CN105052682A - Atomizing regulation and control method for fruit expanding process in arid region and atomizing irrigation device - Google Patents
Atomizing regulation and control method for fruit expanding process in arid region and atomizing irrigation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105052682A CN105052682A CN201510636265.5A CN201510636265A CN105052682A CN 105052682 A CN105052682 A CN 105052682A CN 201510636265 A CN201510636265 A CN 201510636265A CN 105052682 A CN105052682 A CN 105052682A
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- fruit
- atomizing
- hollow billet
- trunk
- bridge
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- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000345998 Calamus manan Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012950 rattan cane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 description 11
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 3
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000000560 Citrus x paradisi Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007338 photosynthetic acclimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
Abstract
The invention relates to an atomizing regulation and control method for a fruit expanding process in an arid region. A lever bracket used for suspending an atomizing irrigation device is arranged in a fruit garden and positioned at the parts, which are on two sides of a trunk and are above canopy leaves; the distance from the lever bracket to the trunk is 100-150cm; a capillary tube is paved on the lever bracket; the distance from the capillary tube to the trunk is 100-150cm; the capillary tube is connected with atomizing spray heads by virtue of a hose, and the atomizing spray heads are suspended on the capillary tube; the distance between every two adjacent spray heads is 200-300cm; the capillary tube is connected to a branch pipe of a fruit garden drip irrigation system; the branch pipe is provided with a valve for controlling the capillary tube; during a fruit expanding process, the valve is opened from 12 o'clock to 16 o'clock each day and is closed after being opened for 1-3 hours. The atomizing regulation and control method is capable of achieving the effects of adjusting the humidity of the fruit garden and reducing the ground surface temperature so as to reduce the damages on fruit growth due to dry hot wind, improving the light energy utilization efficiency and improving the yield of fruit trees. The invention further relates to an atomizing irrigation device for the method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water-saving irrigation technique field, be specifically related to a kind of atomizing regulate and control method for arid biogeographic zone fruit expanding period, also relate to a kind of atomizing irrigation rig.
Background technology
Turpan-Hami Basin, Xinjiang (i.e. Turpan, Xinjiang and Hami Prefecture) belongs to Extremely arid area, annual sunshine is 2957.7-3122.8 hour, >=10 DEG C of annual accumution are 4525.5-5548.9 DEG C, produce for grape and provide good sunlight-heat reaources, become the grape production base that China is famous, as the characteristic pillar industry of locality, wine-growing accounts for 80.3% of the gross area, becomes the Main Economic source of increasing peasant income.But, at the crucial phenological stage that vintage is formed, namely the fruit grain expanding stage between June to July, maximum temperature reaches more than 45 DEG C, and extreme arid climate environment is subject to the impact of dry-hot wind, and transpiration effect is strengthened, water balance imbalance in body, photosynthesis is obstructed or goes to pot, and organic matter transformation is not normal, causes great impact to vintage.In the key period that vintage is formed, cause the most of the time in grape one day to have impact on photosynthesis in " afternoon nap " due to high temperature, the local sunlight-heat reaources enriched really is not fully used.
After vineyard adopts drip irrigation technique, more traditional ditch irrigation technology, change water consumpation cyclic process, due to the moistening feature in drip irrigation local, in vineyard, ground evaporation quantity reduces, and causes the humidity under grape trellis significantly to reduce, and high temperature makes the moist heat under its frame drier in addition, very easily by the impact of dry-hot wind, drip irrigation vintage is caused to decline.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the impact of arid climate on fruit expanding period, propose a kind of atomizing regulate and control method and atomizing device, the method and device, by regulation and control orchard moist heat, reduce temperature and improve humidity, preventing the harm that dry-hot wind causes fruit growth; Meanwhile, during atomizing regulation and control, reduce fruit tree " afternoon nap " time, improve optical energy utilization efficiency, reach the object of synergy for fruit tree.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of atomizing regulate and control method for arid biogeographic zone fruit expanding period, the mist nozzle be connected with irrigation system is set in orchard, make described shower nozzle be positioned at the position of more than influences of plant crown blade, described shower nozzle is opened during Fruit in 4 hours sections of maximum temperature every day.
Further, described atomizing regulate and control method specifically comprises the steps:
(1) for raw lignicolous fruit, arrange the bridge for hanging atomizing irrigation rig in orchard, described bridge is positioned at trunk both sides and more than canopy leaves position; For the fruit of growth on rattan, carry frame because having, then this step can skip, and directly enters next step;
(2) for raw lignicolous fruit, bridge lays hollow billet, and described hollow billet is positioned at trunk both sides; For the fruit of growth on rattan, frame is laid the hollow billet be intervally arranged;
(3) described hollow billet is connected by flexible pipe and the mist nozzle hung, described shower nozzle is positioned at the position of more than canopy leaves;
(4) described hollow billet is connected on the arm of orchard drip irrigation system, described arm is equiped with the valve controlling hollow billet;
(5) in fruit expanding period, every day, valve opening was closed after 1 ~ 2 hour in 12:00 ~ 16:00 Open valve.
Further, for raw lignicolous fruit, described bridge is 100 ~ 150cm from trunk distance, and described hollow billet is 100 ~ 150cm from trunk distance; For the fruit of growth on rattan, the spacing between adjacent two hollow billets is 200 ~ 300cm; Spacing between adjacent two shower nozzles is 200 ~ 300cm.
Further, in step (5), every day, valve opening was closed after 1 hour in 15:30 ~ 16:00 Open valve.
A kind of atomizing irrigation rig for arid biogeographic zone fruit expanding period, comprise hollow billet, flexible pipe, mist nozzle, for raw lignicolous fruit, also comprise bridge, described bridge is positioned at trunk both sides and more than canopy leaves position, and described bridge is 100 ~ 150cm from trunk distance; For raw lignicolous fruit, described hollow billet interval is layed on bridge, and described hollow billet is positioned at trunk both sides and distance from trunk is 100 ~ 150cm; For the fruit be grown on rattan, described hollow billet is layed on frame, and described capillary pipe spacing is 200 ~ 300cm; Described mist nozzle hangs on hollow billet by flexible pipe interval, and described shower nozzle is positioned at the position of more than canopy leaves, and the spacing between adjacent two shower nozzles is 200 ~ 300cm; Described hollow billet is connected on the arm of orchard drip irrigation system by valve.
The invention has the advantages that: by adopting atomizing regulate and control method and atomizing irrigation rig at Tree Fruit expanding stage, the effect play and regulate orchard humidity, reducing surface temperature, to reduce the harm of dry-hot wind to fruit growth, improve the utilization ratio of luminous energy, improve output of the fruit tree.
Accompanying drawing illustrates: concrete structure of the present invention is provided by following drawings and Examples:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of atomizing irrigation rig;
Fig. 2 is the generalized section of atomizing irrigation rig;
Fig. 3 is temperature changing process figure between the 6-8 month in 2014 of vineyard;
Fig. 4 is grape photosynthetic acclimation procedure chart;
Fig. 5 is temperature diurnal variation comparison diagram below grape trellis;
Fig. 6 is humidity diurnal variation comparison diagram below grape trellis;
Fig. 7 is vintage comparison diagram.
Legend: 1. hollow billet, 2. frame, 3. flexible pipe, 4. mist nozzle, 5. hack lever.
Embodiment: the present invention by the restriction of following embodiment, can not determine concrete embodiment according to technical scheme of the present invention and actual conditions.
Embodiment: a kind of atomizing irrigation rig for arid biogeographic zone fruit expanding period, for raw lignicolous fruit, as shown in Figure 1, comprise hollow billet 1, flexible pipe 3, mist nozzle 4 and bridge 5, bridge 5 is positioned at trunk both sides and more than canopy leaves position, and bridge 5 is 100 ~ 150cm from trunk distance; Hollow billet 1 is layed on bridge 5, and hollow billet 1 is positioned at trunk both sides and distance from trunk is 100 ~ 150cm, and mist nozzle 4 hangs on hollow billet 1 by flexible pipe 3, and shower nozzle 4 is positioned at the position of more than canopy leaves, and the spacing between adjacent two shower nozzles 4 is 200 ~ 300cm; Hollow billet 1 is connected on the arm of orchard drip irrigation system by valve.
For the fruit be grown on rattan, as shown in Figure 2, comprise hollow billet 1, flexible pipe 3, mist nozzle 4, hollow billet 1 is layed in orchard and carries on frame 2, and hollow billet 1 spacing is 200 ~ 300cm; Mist nozzle 4 hangs on hollow billet 1 by flexible pipe 3, and shower nozzle 4 is positioned at the position of more than canopy leaves, and the spacing between adjacent two shower nozzles 4 is 200 ~ 300cm; Hollow billet 1 is connected on the arm of orchard drip irrigation system by valve.
For an atomizing regulate and control method for arid biogeographic zone fruit expanding period, there are following steps:
(1) for raw lignicolous fruit, arrange the bridge for hanging atomizing irrigation rig in orchard, bridge is positioned at trunk both sides and more than canopy leaves position, and bridge is 100 ~ 150cm from trunk distance; For the fruit of growth on rattan, carry frame because having, then this step can skip, and directly enters next step;
(2) for raw lignicolous fruit, bridge lays hollow billet, and hollow billet is positioned at trunk both sides, and hollow billet is 100 ~ 150cm from trunk distance; For the fruit of growth on rattan, frame lays hollow billet, and the spacing between adjacent two hollow billets is 200 ~ 300cm;
(6) hollow billet connected by flexible pipe and hang mist nozzle, shower nozzle is positioned at the position of more than canopy leaves, and the spacing between adjacent two shower nozzles is 200 ~ 300cm;
(7) hollow billet is connected on the arm of orchard drip irrigation system, arm is equiped with the valve controlling hollow billet;
(8) in fruit expanding period, every day, valve opening was closed after 1 hour in 15:30 ~ 16:00 Open valve.
The present embodiment, for the vineyard under the typical Turpan-Hami Basin, Xinjiang Province Extreme Arid Climate of most, is specifically described the impact that grape expanding stage produces the concrete specification of atomizing irrigation rig and atomizing regulate and control method respectively.
In atomizing irrigation rig, the specification of hollow billet is determined by crop species and cultivation mode, for vineyard, the PE pipe of 20mm or 16mm can be adopted as hollow billet, flexible pipe adopts 4mm flexible pipe, mist nozzle adopts sprayed fiber concrete 200 ~ 300cm, flow is the shower nozzle of 30L/h ~ 40L/h, the height of shower nozzle is overhead 50cm, can be sprayed on frame inside and part crop leaf uniformly to make to pour water, the arm connecting hollow billet adopts the PE pipe of 40mm or 50mm, the straight-through of 20mm is adopted directly to connect between arm and hollow billet, arm pressure of supply water is between 0.06MPa ~ 0.15MPa.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is Turpan, Xinjiang Tie Tier village in 2014 vineyard field experiment measured value, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, between June to July, grape is in the crucial phenophase of yield composition, and during this period in vineyard more than 40 DEG C high temperature can reach 106 days, maximum temperature reaches more than 45 DEG C, in the most plenty of time section of 12:00 ~ 16:00 sunlight, due to the impact by dry-hot wind, transpiration effect is strengthened, water balance imbalance in body, photosynthesis is obstructed or goes to pot, organic matter transformation is not normal, causes great impact to vintage.After adopting atomizing regulate and control method, as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, at grape fruit expanding stage, significantly can reduce the max. daily temperature 3 ~ 5 DEG C under grape trellis, medial humidity improves 23%, improves the output 14% of grape simultaneously.
As can be seen here, atomizing regulate and control method can improve field subenvironment, guarantees the infringement of crop from Catastrophe climate, improves crop yield, and synergistic effect is obvious, is applicable to apply at Extremely arid area.
The present invention is the improvement in traditional drip irrigation irrigation technique application; it can reduce on the basis of moisture loss in drip irrigation; hazard weather application atomizing water spray for special Province Extreme Arid Climate and dry-hot wind directly reduces temperature and increases humidity; thus field subenvironment is improved; its objective is the impact of cover crop from disaster, ensure the yield composition of crop when fruit expanding period.
Above technical characteristic is only embodiments of the invention, can increase and decrease inessential technical characteristic according to actual needs, meet the needs of different situations.
Claims (5)
1. the atomizing regulate and control method for arid biogeographic zone fruit expanding period, it is characterized in that: the mist nozzle be connected with water system is set in orchard, make described shower nozzle be positioned at the position of more than influences of plant crown blade, described shower nozzle is opened during Fruit in 4 hours sections of maximum temperature every day.
2. atomizing regulate and control method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: specifically comprise the steps:
(1) for raw lignicolous fruit, arrange the bridge for hanging atomizing irrigation rig in orchard, described bridge is positioned at trunk both sides and more than canopy leaves position; For the fruit of growth on rattan, carry frame because having, then this step can skip, and directly enters next step;
(2) for raw lignicolous fruit, bridge lays hollow billet, and described hollow billet is positioned at trunk both sides; For the fruit of growth on rattan, frame is laid the hollow billet be intervally arranged;
Described hollow billet is connected by flexible pipe and hangs the mist nozzle be intervally arranged, described shower nozzle is positioned at the position of more than canopy leaves;
Described hollow billet is connected on the arm of orchard drip irrigation system, described arm is equiped with the valve controlling hollow billet;
In fruit expanding period, every day, valve opening was closed after 1 ~ 2 hour in 12:00 ~ 16:00 Open valve.
3. atomizing regulate and control method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in step (5), every day, valve opening was closed after 1 hour in 15:30 ~ 16:00 Open valve.
4. the atomizing irrigation rig for arid biogeographic zone fruit expanding period, it is characterized in that: comprise hollow billet, flexible pipe, mist nozzle, for raw lignicolous fruit, also comprise bridge, described bridge is positioned at trunk both sides and more than canopy leaves position, and described hollow billet interval is layed on bridge; For the fruit be grown on rattan, described hollow billet interval is layed on frame; Described mist nozzle hangs on hollow billet by flexible pipe interval, and described shower nozzle is positioned at the position of more than canopy leaves; Described hollow billet is connected on the arm of orchard drip irrigation system by valve.
5. atomizing irrigation rig as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: for raw lignicolous fruit, described bridge is 100 ~ 150cm from trunk distance, and described hollow billet is positioned at trunk both sides and distance from trunk is 100 ~ 150cm; For the fruit of growth on rattan, described capillary pipe spacing is 200 ~ 300cm; Spacing between adjacent two shower nozzles is 200 ~ 300cm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510636265.5A CN105052682A (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | Atomizing regulation and control method for fruit expanding process in arid region and atomizing irrigation device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510636265.5A CN105052682A (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | Atomizing regulation and control method for fruit expanding process in arid region and atomizing irrigation device |
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| CN105052682A true CN105052682A (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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| CN201510636265.5A Pending CN105052682A (en) | 2015-09-30 | 2015-09-30 | Atomizing regulation and control method for fruit expanding process in arid region and atomizing irrigation device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105638385A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | Fruit tree hanging and under-tree microspray irrigation system |
| CN107980506A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-04 | 广西农业职业技术学院 | A kind of implantation methods for promoting dragon fruit Fruit |
| CN112385468A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-23 | 新疆水利水电科学研究院 | Device and method for regulating and controlling microclimate of vineyard |
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2015
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105638385A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-06-08 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | Fruit tree hanging and under-tree microspray irrigation system |
| CN105638385B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2019-02-26 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | One planting fruit-trees height is hung and sets lower micro-sprinkler irrigation system |
| CN107980506A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-05-04 | 广西农业职业技术学院 | A kind of implantation methods for promoting dragon fruit Fruit |
| CN112385468A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-23 | 新疆水利水电科学研究院 | Device and method for regulating and controlling microclimate of vineyard |
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Application publication date: 20151118 |
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