CN105016888A - Microbe based on straw waste and preparation method of fertilizer by fermentation by using microbe - Google Patents
Microbe based on straw waste and preparation method of fertilizer by fermentation by using microbe Download PDFInfo
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- CN105016888A CN105016888A CN201510449534.7A CN201510449534A CN105016888A CN 105016888 A CN105016888 A CN 105016888A CN 201510449534 A CN201510449534 A CN 201510449534A CN 105016888 A CN105016888 A CN 105016888A
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- fermentation
- fungus agent
- composite fungus
- ventilation
- straw
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention relates to a microbe based on straw waste and a preparation method of a fertilizer by fermentation by using the microbe. An associate strain composed of EM (effective microorganism) and JFB-2 is utilized to perform pre-fermentation and straw raw material pretreatment, and an improved mode is adopted for ventilation, thereby implementing fermentation. The method can quickly and efficiently product the high-quality straw organic fertilizer and reduce the non-point pollution caused by the chemical fertilizers. By adopting the countryside distributed agricultural waste clean collecting system (mobile straw high-aeration biofermentation system), the method solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by agriculture, and changes waste into precious biological resources.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of technology of biological environmental production field, specifically a kind of microorganism based on straw refuse and fertilizer fermentation preparation thereof.
Background technology
A large amount of agricultural crop straws and other waste can be obtained during crop harvesting.Traditional open incineration method or bank up for a long time and can damage soil fertility, polluted air, affect the environmental hazards such as traffic.Meanwhile, a large amount of nutritive elements (C, N, P, K etc.) run off in Tu Rang outside botanical system, make the Sustainable development of China's agricultural be subject to hindering greatly and threatening.
According to 3R (minimizing, innoxious, the resource utilization) principle of the waste comprehensive regulation of international regulations, the production of Straw manures is by the effect of microorganism efficient degradation, organic waste is converted into the poly-soil ulmin having certain fertilizer efficiency, and then realizes resource utilization and the innoxious use of raw material waste.This is not only and promotes agricultural wastes eucyclic effective means aborning, or the solution route of real environmental protect pollution problem, the optimum handling method tallied with the national condition especially.Contain various abundant organic matter in Straw manures, and the nutrients such as N, P, K are comparatively balanced, simultaneously containing various trace element, the suitable fertilizer commonly used as various crop and plant growing soil, has significant effect to increase yield and raising crop quality.
Use chemical fertilizer in a large number, severe contamination is caused to environment, and these phenomenons are more and more obvious, if crop straw refuse can be converted into organic manure resource Appropriate application, compounding application chemical fertilizer and fertilizer, to promoting that the Sustainable Production of agricultural is significant.
In recent years, although China has strengthened the exploitation dynamics that agricultural wastes are recycled, carry out scale operation based on organic fertilizer production unit, the cleanly production of small scale-farm and garden spot is also subject to manager and payes attention to.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, a kind of microorganism based on straw refuse and fertilizer fermentation preparation thereof are proposed, quick, the colory Straw manures of High-efficient Production can be realized, slow down the pollution of area source that chemical fertilizer causes, the distributed agricultural wastes in rural area are used to clean gathering system and mobile straw high pass oxygen Biofermentation system, solve the environmental pollution that agricultural causes, waste is become valuable Biological resources.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A, bacterial classification pre fermentation: wheat bran and mixed strains are mixed with 10:1 ratio, carry out bacterial classification pre fermentation 3d;
B, stalk pre-treatment: by crushed stalk, add urea and C/N value is adjusted to 30:1, mixing with the mixed strains after pre fermentation, is 60% by moisture control;
C, undertaken ventilating and realize fermentation by mode of ameliorating, namely ventilating every day 3 times, at interval of 3h ventilation 6min, each ventilation is 8 ~ 12 times of proving room volume, and every day, ventilation was 30 ~ 35 times of proving room volume.
Described ventilation, be preferably for the proving room being of a size of 4.0m*2.45m*2.45m, each ventilation is 254m
3, every day, ventilation was 762m
3.
The present invention relates to a kind of combination microorganism for fermented stalk waste, by EM and JFB 2 bacterial classifications form.
Described EM microbial inoculum is a kind of common complex micro organism fungicide, and this microbial inoculum has Promoting plant growth, improves feces of livestock and poultry utilization ratio, strengthens livestock and poultry body resistance against diseases, removes ight soil stench, improves the ecological environment.
Described JFB 2 to be made up of No. I composite fungus agent and No. II composite fungus agent, No. I composite fungus agent account for 55% 60%, No. II composite fungus agent account for 40% 45%, wherein No. I composite fungus agent by the ratio of colony-forming unit be the photosynthetic bacterium of 2:2:1:1:1:1, genus bacillus, series bacillus, Cellumomonas flavigena, blown-ball Azotobacter and Pseudomonas fluorescens form; By the ratio of colony-forming unit, No. II composite fungus agent is that the wood of 4:4:2:1 is mould, Candida utilis, mould and purple variant streptomycete form.
Verified, this microbial inoculum can significantly shorten the compost fermentation cycle, improves compost maturity.
Technique effect
Compared with prior art, technique effect of the present invention comprises:
1, the present invention adopts the organic straw refuse of complex micro organism fungicide fermentative degradation.Containing a large amount of cellulose degradation microorganism in this microbial inoculum, the enzyme that these microorganisms secrete in degradation process has complementarity and synergistic effect is obvious, stalk capable of being fast degraded, thus improves Straw manures production efficiency.
2, the method that the present invention adopts can obviously shorten the degradable fermented cycle.Add microbial inoculum of the present invention during the fermentation, make fermentation period shorten to about 14d, and in stuffy situation, low temperature environment bottom fermentation process is almost stagnated.Therefore, the present invention can improve the production rate of fertilizer largely, and reduction production cost, is convenient to the use of actual production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is ventilation time experimental temperature change records figure in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is ventilation number experimental temperature change records figure in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is fermenting process temperature variation record diagram in the present invention;
Fig. 4 be in the present invention water ratio with the change curve of fermentation stage;
Fig. 5 be in the present invention pH value with the change curve of fermentation stage;
Fig. 6 be in the present invention specific conductivity with the change curve of fermentation stage;
Fig. 7 is NH4 in the present invention
+ N content with the change curve of fermentation stage;
Fig. 8 is NO in the present invention
3 N content with the change curve of fermentation stage;
Fig. 9 is NH4 in the present invention
+ N/NO
3 N value with the change curve of fermentation stage;
Figure 10 be in the present invention full N content with the change curve of fermentation stage;
Figure 11 be in the present invention organic content with the change curve of fermentation stage;
Figure 12 be in the present invention C/N value with the change curve of fermentation stage;
Figure 13 be in the present invention available P content with the change curve of fermentation stage.
Embodiment
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment gets the garden straw refuse that Pujiang town, Minhang District, Shanghai hands over large Pujiang base to provide, and windrow is piled with 2/3 height of fermenting case, and adds bacterial classification amount and auxiliary material amount needed for volume computing thus.Correspondingly can choose other straw refuses during practical application and there is similar technique effect.
The present embodiment adopts " the removable microbial fermentation system based on rural area straw refuse " recorded in Patent document number CN103102193A auxiliary realization to ferment, in the present embodiment: movable fermentation contour size of the unit(s) is 5.5m*2.45m*2.45m, wherein fermenting case is of a size of 4.0m*2.45m*2.45m, machine room 1.5m*2.45m*2.45m, insulation layer thickness 5cm.Also can adopt the fermentation unit of other similar structures during practical application and there is similar technique effect,
In described straw refuse:
1) agriculture waste species: the mixture (amounting to 15m3) of agricultural crop straw and weeds
2) auxiliary material: urea (3.0kg);
3) microbial-bacterial fertilizer: EM microbial inoculum (3.0kg), hands over large microbial inoculum (0.6kg), wheat bran (36kg).
Carry out fermenting experiment according to method parameters described above, carry out fermenting experiment, no longer rise using the temperature inside the box that ferments or decline to some extent as the mark once sent out short-term ferment and complete.Before the fermentation carrying out a new round, carry out turning or add water treatment, the sufficient oxygen provided needed for microorganism growth metabolism is provided, ensureing that water ratio is about 60%.Identical 5 the point measurement temperature of every sub-sampling, average, the criterion using the rising situation of medial temperature as fermentation situation.The 1st time fermentation before, fermented for the 1st time after, fermented for the 2nd time after, fermented for the 3rd time after get 4 samples altogether, in order to analyze the change of physicochemical character with fermentation time of Straw manures.From Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, adjustment air flow can make fermentation appearance greatly improve, and temperature can reach the optimum value of about 50 DEG C, illustrates that the optimization of this ventilation parameter can shorten fermentation period.
Afterwards determination and analysis is carried out to the basic physicochemical character of this batch of Straw manures product, thus investigate gained Straw manures fertilizer efficiency.
Known by Fig. 4, the water ratio of institute's sample thief, all about 55%, does not obviously rise or downward trend.The reason that third time sampling water ratio is higher with the addition of certain moisture before fermenting for the second time, and result shows that current is necessary to the increase of water ratio, because the heat insulation effect of second time fermentation is best, at about 50 DEG C.Can obtain thus, water ratio 55% between 60%, ferment effect is better.And the water ratio sampled for the last time is 53.9%, also meet the requirement of Straw manures to water ratio.
Have Fig. 5 to know, the pH value of every sub-sampling is all floated about 8.1, and maximum is 8.23, and Schwellenwert is 7.92.The pH value of the Straw manures product finally obtained is 8.03, is weakly alkaline.
The specific conductivity of sample is on a declining curve during the fermentation, and does not all exceed phytotoxic specific conductivity limit value (3000 μ S/cm).The Straw manures specific conductivity finally obtained is 1239 μ S/cm, meets the requirements, and result as shown in Figure 6.
NH
4 + N content result as shown in Figure 7, with the prolongation of fermentation time, ammonium nitrogen content reduces gradually, and final content is 40.09ppm.As shown in Figure 8, NO
3 N value content raise gradually during the fermentation, final content is 81.13ppm.NH
4 + N/NO
3 the change of N value during the fermentation with fermentation stage on a declining curve, coincidence theory trend.The NH of final organic fertilizer product
4 + N/NO
3 N value be 0.49, show to become thoroughly decomposed completely, result is as Fig. 9.
As shown in Figure 10, total nitrogen content becomes ascendant trend with fermentation stage, and final total nitrogen content is 131.02ppm.
Along with the prolongation of fermentation time, organic content reduces gradually, especially remarkable at hot stage (the 2nd sub-sampling is to the 3rd sub-sampling) degradation effect.The organic content of final Straw manures product is 71.26%, substantially meet organic content lower than 70% standard, result is as Figure 11.
The C/N value of the finished product is 19.82 (Figure 12), illustrates that this batch of fertilizer becomes thoroughly decomposed comparatively complete, meets the standard of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
In sample, the content results of available P as shown in figure 13, and fermentation later stage available P content is little, maintains 82ppm effect, substantially in rising trend.And third time sample compare second time sampling decline to some extent, be due to second time fermentation be in the condition of high temperature, microbial activities is vigorous, consumes a large amount of P element.The available phosphorus contents of the Straw manures finally obtained is 83.92ppm.According to the Second National overall survey of soil and related standards, available phosphorus contents is rated 1 grade higher than the soil of 40ppm.The available P content of this batch of Straw manures is high, effectively can improve soil fertility.
In sum, compared with prior art, it is best in quality that the present invention produces the Straw manures obtained, and indices is all up to standard or be better than mean level (ML); Present invention process is simple, achieves the recycling treatment of straw refuse, solves the difficult problems such as current environment pollution and the wasting of resources, produces the Straw manures of improvement soil simultaneously, have far-reaching social effect and economic worth.There is moveable feature, reasonable employment space, solve Traditional compost mode floor space large, produce the shortcoming of stench.The method of the Straw manures produced by said apparatus and method can be produced and be obtained quality preferably Straw manures.
Claims (5)
1. based on a microbial fertilizer fermentation preparation for straw refuse, it is characterized in that, comprise with under type:
A, bacterial classification pre fermentation: wheat bran and mixed strains are mixed with 10:1 ratio, carry out bacterial classification pre fermentation 3d;
B, stalk pre-treatment: by crushed stalk, add urea and C/N value is adjusted to 30:1, mixing with the mixed strains after pre fermentation, is 60% by moisture control;
C, undertaken ventilating and realize fermentation by mode of ameliorating, namely ventilating every day 3 times, at interval of 3h ventilation 6min, each ventilation is 8 ~ 12 times of proving room volume, and every day, ventilation was 30 ~ 35 times of proving room volume.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described mixed strains by EM and JFB 2 bacterial classifications form.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described JFB 2 mixed strainss be made up of No. I composite fungus agent and No. II composite fungus agent, No. I composite fungus agent account for 55% 60%, No. II composite fungus agent account for 40% 45%, wherein No. I composite fungus agent by the ratio of colony-forming unit be the photosynthetic bacterium of 2:2:1:1:1:1, genus bacillus, series bacillus, Cellumomonas flavigena, blown-ball Azotobacter and Pseudomonas fluorescens form; By the ratio of colony-forming unit, No. II composite fungus agent is that the wood of 4:4:2:1 is mould, Candida utilis, mould and purple variant streptomycete form.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described ventilation, is specially the proving room for being of a size of 4.0m*2.45m*2.45m, and each ventilation is 254m
3, every day, ventilation was 762m
3.
5. the combination microorganism for fermented stalk waste, it is characterized in that, by EM and JFB 2 bacterial classifications form, JFB wherein 2 mixed strainss be made up of No. I composite fungus agent and No. II composite fungus agent, No. I composite fungus agent account for 55% 60%, No. II composite fungus agent account for 40% 45%, wherein No. I composite fungus agent by the ratio of colony-forming unit be the photosynthetic bacterium of 2:2:1:1:1:1, genus bacillus, series bacillus, Cellumomonas flavigena, blown-ball Azotobacter and Pseudomonas fluorescens form; By the ratio of colony-forming unit, No. II composite fungus agent is that the wood of 4:4:2:1 is mould, Candida utilis, mould and purple variant streptomycete form.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105624062A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-01 | 西南大学 | Ageratina adenophora organic fertilizer solid microbial inoculant and preparation method thereof, and application of microbial inoculant in organic fertilizer production |
| CN105819991A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-03 | 杜兆龙 | Plant-source biological organic fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
| CN105924246A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-07 | 上海交通大学 | Preparation method for biological fermentation integrated organic fertilizer |
| CN114634382A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-17 | 农业农村部规划设计研究院 | Continuous heat and fertilizer production system and method for cellulose biomass and toilet urine |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105624062A (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2016-06-01 | 西南大学 | Ageratina adenophora organic fertilizer solid microbial inoculant and preparation method thereof, and application of microbial inoculant in organic fertilizer production |
| CN105624062B (en) * | 2016-01-26 | 2020-01-24 | 西南大学 | Eupatorium adenophorum organic fertilizer solid microbial inoculum, preparation method and application in organic fertilizer production |
| CN105924246A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-07 | 上海交通大学 | Preparation method for biological fermentation integrated organic fertilizer |
| CN105819991A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-03 | 杜兆龙 | Plant-source biological organic fertilizer and preparing method thereof |
| CN114634382A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-06-17 | 农业农村部规划设计研究院 | Continuous heat and fertilizer production system and method for cellulose biomass and toilet urine |
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Application publication date: 20151104 |
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