CN216209117U - Laboratory crack aquifer simulation device - Google Patents
Laboratory crack aquifer simulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN216209117U CN216209117U CN202122426632.2U CN202122426632U CN216209117U CN 216209117 U CN216209117 U CN 216209117U CN 202122426632 U CN202122426632 U CN 202122426632U CN 216209117 U CN216209117 U CN 216209117U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a laboratory fracture aquifer simulation device, which comprises a sand tank for simulating a coastal aquifer, wherein a brine area and a fresh water area are arranged at two ends of the sand tank; the structure of the brine area is consistent with that of the fresh water area; the brine zone includes: the brine tank is communicated with the end part of the sand tank through a filter screen; the brine tank supplies water to the brine tank through a rubber tube and a water pump; the fence type overflow groove is used as a tide generator, is arranged in the saline water tank and drains to the saline water tank; and the tidal wave control system is connected with and controls the grid type overflow trough to move up and down, so that the height of the water level in the water tank is adjusted. The method can effectively reconstruct the fracture aquifer in the laboratory, makes up the defects of the prior art, and has reference significance for carrying out fracture aquifer underground water flow movement and solute migration experiments in the laboratory.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of underground water simulation, in particular to a laboratory fracture aquifer simulation device.
Background
The phenomenon of seawater invasion frequently occurs in coastal areas of China, which not only causes ecological environment problems such as groundwater water quality deterioration and soil salinization, but also brings great influence to the production and life of human beings. Studies have shown that one-fourth of the world's population relies on the extraction of fresh water from fractured aquifers, and fractured aquifers are more vulnerable to seawater intrusion than other types of aquifers. Therefore, it is necessary to study the invasion phenomenon of seawater in the aquifer of the crack. Many researchers have studied numerical simulation of the phenomenon of seawater invasion in fractured aquifers.
In the present stage, for the research on the seawater invasion of the fracture aquifer, the predecessor only stays in a numerical simulation stage, lacks the support of an indoor experiment, and does not consider the influence of the ocean tide action. In addition, most experimental models focus on the research of homogeneous aquifers or stratified aquifers, and the research of the seawater invasion phenomenon in coastal aquifers under the influence of cracks and tidal action is lacked.
Therefore, the experimental laboratory fracture aquifer simulation device is urgently to be developed, the fracture and the tide action can be simultaneously subjected to coupling experiments, the field investigation is not needed, the fracture aquifer can be effectively reconstructed in the laboratory, and the defects of the prior art are overcome.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Utility model purpose: in order to overcome the defects of the background art, the utility model discloses a laboratory crack aquifer simulation device.
The technical scheme is as follows: the laboratory fracture aquifer simulation device comprises a sand tank for simulating a coastal aquifer, wherein a brine area and a fresh water area are arranged at two ends of the sand tank, a porous medium is filled in the sand tank, and a stainless steel punching pipe for simulating an aquifer fracture is arranged in the sand tank;
the structure of the brine area is consistent with that of the fresh water area;
the brine zone includes:
the brine tank is communicated with the end part of the sand tank through a filter screen;
the brine tank supplies water to the brine tank through a rubber tube and a water pump;
the fence type overflow groove is used as a tide generator, is arranged in the saline water tank and drains to the saline water tank;
and the tidal wave control system is connected with and controls the grid type overflow trough to move up and down, so that the height of the water level in the water tank is adjusted.
Furthermore, the filter screen is an acrylic screen which has stable chemical properties and low cost, and the reliability of the experimental device is improved.
Further, the porous medium is quartz sand.
Furthermore, the fence type overflow trough is of a hollow structure and comprises a trough bottom plate, an overflow trough outer edge, an overflow trough inner edge and a drainage pipe arranged below the trough bottom plate. The setting of fence formula overflow launder, the user of being convenient for adjusts basin water level height as required, is convenient for pass through fence formula overflow launder drainage basin with exceeding the water of predetermineeing water level height in the basin, improves the control precision of basin water level.
Furthermore, the tidal wave control system comprises a parameter controller and a servo linear sliding table connected with the parameter controller. The tidal wave control system is used for accurately simulating tidal signals and can objectively reflect the tidal phenomenon in coastal areas and the water and salt migration under the action of tidal waves.
Furthermore, the servo linear sliding table comprises a servo motor, a coupler connected with the servo motor, a linear sliding table and a servo sliding block connected with the linear sliding table; the fence type overflow groove is connected with the servo sliding block. The servo linear sliding table is controlled by the parameter controller, is a main structure of a tidal wave control system, and provides guarantee for simulating tidal signals.
Furthermore, the stainless steel punching pipe is a rectangular long pipe with a rectangular cross section, the width of the stainless steel punching pipe is equal to that of the sand tank, and fine holes are distributed on the surface of the stainless steel punching pipe.
Furthermore, any number of the stainless steel punching pipes are arranged at any position in the sand tank so as to accurately simulate the crack distribution of the coastal zone.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the method can effectively reconstruct the fracture aquifer in the laboratory, makes up for the defects of the prior art, and has reference significance for carrying out fracture aquifer underground water flow movement and solute transfer experiments in the laboratory.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The laboratory fissure aquifer simulation device comprises a sand tank 1 for simulating a coastal aquifer, wherein a salt water zone and a fresh water zone are arranged at two ends of the sand tank 1, a porous medium is filled in the sand tank 1, and a stainless steel punching pipe 2 for simulating an aquifer fissure is arranged in the sand tank 1;
the structure of the brine area is consistent with that of the fresh water area;
the brine zone includes: a brine tank 302 communicated with the end of the sand tank 1 through a filter screen 301; a brine tank 303 for supplying water to a brine tank 302 through a hose 304 and a water pump 305; a fence-type overflow launder 306, as a tidal generator, is arranged in the brine tank 302 and drains water to the brine tank 303; the tidal wave control system is connected with and controls the grid type overflow trough 306 to move up and down, so that the height of the water level in the water trough is adjusted.
Need not on-spot investigation, can effectively rebuild the fracture aquifer in the laboratory, compensatied prior art not enough, have the reference meaning to carrying out fracture aquifer groundwater movement and solute migration experiment in the laboratory.
The filter screen 301 is an acrylic screen.
The porous medium is quartz sand.
The fence type overflow trough 306 is of a hollow structure and comprises a trough bottom plate, an overflow trough outer edge, an overflow trough inner edge and a drainage pipe arranged below the trough bottom plate.
The tidal wave control system comprises a parameter controller 307 and a servo linear sliding table connected with the parameter controller. The servo linear sliding table comprises a servo motor 308, a coupler 309 connected with the servo motor 308, a linear sliding table 310 and a servo sliding block 311 connected with the linear sliding table 310; the barrier isopipe 306 is connected to a servo slider 311.
The stainless steel punching pipe 2 is a square long pipe with a rectangular cross section, the width of the stainless steel punching pipe is equal to that of the sand tank 1, and fine holes are distributed on the surface of the stainless steel punching pipe.
The stainless steel punching pipes 2 are distributed in any number at any position in the sand tank 1 so as to accurately simulate the crack distribution of the coastal zone.
Seawater invasion in fractured aquifers is one of the common forms of seawater invasion in coastal aquifers. The embodiment of the utility model provides a stainless steel punching pipe for simulating a crack in an actual aquifer, and pores are distributed on the surface of the stainless steel punching pipe for establishing hydraulic exchange between the crack and a surrounding matrix. Firstly, the dynamic influence of a single fracture on steady-state seawater invasion under different hydraulic gradient conditions is discussed, and then the action of the fracture is deeply analyzed; the influence of the fissure aquifer under the action of tide on the non-steady state seawater invasion is discussed later. The consistency evaluation is carried out on the experimental data by utilizing underground water saturation/non-saturation numerical simulation software SUTRA, and the sensitivity of the fracture to various experimental parameters is investigated. The result shows that the existence of the crack causes the obvious change of the shape of the saline wedge, and the position of the crack generates the inhibiting effect on the saline wedge; the saline below the fracture approaches to the fracture to form a unique saline wedge shape. The influence degree of different hydraulic gradients on seawater invasion is different, and the critical water head difference is a key index for judging the invasion degree. Compared with a homogeneous aquifer without cracks, the invasion length of the saline wedges in the crack aquifer is obviously increased, and the volume fraction of the saline is obviously increased. After the tidal oscillation is added, the width of the saline-fresh water mixing belt is obviously increased, and the saline water wedging invasion length is obviously changed. Sensitivity analysis shows that the length, position, direction, density and the like of the crack are key variables for disclosing the influence mechanism of the crack on seawater invasion. This means that the fissured aquifer can significantly affect the nature of the seawater intrusion compared to a homogeneous aquifer where no fissures are present.
Fissured aquifers are ubiquitous in many coastal regions of the world, and seawater invasion that occurs in fissured aquifers is also frequent in coastal regions of many countries of the world. With the rise of sea level and the artificial uncontrolled exploitation of underground water, the invasion phenomenon of seawater is more and more serious, and the underground fresh water resources are polluted. Due to the diversity of fracture causes and the complexity of fracture space distribution rules, the supply, circulation, drainage, storage, hydrodynamic characteristics and the like of fracture water have unique rules, and a complex hydrogeology topic is formed. In order to understand the influence mechanism of the fracture on seawater invasion, an effective indoor experimental device for simulating a fracture aquifer needs to be established so as to more intuitively reflect the shape of a saline wedge in the fracture aquifer and reveal the groundwater dynamics rule of the fracture aquifer.
The embodiment of the utility model mainly aims to discuss the influence mechanism of the fissure on the seawater invasion. This was achieved by laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. In the experiment, quartz sand is filled into a sand tank in a laboratory, and a stainless steel punching pipe is placed in the sand tank to simulate cracks. Numerical simulations were performed using the software of SUTRA, a saturated/unsaturated band migration model. Sensitivity analysis was then performed to examine the effect of variables of different lengths, positions, orientations, densities, etc. on the degree of seawater intrusion.
The experiment was carried out in a sand tank with dimensions of 4m in length, 0.8m in height and 0.02m in width. The width of the sand tank is narrow so as to simulate a two-dimensional system of the cross section of the unpressurized aquifer. The sand tank is filled with porous medium, water supply tanks are arranged on two sides of the sand tank, and the porous medium is quartz sand with the particle size of 0.8-1 mm. The quartz sand should be filled into the sand tank under saturated conditions to avoid delamination and air pollution. The height of the experimental model is 0.6m, the height of the offshore boundary is 0.4m, and the slope of the coastal zone is 1: 6. The resulting porous medium region is assumed to satisfy the uniform isotropy condition. And in the sand filling process, the stainless steel punching pipe is accurately placed at a preset position. The sand tank is separated from the water tanks on both sides by two acrylic acid fine nets. The left side is a brine area used for conveying brine to the sand tank; the right side is a fresh water area used for conveying fresh water to the sand tank. The porous medium has a permeability coefficient of 6.4 x 10 < -3 > m/s and a porosity of 0.46. The simulated seawater for experiments is prepared by adding sodium chloride into clear water, stirring continuously until the sodium chloride is completely dissolved, and measuring the density of the brine by using an electronic densimeter to ensure that the density of the brine is accurately stabilized at 1025kg/m ^ 3. In order to distinguish the salt water from the fresh water so as to be more visually observed, a allura red coloring agent is added into the seawater solution, and the ratio of the allura red coloring agent to the sodium chloride is 1: 34.
The fluctuation of groundwater was simulated by changing the brine level. At the start of the experiment, the brine side water level was set to 0.51m, the fresh water side water level was set to 0.55m, and the head difference dH was 0.04 m. After 12 hours the system reached a quasi-steady state and the brine side level was adjusted to 0.53, at which point the head difference dH was 0.02 m. After 12 hours, the system reaches quasi-steady state again, the water level of the brine side is adjusted to 0.52m, the water head difference dH is 0.03m, and after 12 hours, the system reaches quasi-steady state again. This experiment involved a total of two processes, the reduction of head differential from dH 0.04m to dH 0.02m simulating a seawater intrusion process, and the increase of head differential from dH 0.02m to dH 0.03m simulating a seawater retraction process. The experimental results show that the smaller the head difference, the larger the intrusion length of the brine wedge. In addition, the shape of the saline wedge is obviously changed by the crack, and the position of the crack has an inhibiting effect on the saline wedge; because the flow speed of fresh water in the fracture is far greater than that of surrounding porous media, the invasion distance of saline below the fracture is obviously increased and the fresh water is close to the fracture, and a unique saline wedge shape is formed.
After the experiment is stabilized, the tidal conditions, namely the amplitude and the period are set through a parameter controller on the brine side, the amplitude is set to be 0.04m, the period is set to be 62s, and the barrier type overflow trough moves up and down to do periodic sinusoidal motion. In the experimental process, the upper salt water feather gradually approaches to the direction of the fracture after being formed, and the volume of the salt water is increased; the fresh water drainage channel between the upper brine plume and the lower brine wedge is widened. The experimental result shows that the cracks obviously change the seawater invasion property under the influence of the tide action, and the forms of the upper saline water feather and the lower saline water wedge are obviously changed.
The groundwater saturation/non-saturation numerical simulation software, SUTRA, is widely used to solve various groundwater reference problems, including seawater experiments with varying brine head boundaries. Sensitivity analysis is carried out on a fracture aquifer seawater invasion experiment under the action of tide by using SUTRA software, and the contents comprise the horizontal position of a horizontal fracture, the vertical position of the horizontal fracture, the horizontal position of a vertical fracture, the length, the direction, the density and the like of the fracture; the research variables include the intrusion distance of the saline wedge, the width of the mixing belt, the volume fraction of the saline and the like.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a laboratory crack aquifer analogue means which characterized in that: the device comprises a sand tank (1) for simulating a coastal aquifer, wherein a brine area and a fresh water area are arranged at two ends of the sand tank (1), a porous medium is filled in the sand tank (1), and a stainless steel punching pipe (2) for simulating an aquifer crack is arranged in the sand tank;
the structure of the brine area is consistent with that of the fresh water area;
the brine zone includes:
the brine tank (302) is communicated with the end part of the sand tank (1) through a filter screen (301);
a brine tank (303) for supplying water to the brine tank (302) through a hose (304) and a water pump (305);
the fence type overflow trough (306) is used as a tide generator, is arranged in the saline water tank (302) and drains water to the saline water tank (303);
the tidal wave control system is connected with and controls the grid type overflow trough (306) to move up and down, so that the height of the water level in the water trough is adjusted.
2. The laboratory fissure aquifer simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the filter screen (301) is an acrylic screen.
3. The laboratory fissure aquifer simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the porous medium is quartz sand.
4. The laboratory fissure aquifer simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the fence type overflow trough (306) is of a hollow structure and comprises a trough bottom plate, an overflow trough outer edge, an overflow trough inner edge and a drainage pipe arranged below the trough bottom plate.
5. The laboratory fissure aquifer simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the tidal wave control system comprises a parameter controller (307) and a servo linear sliding table connected with the parameter controller.
6. The laboratory fissure aquifer simulation device of claim 5, wherein: the servo linear sliding table comprises a servo motor (308), a coupler (309) connected with the servo motor (308), a linear sliding table (310) and a servo sliding block (311) connected with the linear sliding table (310); the fence type overflow trough (306) is connected with a servo sliding block (311).
7. The laboratory fissure aquifer simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the stainless steel punching pipe (2) is a square long pipe with a rectangular cross section, the width of the stainless steel punching pipe is equal to that of the sand tank (1), and fine holes are distributed on the surface of the stainless steel punching pipe.
8. The laboratory fissure aquifer simulation device of claim 1, wherein: the stainless steel punching pipes (2) are distributed in any number at any position in the sand tank (1) so as to accurately simulate the crack distribution of the coastal zone.
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| CN202122426632.2U CN216209117U (en) | 2021-10-09 | 2021-10-09 | Laboratory crack aquifer simulation device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114814164A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-07-29 | 河海大学 | Device and method for simulating upstream invasion of coastal aquifer by seawater along river channel |
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- 2021-10-09 CN CN202122426632.2U patent/CN216209117U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114814164A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-07-29 | 河海大学 | Device and method for simulating upstream invasion of coastal aquifer by seawater along river channel |
| CN114814164B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-03-14 | 河海大学 | Device and method for simulating upstream invasion of seawater into coastal aquifer along riverway |
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Effective date of registration: 20230707 Address after: Room 3632, Building 3, No. 625 Geguan Road, Dachang Street, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210000 Patentee after: Jiangsu Haiyi Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Xikang Road, Gulou District of Nanjing city of Jiangsu Province, No. 1 210024 Patentee before: HOHAI University |
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Address after: Room 201-2, 2nd Floor, Building D, Vitality Business Plaza, 185 Jumao Street, Yuanhe Street, Xiangcheng District, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, 215000 Patentee after: Jiangsu Haiyi Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 3632, Building 3, No. 625 Geguan Road, Dachang Street, Jiangbei New District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210000 Patentee before: Jiangsu Haiyi Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd. |