CN105993604A - Method for culturing straw rotting edible fungi by utilizing energy straw biogas residues - Google Patents
Method for culturing straw rotting edible fungi by utilizing energy straw biogas residues Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for culturing straw rotting edible fungi by utilizing energy straw biogas residues. The energy straw biogas residues and fresh energy straws are simultaneously adopted to culture the straw rotting edible fungi so as to achieve efficient utilization of the energy straw biogas residues and the energy straws, reduce the discharge of energy straw biogas fermentation waste, improve the economic benefits of a biogas project and meanwhile increase raw material sources of the straw rotting edible fungi. The method fully utilizes the characteristic of rich nutritional ingredients of the fresh energy straws, makes the yield of the straw rotting edible fungi improved by 10%-30% compared with conventional raw materials, a production cycle is shortened by 3-5 days, and the economic benefits of the energy straw biogas project are remarkably increased. In addition, raw materials of energy straw biogas residues and the fresh energy straws are sufficient, and the method facilitates achievement of large-scale production of the straw rotting edible fungi.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to utilization of agricultural resources utilization field, relate to cultivating method for edible fungi, be specifically related to a kind of method utilizing the energy grass biogas residue rotten edible fungi of cultivation grass.
Background technology
Energy grass includes annual or perennial, high wood fibre cellulose content, high yield, the draft energy-source plant of high photosynthesis efficiency, is the huge energy-source plant of potentiality to be exploited, it has also become one of primary raw material of biogas engineering.Biogas residue after energy grass biogas fermentation is directly discharged in environment at present, or simple development becomes fertilizer, and economic benefit is the highest.
The rotten edible fungi of grass refers to the edible fungi cultivated with herbaceous plant for primary raw material; including Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer.; Coprinus comatus; Agaricus blazei Murrill etc.; its cultivation at present is based on cotton seed hulls, corn cob, the conventional agricultural raw material such as cotton skin, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, sawdust, wheat straw, Chinese medicine slag, rice husk, bean stalk powder, bagasse, megasse, sorghum husk; these raw materials are because wood fibre cellulose content is low, nutritional labeling is not enough, and raw material output is low, it is difficult to meet the demand of batch production, large-scale production.
CN
The comprehensive cyclic utilization method of 103752588 A(energy grass) method that relates to energy grass biogas residue culturing edible fungus, but the method is only with energy grass biogas residue as primary raw material, and energy grass biogas residue nutritional labeling is not enough, it is difficult to increase substantially the productivity of edible fungi.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to utilize energy grass biogas residue and fresh energy grass to use the packed method rotten edible fungi of cultivation grass for planting material, realize the efficient utilization of energy grass biogas residue and energy grass, reduce the discharge of energy grass biogas fermentation garbage, improve the economic benefit of biogas engineering, widen the raw material sources of the rotten edible fungi of grass simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of method utilizing the energy grass biogas residue rotten edible fungi of cultivation grass, comprises the following steps:
(1) trophophase of gathering is the fresh energy grass of 3 ~ 8 months, be directly crushed to 0.5 ~ 5 centimetre energy grass coarse powder, then the energy grass coarse powder of 20 ~ 50% is dried to moisture 10 ~ 30wt%, then be crushed to less than 0.5 centimetre obtain energy grass fine powder;
(2) by step (1) gained energy grass coarse powder after ensiling or not ensiling, carry out biogas fermentation, 25 ~ 35 days or 50 DEG C ~ 58 DEG C fermentations of 33 ~ 42 DEG C of fermentations 12 ~ 16 days, obtain biogas residue and biogas liquid mixture;
(3) the biogas residue and biogas liquid mixture obtained in step (2) is passed through solid-liquid separation, obtain energy grass biogas residue and energy grass biogas slurry;
(4) the energy grass biogas residue that step (3) separates is dried to moisture content 60 ~ 85wt%, is piled into 1 ~ 3 meter of high stacking, middle every 30 ~ 50 centimetres of jacks, pore size 3 ~ 8 centimetres, covers with plastic foil, opens plastic sheeting every day 1 ~ 3 time, each 10 ~ 60 minutes, pile up 15 ~ 30 days time;
(5) the energy grass biogas slurry that step (3) separates is carried out aeration, by weight, Sal 5 ~ 10 parts, glucose or sucrose 5 ~ 10 parts, 1 ~ 3 part of carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2 ~ 0.8 part are added in 1600 ~ 2000 parts of clear water, boil 30 ~ 60 minutes, seal after cooling and preserve, it is proportionally added into the energy grass biogas slurry 100 ~ 150 parts after aeration before using, regulates pH
6.8 ~ 8.5, obtain careless rotten edible fungus culturing nutritional solution;
(6) by weight, by step (4) energy grass biogas residue 30 ~ 48 parts, step (1) gained energy grass fine powder 42 ~ 68 parts, Testa Tritici or 0 ~ 12 part of Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum powder or 0.8 ~ 2.2 part of mix homogeneously of pulverized limestone after piling up, the grass rotten edible fungus culturing nutritional solution regulation water content 55 ~ 70wt% prepared by step (5), it is 6.0 ~ 9.2 with lime water regulation pH, obtains careless rotten culture medium of edible fungus;
(7) by the pack of step (6) gained grass corruption culture medium of edible fungus or bottling, sterilizing, the rotten edible fungus species of inoculation grass, technical controlling temperature, humidity and illumination cultivation grass corruption hypha of edible fungus and fruiting routinely;
(8), after the rotten edible mushroom of grass 3 ~ 5 days, when cap basically forms, to rotten culture medium of edible fungus surface sprinkling step (5) the gained grass corruption edible fungus culturing nutritional solution of grass, every square metre of rotten culture medium of edible fungus of grass sprays the rotten edible fungus culturing nutritional solution consumption of grass and is
0.1 ~ 0.3 kilogram;
(9) grass rotten fruit body of edible fungi growth, ripe, gather;
(10) after the rotten fruit body of edible fungi of grass is gathered, every 4 ~ 8 days, the rotten edible fungus culturing nutritional solution of grass that next tide mushroom is prepared to rotten culture medium of edible fungus surface sprinkling step (5) of grass after growing again, every square metre of rotten culture medium of edible fungus of grass sprays the rotten edible fungus culturing nutritional solution 0.5 ~ 0.8 kilogram of grass, by the clear water rotten culture medium of edible fungus water content of regulation grass to 55 ~ 70wt%;
(11) the second tide mushroom can be obtained according to step (8) ~ (9), continue to repeat step (10), (8) and (9), the three to five tide mushroom can be obtained.
Described energy grass is hybrid pennisetum, thin stem hybridization wolf tail, purple grassiness, dwarf elephant grass, red grassiness, grassiness, Sugarcane grass, Jujun grasses, Pennisetum hydridum, Taiwan Herba Hedyotis cantonensis, Sorghum propinquum, sugar grass, Arundo donax, phragmites communis, Plantula Neyraudiae Reynaudianae, Radix sacchari arundinacei, those special grass, arabian cron, American pennisetum alopecuroides, Gui Mu, Nan Mu, platform agriculture, Fujian is herded, imperatoria, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f, Dicranopteris amplachinget Chiu, Arundinella hirta (Thunb.) Tanaka, Plantula Neyraudiae Reynaudianae, silagecorn, Herba Cymbopogonis Citrari, Spartina alterniflora, Value of Spartina Anglica, switchgrass, one or more in S. spontaneum.
The rotten edible fungi of described grass includes the one in Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer., Coprinus comatus and Agaricus blazei Murrill.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:The present invention had both taken full advantage of the advantage of energy grass biogas residue height lignocellulose, take full advantage of again the feature of fresh energy grass rich in nutrition content, the more conventional raw material of productivity making the rotten edible fungi of grass improves 10% ~ 30%, production cycle shortens 3 ~ 5 days, and the economic benefit of energy grass biogas engineering is greatly improved.Energy grass biogas residue and fresh energy grass raw material are sufficient, are beneficial to realize the large-scale production of the rotten edible fungi of grass.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited only to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method utilizing grassiness biogas residue cultivating straw mushroom, comprises the following steps:
(1) trophophase of gathering is the fresh grassiness of 4 months, be directly crushed to 2 ~ 5 centimetres grassiness coarse powder, then the coarse powder grassiness of 40% is dried to moisture 14wt%, then be crushed to less than 0.5 centimetre obtain grassiness fine powder;
(2) by step (1) gained grassiness coarse powder through ensiling, carrying out biogas fermentation, 37 DEG C ferment 35 days, obtain biogas residue and biogas liquid mixture;
(3) the biogas residue and biogas liquid mixture obtained in step (2) is passed through solid-liquid separation, obtain grassiness biogas residue and grassiness biogas slurry;
(4) being dried the grassiness biogas residue that step (3) separates to moisture content 85wt%, be piled into 2.5 meters of high stackings, centre, every 50 centimetres of jacks, pore size 6 centimetres, covers with plastic foil, opens plastic sheeting every day 3 times, each 60 minutes, piles up 30 days time;
(5) the grassiness biogas slurry that step (3) separates is carried out aeration, by weight, Sal 8 kilograms, glucose 10 kilograms, 3 kilograms of carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.8 kilogram are added in 2000 kilograms of clear water, boil 50 minutes, seal after cooling and preserve, it is proportionally added into the grassiness biogas slurry 150 kilograms after aeration before using, regulates pH
6.8, obtain Volvaria volvacea cultivation nutritional solution;
(6) by weight, by step (4) through accumulation after grassiness biogas residue 300 kilograms, step (1) gained grassiness fine powder 600 kilograms, 50 kilograms of Testa Tritici, 20 kilograms of mix homogeneously of Gypsum Fibrosum powder, Volvaria volvacea cultivation nutritional solution regulation water content 60wt% prepared by step (5), it is 8.4 with lime water regulation pH, obtains Volvaria volvacea cultivation material;
(7) step (6) gained Volvaria volvacea cultivation material is packed, sterilizing, inoculate Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer. strain, routinely technical controlling temperature, humidity and illumination cultivation Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer. mycelia and fruiting;
(8), after Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer. fruiting 5 days, when cap basically forms, to Volvaria volvacea cultivation material surface sprinkling step (5) gained Volvaria volvacea cultivation nutritional solution, it is 0.3 kilogram that every square metre of Volvaria volvacea cultivation material sprays Volvaria volvacea cultivation nutritional solution consumption;
(9) Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer. sporophore growth, maturation, gather;
(10) after Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer. sporophore is gathered, every 4 days, the Volvaria volvacea cultivation nutritional solution that next tide mushroom is prepared to Volvaria volvacea cultivation material surface sprinkling step (5) after growing again, every square metre of Volvaria volvacea cultivation material sprays Volvaria volvacea cultivation nutritional solution 0.8 kilogram, by clear water regulation planting material water content to 60wt%;
(11) the second tide mushroom can be obtained according to step (8) ~ (9), continue to repeat step (10), (8) and (9), the 3rd tide mushroom can be obtained.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method utilizing the Jujun grasses biogas residue rotten edible fungi of cultivation grass, comprises the following steps:
(1) trophophase of gathering is the fresh Jujun grasses of 3 months, be directly crushed to 1 ~ 5 centimetre energy grass coarse powder, then the Jujun grasses coarse powder of 30% is dried to moisture 16%wt, then be crushed to less than 0.5 centimetre obtain Jujun grasses fine powder;
(2) by step (1) gained Jujun grasses coarse powder through ensiling, carrying out biogas fermentation, 55 DEG C ferment 15 days, obtain biogas residue and biogas liquid mixture;
(3) the biogas residue and biogas liquid mixture obtained in step (2) is passed through solid-liquid separation, obtain Jujun grasses biogas residue and Jujun grasses biogas slurry;
(4) being dried the Jujun grasses biogas residue that step (3) separates to moisture content 60wt%, be piled into 1 meter of high stacking, centre, every 30 centimetres of jacks, pore size 3 centimetres, covers with plastic foil, opens plastic sheeting every day 2 times, each 30 minutes, piles up 20 days time;
(5) the Jujun grasses biogas slurry that step (3) separates is carried out aeration, by weight, Sal 5 kilograms, sucrose 5 kilograms, 1 kilogram of carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2 kilogram are added in 1600 kilograms of parts of clear water, boil 30 minutes, seal after cooling and preserve, it is proportionally added into the Jujun grasses biogas slurry double centner after aeration before using, regulates pH
8.5, obtain cultivating chicken leg mushroom nutritional solution;
(6) by weight, by step (4) through accumulation after Jujun grasses biogas residue 480 kilograms, step (1) gained Jujun grasses fine powder 680 kilograms, 8 kilograms of mix homogeneously of pulverized limestone, cultivating chicken leg mushroom nutritional solution regulation water content 55wt% prepared by step (5), it is 6.0 with lime water regulation pH, obtains cultivating chicken leg mushroom material;
(7) by the pack of step (6) gained cultivating chicken leg mushroom material or bottling, sterilizing, strain of coprinus comatus, routinely technical controlling temperature, humidity and illumination cultivation shaggy mane mycelium and fruiting are inoculated;
(8), after Coprinus comatus fruiting 4 days, when cap basically forms, to cultivating chicken leg mushroom material surface sprinkling step (5) gained cultivating chicken leg mushroom nutritional solution, it is 0.1 kilogram that every square metre of cultivating chicken leg mushroom material sprays cultivating chicken leg mushroom nutritional solution consumption;
(9) Coprinus comatus sporophore growth, maturation, gather;
(10) after Coprinus comatus sporophore is gathered, every 8 days, the cultivating chicken leg mushroom nutritional solution that next tide mushroom is prepared to cultivating chicken leg mushroom material surface sprinkling step (5) after growing again, every square metre of cultivating chicken leg mushroom material sprays cultivating chicken leg mushroom nutritional solution 0.5 kilogram, by clear water regulation planting material water content to 55wt%;
(11) the second tide mushroom can be obtained according to step (8) ~ (9), continue to repeat step (10), (8) and (9), the three to five tide mushroom can be obtained.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method utilizing the hybrid pennisetum biogas residue rotten edible fungi of cultivation grass, comprises the following steps:
(1) gather the Fresh hybridization Herba penniseti that trophophase is 6 months, be directly crushed to 3 ~ 5 centimetres hybrid pennisetum coarse powder, then the hybrid pennisetum coarse powder of 50% is dried to moisture 16wt%, then is crushed to less than 0.5 centimetre and obtains hybrid pennisetum fine powder;
(2) by step (1) gained hybrid pennisetum coarse powder after ensiling, carrying out biogas fermentation, 42 DEG C ferment 25 days, obtain biogas residue and biogas liquid mixture;
(3) the biogas residue and biogas liquid mixture obtained in step (2) is passed through solid-liquid separation, obtain hybrid pennisetum biogas residue and hybrid pennisetum biogas slurry;
(4) the hybrid pennisetum biogas residue that step (3) separates is dried to moisture content 75wt%, is piled into 3 meters of high stackings, middle every 50 centimetres of jacks, pore size 8 centimetres, covers with plastic foil, opens plastic sheeting every day 3 times, each 40 minutes, pile up 30 days time;
(5) the hybrid pennisetum biogas slurry that step (3) separates is carried out aeration, by weight, Sal 10 kilograms, sucrose 8 kilograms, 2 kilograms of carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.6 kilogram are added in 1800 kilograms of clear water, boil 45 minutes, seal after cooling and preserve, it is proportionally added into the hybrid pennisetum biogas slurry 120 kilograms after aeration before using, regulates pH
7.2, obtain Agaricus blazei Murrill cultivating nutrient solution;
(6) by weight, by step (4) through accumulation after 400 parts of parts of hybrid pennisetum biogas residue, step (1) gained hybrid pennisetum fine powder 550 kilograms, 60 kilograms of Testa oryzae, 15 kilograms of part mix homogeneously of Gypsum Fibrosum powder, Agaricus blazei Murrill nutritional solution regulation water content 60wt% prepared by step (5), it is 9.2 with lime water regulation pH, obtains Agaricus blazei Murrill planting material;
(7) by the pack of step (6) gained Agaricus blazei Murrill planting material or bottling, sterilizing, Agaricus blazei, routinely technical controlling temperature, humidity and illumination cultivation Agaricus blazei Murrill mycelia and fruiting are inoculated;
(8), after Agaricus blazei Murrill fruiting 5 days, when cap basically forms, to Agaricus blazei Murrill planting material surface sprinkling step (5) gained Agaricus blazei Murrill cultivating nutrient solution, it is 0.2 kilogram that every square metre of Agaricus blazei Murrill planting material sprays Agaricus blazei Murrill cultivating nutrient solution consumption;
(9) Agaricus blazei Murrill sporophore growth, maturation, gather;
(10) after Agaricus blazei Murrill sporophore is gathered, every 6 days, the Agaricus blazei Murrill cultivating nutrient solution that next tide mushroom is prepared to Agaricus blazei Murrill planting material surface sprinkling step (5) after growing again, every square metre of Agaricus blazei Murrill planting material sprays Agaricus blazei Murrill cultivating nutrient solution 0.8 kilogram, by clear water regulation Agaricus blazei Murrill planting material water content to 65wt%;
(11) the second tide mushroom can be obtained according to step (8) ~ (9), continue to repeat step (10), (8) and (9), the three to five tide mushroom can be obtained.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all impartial changes done according to scope of the present invention patent and modification, all should belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the method utilizing the energy grass biogas residue rotten edible fungi of cultivation grass, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) trophophase of gathering is the fresh energy grass of 3 ~ 8 months, be directly crushed to 0.5 ~ 5 centimetre energy grass coarse powder, then the energy grass coarse powder of 20 ~ 50% is dried to moisture 10 ~ 30wt%, then be crushed to less than 0.5 centimetre obtain energy grass fine powder;
(2) by step (1) gained energy grass coarse powder after ensiling or not ensiling, carry out biogas fermentation, 25 ~ 35 days or 50 DEG C ~ 58 DEG C fermentations of 33 ~ 42 DEG C of fermentations 12 ~ 16 days, obtain biogas residue and biogas liquid mixture;
(3) the biogas residue and biogas liquid mixture obtained in step (2) is passed through solid-liquid separation, obtain energy grass biogas residue and energy grass biogas slurry;
(4) the energy grass biogas residue that step (3) separates is dried to moisture content 60 ~ 85wt%, is piled into 1 ~ 3 meter of high stacking, middle every 30 ~ 50 centimetres of jacks, pore size 3 ~ 8 centimetres, covers with plastic foil, opens plastic sheeting every day 1 ~ 3 time, each 10 ~ 60 minutes, pile up 15 ~ 30 days time;
(5) the energy grass biogas slurry that step (3) separates is carried out aeration, by weight, Sal 5 ~ 10 parts, glucose or sucrose 5 ~ 10 parts, 1 ~ 3 part of carbamide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2 ~ 0.8 part are added in 1600 ~ 2000 parts of clear water, boil 30 ~ 60 minutes, seal after cooling and preserve, it is proportionally added into the energy grass biogas slurry 100 ~ 150 parts after aeration before using, regulates pH 6.8 ~ 8.5, obtain careless rotten edible fungus culturing nutritional solution;
(6) by weight, by step (4) energy grass biogas residue 30 ~ 48 parts, step (1) gained energy grass fine powder 42 ~ 68 parts, Testa Tritici or 0 ~ 12 part of Testa oryzae, Gypsum Fibrosum powder or 0.8 ~ 2.2 part of mix homogeneously of pulverized limestone after piling up, the grass rotten edible fungus culturing nutritional solution regulation water content 55 ~ 70wt% prepared by step (5), it is 6.0 ~ 9.2 with lime water regulation pH, obtains careless rotten culture medium of edible fungus;
(7) by the pack of step (6) gained grass corruption culture medium of edible fungus or bottling, sterilizing, the rotten edible fungus species of inoculation grass, technical controlling temperature, humidity and illumination cultivation grass corruption hypha of edible fungus and fruiting routinely;
(8), after the rotten edible mushroom of grass 3 ~ 5 days, when cap basically forms, to rotten culture medium of edible fungus surface sprinkling step (5) the gained grass corruption edible fungus culturing nutritional solution of grass, every square metre of rotten culture medium of edible fungus of grass sprays the rotten edible fungus culturing nutritional solution consumption of grass and is
0.1 ~ 0.3 kilogram;
(9) grass rotten fruit body of edible fungi growth, ripe, gather;
(10) after the rotten fruit body of edible fungi of grass is gathered, every 4 ~ 8 days, the rotten edible fungus culturing nutritional solution of grass that next tide mushroom is prepared to rotten culture medium of edible fungus surface sprinkling step (5) of grass after growing again, every square metre of rotten culture medium of edible fungus of grass sprays the rotten edible fungus culturing nutritional solution 0.5 ~ 0.8 kilogram of grass, by the clear water rotten culture medium of edible fungus water content of regulation grass to 55 ~ 70wt%;
(11) the second tide mushroom can be obtained according to step (8) ~ (9), continue to repeat step (10), (8) and (9), the three to five tide mushroom can be obtained.
2.
A kind of method utilizing the energy grass biogas residue rotten edible fungi of cultivation grass according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described energy grass is hybrid pennisetum, thin stem hybridization wolf tail, purple grassiness, dwarf elephant grass, red grassiness, grassiness, Sugarcane grass, Jujun grasses, Pennisetum hydridum, Taiwan Herba Hedyotis cantonensis, Sorghum propinquum, sugar grass, Arundo donax, phragmites communis, Plantula Neyraudiae Reynaudianae, Radix sacchari arundinacei, those special grass, arabian cron, American pennisetum alopecuroides, Gui Mu, Nan Mu, platform agriculture, Fujian is herded, imperatoria, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Maxim) Benth et Hook f, Dicranopteris amplachinget Chiu, Arundinella hirta (Thunb.) Tanaka, Plantula Neyraudiae Reynaudianae, silagecorn, Herba Cymbopogonis Citrari, Spartina alterniflora, Value of Spartina Anglica, switchgrass, one or more in S. spontaneum.
A kind of method utilizing the energy grass biogas residue rotten edible fungi of cultivation grass the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rotten edible fungi of described grass includes the one in Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer., Coprinus comatus and Agaricus blazei Murrill.
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CN110651660A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-07 | 黄晟语 | Method for cultivating edible fungi by using honeysuckle |
CN112931045A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-11 | 王鹏 | Culture medium suitable for culturing various fungal mycelia and preparation method thereof |
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