CN105130649A - Humic acid agaricus bisporus culture medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a humic acid agaricus bisporus culture medium and a preparation method thereof. The culture medium is prepared from, by weight, mulberry, 7% sulfuric acid solution, quartz sand, rice straw, folium artemisiae argyi, peat, ammonium bicarbonate, cotton seed hull, mulberry leaves, fresh fish waste material, quick lime, kaolin and an appropriate amount of water. Ammonium bicarbonate, peat, plant straw and fresh fish waste material are mixed and accumulated to rot so that humic substances can be produced; humic substances are mixed with cotton seed hull so that the agaricus bisporus culture medium can be prepared; meanwhile, folium artemisiae argyi and the like are added and contain alkaloid and bioactivator, and therefore the prepared culture medium can be more comprehensive in nutrient, agaricus bisporus stress resistance is improved, and nutritive value is improved.

Description

A kind of humic acid bisporous mushroom substratum and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of culture medium of edible fungus, be specifically related to a kind of humic acid bisporous mushroom substratum and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Mulberry tree is perennial woody plant, has easy germination, resistance to cutting cuts down the characteristic strong with restorability.In the cultivation of mulberry tree, usual needs are cut and are cut down ramulus mori, particularly the cultivation of silkworm needs fresh, fresh and tender mulberry leaf in a large number, need constantly to prune mulberry tree, realize the fresh and tender of Ramulus Mori and new foliation, this measure also helps the generation reducing disease and pest simultaneously, branch after pruning usually directly burns as bavin standing grain or rots in vain at headland, not only contaminate environment also wastes resource, as far back as just having Ramulus Mori many years ago, by being ground into mulberry wood chips for the preparation of culture medium of edible fungus or for paper industry.

Recognize that white mulberry strips mainly contains xylogen, Mierocrystalline cellulose and hemicellulose composition, and three can be separated by the mode of thermolysis, the pyrolysis temperature of hemicellulose is 250 ~ 300 DEG C, Mierocrystalline cellulose is by β-1 by D-Glucose, the long chain molecule of 4 glycosidic link connections, long chain molecule forms the supramolecule rock steady structure with highly crystalline district further by reactive forces such as hydrogen bonds, its pyrolysis temperature is at 350 ~ 400 DEG C, the pyrolysis temperature of xylogen is 450 ~ 550 DEG C, produces bio oil after hemicellulose and Mierocrystalline cellulose pyrolysis;

The primary condition that bisporous mushroom is cultivated is the optimum humidity of air is 85%, mycelial optimum growth temperature is 22 ~ 25 DEG C, the optimum growth temperature of sporophore is 14 ~ 18 DEG C, it is by corn cob that the substratum of cultivar generally forms, the dry cow dung of fermentation, flour, light calcium carbonate, lime powder, stalk, rice husk, continuous slag, dregs of beans and so on etc., water content is with 60% optimum, pH=7 ~ 8, first substratum is layered on making the bed, then evenly cultivar is sprinkled, finally repave one deck fine earth, bisporous mushroom is a kind of aerobic type fungi, especially responsive to the humidity of air, so the water content of substratum also controls because of strict, because the water content of substratum is certain, the nutritive ingredient of these raw materials is made to be difficult to exist with form that is liquid or semi liquid state, hinder button mushroom filament absorbing raw material greatly, if raw material powder is broken into more small particle, make homogenate state, have and exceeded the optimum moisture content of substratum greatly, hinder gas circulation simultaneously, be unfavorable for the growth of bisporous mushroom, bring the harm of growing miscellaneous bacteria.

Summary of the invention

In order to improve bisporous mushroom substratum water retention property, strengthen overall air permeability energy, be conducive to again the assimilated efficiency of bisporous mushroom to nutritive ingredient simultaneously, mulberry tree wood is passed through process and modification by the present invention, mixing bisporous mushroom substratum together uses, and realizes particular by following method:

A kind of humic acid bisporous mushroom substratum, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: mulberry 35 ~ 40,7% dilution heat of sulfuric acid 60 ~ 80, quartz sand 10 ~ 16, rice straw 60 ~ 80, tarragon 20 ~ 25, peat 10 ~ 15, bicarbonate of ammonia 5 ~ 6, cotton seed hulls 80 ~ 100, mulberry leaves 10 ~ 14, fresh fish dead meal 20 ~ 25, unslaked lime 5 ~ 8, kaolin 15 ~ 20 and appropriate water;

A preparation method for humic acid bisporous mushroom substratum, is characterized in that, comprises following step:

(1) by peeling mulberry by cutting and grinding growths × wide=8 ~ 12cm × 6 ~ 8cm, thickness is no more than the wood chip shape of 1.2cm, puts into the container filling 7% dilution heat of sulfuric acid, is heated to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, maintenance 4 ~ 5h;

(2) wood chip of (1) gained is dried, then retort furnace is put in unification, be filled with nitrogen and add quartz sand, heating charing is carried out with oxygen free condition, slowly be heated to 450 DEG C, then insulation effect 4 ~ 6h, puts into enough water boilings and removes charing impurity, obtain required modification mulberry sheet by wood chip after completing;

(3) mix tarragon, mulberry leaves, fresh fish dead meal and other following remaining component do not related to after tentatively being pulverized by rice straw, add water to water content 40 ~ 45%, stirring and evenly mixing, pile up under wet environment and rot for 10 ~ 15 days;

(4) (3) gained material is carried out sterilizing, be then milled to homogenate, the mulberry sheet added described in (2) carries out boiling 30 ~ 40min, finally dries into scoriform;

(5) mixed with cotton seed hulls by (4) gained scoriform material, adjustment water content 60 ~ 70%, pH is 7 ~ 8, be laid on bacterium bed, thickness 24 ~ 28cm, namely can be used for after completing inoculating cultivar.

The present invention focuses on, to the modification of common dead meal mulberry tree batten in life, being applied in the substratum of bisporous mushroom:

First mulberry is ground into a certain size wood chip shape, thickness is no more than 2cm, then soak with dilution heat of sulfuric acid, preliminarily softened is separated wooden part and cellulosic sections, acid treatment is mainly through hydrolyzed hemicellulose, destroy the chemical bond between hemicellulose-lignin, reach the effect increasing its surface-area, cellulosic mean polymerisation degree can also be reduced simultaneously, acid treatment is mainly for the Mierocrystalline cellulose of wooden unit class and being separated of xylogen, by boiling for some time, be conducive to effect and the progress of accelerating this step.

Biomass carbonated is without the incomplete pyrolysis occurred when the oxidizing atmospheres such as air, to generate charcoal, and the process of the products such as condensable liquid (bio oil), the present invention is in conjunction with this point, and according to background knowledge, different by the temperature of lignocellulosic elements thermo-cracking, by regulating temperature, cellulose components unwanted in pine is carbonized, retain lignin component, the finished product obtained is the porous material of wood chip shape, for the preparation of substratum, stable ventilation can be reached, maintain based structures, store nutrient and moisture, be beneficial to the multiple advantages such as edible mushrooms takes root,

Fluid bed fast pyrolysis device is utilized to carry out the process of differing temps to mulberry tree wood chip, and then adopt pressed disc method sweep measuring on Bruker infrared spectrometer, draw the content feature for the treatment of of different temperature mulberry Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen and hemicellulose, result is as follows:

Along with the rising of temperature, the content of hemicellulose reduces gradually, the less stable of hemicellulose is described, namely pyrolysis is there is at 240 DEG C, and along with the rising of temperature, pyrolytic reaction is aggravated, and content of cellulose raises with the rising of temperature of reaction, 300 DEG C is start to reduce, and illustrates 300 DEG C of beginning pyrolysis.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the dead meals such as common fresh fish, meat of living, abandon contaminate environment, the present invention utilizes bicarbonate of ammonia and peat and straw and fresh fish dead meal, and mixed-stacking rots, and produces humic acid material, mixing cotton seed hulls prepares a kind of substratum of bisporous mushroom, add tarragon etc., the alkaloid wherein contained and biologically active substance simultaneously, be conducive to the substratum nutrition of preparation more comprehensively, improve bacterium mushroom resistance, improve nutritive value.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

A kind of humic acid bisporous mushroom substratum, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): mulberry 40,7% dilution heat of sulfuric acid 65, quartz sand 12, rice straw 60, tarragon 20, peat 15, bicarbonate of ammonia 6, cotton seed hulls 80, mulberry leaves 10, fresh fish dead meal 25, unslaked lime 5, kaolin 15 and appropriate water;

A preparation method for humic acid bisporous mushroom substratum, is characterized in that, comprises following step:

(1) by peeling mulberry by cutting and grinding growths × wide=8 ~ 12cm × 6 ~ 8cm, thickness is no more than the wood chip shape of 1.2cm, puts into the container filling 7% dilution heat of sulfuric acid, is heated to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, maintenance 4 ~ 5h;

(2) wood chip of (1) gained is dried, then retort furnace is put in unification, be filled with nitrogen and add quartz sand, heating charing is carried out with oxygen free condition, slowly be heated to 450 DEG C, then insulation effect 4 ~ 6h, puts into enough water boilings and removes charing impurity, obtain required modification mulberry sheet by wood chip after completing;

(3) mix tarragon, mulberry leaves, fresh fish dead meal and other following remaining component do not related to after tentatively being pulverized by rice straw, add water to water content 40 ~ 45%, stirring and evenly mixing, pile up under wet environment and rot for 10 ~ 15 days;

(4) (3) gained material is carried out sterilizing, be then milled to homogenate, the mulberry sheet added described in (2) carries out boiling 30 ~ 40min, finally dries into scoriform;

(5) mixed with cotton seed hulls by (4) gained scoriform material, adjustment water content 60 ~ 70%, pH is 7 ~ 8, be laid on bacterium bed, thickness 24 ~ 28cm, namely can be used for after completing inoculating cultivar.

Use a kind of humic acid bisporous mushroom substratum of the present invention for the planting experiment of bisporous mushroom, adopt the long 33 ~ 55cm of bag, the Plastic film Bag of wide 20 ~ 30cm carries out the filling bag of substratum, substratum is pressed the raw material of invention after corresponding steps process, load 3/5 place in bag, experimental group adopts substratum of the present invention, control group uses conventional medium, routine servicing is all identical with management, result shows: the bisporous mushroom growing way of experimental group and everyway better than control group, strengthen bisporous mushroom resistance, improve output, simultaneously the disease and pest of bisporous mushroom and necrosis phenomena greatly reduce, substratum sanitary, realize economy steadily to rise.

Claims (2)

1. a humic acid bisporous mushroom substratum, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: mulberry 35 ~ 40,7% dilution heat of sulfuric acid 60 ~ 80, quartz sand 10 ~ 16, rice straw 60 ~ 80, tarragon 20 ~ 25, peat 10 ~ 15, bicarbonate of ammonia 5 ~ 6, cotton seed hulls 80 ~ 100, mulberry leaves 10 ~ 14, fresh fish dead meal 20 ~ 25, unslaked lime 5 ~ 8, kaolin 15 ~ 20 and appropriate water.

2. the preparation method of a kind of humic acid bisporous mushroom substratum according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise following step:

(1) by peeling mulberry by cutting and grinding growths × wide=8 ~ 12cm × 6 ~ 8cm, thickness is no more than the wood chip shape of 1.2cm, puts into the container filling 7% dilution heat of sulfuric acid, is heated to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, maintenance 4 ~ 5h;

(2) wood chip of (1) gained is dried, then retort furnace is put in unification, be filled with nitrogen and add quartz sand, heating charing is carried out with oxygen free condition, slowly be heated to 450 DEG C, then insulation effect 4 ~ 6h, puts into enough water boilings and removes charing impurity, obtain required modification mulberry sheet by wood chip after completing;

(3) mix tarragon, mulberry leaves, fresh fish dead meal and other following remaining component do not related to after tentatively being pulverized by rice straw, add water to water content 40 ~ 45%, stirring and evenly mixing, pile up under wet environment and rot for 10 ~ 15 days;

(4) (3) gained material is carried out sterilizing, be then milled to homogenate, the mulberry sheet added described in (2) carries out boiling 30 ~ 40min, finally dries into scoriform;

(5) mixed with cotton seed hulls by (4) gained scoriform material, adjustment water content 60 ~ 70%, pH is 7 ~ 8, be laid on bacterium bed, thickness 24 ~ 28cm, namely can be used for after completing inoculating cultivar.