9wt%; Described trace element fertilizer, comprises copper sulphate, boric acid, zinc oxide, ferrous sulfate, manganese carbonate, molybdenum trioxide, and mass ratio is: 1:4:5:3:2:2.
The preparation method of described humus ammonia is: be that 5:1:0.5 mixes rear enclosed by coal humus, ammonium sulfate, water according to mass ratio, carries out ammonification chelatropic reaction, react and obtain humus ammonia after 10 days at 25 DEG C; Described coal humus, fineness 120 order, moisture less than 10%, the content of organic matter is 45-50%.
Described bagasse, water content is 45%, fibre length 2-15mm, and in dry matter, the mass percentage of main component is: lignin 15-18%, cellulose 35-40%, hemicellulose 25-30%, pectic substance 1.5%, coarse ash 2.5%.
Described zeolite, ammonia absorption value is more than 170; Described kaolin, order number is 325 orders, and the mass percentage of silica is 50%, and Mohs' hardness is 3-4; Described astilbin, active constituent content is 80wt%.
Described fermenting agent is liquid bacteria suspension, comprises Lactobacillus plantarum, the raw actinomycetes of detritus, bacillus subtilis, Rhodobacter capsulatus.
The concentration of described Lactobacillus casei is 0.2 hundred million cfu/ml, and the raw actinomycetic concentration of detritus is 0.3 hundred million cfu/ml, and the concentration of bacillus subtilis is 0.4 hundred million cfu/ml, and the concentration of Rhodobacter capsulatus is 0.2 hundred million cfu/ml.
A kind of application of seedling medium in salt cypress bonsai seedling-culturing containing Chinese medicine slag, adopt seedling medium of the present invention as seedbed, by the stub of the Chinese tamarisk after root process, insert in matrix, the cuttage degree of depth is 20-30cm, and line-spacing is 85cm, spacing in the rows is 80cm, after having transplanted, build sunshade net, light transmittance 75%.
Adopt above technical scheme, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) seedling medium prepared of the present invention, living bacteria count amount is 0.4-0.5 hundred million/g, water content is 25-30%, aeration porosity is 24-27%, the content of organic matter is 35-40%, and total nitrogen content is 2.8-3.6wt%, and total phosphorus content is 1.2-2.0wt%, total potassium content is 1.3-2.2wt%, and unit weight is 0.56-0.68g/cm
3, EC value is 0.45-0.65mS/cm, pH is 6.5-7.0, and dry density is 0.35-0.45mg/m
3.
(2) seedling medium that prepared by the present invention is applied in salt cypress bonsai seedling-culturing, and callus induction rate is 100%, and root restriction differentiation rate is 99.8-99.9%, rooting rate reaches 99.5-99.7%, and the amount of taking root is many, and main root length reaches 35-50cm, main root diameter increases 15-18%, and capillary root increases 25-28%; Maternal plant kind joint availability is 96.4-96.8%.
(3) seedling medium that prepared by the present invention is applied in salt cypress bonsai seedling-culturing, native ball difficult drop-off, and tree root integrality is good, and survival rate of seedling reaches 99.4-99.6%; Growing-seedling period shortens 30-45 days; Transplanting survival rate reaches 98.7-99.1%.
Embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
embodiment 1 one kinds is containing the seedling medium of Chinese medicine slag
described matrix, the mass ratio of each raw material components is:
Chinese medicine slag 20 parts, 12 parts, bean dregs, powdered glucose 6 parts, peanut meal 3 parts, perilla leaf 4 parts, pine needle meal 5 parts, bagasse 8 parts, trace element fertilizer 1 part, astilbin 3 parts, organosilicon 0.5 part, humus ammonia 8 parts, 4 parts, zeolite, kaolin 9 parts, fermenting agent 0.3 part.
Described Chinese medicine slag, pH is 6.99, and the content of organic matter is 35wt%, and total nitrogen content is 2.378wt%, content of tatal phosphorus is 0.588wt%, full potassium content is 0.412wt%, and content of magnesium is 0.095wt%, and Zn content is 101.31mg/kg, heavy metal Cr content≤0.2mg/kg, heavy metal Hg content≤0.1mg/kg, heavy metal As content≤0.13mg/kg, heavy metal Cd content≤0.23mg/kg;
Described perilla leaf, the many shrinkages of blade are curling, and broken, complete blade is oval, long 4 ~ 11 centimetres. and wide 2.5 ~ 9 centimetres, long 2 ~ 7 centimetres of petiole, moisture is 9wt%, adopts purple perilla tender leaf low temperature drying to make.
Described purple perilla tender leaf, every 100g moisture content 85.7g, protein content 2.4g, fat content is 1.3g, 6.4 grams, carbohydrate, 44 milligrams, phosphorus, iron 2.3 milligrams, carotin 9.09 grams, vitaminB10 .02 milligram, vitamin B2 0.35 milligram, niacin 1.3 milligrams, vitamin C 47 milligrams.
Described trace element fertilizer, comprises copper sulphate, boric acid, zinc oxide, ferrous sulfate, manganese carbonate, molybdenum trioxide, and mass ratio is: 1:4:5:3:2:2.
The preparation method of described humus ammonia is: be that 5:1:0.5 mixes rear enclosed by coal humus, ammonium sulfate, water according to mass ratio, carries out ammonification chelatropic reaction, react and obtain humus ammonia after 10 days at 25 DEG C; Described coal humus, fineness 120 order, moisture less than 10%, the content of organic matter is 45-50%.
Described bagasse, water content is 45%, fibre length 2-15mm, and in dry matter, the mass percentage of main component is: lignin 15-18%, cellulose 35-40%, hemicellulose 25-30%, pectic substance 1.5%, coarse ash 2.5%;
Described zeolite, ammonia absorption value is more than 170.
Described kaolin, order number is 325 orders, and the mass percentage of silica is 50%, and Mohs' hardness is 3-4.
Described astilbin, active constituent content is 80wt%,
Described organosilicon, for ethyoxyl modification gathers trisiloxanes.
Described fermenting agent is liquid bacteria suspension, comprises Lactobacillus plantarum, the raw actinomycetes of detritus, bacillus subtilis, Rhodobacter capsulatus; Wherein the concentration of Lactobacillus casei is 0.2 hundred million cfu/ml, and the raw actinomycetic concentration of detritus is 0.3 hundred million cfu/ml, and the concentration of bacillus subtilis is 0.4 hundred million cfu/ml, and the concentration of Rhodobacter capsulatus is 0.2 hundred million cfu/ml.
Described Lactobacillus plantarum (
lactobacillusplantarum), culture presevation number is ACCC11016; The raw actinomycetes of detritus (
dactylosporangiumhumiferus), culture presevation number is ACCC40449; Bacillus subtilis (
bacillussubtilis), culture presevation number is CGMCC1.1630; Rhodobacter capsulatus (
rhodobactercapsulata), culture presevation number is CCREMSDMCC150014.
embodiment 2 one kinds is containing the seedling medium of Chinese medicine slag
adopt the raw material of embodiment 1, change the mass ratio of each raw material components, change into:
Chinese medicine slag 22 parts, 13 parts, bean dregs, powdered glucose 7 parts, peanut meal 4 parts, perilla leaf 5 parts, pine needle meal 6 parts, bagasse 10 parts, trace element fertilizer 2 parts, astilbin 5 parts, organosilicon 0.7 part, humus ammonia 10 parts, 5 parts, zeolite, kaolin 11 parts, fermenting agent 0.5 part.
embodiment 3 one kinds is containing the seedling medium of Chinese medicine slag
adopt the raw material of embodiment 1, change the mass ratio of each raw material components, change into:
Chinese medicine slag 25 parts, 14 parts, bean dregs, powdered glucose 8 parts, peanut meal 7 parts, perilla leaf 6 parts, pine needle meal 7 parts, bagasse 12 parts, trace element fertilizer 3 parts, astilbin 6 parts, organosilicon 1 part, humus ammonia 11 parts, 6 parts, zeolite, kaolin 13 parts, fermenting agent 0.6 part.
embodiment 4 one kinds is containing the preparation method of the seedling medium of Chinese medicine slag
(1) weigh
According to the mass ratio of raw material components each in seedling medium, take each raw material.
(2) pulverize
Chinese medicine slag, bean dregs, peanut meal, perilla leaf, bagasse, zeolite are pulverized, after pulverizing, particle diameter is 0.5mm.
(3) C/N ratio is regulated
Powdered glucose, pine needle meal, trace element fertilizer, astilbin, humus ammonia, kaolin are mixed, and the product of previous step (2) mixes, regulate C/N to be 35:1 to mixture.
(4) fermenting agent is sprayed
By fermenting agent, be evenly sprayed in the mixture of step 4.
(5) water content is regulated
Regulate water content to 70wt%.
(6) pile fermentation
Covered with plastic film insulation, moisturizing, carry out pile fermentation under 30 DEG C ~ 45 DEG C conditions, until pile rotten material in loose granular structure, pH is 6.5-7.0, namely becomes thoroughly decomposed complete.
(7) organosilicon, obtained matrix is added
The material fermented becoming thoroughly decomposed, adds organosilicon, mixes, and is dried to moisture content to below 1.8wt% with 40 DEG C of warm braws, prepares seedling medium of the present invention.
embodiment 5 one kinds is containing the application of seedling medium in salt cypress bonsai seedling-culturing of Chinese medicine slag
Salt cypress of the present invention is Chinese tamarisk.
(1) stake is dug
The 1-2 month, the shape that the age of tree choosing coastal tidal is 3-5, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is 8-15cm is peculiar, the Chinese tamarisk of legendary small dragon with horns Qu Duozi, excavate, block the side root of main root and Zhi Jing≤6cm, the fibrous root cut to lengthen retained is at 9-11cm, and whole stake is highly 80-120cm, stays 2-4 branch, wipe out unnecessary limb and branches and leaves, only retain moulding skeleton branch.
(2) root process
After root-growing agent dilute with water 300 times, the root of Chinese tamarisk is soaked 10 minutes in root-growing agent, take out, then dip in 5s in containing the mud of root-growing agent, prepare to plant to carry out nursery into seedbed, the described mud containing root-growing agent, the content of root-growing agent is 200mg/kg.
Described root-growing agent, each material quality ratio is: methyl α-naphthyl acetate 5 parts, rice vinegar 10 parts, amino acid/11 5 parts, fulvic acid 16 parts, coral calcium 8 parts, ergometrine 7 parts, bamboo vinegar 9 parts, inositol 12 parts, 11 parts, folic acid.
The preparation method of described root-growing agent is: first methyl α-naphthyl acetate, amino acid, ergometrine, inositol, a small amount of ethanol of folic acid are dissolved, be then mixed with rice vinegar, fulvic acid, coral calcium, bamboo vinegar.
(3) use of seedling medium
Adopt seedling medium of the present invention as seedbed, the stub of the Chinese tamarisk after step (1) being processed, insert in matrix, the cuttage degree of depth is 20-30cm, line-spacing is 85cm, and spacing in the rows is 80cm, after having transplanted, builds sunshade net, light transmittance 75%, irrigates seedbed in time, keeps ground moistening; After temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, remove sunshade net.
(4) terminal bud is cultivated
Stay a terminal bud on the top of each branch, carry out bud picking in time to other tender shoots, the terminal bud direction of growth becomes 70-85 DEG C with the direction of growth of branch, and carry out pinching when terminal bud grows to 20cm, terminal bud upper end is trimmed to spherical, within 4-5 days, prunes once.
(5) transplant
When can be trimmed to diameter be 20-25cm spherical in terminal bud upper end, dug out by plant, be with native ball, note keeping native ball complete, the diameter of native ball is 30-35cm, transplants engagement, and proceed to cultivate, the potted landscape cultivated, is called salt cypress potted landscape.
result:
(1) seedling medium prepared of the present invention, living bacteria count amount is 0.4-0.5 hundred million/g, water content is 25-30%, aeration porosity is 24-27%, the content of organic matter is 35-40wt%, and total nitrogen content is 2.8-3.6wt%, and total phosphorus content is 1.2-2.0wt%, total potassium content is 1.3-2.2wt%, and unit weight is 0.56-0.68g/cm
3, EC value is 0.45-0.65mS/cm, pH is 6.5-7.0, and dry density is 0.35-0.45mg/m
3, specific targets are in table 1.
Each index of seedling medium prepared by table 1 the present invention
Seedling medium prepared by the present invention is applied in salt cypress bonsai seedling-culturing, and callus induction rate is 100%, and root restriction differentiation rate is 99.8-99.9%, rooting rate reaches 99.5-99.7%, and the amount of taking root is many, and main root length reaches 35-50cm, main root diameter increases 15-18%, capillary root increasing number 25-28%; Maternal plant kind joint availability is 96.4-96.8%, specifically in table 2.
Seedling medium prepared by the present invention is applied in salt cypress bonsai seedling-culturing, native ball difficult drop-off, and tree root integrality is good, and survival rate of seedling reaches 99.4-99.6%; Growing-seedling period shortens 30-45 days; Transplanting survival rate reaches 98.7-99.1%, specifically in table 2.
Seedling medium prepared by table 2 the present invention is effect index in salt cypress bonsai seedling-culturing
Visible, embodiment 2 is preferred embodiments.
The bacterial classification related in the present invention: the raw actinomycetes of Lactobacillus plantarum, detritus, bacillus subtilis, Rhodobacter capsulatus, source is commercially available, and purchase obtains.
Except as otherwise noted, the percentage adopted in the present invention is mass percent.
Last it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, for a person skilled in the art, it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the seedling medium containing Chinese medicine slag, it is characterized in that: described seedling medium, raw material comprises Chinese medicine slag, bean dregs, powdered glucose, peanut meal, perilla leaf, pine needle meal, bagasse, trace element fertilizer, astilbin, organosilicon, humus ammonia, zeolite, kaolin, fermenting agent.
2. a kind of seedling medium containing Chinese medicine slag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described seedling medium, the mass ratio of each raw material components is: Chinese medicine slag 20-25 part, bean dregs 12-14 part, powdered glucose 6-8 part, peanut meal 3-7 part, perilla leaf 4-6 part, pine needle meal 5-7 part, bagasse 8-12 part, trace element fertilizer 1-3 part, astilbin 3-6 part, organosilicon 0.5-1 part, humus ammonia 8-11 part, zeolite 4-6 part, kaolin 9-13 part, fermenting agent 0.3-0.6 part.
3. a kind of seedling medium containing Chinese medicine slag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Chinese medicine slag, pH is 6.99, the content of organic matter is 35wt%, total nitrogen content is 2.378wt%, and content of tatal phosphorus is 0.588wt%, and full potassium content is 0.412wt%, content of magnesium is 0.095wt%, Zn content is 101.31mg/kg, heavy metal Cr content≤0.2mg/kg, heavy metal Hg content≤0.1mg/kg, heavy metal As content≤0.13mg/kg, heavy metal Cd content≤0.23mg/kg.
4. a kind of seedling medium containing Chinese medicine slag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described perilla leaf, complete blade is oval, long 4 ~ 11 centimetres. and wide 2.5 ~ 9 centimetres, long 2 ~ 7 centimetres of petiole, moisture is 9wt%; Described trace element fertilizer, comprises copper sulphate, boric acid, zinc oxide, ferrous sulfate, manganese carbonate, molybdenum trioxide, and mass ratio is: 1:4:5:3:2:2.
5. a kind of seedling medium containing Chinese medicine slag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described humus ammonia is: be that 5:1:0.5 mixes rear enclosed by coal humus, ammonium sulfate, water according to mass ratio, at 25 DEG C, carry out ammonification chelatropic reaction, react and obtain humus ammonia after 10 days; Described coal humus, fineness 120 order, moisture less than 10%, the content of organic matter is 45-50%.
6. a kind of seedling medium containing Chinese medicine slag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described bagasse, water content is 45%, fibre length 2-15mm, in dry matter, the mass percentage of main component is: lignin 15-18%, cellulose 35-40%, hemicellulose 25-30%, pectic substance 1.5%, coarse ash 2.5%.
7. a kind of seedling medium containing Chinese medicine slag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described zeolite, ammonia absorption value is more than 170; Described kaolin, order number is 325 orders, and the mass percentage of silica is 50%, and Mohs' hardness is 3-4; Described astilbin, active constituent content is 80wt%.
8. a kind of seedling medium containing Chinese medicine slag according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described fermenting agent, is liquid bacteria suspension, comprises Lactobacillus plantarum, the raw actinomycetes of detritus, bacillus subtilis, Rhodobacter capsulatus.
9. a kind of seedling medium containing Chinese medicine slag according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the concentration of described Lactobacillus casei is 0.2 hundred million cfu/ml, the raw actinomycetic concentration of detritus is 0.3 hundred million cfu/ml, the concentration of bacillus subtilis is 0.4 hundred million cfu/ml, and the concentration of Rhodobacter capsulatus is 0.2 hundred million cfu/ml.
10. the application of seedling medium in salt cypress bonsai seedling-culturing containing Chinese medicine slag, it is characterized in that: adopt seedling medium of the present invention as seedbed, by the stub of the Chinese tamarisk after root process, insert in matrix, the cuttage degree of depth is 20-30cm, and line-spacing is 85cm, spacing in the rows is 80cm, after having transplanted, build sunshade net, light transmittance 75%.
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