CN105016891A - Wheat straw biochar fertilizer for controlling foliage diseases and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a wheat straw biochar fertilizer for controlling foliage diseases and a preparation method thereof. The wheat straw biochar fertilizer for controlling foliage diseases is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 24-26 parts of yellow wine vinasse, 5-7 parts of ferrous chloride, 13-17 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 33-37 parts of cotton seed cake, 42-48 parts of flue-cured tobacco powder, 15-18 parts of plain white, 6-9 parts of ammonium chloride, 115-135 parts of fresh Enteromorpha, 4-7 parts of composite microbial inoculant, 260-280 parts of wheat straw, 27-33 parts of fresh urine and a right amount of water. The inorganic/organic blend raw materials are utilized to greatly enhance the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the soil, increase the biological humus content in the soil layer and optimize the crop growth environment. The added flue-cured tobacco powder and Enteromorpha can provide nutrients, have the functions of stimulating diseases and pests on the crop foliage and inhibiting the growth of the diseases and pests, increase the added value of the fertilizer, and are very helpful for enhancing the crop quality.

Description

A kind of wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer preventing and treating foliage disease and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of fertilizers, particularly a kind of wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer preventing and treating foliage disease and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Biomass charcoal is that biomass carbonize through limit oxygen thermo-cracking the organic substance being rich in stability carbon obtained, charcoal not only effectively can promote the organic carbon content in soil, while progressively improving soil fertilizer, water retention property, for aspects such as reduction soil nutrient losses, there is good effect equally.

Along with the continuous lifting of agricultural products in China export ratio, agricultural will constantly be upgraded for the requirement of fertilizer, soil fertility, therefore the angle promoted from change and the fertility of soil and fertilizer kind uses charcoal fertilizer, produces great prograding by the adjustment of China's structure of agricultural production and the lifting of export of farm produce comprehensive strength.

But due to charcoal light weight, in Powdered, take up space comparatively large, transport and storage cost higher, and also exist in using in farmland process and use the difficulty such as inconvenience, dust pollution, limit agricultural extension and the utilization of biomass charcoal.For this reason, the present inventor makes biomass charcoal base composite fertilizer by being coordinated with plurality of raw materials by biomass charcoal, the release period of fertilizer nutrient is extended by charcoal, reduce nutrient loss, Inorganic whisker thing then eliminates the defect of charcoal nutrient deficiency, thus accomplished making full use of charcoal, significant to agricultural high-effiency, ecology, environmental protection, Sustainable development.

Summary of the invention

The present invention compensate for the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer preventing and treating foliage disease and preparation method thereof.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

Fertilizer of the present invention is made up of the raw material of following weight part: yellow wine lees 24-26, iron protochloride 5-7, potassium primary phosphate 13-17, cottonseed cake 33-37, flue-cured tobacco powder 42-48, egg white solution 15-18, ammonium chloride 6-9, fresh Enteromorpha 115-135, complex micro organism fungicide 4-7, wheat stalk 260-280, freshly voided urine 27-33, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

The concrete steps of the preparation of described fertilizer are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with yellow wine lees, cottonseed cake, flue-cured tobacco powder, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 55-65%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 3-4 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, fermentation 25-30 days, obtains fermented liquid and ferment slag to fermentation heap squeeze and filter after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 450-550 DEG C, insulation charing 2-3 hour, again temperature is increased to 800-900 DEG C, insulation 1-2 hour, carries out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add egg white solution, iron protochloride, at being heated to 58-64 DEG C, be incubated 60-90 minute, then after being cooled to room temperature, add potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 4.0-5.0, equiponderant three parts are divided into after concentrated for mixed solution heating 8-10 times, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.

Charcoal purity can be improved to the secondary charing of wheat stalk in step 2, and increase the number cells of charcoal further, improve its adsorptive power.

The method using wheat stalk powdered carbon repeatedly to adsorb in step 4 can improve the crystallized ability of charcoal to mixotrophism liquid Middle nutrition element, its huge specific surface area effectively can promote the formation of nitrogenous crystallization, and the loss of the nutritive element that drying process brings after preventing.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

The Enteromorpha added is except containing except carbon nitrogen organic composition, also containing small organic molecule and the natural phant such as growth hormone, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins growth regulators such as sea grass polysaccharide, N.F,USP MANNITOL, alginic acid, also have 40 various trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, iodine, zinc, ensure that and provide comprehensive nutrition supply to crop.

Charcoal fertilizer of the present invention employs inorganic organic blended raw material, greatly can increase SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN ratio after a procedure, improve edaphic biological humus content, optimize crop growth environment, the flue-cured tobacco powder simultaneously added, Enteromorpha can not only provide nutrient, have simultaneously and stimulate crop blade face disease and pest, suppress the function that it grows, add the value added of fertilizer, have good help to the quality improving crop.

Specific embodiments

Below in conjunction with following embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:

The raw material taking following weight part (kg) is made: yellow wine lees 25, iron protochloride 6, potassium primary phosphate 15, cottonseed cake 35, flue-cured tobacco powder 45, egg white solution 16, ammonium chloride 8, fresh Enteromorpha 125, complex micro organism fungicide 6, wheat stalk 270, freshly voided urine 30, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

The concrete steps of the preparation of described fertilizer are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with yellow wine lees, cottonseed cake, flue-cured tobacco powder, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 55-65%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 4 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, ferment 28 days, after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, fermented liquid and ferment slag are obtained to fermentation heap squeeze and filter, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 500 DEG C, insulation charing 2 hours, again temperature is increased to 850 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour, carry out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add egg white solution, iron protochloride, at being heated to 60 DEG C, be incubated 75 minutes, then after being cooled to room temperature, add potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 4.5, equiponderant three parts are divided into by after concentrated 9 times of mixed solution heating, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.

In order to further illustrate using value of the present invention, the present inventor have chosen 20 mu of rice test fields and carries out compliance test result to charcoal fertilizer of the present invention, wherein 10 mu of experimental group use charcoal of the present invention fertilizer to use common fertilizer as base manure as base manure, another 10 mu of control groups, and mu fertilise is 1600kg, during paddy growth, all management modes are all identical, record experimental data as follows after maturation:

Project	Control group	Experimental group
			Soil available nitrogen content (mg/kg)	33.65	40.89
Ammonia nitrogen content (mg/L) in paddy field water either	1.93	0.36
			Disease and pest incidence (%)	5.1	1.0
Output (kg/ mu)	562	587
			Stimulation ratio (%)	——	4.45

After can finding out use charcoal fertilizer of the present invention from experimental data, the soil nutrient content of rice terrace significantly improves, decrease the nutritive loss of nitrogen loss to paddy field water either simultaneously, during paddy growth, disease and pest also significantly reduces, the quality of paddy rice is had greatly improved, finally obtain higher rice yield, have larger raising compared to control group productive rate.

Claims (2)

1. wheat straw biologic charcoal fertilizer preventing and treating foliage disease and preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: yellow wine lees 24-26, iron protochloride 5-7, potassium primary phosphate 13-17, cottonseed cake 33-37, flue-cured tobacco powder 42-48, egg white solution 15-18, ammonium chloride 6-9, fresh Enteromorpha 115-135, complex micro organism fungicide 4-7, wheat stalk 260-280, freshly voided urine 27-33, water are appropriate;

Described complex micro organism fungicide comprises Rhizopus oryzae, subtilis and bacillus cereus, and proportion is 1:2:2.

2. the wheat straw biologic charcoal preventing and treating foliage disease according to claims 1 is fertile and preparation method thereof, and it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of preparation method are as follows:

(1) smash to pieces after Enteromorpha being cleaned and mix with yellow wine lees, cottonseed cake, flue-cured tobacco powder, dropping in fermentation vat adds water regulates water content to be 55-65%, again to inoculating complex microorganism microbial inoculum in fermented product, afterwards fermented product is stirred and start fermentation, every turning in 3-4 days once, and Simultaneously test fermentation heap temperature, control fermentation heap top temperature and be no more than 70 DEG C, fermentation 25-30 days, obtains fermented liquid and ferment slag to fermentation heap squeeze and filter after becoming thoroughly decomposed completely, for subsequent use;

(2) drop in carbonizing kiln after wheat stalk being pulverized, be heated to 450-550 DEG C, insulation charing 2-3 hour, again temperature is increased to 800-900 DEG C, insulation 1-2 hour, carries out second time charing, stop heating afterwards, and it is for subsequent use that gained wheat stalk powdered carbon is cooled to room temperature;

(3) in step 1 gained fermented liquid, add egg white solution, iron protochloride, at being heated to 58-64 DEG C, be incubated 60-90 minute, then after being cooled to room temperature, add potassium primary phosphate, ammonium chloride stirring, obtain nutritive medium for subsequent use;

(4) by freshly voided urine and step 3 gained nutritive medium mixing and stirring, adding citric acid solution regulates PH to be 4.0-5.0, equiponderant three parts are divided into after concentrated for mixed solution heating 8-10 times, and successively with step 2 gained wheat stalk powdered carbon mixing and absorption, repeatedly adsorb rear to powdered carbon-urine mixture bake drying, for subsequent use;

(5) granulating dropping in tablets press after step 1 gained ferment slag and step 4 gained material and leftover materials mixing, packing preservation after being weighed by gained particle, namely obtaining charcoal fertilizer of the present invention.