CN107328697B - It is a kind of for coarse grain group or the capillary water rise test instrument of large scale cell cube sample - Google Patents
It is a kind of for coarse grain group or the capillary water rise test instrument of large scale cell cube sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN107328697B CN107328697B CN201710409901.XA CN201710409901A CN107328697B CN 107328697 B CN107328697 B CN 107328697B CN 201710409901 A CN201710409901 A CN 201710409901A CN 107328697 B CN107328697 B CN 107328697B
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- test specimen
- specimen tube
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- foundation trench
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of for coarse grain group or the capillary water rise test instrument of large scale cell cube sample, including foundation trench, replenisher tank, Rose Box, vacuum evacuation device, test specimen tube and test specimen tube fixation kit；Test specimen tube is fixed in foundation trench by test specimen tube fixation kit, and one end of foundation trench connects replenisher tank by water inlet pipe, and the other end of foundation trench connects Rose Box by outlet pipe, and the top of test specimen tube is arranged in vacuum evacuation device；The present invention is based on cell cube specimen cross section size mechanism compatible with coarse granule nominal upper limit particle size, a kind of capillary water rise test instrument is had developed, the coral reef sand work material capillary rise waterborne and speed trial of the coarse grain group suitable for the 30mm of upper limit particle size containing nominal are analyzed；Apparatus structure is simple, easy to operate, and test accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geotechnical engineering field more particularly to a kind of coarse grain groups suitable for the 30mm of upper limit particle size containing nominal
The experiment tester of coral reef sand work material capillary rise and speed waterborne.
Background technique
Currently, the capillary water height and speed of the fine grained soils such as silt fine sand, are directed not only to soil body when water-level fluctuation
Humidity dynamic response and its influence to underground structure guarded drainage, while also in the side such as loess stabilization, Polluted Soil Contaminants Transport
Face is of great significance.Currently, the capillary water rise test in soil medium mainly has vertical tube method and negative head method.The former machine
Simple, intuitive is managed, but the test period is long；The latter belongs to accelerating and loading test scope, but application has limitation.Currently, unsaturated soil
The capillary rise of body is tested, and is mainly used for the experimental study of indoor unit body, is had no correlation test regulation.
As China's builds to foundation engineering scale is promoted, in the construction of the infrastructure engineerings such as harbour, airport, frequently encounter thick
Grain soil fills earth structure correlation engineering problem.In recent years, it in the engineering constructions such as Reef in Chinese South Sea hydraulic reclamation airport, twists to inhale or harrow and inhales coral
Coral clast hydraulic reclamation technique becomes the indispensable earth structure with substitution and fills mode.However, above-mentioned technique and its waterpower hydraulic reclamation
Mode forms place fine grained grain group rich region, and similar to fine silt, there are significant capillary phenomena, and has and be different from it
The notable feature in his region:
1) for waterpower hydraulic reclamation part fine grained rich region there are certain component coarse granule grain group, coarse grain group content is existing to capillary
The influencing mechanism of elephant is analyzed, and can be controlled standard for engineering design and be provided foundation；
2) coral debris surface nature and form capillary influence feature (infiltration and connection inner pore) influencing mechanism, need into
One step discloses；
3) seawater capillary phenomenon may be to the endurance quality of place underground infrastructures (especially reinforced concrete member)
Influence more acute, capillarity effect study is more important.Traditional vertical tube method capillary rise indoor unit body test, it is opposite to contain
The earth working material capillary rise of coarse grain group is tested, and so far there are no, and pertinent literature is reported, also has no correlation test regulation.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, it is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of structure is simple, easy to operate, test accuracy
Height, especially suitable for coarse grain group or the capillary water rise test instrument of large scale cell cube sample.
In order to achieve the above object, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of be directed to coarse grain group or large scale unit
The capillary water rise test instrument of body sample, the tester include foundation trench, replenisher tank, Rose Box, vacuum evacuation device, test specimen tube
With test specimen tube fixation kit；The test specimen tube is fixed in foundation trench by test specimen tube fixation kit, one end of foundation trench by into
Water pipe connects replenisher tank, and the other end of foundation trench connects Rose Box by outlet pipe, and the vacuum evacuation device is arranged in test specimen tube
Top.
Test specimen tube fixation kit of the invention includes positioning permeable pad, and fixed cushion block, upper and lower ring flange and test specimen tube are reinforced
Muscle, the upper flange plate are sleeved on the top of test specimen tube, and the lower flange is sleeved on the bottom of test specimen tube, and described determines
Position is permeable to pad the bottom for being fixedly mounted on foundation trench, and the test specimen tube is vertically mounted on the permeable pad of positioning, the fixed pad
Block is sleeved on the outside for positioning permeable pad, and the upper surface of fixed cushion block is equipped with the permeable gap of multiple recess, the lower flange
Fixed cushion block is fixedly mounted in foundation trench by disk by bolt, is fixedly connected between upper and lower ring flange by test specimen tube reinforcing rib.
Lower flange of the invention is equipped with air hole, and the top connection of the air hole is vented water level pipe, air hole
Lower part is connected to permeable gap；The exhaust water level pipe structure connected by air hole, portion's test specimen tube is in vacuum sealing in the device
When state, the exhaust demand of bottom end permeable padstone when foundation trench water filling may be implemented；It, can in test specimen tube and atmosphere state
Stablize hydrostatic level synchronization dynamic measurement to carry out sample bottom end when capillary rise test.
Vacuum evacuation device of the invention includes air compressor machine, backpressure valve, pressure reducing valve, vacuum tank and air valve, and vacuum tank is equipped with
Triplate line, a connection air valve, a connection are connected to pneumatics with backpressure valve by pressure reducing valve the top of test specimen tube, one
Machine；By vacuum tank and triplate line, pressure condition inside the property of can choose adjusting sample cylinder can carry out normal pressure test,
It can also carry out negative pressure test.
Level sensor and water pump are equipped in replenisher tank of the invention, the level sensor passes through water pump and return pipe
Road is connected to the bottom of Rose Box；Flow valve is equipped between replenisher tank and water inlet pipe；It can be realized by flow valve with control accurate
External Overflow drainage is collected to be fed with flow of inlet water control, be conducive to Rose Box and replenisher tank cycle bleeder supply automatic cycle and
Water stabilization control.
Test specimen tube of the invention is perspex transparent test specimen tube, and the test specimen tube is equipped with graduated scale；By saturating
Sample barrel structure that is bright and having graduated scale, can prepare the rising situation for identifying water level in test specimen tube, accurate observation is blown
Fill out the coral reef sand group of grain containing coarse granule composition characteristic and its significant capillary Engineering Effect.
Inlet and outlet of the invention are movably arranged on foundation trench, and the mounting height of the water inlet is higher than water outlet
Mounting height；By being higher than the water inlet structure of water outlet installation, avoid in foundation trench because direct overflow leads to water surface site
Variation, guarantee the fixed level in foundation trench, while making the water level inside test specimen tube more stable.
The top of test specimen tube of the invention connects vacuum tank by sealing structure, and vacuum is equipped between vacuum tank and test specimen tube
Valve；Test specimen tube inside can selectively be vacuumized by vacuum tank, in the state of vacuumizing, the inside of test specimen tube must be protected
Hold sealing.
The present invention has the advantages that
The comprehensive characteristics proposed by the present invention for containing coarse grain group large scale cell cube sample capillary water rise test instrument are examinations
Sample preparation is simple and convenient to operate flexible, test accuracy and improves, and has good research value and future in engineering applications.
The present invention is based on cell cube specimen cross section size mechanism compatible with coarse granule nominal upper limit particle size, have developed a kind of band
The indoor capillary phenomenon test device of sink mounts is stablized in graduated scale DN150 perspex transparent test specimen tube and overflow, applicable
It is analyzed in the coral reef sand work material capillary rise waterborne and speed trial of the coarse grain group of the 30mm of upper limit particle size containing nominal, and
It can be practiced for the earth structure reclamation work filled similar to Reef in Chinese South Sea, the design considerations of related filler particles control is provided.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the device of the invention structure connection figure；
Fig. 2 is the catenation principle figure of test specimen tube and foundation trench of the invention；
Fig. 3 is capillary water height and the time relationship that 4.75-30cm particle accounts for 60% in the embodiment of the present invention 9
Figure；
Fig. 4 is that 4.75-30cm particle accounts for 60% capillary water height in the embodiment of the present invention 9 and time logarithm closes
System's figure.
Wherein, 1 vacuum tank, 2 air valves, 3 test specimen tube reinforcing ribs, 4 exhaust water level pipes, 5 fixed cushion blocks, the 6 permeable pads of positioning, 7
Ring flange, 8 bolts, 9 anti-filter bed courses, 10 graduated scales, 11 Rose Boxes, 12 flow valves, 13 level sensors, 14 air compressor machines, 15
Backpressure valve, 16 pressure reducing valves, 17 water pumps, 18 water inlets, 19 water outlets, 20 test specimen tubes, 21 replenisher tanks, 22 foundation trenches.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment for explanation with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1: a kind of rise for the capillary water of coarse grain group or large scale cell cube sample as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2 is tried
Instrument is tested, the tester includes foundation trench 22, and replenisher tank 21, Rose Box 11, vacuum evacuation device, test specimen tube 20 and test specimen tube are fixed
Component；The test specimen tube 20 is fixed in foundation trench 22 by test specimen tube fixation kit, and one end of foundation trench 22 passes through water inlet pipe 18
Replenisher tank 21 is connected, the other end of foundation trench 22 connects Rose Box 11 by outlet pipe 19, and the vacuum evacuation device setting is trying
The top of sample cylinder 20.
Test specimen tube fixation kit of the invention includes positioning permeable pad 6, fixed cushion block 5, upper and lower ring flange 7 and test specimen tube
Reinforcing rib 3, the upper flange plate 7 are sleeved on the top of test specimen tube 20, and the lower flange 7 is sleeved on the bottom of test specimen tube 20
Portion, the permeable pad 6 of positioning are fixedly mounted on the bottom of foundation trench 22, and the test specimen tube 20 is vertically mounted on the permeable pad of positioning
On 6, the fixation cushion block 5 is sleeved on the outside for positioning permeable pad 6, and the upper surface of fixed cushion block 5 is equipped with multiple recess
Fixed cushion block 5 is fixedly mounted in foundation trench 22 by permeable gap, the lower flange 7 by bolt 8, upper and lower ring flange 7 it
Between be fixedly connected by test specimen tube reinforcing rib 3.
Embodiment 2: as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, lower flange 7 of the invention is equipped with air hole, and the top of the air hole connects
Run in gas water level pipe 4, and the lower part of air hole is connected to permeable gap；The exhaust water level pipe 4 connected by air hole, in the device portion
When test specimen tube 20 is in vacuum sealing state, the exhaust demand that bottom end when foundation trench 22 fills the water positions permeable pad 6 may be implemented；?
When test specimen tube 20 and atmosphere state, sample bottom end when capillary rise test can be carried out and stablize the survey of hydrostatic level synchronous dynamic
Amount.
Embodiment 3: as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, vacuum evacuation device of the invention includes air compressor machine 14, backpressure valve 15, pressure reducing valve
16, vacuum tank 1 and air valve 2, vacuum tank 1 are equipped with triplate line, and a connection air valve 2, a connection is on the top of test specimen tube 20
Portion, one is connected to air compressor machine 14 with backpressure valve 15 by pressure reducing valve 16；By vacuum tank 1 and triplate line, the property of can choose tune
The pressure condition inside test specimen tube 20 is saved, normal pressure test can be carried out, negative pressure test can also be carried out.
Embodiment 4: as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, being equipped with level sensor 13 and water pump 17 in replenisher tank 21 of the invention, described
Level sensor 13 bottom of Rose Box 11 is connected to by water pump 17 and water return pipeline；Between replenisher tank 21 and water inlet pipe 18
Equipped with flow valve 12；It can realize that external Overflow drainage is collected with control accurate by flow valve 12 and be fed with flow of inlet water control,
Be conducive to Rose Box 11 and 21 cycle bleeder of replenisher tank supply automatic cycle and water stabilization controls.
Embodiment 5: as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, test specimen tube 20 of the invention is perspex transparent test specimen tube, the sample
Cylinder 20 is equipped with graduated scale 10；By sample barrel structure 20 transparent and with graduated scale 10, can prepare to identify examination
The rising situation of water level in sample cylinder 20, the composition characteristic and its significant hair of the accurate observation hydraulic reclamation coral reef sand group of grain containing coarse granule
Thin Engineering Effect.
Embodiment 6: as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, water inlet 18 and water outlet 19 of the invention is movably arranged on foundation trench 22, institute
The mounting height for stating water inlet 18 is higher than the mounting height of water outlet 19；The water inlet structure installed by being higher than water outlet 19
18, it avoids in foundation trench 22 guaranteeing the fixed level in foundation trench 22 because direct overflow leads to the variation of water surface site, making simultaneously
Water level inside test specimen tube 20 is more stable.
Embodiment 7: as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the top of test specimen tube 20 of the invention connects vacuum tank 1 by sealing structure, very
Vacuum valve is equipped between empty van 1 and test specimen tube 20；20 inside selectivity of test specimen tube can be vacuumized, taken out by vacuum tank 1
In the state of vacuum, the inside of test specimen tube 20 must keep sealing.
Embodiment 8: as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, operating procedure of the invention is as follows:
1) prepared by sample, and from natural air drying, loose sand, gravel, gravel by nature soil sample is carried out particle with sieve method
Analysis test, according to the gradation of gravel by nature, ginseng is made into specified grading sample.
In the DN150 10 perspex transparent test specimen tube 20 of scale with a scale of range 1000mm, according to regulation sample
Quality controls the compactness of style by Control Assay height；It can be used and hit reality manually, real sample preparation is hit by surface vibration,
The compactness of style is equally controlled by Control Assay height；Wherein the operations disposition step such as real is hit in sample preparation manually, by specification
It is required that executing；Sample preparation and pretreatment, do not repeat.
2) equipment is installed, first will fixed cushion block 5 (radius 300mm) and permeable pad 6 (radius 150mm) fixed installation of positioning
In the stage of foundation trench 22, then DN150 perspex transparent test specimen tube 20 is installed；Sample preparation is carried out again, and vibratory compaction and processing are made
Gradation coral reef sand (group of grain containing coarse granule) sample is had, vacuum tank 1 is covered and connects air valve 2.Testing experiment is carried out later.
Embodiment 9: as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, in embodiment 8 after the assembly is completed, gradation, the group coral of grain containing coarse granule have been carried out
The test of coral reef sand capillary water height.
1) component assembles: first above the permeable pad 6 of positioning in test specimen tube 20, protecting after spreading three layers of gauze and a filter paper
It demonstrate,proves smooth；Layering is put into sample, gradually carries out smashing shake and compacting, finally on the complete uniform contact surface coarse granule surface in sample top surface
By adding a small amount of fine sand screed-coat, vacuum tank 1, connection atmospheric pressure are covered；External Overflow drainage is collected to be mended with flow of inlet water control
It is remained operational to system.
Capillary water height, which tests initial head, can keep stable；Pass through float ball liquid level sensor 13,12 He of flow valve
Water pump 17 is that external Overflow drainage is collected and flow of inlet water control is fed, and the control of 22 stable level of foundation trench is stablized.
When on top, vacuum tank 1 is with atmosphere state, sample bottom end when can carry out capillary rise test is stablized quiet
Water level synchronization dynamic measurement.
Testing the water flow used can be dyed, and more intuitively show what sample rose in set time point capillary water
Highly.
It tests the water flow used and needs to be added the salinity for completing concentration according to test, simulated seawater infiltrates the coral under environment
Reef sand capillary water rises situation.
It completes initial head automatic control and data acquires preparation.
2) test operation: testing regulations regulation is tested according to capillary water height, is observed on corresponding time inner capillary water
Highly, same plane multi-angle of view reads averaged, formulates reading time interval according to logarithm, is up to capillary water is highly stable
Only.
The height and the logarithmic coordinates curve of time that capillary water rises are drawn, it can simple and reliable test each sample hair compared with
Thin rise waterborne and speed.
Sample is that 4.75-30cm particles account for 60% in test specimen tube 20, when head is 0.5cm in given foundation trench 22,
It tests capillary water height and time chart is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.
It should be noted that above-mentioned is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, protection model not for the purpose of limiting the invention
It encloses, any combination or equivalents made on the basis of the above embodiments all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of for coarse grain group or the capillary water rise test instrument of large scale cell cube sample, which is characterized in that the examination
Testing instrument includes foundation trench, replenisher tank, Rose Box, vacuum evacuation device, test specimen tube and test specimen tube fixation kit；The test specimen tube passes through
Test specimen tube fixation kit is fixed in foundation trench, and one end of foundation trench connects replenisher tank by water inlet pipe, and the other end of foundation trench is by going out
Water pipe connects Rose Box, and the top of test specimen tube is arranged in the vacuum evacuation device；
The test specimen tube fixation kit includes positioning permeable pad, fixed cushion block, upper and lower ring flange and test specimen tube reinforcing rib, institute
The upper flange plate stated is sleeved on the top of test specimen tube, and the lower flange is sleeved on the bottom of test specimen tube, and the positioning is saturating
Water cushion is fixedly mounted on the bottom of foundation trench, and the test specimen tube is vertically mounted on the permeable pad of positioning, the fixation cushion block set
Mounted in the outside for positioning permeable pad, the upper surface of fixed cushion block is equipped with the permeable gap of multiple recess, and the lower flange is logical
It crosses bolt fixed cushion block is fixedly mounted in foundation trench, be fixedly connected between upper and lower ring flange by test specimen tube reinforcing rib.
2. the capillary water rise test instrument according to claim 1 for being directed to coarse grain group or large scale cell cube sample, special
Sign is that the lower flange is equipped with air hole, the top connection exhaust water level pipe of the air hole, the lower part of air hole
It is connected to permeable gap.
3. the capillary water rise test instrument according to claim 1 for being directed to coarse grain group or large scale cell cube sample, special
Sign is that the vacuum evacuation device includes air compressor machine, backpressure valve, pressure reducing valve, vacuum tank and air valve, and vacuum tank is equipped with threeway
Pipeline, a connection air valve, a connection are connected to air compressor machine with backpressure valve by pressure reducing valve the top of test specimen tube, one.
4. the capillary water rise test instrument according to claim 1 for being directed to coarse grain group or large scale cell cube sample, special
Sign is, level sensor and water pump are equipped in the replenisher tank, and the level sensor passes through water pump and water return pipeline
It is connected to the bottom of Rose Box.
5. the capillary water rise test instrument according to claim 1 for being directed to coarse grain group or large scale cell cube sample, special
Sign is that the test specimen tube is perspex transparent test specimen tube, and the test specimen tube is equipped with graduated scale.
6. the capillary water rise test instrument according to claim 1 or 4 for being directed to coarse grain group or large scale cell cube sample,
It is characterized in that, flow valve is equipped between the replenisher tank and water inlet pipe.
7. the capillary water rise test instrument according to claim 1 for being directed to coarse grain group or large scale cell cube sample, special
Sign is, inlet and outlet are movably installed on the foundation trench, and the mounting height of the water inlet is higher than water outlet
Mounting height.
8. the capillary water rise test instrument according to claim 1 for being directed to coarse grain group or large scale cell cube sample, special
Sign is that the top of the test specimen tube connects vacuum tank by sealing structure, and vacuum valve is equipped between vacuum tank and test specimen tube.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710409901.XA CN107328697B (en) | 2017-06-02 | 2017-06-02 | It is a kind of for coarse grain group or the capillary water rise test instrument of large scale cell cube sample |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710409901.XA CN107328697B (en) | 2017-06-02 | 2017-06-02 | It is a kind of for coarse grain group or the capillary water rise test instrument of large scale cell cube sample |
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| CN107328697B true CN107328697B (en) | 2019-09-17 |
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| CN108444870A (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2018-08-24 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of soil apparatus for measuring contact angle |
| CN110534008B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-06-04 | 三峡大学 | Visual device and method for simulating compaction and compaction process of coral sand in sea reclamation |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5425265A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1995-06-20 | Jaisinghani; Rajan A. | Apparatus and method for measuring the capillary pressure distribution of porous materials |
| CN201311282Y (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2009-09-16 | 西南交通大学 | Capillary water rising-height measurer |
| CN101692035A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-04-07 | 东南大学 | Capillary soil water climbing height measuring device |
| CN204694602U (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-07 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of measurement capillary soil water climbing height test unit |
-
2017
- 2017-06-02 CN CN201710409901.XA patent/CN107328697B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5425265A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1995-06-20 | Jaisinghani; Rajan A. | Apparatus and method for measuring the capillary pressure distribution of porous materials |
| CN201311282Y (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2009-09-16 | 西南交通大学 | Capillary water rising-height measurer |
| CN101692035A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-04-07 | 东南大学 | Capillary soil water climbing height measuring device |
| CN204694602U (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-07 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of measurement capillary soil water climbing height test unit |
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