CN105001401A - 高固含低游离tdi聚氨酯固化剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高固含低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂及制备方法:TDI聚氨酯固化剂包括甲苯二异氰酸酯50-59.8%;多元醇类18-26%;酯类溶剂22-28%;异氰酸酯三聚催化剂0.05-0.1%;异氰酸酯三聚阻聚剂0.1-0.2%;抗氧剂0.050.1%,本TDI聚氨酯固化剂中,游离甲苯二异氰酸酯含量可降低到0.6%以下,无需进行任何后处理;应用一般的预聚物生产设备即可生产,无需增加新设备,具有设备成本低、操作简单的特点,而且处理过程中不必使用大量的能源。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种甲苯二异氰酸酯聚氨酯固化剂,特别是一种高固含低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂及制备方法。
背景技术
通常,甲苯二异氰酸酯聚氨酯固化剂是以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)和多元醇类制备的,目前,聚氨酯固化剂生产过程中,由于甲苯二异氰酸酯反应不稳定,产品中游离TDI含量高,对人体及环境的影响较大。发达国家采用蒸发提纯法来分离聚氨酯预聚物中的游离TDI取得了很好的效果,可以降低到0.3%以下如专利文献CN200410027560.2和CN200380106780.8;但是,该方法的设备投资大,难以推广应用;化学法是通过催化使得残留的TDI进行聚合,从而减少固化剂中游离TDI的含量。也有相关的专利如专利CN102827346 A,但该专利的不足在于固化剂含量过低。目前国内生产的固化剂普遍游离TDI含量较高,游离TDI含量在1%以上。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明目的之一在于提供一种高固含低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂。
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种高固含低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂的制备方法,具有设备成本低、操作简单的特点,而且 处理过程中不必使用大量的能源。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
高固含低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂,包括,其特征在于:是以如下重量百分比的原料制备的:包括
甲苯异氰酸酯50-59.8%;
多元醇类1826%
酯类溶剂2228%;
异氰酸酯三聚催化剂0.05-0.1%;
异氰酸酯三聚阻聚剂0.1-0.2%;
抗氧剂0.05-0.1%。
上述各个组分的百分比之和为100%。
组分的更优选配比是:
甲苯异氰酸酯55-57%;
多元醇类20-23%;
酯类溶剂24-26%;
异氰酸酯三聚催化剂0.06-0.1%;
异氰酸酯三聚阻聚剂0.120.14%
抗氧剂0.06-0.1%;
上述各个组分的百分比之和为100%。
包括以下步骤:
步骤a:按照权利要求1所述的配方配比分别称取原料;
步骤b:将甲苯异氰酸酯、多元醇类、酯类溶剂、抗氧剂 放入反应釜内;对反应釜进行加热,加热温度控制在55-65℃,在加热的过程中对反应釜内的物质进行搅拌,使反应釜内的物质充分反应1-4h;
步骤c:然后再将加热温度升至75-85℃,在加热过程中对反应釜内的物质进行搅拌,使反应釜内的物质充分反应2-6h,得到均匀的溶液;
步骤d:停止对步骤c的溶液进行加热,冷却降温至5565℃加入适量的异氰酸酯三聚体催化剂使残余的TDI进行聚合反应;半小时后开始测NCO%;
步骤e:在经过步骤d测NCO%至11.6-12.4,加入异氰酸酯三聚阻聚剂。拌均匀后,60℃下保温1h后出料。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明通过提高异氰酸酯与羟基当量比,利用异氰酸酯的强溶解性能,以原材料作为溶剂,合成出来的PU固化剂分子量更小,分子分布更均匀,从而最终分离出粘度更小,活性官能团(NCO)更多,综合性能更好,游离异氰酸酯有毒单体更少(小于0.3%)的聚氨酯固化剂,分离出来的异氰酸酯单体再进入下一次投料合成,使固化剂生产得以连续进行;而且无需进行任何后处理;应用一般的预聚物生产设备即可生产,无需增加新设备,具有设备成本低、操作简单的特点,而且处理过程中不必使用大量的能源。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例。
实施例1:
一种高固含低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂,由按重量份计的如下成分制备而成:
依次在一个装有搅拌装置、温度计和通氮气保护的500mL四口烧瓶中加入175g甲苯二异氰酸酯、30g醋酸正丁酯、40g醋酸乙酯、0.2gβ-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸季戊四醇酯,同时开动搅拌及加热,升温至55℃加入35g三羟甲基丙烷,在65℃下进行预聚反应1h,预聚反应后升温至75-85℃完全反应4h,完全反应后降温至60℃加入0.6gTDI三聚体N,N-四甲丙二胺,反应半小时后开始检测NCO值(二正丁胺-盐酸法);
当NCO值达到12±0.1%后,加入1g磷酸,升温至70℃,保温1小时后降温至55℃以下,过滤出料,获得产品。
采用GB/T 18446-2009《色漆和清漆用漆基异氰酸酯树脂中二异氰酸酯单体的测定》标准测定游离TDI含量。
主要性能指标见下表:
实施例2
依次在一个装有搅拌装置、温度计和通氮气保护的500mL四口烧瓶中加入175g甲苯二异氰酸酯、30g醋酸正丁酯、40g醋酸乙酯、0.2gβ-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸季戊四醇酯,1,2-甲基丙二醇10g,同时开动搅拌及加热,升温至55℃加入25g三羟甲基丙烷,在65℃下进行预聚反应1h,预聚反应后升温至75-85℃完全反应4h,完全反应后降温至60℃加入0.6gTDI三聚体三乙胺,反应半小时后开始检测NCO值(二正丁胺-盐酸法);
当NCO值达到12±0.1%后,加入1g磷酸,升温至70℃,保温1小时后降温至55℃以下,过滤出料,获得产品。
采用GB/T 18446-2009《色漆和清漆用漆基异氰酸酯树脂中二异氰酸酯单体的测定》标准测定游离TDI含量。
主要性能指标见下表:
实施例3
依次在一个装有搅拌装置、温度计和通氮气保护的500mL四口烧瓶中加入175g甲苯二异氰酸酯、30g醋酸正丁酯、40g醋酸乙酯、0.2gβ-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸季戊四醇酯,1,2-甲基丙二醇10g,TP-3G树脂(佛山国化化学):30g,同时开动搅拌及加热,升温至55℃加入25g三羟甲基丙烷,在65℃下进行预聚反应1h,预聚反应后升温至7585℃完全反应4h,完全反应后降温至60℃加入0.6gTDI三聚体三乙胺,反应半小时后开始检测NCO值(二正丁胺-盐酸法);
当NCO值达到12±0.1%后,加入1g磷酸,升温至70℃,保温1小时后降温至55℃以下,过滤出料,获得产品。
采用GB/T 18446-2009《色漆和清漆用漆基异氰酸酯树脂中二异氰酸酯单体的测定》标准测定游离TDI含量。
主要性能指标见下表:
使用本发明后,可以降低涂料使用产生的污染以及对人体的危害,特别适用于生产聚氨酯固化剂,另外本发明还有制备工艺简单,使用方便的特点。
以上对本发明实施例所提供的高固含低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂及制备方法,进行了详细介绍,本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想;同时,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
Claims (3)
1.高固含低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂,包括,其特征在于:是以如下重量百分比的原料制备的:包括
甲苯异氰酸酯 50-59.8%;
多元醇类 1826%;
酯类溶剂 22-28%;
异氰酸酯三聚催化剂 0.05-0.1%;
异氰酸酯三聚阻聚剂 0.1-0.2%;
抗氧剂 0.05-0.1%。
上述各个组分的百分比之和为100%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高固含低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂,其特征在于:组分的更优选配比是:
甲苯异氰酸酯 55-57%
多元醇类 20-23%;
酯类溶齐 2426%;
异氰酸酯三聚催化剂 0.060.1%;
异氰酸酯三聚阻聚剂 0.12-0.14%;
抗氧剂 0.060.1%;
上述各个组分的百分比之和为100%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高固含低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
步骤a:按照权利要求1所述的配方配比分别称取原料;
步骤b:将甲苯异氰酸酯、多元醇类、酯类溶剂、抗氧剂放入反应釜内;对反应釜进行加热,加热温度控制在55-65℃,在加热的过程中对反应釜内的物质进行搅拌,使反应釜内的物质充分反应1-4h;
步骤c:然后再将加热温度升至75-85℃,在加热过程中对反应釜内的物质进行搅拌,使反应釜内的物质充分反应26h,得到均匀的溶液;
步骤d:停止对步骤c的溶液进行加热,冷却降温至55-65℃加入适量的异氰酸酯三聚体催化剂使残余的TDI进行聚合反应;半小时后开始测NCO%;
步骤e:在经过步骤d测NCO%至11.6-12.4,加入异氰酸酯三聚阻聚剂。拌均匀后,60℃下保温1h后出料。
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