CN105110939A - Traditional Chinese medicine residue shiitake culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine residue shiitake culture medium and a preparation method thereof. The culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: mulberry wood, a 7% dilute sulfuric acid solution, quartz sand, traditional Chinese medicine residue, ethanol, cottonseed hull, garlic straw, peanut shell, lime powder, pitch peat and a proper amount of water. The traditional Chinese medicine residue is subjected to liquid decoction and extraction, pulverized into smaller shapes, decocted and mixed with loose porous modified mulberry wood block, so that the effective components are indirectly transferred to the wood block; since most edible fungi grow in an environment with certain water quantity and favorable air permeability, the transfer of the extracting solution into the wood block effectively reduces the evaporative water, overcomes the defect that the nutrients can not be absorbed, and well keeps the shape of the culture medium.

Description

A kind of Chinese medicine slag mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of culture medium of edible fungus, be specifically related to a kind of Chinese medicine slag mushroom culture medium and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Mulberry tree is perennial woody plant, has easy germination, resistance to cutting cuts down the characteristic strong with restorability.In the cultivation of mulberry tree, usual needs are cut and are cut down ramulus mori, particularly the cultivation of silkworm needs fresh, fresh and tender mulberry leaf in a large number, need constantly to prune mulberry tree, realize the fresh and tender of Ramulus Mori and new foliation, this measure also helps the generation reducing disease and pest simultaneously, branch after pruning usually directly burns as bavin standing grain or rots in vain at headland, not only contaminate environment also wastes resource, as far back as just having Ramulus Mori many years ago, by being ground into mulberry wood chips for the preparation of culture medium of edible fungus or for paper industry.

Recognize that white mulberry strips mainly contains xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose composition, and three can be separated by the mode of thermolysis, the pyrolysis temperature of hemicellulose is 250 ~ 300 DEG C, Mierocrystalline cellulose is by β-1 by D-Glucose, the long chain molecule of 4 glycosidic link connections, long chain molecule forms the supramolecule rock steady structure with highly crystalline district further by reactive forces such as hydrogen bonds, its pyrolysis temperature is at 350 ~ 400 DEG C, the pyrolysis temperature of xylogen is 450 ~ 550 DEG C, produces bio oil after hemicellulose and Mierocrystalline cellulose pyrolysis;

Mushroom is a kind of wood-decay fungi, and main nutritive ingredient is carbohydrate and nitrogenous compound, and a small amount of inorganic salt and VITAMIN etc.Mushroom wood and substratum in various nutritive substances, be only dissolved in water and could be absorbed by mushroom.Mushroom mycelium can utilize carbon source widely, and comprise monose, disaccharide class and polyose, sugared concentration is relatively good at 1-5%.

Mushroom is a kind of wood-decay fungi, its growth is divided into two stages, one is the mycelium stage, one is the sporophore stage, mushroom must absorb the nutritive substance in the water of dissolving simultaneously, and present most mushroom culture medium raw material is all generally paper scrap, cotton seed hulls, waste cotton slag, corn stalk, corn cob etc., because the water content of substratum is certain, the nutritive ingredient of these raw materials is made to be difficult to exist with form that is liquid or semi liquid state, hinder shiitake mushroom hypha absorbing raw material greatly, if raw material powder is broken into more small particle, make homogenate state, have and exceeded the optimum moisture content of substratum greatly, hinder gas circulation simultaneously, be unfavorable for mushroom growth, bring the harm of growing miscellaneous bacteria.

Summary of the invention

In order to improve mushroom culture medium water retention property, strengthen overall air permeability energy, the present invention is by mulberry tree wood through process and modification, and mixing mushroom culture medium together uses, and realizes particular by following method:

A kind of Chinese medicine slag mushroom culture medium, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: mulberry 35 ~ 40,7% dilution heat of sulfuric acid 60 ~ 80, quartz sand 10 ~ 15, Chinese medicine slag 45 ~ 50, ethanol 3 ~ 5, cotton seed hull 90 ~ 100, garlic stalk 30 ~ 40, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 35 ~ 40, lime powder 6 ~ 8, black mud charcoal 1 ~ 2 and appropriate water;

A preparation method for Chinese medicine slag mushroom culture medium, is characterized in that, comprises following step:

(1) by peeling mulberry by cutting and grinding growths × wide=8 ~ 12cm × 5 ~ 7cm, thickness is no more than the wood chip shape of 1.2cm, puts into the container filling 7% dilution heat of sulfuric acid, is heated to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, maintenance 4 ~ 5h;

(2) wood chip of (1) gained is dried, then retort furnace is put in unification, be filled with nitrogen and add quartz sand, heating charing is carried out with oxygen free condition, be warming up to 450 DEG C gradually, effect 4 ~ 6h, puts into enough water boilings and removes charing impurity, obtain required modification mulberry sheet by wood chip after completing;

(3) water of Chinese medicine slag with 4 ~ 5 times is mixed, be milled to homogenate, then add ethanol and the modification mulberry sheet described in (2) and decoct and boil 80 ~ 90min, obtain required material;

(4) garlic stalk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae are pulverized through preliminary, then add the material total amount described in (3) and other remaining component, mixing, adjustment water content 50 ~ 55%, pH is 5.5 ~ 6, carries out packing.

The present invention focuses on, to the modification of common dead meal mulberry tree batten in life, being applied in the substratum of mushroom:

First mulberry is ground into a certain size wood chip shape, thickness is no more than 2cm, then soak with dilution heat of sulfuric acid, preliminarily softened is separated wooden part and cellulosic sections, acid treatment is mainly through hydrolyzed hemicellulose, destroy the chemical bond between hemicellulose-lignin, reach the effect increasing its surface-area, cellulosic mean polymerisation degree can also be reduced simultaneously, acid treatment is mainly for the Mierocrystalline cellulose of wooden unit class and being separated of xylogen, by boiling for some time, be conducive to effect and the progress of accelerating this step, the cultivation of mushroom is suitable for growing in the environment of pH=5.5 ~ 6, so utilize dilute acid soln to be better than the treatment effect of sig water.

Biomass carbonated is without the incomplete pyrolysis occurred when the oxidizing atmospheres such as air, to generate charcoal, and the process of the products such as condensable liquid (bio oil), the present invention is in conjunction with this point, and according to background knowledge, different by the temperature of lignocellulosic elements thermo-cracking, by regulating temperature, cellulose components unwanted in pine is carbonized, retain lignin component, the finished product obtained is the porous material of wood chip shape, for the preparation of substratum, stable ventilation can be reached, maintain based structures, store nutrient and moisture, be beneficial to the multiple advantages such as edible mushrooms takes root,

Fluid bed fast pyrolysis device is utilized to carry out the process of differing temps to mulberry tree wood chip, and then adopt pressed disc method sweep measuring on Bruker infrared spectrometer, draw the content feature for the treatment of of different temperature mulberry Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen and hemicellulose, result is as follows:

Along with the rising of temperature, the content of hemicellulose reduces gradually, the less stable of hemicellulose is described, namely pyrolysis is there is at 240 DEG C, and along with the rising of temperature, pyrolytic reaction is aggravated, and content of cellulose raises with the rising of temperature of reaction, 300 DEG C is start to reduce, and illustrates 300 DEG C of beginning pyrolysis.

Advantage of the present invention: liquid state is carried out to Chinese medicine slag and decocts extraction, by being ground into less form, loose porous modification mulberry block is added after decoction, effective constituent is indirectly passed on wooden unit, the growth of edible mushrooms grows mostly in certain water yield and the good environment of air permeability is the most suitable, is passed to by extracting solution in wooden unit, effectively reduces transpiring moisture, be the embarrassment that nutrient must not absorb, well keep the shape of substratum simultaneously.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

A kind of Chinese medicine slag mushroom culture medium, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): mulberry 35,7% dilution heat of sulfuric acid 80, quartz sand 10, Chinese medicine slag 50, ethanol 3, cotton seed hull 100, garlic stalk 30, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 35, lime powder 8, black mud charcoal 2 and appropriate water;

A preparation method for Chinese medicine slag mushroom culture medium, is characterized in that, comprises following step:

(1) by peeling mulberry by cutting and grinding growths × wide=8 ~ 12cm × 5 ~ 7cm, thickness is no more than the wood chip shape of 1.2cm, puts into the container filling 7% dilution heat of sulfuric acid, is heated to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, maintenance 4 ~ 5h;

(2) wood chip of (1) gained is dried, then retort furnace is put in unification, be filled with nitrogen and add quartz sand, heating charing is carried out with oxygen free condition, be warming up to 450 DEG C gradually, effect 4 ~ 6h, puts into enough water boilings and removes charing impurity, obtain required modification mulberry sheet by wood chip after completing;

(3) water of Chinese medicine slag with 4 ~ 5 times is mixed, be milled to homogenate, then add ethanol and the modification mulberry sheet described in (2) and decoct and boil 80 ~ 90min, obtain required material;

(4) garlic stalk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae are pulverized through preliminary, then add the material total amount described in (3) and other remaining component, mixing, adjustment water content 50 ~ 55%, pH is 5.5 ~ 6, carries out packing.

Use a kind of Chinese medicine slag mushroom culture medium of the present invention for the planting experiment of mushroom, adopt the long 33 ~ 55cm of bag, the Plastic film Bag of wide 20 ~ 30cm carries out the filling bag of substratum, substratum is pressed the raw material of invention after corresponding steps process, load in bag to 3/5 place, experimental group adopts substratum of the present invention, control group uses conventional medium, routine servicing is all identical with management, result shows: the mushroom growing way of experimental group and everyway better than control group, strengthen mushroom resistance, sanitary, the nutritive ingredient of mushroom is more comprehensive, protein content is higher, realize economy steadily to rise.

Claims (2)

1. a Chinese medicine slag mushroom culture medium, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: mulberry 35 ~ 40,7% dilution heat of sulfuric acid 60 ~ 80, quartz sand 10 ~ 15, Chinese medicine slag 45 ~ 50, ethanol 3 ~ 5, cotton seed hull 90 ~ 100, garlic stalk 30 ~ 40, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 35 ~ 40, lime powder 6 ~ 8, black mud charcoal 1 ~ 2 and appropriate water.

2. the preparation method of a kind of Chinese medicine slag mushroom culture medium according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise following step:

(1) by peeling mulberry by cutting and grinding growths × wide=8 ~ 12cm × 5 ~ 7cm, thickness is no more than the wood chip shape of 1.2cm, puts into the container filling 7% dilution heat of sulfuric acid, is heated to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, maintenance 4 ~ 5h;

(2) dried by the wood chip of (1) gained, then retort furnace is put in unification, is filled with nitrogen and adds quartz sand, carry out heating charing with oxygen free condition, be warming up to 450 DEG C gradually, effect 4 ~ 6h, after completing, wood chip is put into enough water boilings and remove charing impurity, obtain required modification mulberry sheet;

(3) water of Chinese medicine slag with 4 ~ 5 times is mixed, be milled to homogenate, then add ethanol and the modification mulberry sheet described in (2) and decoct and boil 80 ~ 90min, obtain required material;

(4) garlic stalk, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae are pulverized through preliminary, then add the material total amount described in (3) and other remaining component, mixing, adjustment water content 50 ~ 55%, pH is 5.5 ~ 6, carries out packing.