CN105075820A - Method for planting dendrobium officinale by adopting tilt-type seedbed - Google Patents
Method for planting dendrobium officinale by adopting tilt-type seedbed Download PDFInfo
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- CN105075820A CN105075820A CN201510396758.6A CN201510396758A CN105075820A CN 105075820 A CN105075820 A CN 105075820A CN 201510396758 A CN201510396758 A CN 201510396758A CN 105075820 A CN105075820 A CN 105075820A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
- A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/48—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure containing foam or presenting a foam structure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for panting dendrobium officinale by adopting a tilt-type seedbed, which comprises steps of building a dendrobium officinale planting greenhouse, preparing cultivation substrate, transplanting tissue cultured seedlings, managing water and fertilizer and harvesting dendrobium officinale. According to the invention, hydrophily polyurethane foam is used as the cultivation substrate, so the problems of poor breathability and water-retaining performances during the process of planting and cultivating the polyurethane foam tissue cultured seedlings; at the same time, the tilt-type seedbed are utilized, so the excess nutrient solution can be collected and reused conveniently; the tilt-type seedbed is the first choice; the nutrient solution used in the invention is added with a small amount of selenium, thus facilitating to improving selenium content in dendrobium officinale and increasing economic value of dendrobium officinale.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method adopting tilting seedbed to plant the method for dendrobium candidum.
Background technology
Dendrobium candidum, also known as ribbed hedyotis herb, is the perennial herbaceous plant that grows nonparasitically upon another plant of the orchid family Dendrobium.It is gained the name because epidermis is iron green; be a kind of Wild Medicinal of preciousness, belong to national secondary national key protected plant, have the laudatory title of " the celestial grass of China ", " in medicine gold "; first of row " Chinese nine immortal grass ", be called " medicine circle giant panda " by international medicinal plant circle.Modern medicine study shows, the Main Ingredients and Appearance of dendrobium candidum is dendrobium polysaccharide, dendrobine, dendrophnol, dendramine, amino acid, also has special luxuriant and rich with fragrance class, bibenzyl anti-cancer principle.Its effect is mainly manifested in effect of nourishing Yin and clearing heat, nourishing the stomach to improve the production of body fluid, tonifying kidney and benefiting sperm, has enhancing immune function of human body, prevents and treats the effect of infantile tumour.In the overhanging cliff that dendrobium officinale is mainly distributed in the ground high mountains such as Anhui on the south the Qinling Mountains, Huaihe River, Zhejiang, cloud, expensive, river in China and rock crevice, habitat is unique, very strict to climate requirements.For many years, commodity dendrobium candidum mainly relies on Wild Medicinal Dendrobium Plants, along with the increase year by year of deepening continuously of developing of medicinal dendrobium candidum and domestic and international demand, China's Wild Medicinal Dendrobium Plants has suffered heavy damage, and some area even faces exhaustion.People start to carry out the technical research such as family kind cultivation, high-yield culturing to the wild plant of dendrobium candidum gradually thus.
The propagation technique of current dendrobium candidum is mainly tissue cultures, is become the effective way solving seedling problem by the quick amount reproduction candidum tissue culturing seedling of tissue cultures.The traditional transplanting method of dendrobium candidum is on soil, first dug a kind planting-line, again at kind of a planting-line upper berth sandstone, repave the matrix of applicable Growth of Dendrobium candidum, because this kind of planting-line is not easy to reach the condition of the ventilated and semi-wet of plantation matrix required by Growth of Dendrobium candidum, cause transplanting survival rate very low.
Chinese patent publication No. CN102356748A, date of publication on February 22nd, 2012, disclose a kind of method of planting dendrobium candidum through imitating wild hanging trees, step is as follows: select mouthful diameter to be the plastic flowerpot of 12 ~ 15cm, plant upper 3 ~ 5cm dendrobium candidum domestication seedling, under the matrix of flowerpot, 50% is wood fragments block, 50% is wood chip mixture above, to the flowerpot hanging of upper dendrobium candidum be planted on tree blue or green all the year round, conventional nutrient liquid and water are executed to dendrobium candidum domestication seedling, around the tree root that green grass or young crops is set all the year round, spills lime.The flowerpot of cultivation of dendrobium officinale is hung in the tree by this invention, solves the problem of dendrobium candidum root system air permeability, but is directly hung in the tree by cultivation tray, water loss is fast, need often to water, and the method operation is more difficult, is inconvenient to water, apply fertilizer and gather.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, mainly for the problem of root gas permeability and poor water retention property in candidum tissue culturing seedling field planting cultivation, provides a kind of gas permeability and the moisture capacity that can not only increase dendrobium candidum root, and can also reclaim the implantation methods of unnecessary nutrient solution.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method adopting tilting seedbed to plant the method for dendrobium candidum, comprises the steps:
(1) booth construction: the wide 10 ~ 12m of booth, high 4 ~ 6m, long 25 ~ 35m, laying the sunshade net of one deck shade density 70 ~ 80% higher than 1 ~ 2m place, booth top, in booth, the sunshade net of one deck shade density 70 ~ 80% is laid at liftoff 2.5 ~ 3m place;
(2) cultivation matrix prepares: the hydrophilic polyurethane foam selecting 10 ~ 12cm thick is as cultivation matrix, hydrophilic polyurethane foam is after cutting, opening field planting hole, 1 ~ 2h is soaked with nutrient solution, then be placed on the pallet in tilting seedbed, pallet inclination angle, described tilting seedbed is 10 ° ~ 15 °, be provided with some equally spaced blend stops in pallet lower end, below blend stop, the position corresponding with pallet be provided with liquid recovery;
(3) transplant: candidum tissue culturing seedling is transplanted front clear water and washed 2 ~ 3 times, with 80% mancozeb wettable powder, 600 times of liquid cleanings 1 ~ 2 time, dry root moisture, then transplant in field planting hole;
(4) water and fertilizer management: water spray number of times is 4 ~ 5 days 1 ~ March 1 time, and 3 ~ 4 days 4 ~ June 1 time, 1 ~ 2 day 7 ~ September 1 time, 4 ~ 5 days 10 ~ December 1 time, spray water 12 ~ 15s at every turn; In transplanting after 15 ~ 20 days, every circumferential foliage-spray one time of nutrition liquid, nutrient solution consumption is 0.5 ~ 0.8kg/m
2, sprayed a fertilizer every 1 month, Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 1.8 ~ 2.4kg/m
2;
(5) gather: dendrobium candidum plantation 2-3 can gather.
Hydrophilic polyurethane foam is in traditional polyurethane foam, introduces hydrophilic radical to improve water suction, the water retaining function of foam.In the synthesis of polyurethane foam, the water absorption of foam can be controlled by adjustment formula rate, thus control the proportion of composing of foam solid, gas, water in use.The present invention is according to Growth of Dendrobium candidum habit, in conjunction with the characteristic of hydrophilic polyurethane foam, adopt hydrophilic polyurethane foam as the cultivation matrix of dendrobium candidum, efficiently solve in candidum tissue culturing seedling field planting cultivation, the problem of root gas permeability and poor water retention property, seedbed adopts tilting seedbed simultaneously, is convenient to unnecessary nutrient solution centralized recovery, recycling, this implantation methods has higher economic worth.
As preferably, described step (2) field planting hole pitch-row is 8cm × 10 ~ 12cm by field planting seeding row spacing, hole depth 2 ~ 3cm.Dendrobium candidum is adapted at growing in the environment of breathing freely, and density is too large, and field planting hole is too dark, is all unfavorable for the growth of dendrobium candidum.
As preferably, component and the concentration of described nutrient solution are respectively: potassium sulfate 0.25 ~ 0.35g/L, urea 0.22 ~ 0.26g/L, ammonium sulfate 0.03 ~ 0.06g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.08 ~ 0.12g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.18 ~ 0.22g/L, boric acid 0.005 ~ 0.008g/L, zinc sulphate 0.0003 ~ 0.0005g/L, manganese sulphate 0.0002 ~ 0.0003g/L, copper sulphate 0.0002 ~ 0.0003g/L, sodium selenite 0.05 ~ 0.08g/L.The nutrient solution that the present invention uses contains a small amount of selenium element, is conducive to the Se content improving dendrobium candidum, thus increases the economic worth of dendrobium candidum.
As preferably, described fertilizer is by the cattle and sheep excrement of 50 ~ 60 weight portions, the rice straw powder of 20 ~ 25 weight portions, the rubsen cake of 10 ~ 15 weight portions, after the ramulus mori powder of 5 ~ 10 weight portions and the water of 20 ~ 30 weight portions mix, spontaneous fermentation 3 ~ 4 months at 50 ~ 60 DEG C, drying, pulverize, sieve after gained.The nutrient solution that the present invention uses, balanced in nutrition, not only meet the normal nutritional need of dendrobium candidum, but also containing a small amount of selenium element, be conducive to the Se content improving dendrobium candidum, thus increase the economic worth of dendrobium candidum.
As preferably, 1:800 ~ 1200 are soluble in water in mass ratio carries out foliage-spray for described fertilizer.Carry out foliage-spray after fertilizer is water-soluble, can fertilizer efficiency be given full play to, improve the availability of fertilizer.
As preferably, described hydrophilic polyurethane foam is prepared by the following method:
(1) by the polyether triol of 110 ~ 120 weight portions, the glycerine of 10 ~ 15 weight portions, the water of 8 ~ 15 weight portions, the pore-creating agent GK-350D of 2.2 ~ 3.2 weight portions, the foam stabiliser AK6689 of 1 ~ 2 weight portion, after the catalysts for polyurethanes A-33 high speed agitator of 0.3 ~ 0.5 weight portion stirs, add the toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) of 45 ~ 55 weight portions, after continuing stirring 20 ~ 25s, pour rapidly in mould the 40 ~ 50s that foams into, blowing temperature is 65 ~ 70 DEG C;
(2), after having foamed, at 75 ~ 85 DEG C, slaking 2.5 ~ 3h, is cooled to room temperature, obtains polyurethane foam plastics;
(3) by the polyurethane foam plastics that obtains after the sulfuric acid solution of 30 ~ 35 DEG C soaks, wash post-drying, obtain hydrophilic polyurethane foam.
The hydrophilic polyurethane foam adopting the method to prepare is compared with regular-type foam, and percent opening increases greatly, and water suction, water retaining function strengthen, and good permeability, is suitable as the cultivation matrix of dendrobium candidum very much.
As preferably, described high speed agitator rotating speed is 2000 ~ 2800r/min.Mixing speed is comparatively large to polyurethane foam pore size influences, and speed is excessive, and foam aperture is tiny, and mixing speed is too little, then aperture is too bad and exist and steep phenomenon.
As preferably, described sulfuric acid solution mass fraction is 10.5 ~ 15%, and soak time is 25 ~ 35min.Polyurethane foam soak time in sulfuric acid solution is short, and pore membrane breaks few, and percent opening is low, and soak time is long, then foamy body is poor.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) the present invention adopts hydrophilic polyurethane foam as the cultivation matrix of dendrobium candidum, efficiently solve the problem of root gas permeability and bad hydraulic permeability in candidum tissue culturing seedling field planting cultivation; (2) with the addition of a small amount of selenium element in the nutrient solution that the present invention uses, the Se content of dendrobium candidum can be improved, increase the economic worth of dendrobium candidum; (3) the present invention adopts tilting seedbed, is convenient to unnecessary nutrient solution centralized recovery, recycling.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention uses tilting seedbed to plant the schematic diagram of dendrobium candidum;
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation in the tilting seedbed that the present invention uses.
In figure: 1-pallet, 2-cultivation matrix, 3-liquid recovery, 4-blend stop, 5-sidebar, 6-dendrobium candidum seedling
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
In embodiment, polyether triol manufacturer is Jinan Hai Yuan Chemical Co., Ltd., pore-creating agent GK-350D manufacturer is Shanghai Gaoqiao petrochemical corporation (complex), foam stabiliser AK6689 manufacturer is Nanjing Dymatic Shichuang Chemical Co., Ltd., catalysts for polyurethanes is A-33 manufacturer is Shanghai Xin Dian chemical material Co., Ltd, production of toluene diisocyanate producer is that Chemical Co., Ltd. is proficient in Guangzhou, and other reagent are Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Sinopharm Group and produce.
Fig. 1 is that the present invention uses tilting seedbed to plant the schematic diagram of dendrobium candidum, and Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation in the tilting seedbed that the present invention uses.As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, pallet 1 inclination alpha is 10 ° ~ 15 °, cultivation matrix 2 is placed on pallet 1, the lower end of pallet 1 is provided with 2 shelves bars 4, to prevent cultivation matrix 2 from landing pallet 1, be provided with sidebar 5 in pallet 1 both sides, to prevent unnecessary water, nutrient solution flows to ground, and below blend stop, the position corresponding with pallet 1 be provided with liquid recovery 3.The cultivation matrix 2 that the present invention adopts is hydrophilic polyurethane foam, dendrobium candidum seedling 6 is planted on hydrophilic polyurethane foam, when spraying water, nutrient solution, unnecessary water, nutrient solution can by the pallets 1 tilted, in influent accumulator tank 3, this design facilitates unnecessary water, nutrient solution recycling.
Embodiment 1
Adopt tilting seedbed to plant a method for the method for dendrobium candidum, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) booth construction: the wide 10m of booth, high 4m, long 25m, laying the sunshade net of one deck shade density 70% higher than 1m place, booth top, in booth, the sunshade net of one deck shade density 70% is laid at liftoff 2.5m place.
(2) cultivation matrix prepares: the hydrophilic polyurethane foam selecting 10cm thick is as cultivation matrix, hydrophilic polyurethane foam is after cutting, opening field planting hole, 1h is soaked with nutrient solution, then be assemblied on tilting seedbed, pallet inclination angle, tilting seedbed is 10 °, and pallet both sides are provided with sidebar, 2 blend stops are provided with in pallet lower end, below blend stop, the position corresponding with pallet be provided with liquid recovery, and field planting hole pitch-row is 8cm × 10cm, hole depth 2cm by field planting seeding row spacing.
Nutrient solution by potassium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, iron sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulphate, manganese sulphate, copper sulphate, sodium selenite forms, and its concentration is respectively: potassium sulfate 0.25g/L, urea 0.22g/L, ammonium sulfate 0.03g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.08g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.18g/L, boric acid 0.005g/L, zinc sulphate 0.0003g/L, manganese sulphate 0.0002g/L, copper sulphate 0.0002g/L, sodium selenite 0.05g/L.
(3) transplant: candidum tissue culturing seedling is transplanted front clear water and washed 2 times, then cleans 1 time with 80% mancozeb wettable powder, 600 times of liquid, dries root moisture, prevents butt rot, then transplant in field planting hole.
(4) water and fertilizer management: water spray number of times is 4 days 1 ~ March 1 time, and 3 days 4 ~ June 1 time, 1 day 7 ~ September 1 time, 4 days 10 ~ December 1 time, spray water 12s at every turn; In transplanting after 15 days, every circumferential foliage-spray one time of nutrition liquid, nutrient solution consumption is 0.5kg/m
2, sprayed a fertilizer every 1 month, Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 1.8kg/m
2.
The fertilizer sprayed by the cattle and sheep excrement of 50 weight portions, the rice straw powder of 20 weight portions, the rubsen cake of 10 weight portions, after the ramulus mori powder of 5 weight portions and the water of 20 weight portions mix, spontaneous fermentation 3 months at 50 DEG C, drying, pulverize, sieve after gained.After fertilizer uses front first 1:800 in mass ratio water-soluble, then carry out foliage-spray.
(5) gather: dendrobium candidum is planted and can be gathered for 2 years.
The preparation method of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam that the present embodiment uses is as follows:
(1) by the polyether triol of 110 weight portions, the glycerine of 10 weight portions, the water of 8 weight portions, the pore-creating agent GK-350D of 2.2 weight portions, the foam stabiliser AK6689 of 1 weight portion, after the catalysts for polyurethanes A-33 of 0.3 weight portion stirs with the rotating speed of 2000r/min, add the toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) of 45 weight portions, after stirring 20s with the rotating speed of 2000r/min, pour rapidly in mould the 40s that foams into, blowing temperature is 65 DEG C;
(2), after having foamed, at 75 DEG C, slaking 2.5h, is cooled to room temperature, obtains polyurethane foam plastics;
(3) polyurethane foam plastics obtained being placed in 30 DEG C of mass fractions is the sulfuric acid solution of 10.5%, after soaking 25min, washes post-drying, obtains hydrophilic polyurethane foam.
Embodiment 2
Adopt tilting seedbed to plant a method for the method for dendrobium candidum, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) booth construction: the wide 11m of booth, high 5m, long 30m, laying the sunshade net of one deck shade density 75% higher than 1.5m place, booth top, in booth, the sunshade net of one deck shade density 75% is laid at liftoff 2.5m place.
(2) cultivation matrix prepares: the hydrophilic polyurethane foam selecting 11cm thick is as cultivation matrix, hydrophilic polyurethane foam is after cutting, opening field planting hole, 1.5h is soaked with nutrient solution, then be assemblied on tilting seedbed, pallet inclination angle, tilting seedbed is 12 °, pallet both sides are provided with sidebar, equally spaced 3 blend stops are provided with in pallet lower end, below blend stop, the position corresponding with pallet be provided with liquid recovery, field planting hole pitch-row is 8cm × 11cm, hole depth 2.5cm by field planting seeding row spacing.
Nutrient solution by potassium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, iron sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulphate, manganese sulphate, copper sulphate, sodium selenite forms, and its concentration is respectively: potassium sulfate 0.30g/L, urea 0.24g/L, ammonium sulfate 0.04g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.10g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.20g/L, boric acid 0.006g/L, zinc sulphate 0.0004g/L, manganese sulphate 0.0002g/L, copper sulphate 0.0002g/L, sodium selenite 0.06g/L.
(3) transplant: candidum tissue culturing seedling is transplanted front clear water and washed 2 times, then cleans 1 time with 80% mancozeb wettable powder, 600 times of liquid, dries root moisture, prevents butt rot, then transplant in field planting hole.
(4) water and fertilizer management: water spray number of times is 5 days 1 ~ March 1 time, and 3 days 4 ~ June 1 time, 1 day 7 ~ September 1 time, 5 days 10 ~ December 1 time, spray water 13s at every turn; In transplanting after 18 days, every circumferential foliage-spray one time of nutrition liquid, nutrient solution consumption is 0.6kg/m
2, sprayed a fertilizer every 1 month, Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 2kg/m
2.
The fertilizer sprayed by the cattle and sheep excrement of 55 weight portions, the rice straw powder of 23 weight portions, the rubsen cake of 12 weight portions, after the ramulus mori powder of 8 weight portions and the water of 25 weight portions mix, spontaneous fermentation 3 months at 55 DEG C, drying, pulverize, sieve after gained.After fertilizer uses front first 1:1000 in mass ratio water-soluble, then carry out foliage-spray.
(5) gather: dendrobium candidum is planted and can be gathered for 2.5 years.
The preparation method of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam that the present embodiment uses is as follows:
(1) by the polyether triol of 115 weight portions, the glycerine of 12 weight portions, the water of 10 weight portions, the pore-creating agent GK-350D of 2.6 weight portions, the foam stabiliser AK6689 of 1.5 weight portions, after the catalysts for polyurethanes A-33 of 0.4 weight portion stirs with the rotating speed of 2500r/min, add the toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) of 50 weight portions, after stirring 22s with the rotating speed of 2500r/min, pour rapidly in mould the 45s that foams into, blowing temperature is 68 DEG C;
(2), after having foamed, at 80 DEG C, slaking 3h, is cooled to room temperature, obtains polyurethane foam plastics;
(3) polyurethane foam plastics obtained being placed in 32 DEG C of mass fractions is the sulfuric acid solution of 12%, after soaking 30min, washes post-drying, obtains hydrophilic polyurethane foam.
Embodiment 3
Adopt tilting seedbed to plant a method for the method for dendrobium candidum, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) booth construction: the wide 12m of booth, high 6m, long 35m, laying the sunshade net of one deck shade density 80% higher than 2m place, booth top, in booth, the sunshade net of one deck shade density 80% is laid at liftoff 3m place.
(2) cultivation matrix prepares: the hydrophilic polyurethane foam selecting 12cm thick is as cultivation matrix, hydrophilic polyurethane foam is after cutting, opening field planting hole, 2h is soaked with nutrient solution, then be assemblied on tilting seedbed, pallet inclination angle, tilting seedbed is 15 °, and pallet both sides are provided with sidebar, equally spaced 5 blend stops are provided with in pallet lower end, below pallet, the position corresponding with pallet be provided with liquid recovery, and field planting hole pitch-row is 8cm × 12cm, hole depth 3cm by field planting seeding row spacing.
Nutrient solution by potassium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, iron sulfate, boric acid, zinc sulphate, manganese sulphate, copper sulphate, sodium selenite forms, and its concentration is respectively: potassium sulfate 0.35g/L, urea 0.26g/L, ammonium sulfate 0.06g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.12g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.22g/L, boric acid 0.008g/L, zinc sulphate 0.0005g/L, manganese sulphate 0.0003g/L, copper sulphate 0.0003g/L, sodium selenite 0.08g/L.
(3) transplant: candidum tissue culturing seedling is transplanted front clear water and washed 3 times, then cleans 2 times with 80% mancozeb wettable powder, 600 times of liquid, dries root moisture, prevents butt rot, then transplant in field planting hole.
(4) water and fertilizer management: water spray number of times is 5 days 1 ~ March 1 time, and 4 days 4 ~ June 1 time, 1 day 7 ~ September 1 time, 5 days 10 ~ December 1 time, spray water 15s at every turn; In transplanting after 20 days, every circumferential foliage-spray one time of nutrition liquid, nutrient solution consumption is 0.8kg/m
2, sprayed a fertilizer every 1 month, Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 2.4kg/m
2.
The fertilizer sprayed is by the cattle and sheep excrement of 60 weight portions, the rice straw powder of 25 weight portions, the rubsen cake of 15 weight portions, after the ramulus mori powder of 10 weight portions and the water of 30 weight portions mix, spontaneous fermentation 4 months at 60 DEG C, drying, pulverize, sieve after gained.After fertilizer uses front first 1:1200 in mass ratio water-soluble, then carry out foliage-spray.
(5) gather: dendrobium candidum is planted and can be gathered for about 3 years.
The preparation method of the hydrophilic polyurethane foam that the present embodiment uses is as follows:
(1) by the polyether triol of 120 weight portions, the glycerine of 15 weight portions, the water of 15 weight portions, the pore-creating agent GK-350D of 3.2 weight portions, the foam stabiliser AK6689 of 2 weight portions, after the catalysts for polyurethanes A-33 of 0.5 weight portion stirs with the rotating speed of 2800r/min, add the toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) of 55 weight portions, after stirring 25s with the rotating speed of 2800r/min, pour rapidly in mould the 50s that foams into, blowing temperature is 70 DEG C;
(2), after having foamed, at 85 DEG C, slaking 3h, is cooled to room temperature, obtains polyurethane foam plastics;
(3) polyurethane foam plastics obtained being placed in 35 DEG C of mass fractions is the sulfuric acid solution of 15%, after soaking 35min, washes post-drying, obtains hydrophilic polyurethane foam.
According to GB5009.93-2010 " mensuration of selenium in food ", measure 50 strains gather after the mean value of dendrobium candidum Se content be about 0.5mg/kg.
Adopt the dendrobium candidum of the present invention's plantation, damage by disease and insect is few, and seedling percent is more than 97%, and water, fertile consumption reduce 30%, have high financial profit, planting cost low, popularize the feature such as easily.
Claims (8)
1. adopt tilting seedbed to plant a method for dendrobium candidum, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) booth construction: the wide 10 ~ 12m of booth, high 4 ~ 6m, long 25 ~ 35m, laying the sunshade net of one deck shade density 70 ~ 80% higher than 1 ~ 2m place, booth top, in booth, the sunshade net of one deck shade density 70 ~ 80% is laid at liftoff 2.5 ~ 3m place;
(2) cultivation matrix prepares: the hydrophilic polyurethane foam selecting 10 ~ 12cm thick is as cultivation matrix, hydrophilic polyurethane foam is after cutting, opening field planting hole, 1 ~ 2h is soaked with nutrient solution, then be placed on the pallet in tilting seedbed, pallet inclination angle, described tilting seedbed is 10 ° ~ 15 °, be provided with some equally spaced blend stops in pallet lower end, below blend stop, the position corresponding with pallet be provided with liquid recovery;
(3) transplant: candidum tissue culturing seedling is transplanted front clear water and washed 2 ~ 3 times, with 80% mancozeb wettable powder, 600 times of liquid cleanings 1 ~ 2 time, dry root moisture, then transplant in field planting hole;
(4) water and fertilizer management: water spray number of times is 4 ~ 5 days 1 ~ March 1 time, and 3 ~ 4 days 4 ~ June 1 time, 1 ~ 2 day 7 ~ September 1 time, 4 ~ 5 days 10 ~ December 1 time, spray water 12 ~ 15s at every turn; In transplanting after 15 ~ 20 days, every circumferential foliage-spray one time of nutrition liquid, nutrient solution consumption is 0.5 ~ 0.8kg/m
2, sprayed a fertilizer every 1 month, Rate of Organic Fertilizer is 1.8 ~ 2.4kg/m
2;
(5) gather: dendrobium candidum plantation 2-3 can gather.
2. a kind of method adopting tilting seedbed to plant dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (2) field planting hole pitch-row is 8cm × 10 ~ 12cm by field planting seeding row spacing, hole depth 2 ~ 3cm.
3. a kind of method adopting tilting seedbed to plant dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, component and the concentration of described nutrient solution are respectively: potassium sulfate 0.25 ~ 0.35g/L, urea 0.22 ~ 0.26g/L, ammonium sulfate 0.03 ~ 0.06g/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.08 ~ 0.12g/L, magnesium sulfate 0.18 ~ 0.22g/L, boric acid 0.005 ~ 0.008g/L, zinc sulphate 0.0003 ~ 0.0005g/L, manganese sulphate 0.0002 ~ 0.0003g/L, copper sulphate 0.0002 ~ 0.0003g/L, sodium selenite 0.05 ~ 0.08g/L.
4. a kind of method adopting tilting seedbed to plant dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fertilizer is by the cattle and sheep excrement of 50 ~ 60 weight portions, the rice straw powder of 20 ~ 25 weight portions, the rubsen cake of 10 ~ 15 weight portions, after the ramulus mori powder of 5 ~ 10 weight portions and the water of 20 ~ 30 weight portions mix, spontaneous fermentation 3 ~ 4 months at 50 ~ 60 DEG C, drying, pulverize, sieve after gained.
5. the method for dendrobium candidum is planted in a kind of tilting seedbed that adopts according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, 1:800 ~ 1200 are soluble in water in mass ratio carries out foliage-spray for described fertilizer.
6. a kind of method adopting tilting seedbed to plant dendrobium candidum according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described hydrophilic polyurethane foam is prepared by the following method:
(1) by the polyether triol of 110 ~ 120 weight portions, the glycerine of 10 ~ 15 weight portions, the water of 8 ~ 15 weight portions, the pore-creating agent GK-350D of 2.2 ~ 3.2 weight portions, the foam stabiliser AK6689 of 1 ~ 2 weight portion, after the catalysts for polyurethanes A-33 high speed agitator of 0.3 ~ 0.5 weight portion stirs, add the toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) of 45 ~ 55 weight portions, after continuing stirring 20 ~ 25s, pour rapidly in mould the 40 ~ 50s that foams into, blowing temperature is 65 ~ 70 DEG C;
(2), after having foamed, at 75 ~ 85 DEG C, slaking 2.5 ~ 3h, is cooled to room temperature, obtains polyurethane foam plastics;
(3) by the polyurethane foam plastics that obtains after the sulfuric acid solution of 30 ~ 35 DEG C soaks, wash post-drying, obtain hydrophilic polyurethane foam.
7. a kind of method adopting tilting seedbed to plant dendrobium candidum according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described high speed agitator rotating speed is 2000 ~ 2800r/min.
8. a kind of method adopting tilting seedbed to plant dendrobium candidum according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described sulfuric acid solution mass fraction is 10.5 ~ 15%, and soak time is 25 ~ 35min.
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