CN105043910B - A kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect - Google Patents
A kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect, more particularly to the reciprocal erosion process simulation become under kinetic head effect, the device includes：Domatic seepage inflow erosion mechanism, is formed for the domatic under water of seepage inflow erosion under water；It is reciprocal to become kinetic head water supply mechanism, become kinetic head to domatic offer and control are reciprocal；Change the reciprocal kinetic head operating mode that becomes and carry out contrast test, observe erosion processes, you can obtain affecting laws of the reciprocal seepage flow become under kinetic head effect to the erosion caused by sloping surfaces.Compared with prior art, the present invention provides different types of reciprocal variation seepage flow head, its dynamic process can require self-defined according to user, can the domatic soil particle migration of real-time monitored, the husky amount process of deformation process and the erosion caused by sloping surfaces in experiment, and then analyze the reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces deformation mechanical mechanism under water become under kinetic head effect, implement simple, it is easy to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental rig of simulation water Caused by Sloping Surfaces erosion process, more particularly, to a kind of reciprocal variation water
The erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water under head effect.
Background technology
Engineering circles are it is believed that stable high water head seepage flow is to cause the main cause of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces under water.At the same time,
Also occur a large amount of domatic seepage inflow erosions in Practical Project, its seepage flow gradient is simultaneously little, but its seepage flow head is implicitly present in reciprocal change
Dynamic the characteristics of, this has caused the concern of a large amount of scholars and engineering circles, how to the reciprocal slope under water become under kinetic head effect
Face erosion mechanism is studied, and has become hydraulic engineering, offshore engineering, ocean engineering construction field important class urgently to be resolved hurrily
One of topic.However, also lack the research to the reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces become under kinetic head effect both at home and abroad at present, most experiment
All it is only in the erosion caused by sloping surfaces under water under constant head effect.For domatic invading under being acted on for the head back and forth changed
Erosion is studied, and in the urgent need to being analyzed with reference to indoor model test simple and easy to apply, key technology therein is that how to have
The head that the simulation of effect back and forth changes, not yet finds the report of such analogue means at present.
Chinese patent CN101299306 discloses a kind of seepage flow of water and soil conservation experimental technique-dome flow coupled erosion mistake
The experimental method and seepage apparatus of journey, theoretical according to osmotic control in traditional overland flow erosion experiment technical foundation, application
Head and segmented method of supplying water are determined in classification, and increase can provide and control the device of seepage flow so that discharge water progress overland flow erosion
While experiment, there is the stabilization of the native reclaimed water (infiltrating) of overland flow supply or native reclaimed water supply overland flow (reverse osmosis) on domatic
Seepage flow.The patent reclaimed water flowing water head is not reciprocal changes, it is impossible to which deforming of the slope process under water is studied.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of reciprocal change kinetic head
The experimental rig of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces under water under effect is there is provided different types of reciprocal variation seepage flow head, and its dynamic process can basis
User requires self-defined, in experiment can the domatic soil particle migration of real-time monitored, the husky amount process of deformation process and the erosion caused by sloping surfaces, enter
And the reciprocal deformation mechanical mechanism of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces under water become under kinetic head effect is analyzed, implement simple, easy to operate, main application
Science safeguard procedures domatic under water in the erosion caused by sloping surfaces theoretical research, and engineering under water under back and forth change kinetic head effect
Compliance test result.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect, including：
Domatic seepage inflow erosion mechanism, is formed for the domatic under water of seepage inflow erosion under water；
It is reciprocal to become kinetic head water supply mechanism, become kinetic head to domatic offer and control are reciprocal；
Change reciprocal change kinetic head operating mode and carry out contrast test, observe erosion processes, you can obtain reciprocal variation water
Seepage flow under head effect is to the affecting laws of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces.
The reciprocal change kinetic head water supply mechanism includes permeable antipriming pipe, connection flexible pipe, seepage flow supply tank and exciting component,
It is described to connect the permeable antipriming pipe of soft pipe connection and ooze on the uniform seepage inflow erosion actuator base domatic under water of the permeable antipriming pipe
Water distribution manifold case, during experiment, supplies water, the exciting component is up and down reciprocatingly moved in the water of seepage flow supply tank into seepage flow supply tank
It is dynamic.
The permeable antipriming pipe lateral wall circumference is provided with hole, and outsourcing filter screen.
The exciting component includes excitation vibrator, connecting rod and the water level regulation part being sequentially connected, in excitation vibrator
Driving under, the water level regulation part is moved back and forth up and down in the water of seepage flow supply tank.
The seepage inflow erosion mechanism domatic under water includes the soil bin and slope control plate being obliquely installed, the domatic control
Soil bin is divided into domatic space and the husky space of collection, the domatic space and lays sand gravel pad successively from the bottom to top by making sheet
Layer and the experiment soil body, back and forth become kinetic head water supply mechanism and reciprocal change kinetic head are provided and controlled to sand-gravel cushion.
Also include soil bin bracket and jack, described soil bin bracket one end is provided with rotating shaft, other end connection thousand
Jin top, the seepage inflow erosion mechanism domatic under water is positioned on soil bin bracket.
The top surface of the sand-gravel cushion is levelling with coarse sand, and lays filter screen between the experiment soil body.
Also include the erosion caused by sloping surfaces Ji Sha mechanisms, the collection that the husky space bottom of the collection is communicated with the erosion caused by sloping surfaces Ji Sha mechanisms is husky
Hole, the plate top of the domatic and slope control plate of the experiment soil body is concordant, and the sediment yield on slope in experiment falls into domatic through the husky hole of collection
Corrode Ji Sha mechanisms.
The erosion caused by sloping surfaces Ji Sha mechanisms include sand-collecting cylinder and sand-collecting cylinder bottom valve, described sand-collecting cylinder one end connected set sand hole,
The other end connects sand-collecting cylinder bottom valve, and sand-collecting cylinder side is provided with volume markings line.
It is additionally provided with the husky space of collection in the husky swash plate of funnelform two pieces collection, the husky swash plate bottom alignment collection of two pieces of collection
Sha Kong.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
1) on the basis of traditional test method of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces under water, reciprocal change kinetic head can be provided and control by adding
It is reciprocal to become kinetic head water supply mechanism, the erosion processes under water under reciprocal head effect can be intuitively reproduced, while the domatic soil body
Thickness is identical, and this make it that the leakage slope of erosion test initial time is identical everywhere on domatic, so domatic go up oozing for a bit
It can describe whole domatic than drop thoroughly.Therefore, change the reciprocal kinetic head operating mode that becomes and carry out contrast test, observe the erosion caused by sloping surfaces
Journey, you can obtain affecting laws of the reciprocal seepage flow become under kinetic head effect to the erosion caused by sloping surfaces, and be easy to transformation, it is highly reliable,
Applicability is wide.
2) moved back and forth up and down, easily realized in the water of seepage flow supply tank using excitation vibrator driving water level regulation part
The reciprocal change dynamic characteristic of seepage flow head, simple structure, cost is low, easy to operate, can reproduce the reciprocal water become under kinetic head effect
Caused by Sloping Surfaces corrodes dynamic process, can be applied to the reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces Mechanism Study under water become under kinetic head effect.
3) the erosion caused by sloping surfaces Ji Sha mechanisms survey the erosion sand amount for reading the domatic soil body in real time, it is easy to which quantitative observation is domatic under water to invade
Erosion process, is studied beneficial to the reciprocal deformation mechanical mechanism of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces under water become under kinetic head effect.
4) soil bin bottom sets soil bin bracket, and the soil in soil bin is realized under the effect of jack jacking force
The slope gradient is freely adjusted, convenient to carry out multigroup contrast test.
5) sand-gravel cushion plays the pulsating water pressure in accumulation seepage flow water, buffering seepage flow water supply process so that experiment
The head of soil layer seepage flow bottom boundaries is stable, and filter screen prevents from leaking under the fine sand of top soil body filler into bed course, sand-gravel cushion top
Face can be levelling with coarse sand, laying and the filling of the top soil body beneficial to stainless steel filtering net, so that the simulation of the domatic soil body under water is realized,
The reliable progress of guarantee test.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the husky structural scheme of mechanism of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces collection in the present invention；
Fig. 3 arranges schematic diagram for the seepage flow water supply distribution pipeline being made up of in the present invention permeable antipriming pipe.
In figure：1st, soil bin, 2, experiment soil sample, 3, stainless steel cloth, 4, sand-gravel cushion, 5, slope control plate, 6,
The husky swash plate of collection, 7, permeable antipriming pipe, 8, sand-collecting cylinder, 9, sand-collecting cylinder bottom valve, 10, overflow lip, 11, connection flexible pipe, 12, pressure-measuring pipe,
13rd, seepage flow supply tank, 14, water level regulation part, 15, infiltration flow valve, 16, connecting rod, 17, excitation vibrator, 18, adapter sleeve
Pipe, 19, osmotic control valve, 20, soil bin bracket, 21, rotating shaft, 22, jack, 23, arc-shaped limit plate.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention
Premised on implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
Following embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of reciprocal experimental rig of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces under water become under kinetic head effect includes domatic under water ooze
Stream corrodes mechanism, reciprocal change kinetic head water supply mechanism and the erosion caused by sloping surfaces Ji Sha mechanisms, and specific annexation is as follows：
Domatic seepage inflow erosion mechanism includes soil bin 1 and slope control plate 5 under water, and soil bin 1 is obliquely installed, domatic
Soil bin 1 is divided into two spaces by control panel 5, and side is that, for the domatic domatic space banketed, opposite side is for collecting
The husky space of the collection of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces silt.The experiment soil body 2 is placed in the domatic space of soil bin 1, and the experiment soil body 2 can be scene
Original state fetches earth or fills the soil body by design requirement.Sand-gravel cushion 4 is provided below in the experiment soil body 2, its sand gravel
Particle diameter is 2~10mm, is laid between its top and the slopes experiment soil body 2 and stainless steel cloth is used in a metafiltration net, the present embodiment
3,0.025~0.05mm of screen size, it is therefore an objective to leaked under the fine sand for preventing top soil body filler into sand-gravel cushion 4；For
The clay particle of particle diameter very little, due to stronger cohesive force, the lower leakage influence of clay particle can be neglected.Sand-gravel cushion 4
Top surface can be levelling with coarse sand, laying and the filling of the top soil body beneficial to stainless steel cloth 3.
As shown in Fig. 2 the erosion caused by sloping surfaces Ji Sha mechanisms include sand-collecting cylinder 8 and sand-collecting cylinder bottom valve 9, the husky space bottom of collection is provided with two
Block collection sand swash plate 6 and the husky hole of collection, the husky swash plate 6 of two pieces of collection may be such that the erosion caused by sloping surfaces silt in funnel-form and the husky hole of bottom alignment collection
It is easier to concentrate in together, is provided with connection sleeve pipe 18 in the husky hole of collection of the husky bottom of swash plate 6 of two pieces of collection, sand-collecting cylinder 8 passes through even
Female connector pipe 18 is connected with the husky swash plate 6 of two pieces of collection, and there are volume markings line, the plate top of slope control plate 5 and experiment soil in the side of sand-collecting cylinder 8
Body 2 is domatic to be generally aligned in the same plane, and domatic soil particle can glide in erosion process and cross slope control plate 5, into sand-collecting cylinder 8,
Therefore the erosion caused by sloping surfaces sand amount can be read in real time during erosion test.
Soil bin 1 can be placed in soil bin bracket 20, and the one end of soil bin bracket 20 is provided with rotating shaft 21, the other end
Jack 22 is connected, soil bin bracket 20 is rotated under the effect of the jacking force of jack 22 around rotating shaft 21, so as to realize experiment
The slight slope gradient freely adjusts in soil box 1.The top of jack 22 is constrained in arc-shaped limit plate 23 simultaneously, anti-sliding stop.
The reciprocal kinetic head water supply mechanism that becomes includes permeable antipriming pipe 7, connection flexible pipe 11, seepage flow supply tank 13 and exciting group
Part, permeable antipriming pipe 7 is evenly arranged in sand-gravel cushion 4, its seepage flow is supplied water uniform, the shunting as shown in figure 3, seepage flow supplies water
Pipeline is I-shaped.The permeable diameter of antipriming pipe 7 can use 1.0~3.5cm, be fixed on the bottom of soil bin 1, and in soil bin
3~10cm is stretched out after 1 relevant position perforate, is easy to connect flexible pipe 11, the other end of connection flexible pipe 11 passes through osmotic control valve 19
Connect seepage flow supply tank 13.The permeable side-wall hole of antipriming pipe 7,1~3mm of aperture, 3~6cm of pitch of holes, and outsourcing filter screen, are prevented
Silt enters.The bottom of seepage flow supply tank 13 is communicated with pressure-measuring pipe 12, while being supplied water by oozing out flow valve.Exciting component bag
Excitation vibrator 17, connecting rod 16 and water level regulation part 14 are included, excitation vibrator 17 is through rigid connecting rod 16 and water level regulation part
14 are connected, during water level regulation part 14 is half-water, and water level is moved up and down and back and forth changed by water level regulation part 14, for examination
The acting head for providing and back and forth changing is tested, pumping for water level regulation part 14 is controlled by excitation vibrator 17, it is possible to provide
The forms of motion of sine excitation, pulse excitation and random excitation, its amplitude, frequency are adjustable.
According to experiment demand, the aperture of infiltration flow valve 15 can adjust so that water supply flow is unnecessary slightly larger than infiltration flow
Water will be overflowed from seepage flow supply tank 13.Moving up and down for water level regulation part 14, may be such that the water level in seepage flow supply tank 13 is past
Multiple to change, peak level is flushed with the top of seepage flow supply tank 13, when water level regulation part 14 is put to extreme higher position upwards, seepage flow
Water level in supply tank 13 drops down onto minimum.The seepage flow that seepage flow supply tank 13 is provided back and forth becomes kinetic head, can be directly perceived from pressure-measuring pipe 12
Read, pore pressure gauge can also be buried in sand-gravel cushion 4 and be monitored.Seepage flow back and forth becomes the change amplitude of kinetic head
For water-head △ h in Fig. 1, its average seepage flow head is water-head △ H in Fig. 1.
In the present embodiment, the interior empty size of soil bin 1 includes：(slope length direction) a length of 50cm, a width of 20cm is high
For 80cm.The side of soil bin 1 is transparent toughened glass with bottom plate, is used with providing the shooting in experiment with observation, tempering
Thickness of glass is 10mm.Soil bin 1 sets overflow lip 10 on the side of collection husky space, and process of the test reclaimed water is by overflow lip 10
Outflow.Seepage flow supply tank 13 is interior empty diameter 10cm, height 50cm cylinder, and water level regulation part 14 is diameter 8cm, height 10cm
Cylinder, density of the density close to water.Excitation vibrator 17 drive the in the vertical direction of water level regulation part 14 produce 1cm~
7cm shift reciprocately, achievable seepage flow back and forth becomes the change amplitude of kinetic head up to 2~12cm, and scope can continuously adjustabe, satisfaction
The reciprocal experiment demand for becoming kinetic head.In the tilting procedure of soil bin 1, the horizontal soil face filled in it will gradually become to incline
Tiltedly, until the gradient on slope needed for experiment, 0 °~50 ° of the gradient continuously adjustabe.
The course of work of the present apparatus：
1) regulation jack 22 is until the bottom plate of soil bin 1 fully horizontally, sand gravel pad is laid in the bottom of soil bin 1
Layer 4, filling-up thickness is 7cm, with coarse sand one layer of stainless steel cloth 3 of levelling rear laying, and then layering is banketed, the filling test soil body 2
Length 45cm, thickness 12cm, the experiment top surface of the soil body 2 are slightly above the plate top of slope control plate 5, to offset the experiment saturation mistake of the soil body 2
The sedimentation occurred in journey；
2) sand-collecting cylinder bottom valve 9 is closed, is supplied water at a slow speed to soil bin 1 from connection flexible pipe 11, it is to be tested untill filling it up with
When the water content of the soil body 2 reaches test requirements document saturation degree, you can erode experiment to domatic discharge water, for example saturation can be with after 2 days
Experiment；
3) jack 22 is adjusted at a slow speed, until the slight slope gradient after soil bin 1 is tilted reaches design load；
4) on the basis of the plate top of slope control plate 5, the domatic unnecessary experiment soil body 2 is removed, sand-collecting cylinder bottom valve is then opened
9, the silt in sand-collecting cylinder 8 is discharged, until being clear water in sand-collecting cylinder 8, sand-collecting cylinder bottom valve 9 is closed；
5) osmotic control valve 19 is closed, operation excitation vibrator 17 makes water level regulation part 14 be located at minimum point, supplied to seepage flow
Untill water tank 13 adds water to spilling；
6) vertical position of adjustment seepage flow supply tank 13, until average seepage flow head △ H meet design requirement；
7) open after the excitation power supply of vibrator 17, excited vibration amplitude, frequency parameter needed for setting, start vibration, and together
Shi Kaiqi infiltration flow valves 15 and osmotic control valve 19, regulation infiltration flow valve 15 make water supply flow slightly larger than stream needed for seepage flow
Amount, i.e., during water level regulation part 14 is moved up and down, have a small amount of water and overflowed from seepage flow supply tank 13；
8) moving up and down for water level regulation part 14 will produce the seepage flow head back and forth changed, in the reciprocal change kinetic head effect
The Caused by Sloping Surfaces soil body will be gradually etched, and corroding the silt produced can be slid downwards to sand-collecting cylinder 8, and domatic soil is read so as to survey in real time
The erosion sand amount of body, can also image in experiment and gather domatic soil particle migration, deformation process.
The mechanical mechanism research of the deformation of husky slope erosion under water is that river, coastal waters, seashore and seafloor topography develop inherence
One of important topic of study mechanism, especially tangential current corrode inherent mechanism research urgently with the soil body under seepage flow synergy
Wait to carry out.The present invention proposes a kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect, it is therefore an objective to improve tradition
Seepage flow test device, apply to erosion test domatic under water, and be specially adapted for back and forth becoming under kinetic head effect under water
The erosion caused by sloping surfaces is tested：With encourage vibrator 17 provide it is different types of it is reciprocal change kinetic head power, its dynamic process can according to will
Ask self-defined；Using deformation process domatic under water as information gathering data, reciprocal change kinetic head action characteristic and water are analyzed with this
Mechanical function mechanism and rule between Caused by Sloping Surfaces deformation process.The implementation of the device, is the seepage effect of the erosion caused by sloping surfaces under water
Experiment provides more professional experimental rig, and achievement in research can further improve deforming of the slope procedural theory under water, and can answer
For science protection domatic under water.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect, including：
Domatic seepage inflow erosion mechanism, is formed for the domatic under water of seepage inflow erosion under water；
Characterized in that, also including：
It is reciprocal to become kinetic head water supply mechanism, become kinetic head to domatic offer and control are reciprocal；
Change the reciprocal kinetic head operating mode that becomes and carry out contrast test, observe erosion processes, you can obtain the reciprocal kinetic head that becomes and make
The affecting laws of seepage flow under to the erosion caused by sloping surfaces；
The reciprocal change kinetic head water supply mechanism includes permeable antipriming pipe (7), connection flexible pipe (11), seepage flow supply tank (13) and swashed
Shake component, on the uniform seepage inflow erosion actuator base domatic under water of the permeable antipriming pipe (7), connection flexible pipe (11) connection
Permeable antipriming pipe (7) and seepage flow supply tank (13), during experiment, supply water, the exciting component is oozing to seepage flow supply tank (13) is interior
Moved back and forth up and down in the water of water distribution manifold case (13).
2. a kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect according to claim 1, its feature
It is, permeable antipriming pipe (7) lateral wall circumference is provided with hole, and outsourcing filter screen.
3. a kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the exciting component includes excitation vibrator (17), connecting rod (16) and the water level regulation part (14) being sequentially connected, is swashing
Under the driving for encouraging vibrator (17), the water level regulation part (14) moves back and forth up and down in the water of seepage flow supply tank (13).
4. a kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the seepage inflow erosion mechanism domatic under water includes the soil bin (1) and slope control plate (5) being obliquely installed, the slope
Soil bin (1) is divided into domatic space and the husky space of collection, the domatic space and spread successively from the bottom to top by face control panel (5)
If sand-gravel cushion (4) and the experiment soil body (2), the reciprocal kinetic head water supply mechanism that becomes is provided and controlled past to sand-gravel cushion (4)
Become kinetic head again.
5. a kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect according to claim 1 or 4, it is special
Levy and be, in addition to soil bin bracket (20) and jack (22), described soil bin bracket (20) one end is provided with rotating shaft
(21), other end connection jack (22), the seepage inflow erosion mechanism domatic under water is positioned on soil bin bracket (20).
6. a kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect according to claim 4, its feature
It is, the top surface of the sand-gravel cushion (4) is levelling with coarse sand, and filter screen is laid between the experiment soil body (2).
7. a kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect according to claim 4, its feature
It is, in addition to the erosion caused by sloping surfaces Ji Sha mechanisms, the husky hole of collection that the collection sand space bottom is communicated with the erosion caused by sloping surfaces Ji Sha mechanisms,
Described to test the domatic concordant with slope control plate (5) plate top of the soil body (2), the sediment yield on slope in experiment falls into slope through the husky hole of collection
Ji Sha mechanisms are corroded in face.
8. a kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect according to claim 7, its feature
It is, the erosion caused by sloping surfaces Ji Sha mechanisms include sand-collecting cylinder (8) and sand-collecting cylinder bottom valve (9), described sand-collecting cylinder (8) one end connected set
Sha Kong, other end connection sand-collecting cylinder bottom valve (9), sand-collecting cylinder (8) is provided with volume markings line sideways.
9. a kind of reciprocal the erosion caused by sloping surfaces experimental rig under water become under kinetic head effect according to claim 7, its feature
It is, is additionally provided with the husky space of collection in the husky swash plate (6) of funnelform two pieces collection, described husky swash plate (6) bottom pair of two pieces of collection
The husky hole of quasi- collection.
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| CN105675471A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-06-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Multi-angle diameter-variable type Darcy seepage experiment device |
| CN106644884B (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2019-03-26 | 河海大学 | A kind of varying head generating device |
| CN108061687B (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2020-02-14 | 中南大学 | Geotechnical engineering simulation test platform for researching potential failure surface |
| CN108088787B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-12-10 | 中国农业大学 | simulation device and simulation method for soil erosion of continuous saturated water seepage of slope |
| CN109374491B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2020-12-29 | 中国海洋大学 | Basin device for simulating gravity flow process of sediment supported by seabed liquefaction seepage force |
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