CN104996157B - Wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis inoculation method and the food made of it - Google Patents
Wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis inoculation method and the food made of it Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
Abstract
Wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis inoculation method and the food made of it, the hillside fields wherein the husky shale sylvan life of the purple of 2,100 2300 meters of height above sea level of selection faces south, average annual 18 20 DEG C of temperature, the sand of average annual 900 1100 millimeters of rainfall make base；Moisture in the soil and fertilising are done again, are built canopy temperature and are kept for 15-20 DEG C daytime, night is not less than 5 DEG C of cool canopy；The wild seed received with the previous year or then, by line-spacing 13-20cm, hill spacing 10-15cm, is planted per cave 6-8 plant；Hoe up weeds, apply fertilizer through intertillage again, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；Select fine day to dig out taproot after maturation, remove Miao Ye, soil, clean and dry, adopt root for medicine.There is provided the artificial planting technique of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis.Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis is cultivated and stews medicated food with chicken, ox, sheep, pork or chop, or makes tinned food with pig, beef.Using Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis and corresponding meat, the medicated food with Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis drug effect is developed.
Description
Technical field
The food made the present invention relates to a kind of wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis inoculation method and of it.
Background technology
Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, alias wheat ginseng, carpet bugle《Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine》, big chickweed《Yunnan Chinese herbal medicine choosing》, small fat medicine
Deng.According to Mr. Lan Mao《The southern regions of the Yunnan Province book on Chinese herbal medicine》Record：" Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, sweet, slightly warm in nature.Mend liver,spleen,kidney.Spirit is taken good care of, is taken a tonic or nourishing food to build up one's health
Kidney liver, Conception Vessel and Governor Vessel loss, married woman's collapse key medicine." Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis vegetable be applied to each age level crowd, particularly
The elderly.The Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis root of summer is very fresh and tender, can make delicious vegetable, and autumn adopts root and does medicine, best results.Thousand pins
Ten thousand lines grass stewed chicken meat, stewed pork, stewed beef, mutton ginseng and astragali casserole, matelote, stewed Pig spareribses and stewed beefsteak bone, are the medicines liked by the common people
Meals.Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis is perennial herb, is born between height above sea level 1800-3250m jungle and border rock, hillside, road
Other or limes marginis meadow；Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis is cold-resistant, low light tolerance, strong adaptability.Winter Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis aerial part is withered, and rhizome exists
Dormancy under soil protection.At present not yet by the record of artificial introduction and cultivation method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis and its food of making, to solve thousand pins ten thousand
The artificial cultivation of line grass, meets medicinal material market needs；Developing Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis food simultaneously, there is provided food new varieties.
First, the cultural method of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, including soil selection, site preparation and fertilization, planting patterns and management method；Specifically
Measure is as follows：
（1）The purple sand shale sylvan life of planting site 2100-2300 meter of height above sea level of selection faces south hillside fields, average annual 18-20 DEG C of temperature,
The sand of average annual 900-1100 millimeters of rainfall makees wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis planting base；
（2）Site preparation does moisture in the soil and fertilising：During site preparation every mu with 1000 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure plus 20 kilograms of plant ash or potash fertilizer
With soil mix afterwards be used as base manure, make the deep ploughing of 30-35cm depth, base manure is uniformly ploughed under in soil, and with moisture in the soil it is wide 1-1.2 meters,
Depending on the length of moisture in the soil personal attendant plot, moisture in the soil it is high 15-20 centimetres, dead furrow is wide 20-25 centimetres, deep 10-15 centimetres of site preparation.
（3）Overall cool canopy is set up, vinyl house is built, canopy insied width 3m ± 0.5m seniority among brothers and sisters stakes are planted in the middle of moisture in the soil face, every
One moisture in the soil plants a row, and top builds vault, interior outage 150-160cm, top laying plastic sheeting with brandreth, and has stayed operation
Road.
（4）Propagation method：Use seminal propagation；Wild seed must be the previous year or the fresh seeds received then, and one is the spring
Season seeding and seedling raising, then autumn be colonized, two be seeding and seedling raising in the fall, the field planting of Second Year spring；The application rate 4- in every mu of seedbed
5 kilograms, the rice shoot of incubation supplies the cultivation on 9-10 mus of ground；Growth period, canopy temperature is kept for 15-20 DEG C daytime, and night is not less than 5
℃。
（5）Planting type：Moisture in the soil is wide 2-3 meters, cuts fibrous root end before field planting, neat bulb manages into wisp；High moisture in the soil cave is planted,
Line-spacing 13-20cm, hill spacing 10-15cm, per cave 6-8 plants；During plant, it is advisable with not burying leaf sheath, it is steady and sure after plant, in time
Water.
（6）Field management：After a, autumn field planting, it should strengthen rich water quality management, meet the requirement of growth and tiller, with reference to topdressing
Tillage and weeding is carried out, rainy season notices that draining is drained flooded fields, after rainy season, loosens the soil 2-3 times, topdress 1-2 times with reference to weeding, topdresses with dilution
People and animals' liquid dung, phosphate fertilizer and other farm manures；Impose people and animals' liquid dung general in initial bloom stage progress, mu is applied no less than 3000 kilograms；
Full-bloom stage is combined and loosened the soil, and mu applies 30-35 kilograms of calcium superphosphate；B, before severe cold arrival, set up defences frigid zone, prevent in greenhouse periphery
The height in frigid zone is high 1/3 of canopy, and selects other evening or cloudy day, and every mu is applied 2000-3000 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure plus vegetation
30 kilograms of ash or potash fertilizer；C, into after the harvesting age, it has to be noted that the growth of culture underground rhizome, accumulate more nutrient,
Training method：Between it is weak stay strong, weak seedling is transplanted to new moisture in the soil；D, with reference to cold-proof, survive the winter measure when mu manuring, farmyard manure
300 kilograms（The farmyard manure is that rural area is mixed with pig, ox, horse, sheep manure and the soil of various grass and the 15-20% of afore-mentioned materials weight
Close, watering, make water content 30% or so, the fertilizer after stacking fermentation）, it is capped 2-3 centimetres of pine tag covering, treats spring next year
Remove within 10-15 days before emerging；Before e, the defrosting of annual early spring soil, sprouting sprout, the morning and evening of fine day is selected, soil is uniformly sprinkling upon moisture in the soil face
On, soil will be got ready in the first year, be deposited in area without shade and shone warm, can be trained sand soil with improved soil if moisture in the soil face is heavy soil, be tied simultaneously
Weeding hoe is closed, the soil sprinkled is mixed with original soil；
（7）Disease control
Gray mold：260 grams -300 grams of 10% procymidone fumicants of every mu of use of a, it is scattered to light, canopy room is closed, a night is fumigated；b
With 40% diformazan pyrimidine colloidal suspension 1200 times of liquid of agent, or the mould 1000 times of liquid of prestige wettable powder of 65% sulphur bacterium, or 50% iprodione
1000-1600 times of liquid spraying of wettable powder, seven days 1 time, company sprays secondary；Root rot：With 5% Bravo dust agent, every mu
1 kilogram of medication, spray in 7 days is once；Early stage white copper 600 times of liquid of wettable powder of 60% first, or 72% Propamocarb aqua 800
Times 2000 times of liquid of liquid or 60% dimethomorph wettable powder, or 72% white urea mancozeb wettable powders, or 60% amber fosetyl aluminiums can
600 times of liquid irrigating roots of WP or spraying, spray in 10 days once, intersect 2-3 times；Rust：Early stage, can with 16% triazolone
1600 times of liquid of WP, every spray in 10 days once, company sprays secondary；
（8）Pest control
Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis maggot and thrips preventing and treating：In before field planting, or before insect pest occurs, with sugar-vinegar liquid i.e. with edible brown sugar：
Red vinegar：Water is 2:1:5 prepare sugar-vinegar liquid trapping adult；
（9）Harvesting：Autumn branches and leaves select fine day to dig out taproot one by one, remove Miao Ye, soil when starting withered, clean and shine
It is dry, root is adopted for medicine.
Set moisture in the soil wide by the size requirement of 13-20 centimetres of line-spacing, 5-10 centimetres of spacing in the rows during whole moisture in the soil, formation line-spacing is wide, strain
Away from close plant form.
The blanching culture of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis：In the winter time, Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis fleshy root itself nutrient, the dark in cool canopy are utilized
Or nursery bed temperature preferably keeps 15-18 DEG C under low light condition, ventilation is wanted when nursery bed temperature is more than 20-25 DEG C, makes thousand pins ten thousand
Line grass growth forms bud pearl；When i.e. root grows to late October-early November, carefully by stock turn up, do not hinder root, soil is trembled
Fall, be lightly bundled into that about 10 centimetres of diameter is a branch of with straw, temporary parallel is heeled in the shallow ridges that field is excavated, surrounding training thickness
3-5 centimetres of soil, in case cultivation.
Spray insecticide and prevent and treat the mode of larva：A, from 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid or 48% Le Siben missible oil 500
Times 500 times of liquid irrigating roots of liquid or 1.1% matrine pulvis, monthly；B, 10% cyromazine aqueous suspension agent mu are with 75 grams -90 grams with height
Press sprayer to be sprayed along ridge, prevent and treat the ground maggot of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis；C, preventing and treating adult：In adult full incidence period, in morning 9-11 into
During the emergence peak of worm, 2.5% metrifonate pulvis is spread fertilizer over the fields along ridge, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 2-2.6 kilograms, or with 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 800-
1000 times of liquid foliar sprays, or the liquid foliar spray of 2.5% decis 2000, are concentrated to autumn adult, should when endangering serious
Keypoint control.
Wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis can be changed into artificial growth in the manner described above, as long as choosing suitable bar on request
The plot of part, just can extend the plantation amount of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, so as to increase stock number, solve Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, deficient problem,
For the medicinal and edible Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis raw material for providing abundance, the Income of peasant in eligible region is also solved.
2nd, the food that Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis makes
（1）Herbal cuisine is made based on Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis：
A Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis stewing native chickens：First the complete Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis of coring is bubbled open with clear water, then free range chicken is slaughtered dry
Net scald removes watery blood, enters marmite or saucepan plus cold water burns rolling, add ginger splices cooking wine deodorization, water adds Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis after opening, specifically
Mode is 1.5-3 kilograms of the free range chicken plus 60-80 grams, 20-25 grams jujube of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, 10-15 grams of matrimony vine killed, and small fire is stewed slowly
2 hours；Appropriate salt and monosodium glutamate are sprinkled into when taking the dish out of the pot；
B Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis fricassees：30-60 grams of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, 500 grams of meat, 10-15 grams of green onion, 15-20 grams of ginger, flower
5-10 grams of green pepper, aniseed 5-10 sections, 5-10 grams of cooking wine, the meat are the lean meat of pig, ox, sheep or fish；Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis is first ground into medicine
End, then lean meat clean, section, upper pot stir-frying to whole discolorations；It is put into medicine end to mix thoroughly, adds green onion section, ginger splices, Chinese prickly ash, aniseed,
Water cooking wine, injected clear water, with slow fire stew to meat it is ripe it is rotten pull green onion section, ginger splices, Chinese prickly ash, aniseed out, add refined salt, monosodium glutamate and mix up i.e.
Into；
C Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis stewes chop：60-120 grams of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, fresh 1000 grams of chop, 10-15 grams of green onion, ginger
15-20 grams, 5-10 grams of Chinese prickly ash, 10-15 grams of capsicum, 10-15 grams of matrimony vine, 20-25 grams of jujube, 5-10 grams of aniseed, 5-10 grams of cooking wine,
The chop is pig, ox, Mutton chops；First Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis is bubbled open or ground with clear water, fresh chop is cleaned, and enters marmite or saucepan
Plus cold water burns rolling, ginger splices cooking wine deodorization is added；Water adds Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis and jujube after opening, small fire stewes 2 hours slowly；Take the dish out of the pot
Appropriate salt, monosodium glutamate is sprinkled into mix up.
Above is being the method that raw material makes herbal cuisine with Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis and chicken, beef or mutton or chop or the flesh of fish.
（2）Can is made based on Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis：Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, Xuanwei coal pork is used to process based on raw material
Can, manufacture craft is as follows：
1st, material storage：The freezer that the raw material got ready is stored in subzero less than 18 degrees Celsius is standby；
2nd, stripping and slicing：It is first slitting with meat block slicing machine the pork or beef of freezing, then 3-5 centimeter squares are cut into successively
Fritter；
3rd, thaw：Meat is spread on the table, is not higher than in temperature in the environment of 10 degrees Celsius, places 10-12 hour,
Naturally to thaw is carried out, has been softened with hand pressing cube meat standby；
4th, cleaning is arranged：The cube meat thawed, cleaned twice, be poured on pigeonholes with clear water, picked on removal meat
Impurity is standby；
5th, pickle：In weighing area, salt-mixture is prepared, configuration proportion is：Salt 98%, sugar 1.5%, natrium nitrosum 0.5% is mixed
It is even, according to the ratio of 25 grams of compounds of every 1 kilogram of meat, compound is sprinkling upon on meat, uniform stirring, the cube meat handled well is put into
12 to 24 hours are pickled in butcher's meat tank；
6th, precook：Before precooking, prepare one by aniseed, Chinese prickly ash, cassia bark, onion, fresh ginger-chip etc. is installed with gauze bag
Material bag, the water in blanching bath is burnt more than 50 degrees Celsius afterwards, preprepared material bag is added, after ten minutes, smells
The given out fragrance of material bag, now, pours into the beef or pork pickled, is constantly stirred with bamboo strainer, boil to boiling, work as boiling
Rise after 3-5 minutes, meat have eight points it is ripe when, cut cube meat, observation the inside without the trace of blood, meat is pulled out weigh it is standby；Simultaneously
Clean Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis is cooked with blanching bath and pulled out, workbench is put and cools, progress is weighed standby；
7th, slack tank is sterilized：Boiling hot tank machine, add water and be warming up to more than 80 DEG C, the slack tank got ready is put into boiling hot tank machine, automatic spray
Sterilization is drenched, qualified use is examined；
8th, tinning：
Using hand caging, based on the weight that tin can is accommodated, load the Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis of total amount 58-61% curing,
Load the cube meat of 42-39% amounts.
It is to make Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis canned pack according to above-mentioned steps, can be preserved 6 months into market, is a kind of convenient
Edible Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis food.
Embodiment
The cultural method of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, including soil selection, site preparation and fertilization, planting patterns and management method；Specific step
It is rapid as follows：
（1）Wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis is born between the hillside of 1800-3200 meters of height above sea level, jungle, border rock, belongs to perennial grass
This plant.The now husky shale sylvan life of the purple of 2100-2300 meters of height above sea level of selection, hillside fields, average annual 18-20 DEG C of temperature, drop every year on the sunny side
900-1100 millimeters of rainfall, the humiture of soil is more adapted to the cultivation of wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis.
（2）Site preparation does moisture in the soil and fertilising：After 1 plant of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, no longer turned in 2 years, and in the winter time can be soft
Change cultivation, winter blanching culture mode is bed temperature using Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis fleshy root itself nutrient, under dark or low light condition
Kept for 15-18 DEG C, want ventilation when bed temperature is more than 20-25 DEG C, make Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis grow to form bud pearl, be spring next year
Numerous offer seedling is provided.When i.e. stock grows to late October-early November, carefully by stock turn up, do not hinder root, soil is trembled
Fall, be lightly bundled into that about 10 centimetres of diameter is a branch of with straw, temporary parallel is heeled in the shallow ridges that field is excavated, surrounding ridging is thick
3-5 centimetres of degree, in case cultivation.Therefore, base manure is being used sufficient：Every mu public with 1000 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure plus plant ash or potash fertilizer 20
Jin is mixed with soil to be used as on the basis of base manure afterwards, is once deep ploughed, the depth of deep ploughing typically should in the range of 30-35cm, and
It is wide and spacing in the rows is close with line-spacing, i.e., 13-20 centimetres of line-spacing, 5-10 centimetres of spacing in the rows requirement design moisture in the soil it is wide, so moisture in the soil is wide to take 1-1.2
Rice, depending on the length of personal attendant plot, moisture in the soil it is high 15-20 centimetres, dead furrow is wide 20-25 centimetres, deep 10-15 centimetres of site preparation.
（3）Overall cool canopy is set up, vinyl house is built, the cm customization reinforcing bars of the cm of 6 cm of selection × 8 × 200；Build shade
The seniority among brothers and sisters 3m of the concrete stake of canopy, pilespacing 2m, are earthed interior depth 40-50cm, and stake is planted in field, and seniority among brothers and sisters stake should be planted in
In the middle of moisture in the soil face, a row is planted every a moisture in the soil, top builds vault with brandreth, is easy to film to lay and fixed, interior outage 150-
160cm ；Plastic covering film, and stayed work road.
（4）Propagation method：Use seminal propagation；Seed must be the previous year or the fresh seeds received then, and one is to broadcast in spring
Kind of nursery, then autumn be colonized, two be seeding and seedling raising, the field planting of Second Year spring in the fall；The application rate 4-5 in every mu of seedbed is public
Jin, the rice shoot of incubation supplies the cultivation on 9-10 mus of ground；Growth period, canopy temperature keeps 15-20 DEG C, 5-7 DEG C of night daytime.
（5）Planting type：Moisture in the soil is wide 2-3 meters, and anti-frigid zone 1 meter wide is set in its north side, fibrous root end is cut before field planting
Fall, neat bulb is processed into wisp；High moisture in the soil cave is planted, line-spacing 13-20cm, hill spacing 10-15cm, is advisable per cave 6-8 plants.During plant,
It is advisable with not burying leaf sheath, it is steady and sure after plant, root water is poured in time.
（6）Field management：
After a, autumn field planting, the growth of leaf is rapid, and tillering ability is also relatively strong, should now strengthen rich water quality management, meet growth and
The requirement of tiller；With reference to carry out tillage and weeding of topdressing, rainy season notices that draining is drained flooded fields, and after rainy season, is loosened the soil 2-3 times with reference to weeding,
Topdress 1-2 times, topdress preferably people and animals' liquid dung, phosphate fertilizer and the farmyard manure of dilution, impose people and animals' liquid dung and typically carried out in initial bloom stage,
Mu applies 250-300 kilograms；Full-bloom stage is combined and loosened the soil, and mu applies 30-35 kilograms of calcium superphosphate.
B, before severe cold, set up defences frigid zone in greenhouse periphery, the height in anti-frigid zone started at from ground be canopy it is high 1/
3, constituted with straw mat bedding, now and apply and once weigh fertilizer, that is, select other evening or cloudy day, every mu is applied well-rotted farmyard manure 2000-
3000 kilograms plus 30 kilograms of plant ash or potash fertilizer, to promote growth.With reference to it is cold-proof, survive the winter measure when mu manuring, farmyard manure 300
Kilogram, it is capped 2-3 centimetres of pine tag covering, treats that spring next year removes for 10-15 days before emerging.
C, into after the harvesting age, it has to be noted that it is weak to stay strong, weak seedling is transplanted to new moisture in the soil face continued growth；To promote
Enter the growth of the underground rhizome of strong sprout, accumulate more nutrient；
Avoid injuring the separate living tissue and young shoot of leaf sheath when d, harvesting, influence the yield of next time.And by life for many years
After length, tiller, jump root（The jump root：The Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis of artificial cultivation is needed continuously after surviving using for many years, often receives one
Stubble, root will grow a small mush, root and just ride out 0.5-1 centimetres upwards, and the root of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis jumps near the ground too early, belongs to
A kind of normal physiological phenomenon of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, this phenomenon is commonly called as " jump root ".）, plant is crowded mutually, and tiller is tiny, yield
Decline, old root, old leaf are now removed in time, is earthed up, applied fertilizer, promote restoration ecosystem.
E, ridging are an important process in Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis management, and it is relevant with jumping root to earth up, and ridging is to maintain
Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis stable high yield, extension the life-span and prevent lodging an important measures, jump root height be earth up thickness foundation,
That is jump root will can be buried 1-2 centimetres by ridging thickness.Before annual early spring soil defrosting, sprouting sprout, the morning and evening of fine day is selected, soil
Moisture in the soil face uniformly is sprinkling upon, soil will be ready in the first year, is deposited in and shines warm on the sunny side, sand soil can be trained with conditioned soil if moisture in the soil face is heavy soil
Earth, is mixed in combination with weeding hoe with original soil.The number of times of harvesting is more, and the distance for jumping root is bigger.Thus Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis grows
Year is more, and new root is largely all distributed in the top layer of soil, to earth up in good time every year.
（7）Disease pest control of insect：
Gray mold：A, every mu of 260 grams -300 grams of 10% procymidone fumicants of use, it is scattered to light, canopy room is closed, a night is fumigated；
B, with 40% diformazan pyrimidine colloidal suspension 1200 times of liquid of agent, or the mould 1000 times of liquid of prestige wettable powder of 65% sulphur bacterium, or 50% different bacterium
The 1000-1600 times of liquid spraying of urea wettable powder, seven days 1 time, company sprays secondary.
Root rot：With 5% Bravo dust agent, every mu of 1 kilogram of medication, spray in 7 days is once；The early stage white copper of 60% first
600 times of liquid of wettable powder, or 2000 times of liquid of 72% Propamocarb aqua, 800 times of liquid or 60% dimethomorph wettable powder, or 72%
White urea mancozeb wettable powders, or 60% 600 times of liquid irrigating roots of amber fosetyl aluminiums wettable powder or spraying, spray for 10 days（Fill）Once,
Cross-reference 2-3 times.
Rust：Early stage, with 16% trazodone wettable powder, 1600 times of liquid, every spray in 10 days once, company sprays secondary.
Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis ground maggot and thrips：These insect pests are prevented and treated, in before field planting, or before insect pest occurs, are with sugar-vinegar liquid
Use edible brown sugar：Red vinegar：Water is 2:1:5 oneself prepare sugar-vinegar liquid trapping adult, it is also possible to which pesticide spraying is prevented and treated, but should avoid making
Use hypertoxic persistent pesticide.
Preventing and treating ground maggot larva：It is bitter from 500 times of liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid or 48% Le Siben missible oil or 1.1%
Join ground caustic 500 times of liquid irrigating roots of agent, monthly.10% cyromazine aqueous suspension agent mu is sprayed with 75 grams -90 grams with high-pressure sprayer along ridge
Medicine, to Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis maggot prevention effect it is notable；
Preventing and treating ground maggot adult：In adult full incidence period, 2.5% metrifonate pulvis is spread fertilizer over the fields along ridge, every mu spread fertilizer over the fields 2-2.6 kilograms or
With 800-1000 times of liquid of 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate or the liquid foliar spray of 2.5% decis 2000, during morning 9-11 for adult plumage
Spraying is preferable when changing peak, is concentrated to autumn adult, and keypoint control is answered when endangering serious.
（8）Harvesting：The root that Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis summer adopts is very fresh and tender, and the vegetable made is delicious,；Autumn branches and leaves start to wither
When select fine day to dig out taproot one by one, remove Miao Ye, soil, shine dry cleaning, it is optimal that autumn adopts root drug effect.
（9）Processing：The product of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis whole strain harvesting, selects fine day to carry out cleaning seedling leaf, soil, dry into drying chamber
Dry processing, packaging, are housed in ventilation, dry in shady and cool storehouse, feed medicine and use.
2nd, the food that Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis makes
（1）Herbal cuisine is made based on Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis：
A Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis stewing native chickens：First the complete Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis of coring is bubbled open with clear water, then free range chicken is slaughtered totally
Scald and remove watery blood, enter marmite or saucepan plus cold water burns rolling, add ginger splices cooking wine deodorization；Water adds Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis after opening, and has killed
1.5-3 kilograms of free range chicken, plus 60-80 grams, 20-25 grams jujube of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, 10-15 grams of matrimony vine, small fire stew 2 hours slowly；
When taking the dish out of the pot salt i.e. edible is sprinkled into according to respective taste；
B Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis is stewed（Pig, ox, sheep, fish）Meat：30-60 grams of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, pig（Ox, sheep, fish）Lean meat 500
Gram, 10-15 grams of green onion, 15-20 grams of ginger, 5-10 grams of Chinese prickly ash, aniseed 5-10 sections, 5-10 grams of cooking wine.First Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis is ground,
Pig（Ox, sheep, fish）Lean meat is cleaned, section, and upper pot stir-frying is put into medicine end and mixes thoroughly to whole discolorations, add green onion section, ginger splices, Chinese prickly ash,
Aniseed, waters cooking wine, and injected clear water stewes it with slow fire, to meat it is ripe it is rotten pull green onion section, ginger splices, Chinese prickly ash, aniseed out, add refined salt, taste
Accurate adjustment is good.
C Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis stewes pig（Ox, support）Chop：60-120 grams of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, pig（Ox, sheep）Fresh chop 1000
Gram, 10-15 grams of green onion, 15-20 grams of ginger, 5-10 grams of Chinese prickly ash, 10-15 grams of capsicum, 10-15 grams of matrimony vine, 20-25 grams of jujube, aniseed
5-10 grams, 5-10 grams of cooking wine.First Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis is bubbled open or ground with clear water, pig（Ox, sheep）Fresh chop clean, enter marmite or
Saucepan adds cold water to burn rolling, adds ginger splices cooking wine deodorization；Water adds Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis and jujube after opening, small fire stewes 2 hours slowly.
Take the dish out of the pot and be sprinkled into salt, monosodium glutamate and mix up in right amount.
（2）Can is made based on Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis：Raw material → pre-treatment → processing → inspection → packaging（Tank）→ market
Sale.
Based on the raw materials such as the distinctive Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis in Yunnan, Xuanwei coal pork, processed can, gained finished product is existing
The distinctive fragrance of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis, has the meat of Xuanwei coal pork fragrant again, is Xuanwei ham can deep processing increase series of products
New thinking is provided.
1st, raw material is selected：The quality of raw material can directly influence the quality of product, so the selection of raw material is particularly significant, often
When secondary raw material is marched into the arena, the meat for verification of conformity of being quarantined with animal product can just be stored in freezer.Temperature in freezer will be maintained at zero
Lower less than 18 degrees Celsius, staff will observe at any time, start cooling.
2nd, stripping and slicing：After material storage and sterilization preparation terminate, it is possible to start to produce.Produce every time when
Wait, the species that workman can be according to canned meat transfers raw material at any time out of freezer.Raw material transports to what the workshop first step to be done
It is exactly stripping and slicing, it is first slitting with meat block slicing machine the pork or beef of freezing, then the fritter of 3-5 centimeter squares is cut into successively.
Note, in order to prevent the taint of odour youngster between meat, beef and pork are cut with special meat block slicing machine, it is impossible to mixed to cut on the same stage
Meat machine.
After cube meat is cut, charging tray is initially charged with, in order to avoid wasting, remaining residual meat on operating desk is also collected into basin
In, also the meat slag on ground is cleared up in time.
After each machine use, it will clean in time.
3rd, thaw：Raw material thaws, and exactly the cube meat cut in charging tray, spreads on the table, not high in central temperature
In the environment of 10 degrees Celsius, 10-12 hour is placed, naturally to thaw is carried out, after defrosting, cube meat can be pressed with hand, examined
Whether meat softens, after meat thaws completely, can just carry out following operation.
4th, cleaning is arranged：The cube meat thawed, find in basin, be put into after charging tray, plus clear water is cleaned, cleaning two
Secondary, the meat after cleaning will be poured on pigeonholes, the impurity on meat is picked out, with the operation after facilitating.Waste residue after cleaning
Discarded object tray is poured into, waste treatment is done.
5th, pickle：Cube meat is put in order, and what is done below is exactly to pickle.Before pickling, first to prepare mixed in weighing area
Salt is closed, configuration proportion is：Salt 98%, sugar 1.5%, natrium nitrosum 0.5%.
Salt-mixture is prepared, and starts to pickle, and first the meat cleaned up, is placed on operating desk, then according to every 1 kilogram
The ratio of 25 grams of salt-mixtures of meat, salt-mixture is sprinkling upon on meat, is uniformly stirred, after being stirred, and is put into butcher's meat tank, is pickled
Purpose be that salting period is generally 12 to 24 hours, after pickling in order to play a part of seasoning and color protection, the color meeting of meat
Deepen.
6th, precook：Before precooking, we will first arrive weighing area, prepare a material bag, so-called material bag be exactly aniseed,
Chinese prickly ash, cassia bark, onion, fresh ginger-chip etc. is installed with gauze bag, when the water in blanching bath then being burnt more than 50-60 degrees Celsius,
Preprepared material bag is added, after about ten minutes, the given out fragrance of material bag can be smelt, salted down at this point it is possible to pour into
The beef made, is constantly stirred with bamboo strainer, is boiled to boiling, after seething with excitement 3-5 minutes, when about eight points of meat is ripe, can be cut
Open inside cube meat viewing color, such as fruit pulp without the obvious trace of blood, it is possible to meat is pulled out, weighed.It will clean simultaneously
Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis be cooked and pull out with blanching bath, put workbench and cool, weighed.
7th, slack tank is sterilized：Slack tank sterilization namely scald tank process, method be exactly boiling hot tank machine, add water be warming up to 80 DEG C with
On, slack tank is put into boiling hot tank machine, automatic spray sterilization is carried out.After slack tank sterilization, workman will test to tank body, from conjunction
The slack tank of lattice.
8th, tinning：
Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis canned ham uses hand caging, and method is：First load appropriate cube meat in slack tank, enter
Row is weighed, by taking 425 grams of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis canned ham as an example, and the weight of general ham is conjunction in the range of 160 grams -165 grams
Lattice, then on the upper strata of ham, load the Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis precooked and cooled, and in order to ensure the grams requirement of product, to enter again
Row is weighed, and scope of weighing now should be at 240 grams -245 grams.
Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis canned pork or canned beef is made in the manner described above.
After filling, inspection of weighing also is carried out, by taking 425 grams of can as an example, the weight of can is more than or few after tinning
In 425 grams, it will be fed or material reducing adjustment, the standard of error is 1 gram.
To ensure the quality requirement of product, inspection of weighing needs to carry out twice, can just enter sealing treatment.
9th, seal：
Before sealing work formally starts, it will typically be tested in sealing part with several samples, examine sealing machine
Whether running status is good.It is referred to as destructive detection in industry.After destructiveness detection is qualified, it is possible to start formal sealing
Work, examine three rates to inspect two tanks by random samples every time every sampling observation in two hours once.
10th, cleaning of evaporator：The can after sealing, can washing machine is put one by one, and can washing machine can be carried out to greasy dirt of tank surface etc.
Comprehensively cleaning, after cleaning is finished, can piling up in sterilization cage successively.
11st, sterilization cooling：The good can of cage ISN is promoted retort, tightened after sterilization pot cover, according to every kind of can
Different speciality sets corresponding sterilization temperature.Reach after corresponding sterilizing time, equitemperature to be cooled to 40 degrees centigrades
When, draining valve can be just opened, the cooling water in net pot is put, pot cover is opened, sterilization cage is pulled out, can is taken out.
12nd, tank is wiped：Can after sterilization is needed by can drier, complete it is a series of the work such as rinse, dry, drying,
Along chain, arrival has the heat room that special messenger is responsible for.
13rd, inspection is played in insulation：Heat room is in order to ensure the quality of can, to exclusively carry out short-term stock and the ground examined is beaten in insulation
Side, the temperature of heat room is generally 38 degrees Celsius, into the can of heat room, and sampling inspection can be just done at second day, inspection
The method tested is：Two tanks are extracted in every batch of can, are tested to control laboratory.
The content of inspection includes the net weight of the inspection of sodium chloride content, the inspection of vacuum, and can, meat it is close
Degree, the inspection of smell and mouthfeel.
（1）Sodium chloride index content detection, the content of sodium chloride should be 1.0-2.5 %
（2）Bright-coloured pink, Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis should be presented in light golden yellow in organoleptic detection, the color of cube meat.
（3）The detection flavour and smell free from extraneous odour of mouthfeel.
（4）Tissue morphology observes cube meat, and meat tissue tight is delicate, there is good elastic sensation；Surfacing, no unfilled corner,
Do not glue tank；Tangent plane has obvious coarse groove folder flower；Allow have spilehole.
（5）The detection of vacuum.Can is put on horizontal plane, is rapidly inserted into the needle point of vacuum meter in can, at this moment
If the numerical value on vacuum meter is more suitable in 0.02 atm higher.
Only professional, by instrument it is qualified to the examination and test of products of sampling observation after, inspector can just provide product inspection
Report, completes the scientific verification to product.
Can after sampling inspection, is placed seven days in heat room, when the 3rd day, and staff can be with special
Gavel to can knocking one by one, listen to the sound of knocking, observe the surface of tank body, for checking the low vacuum of can and swollen
The situation of tank, is such as pinpointed the problems, and underproof can is rejected in time.
It is stable in order to ensure the character of can, it is necessary to which carrying out insulation again plays inspection, the method for inspection when the 7th day
It is identical with the 3rd day.
14th, packaging and storage：The can of seven days is placed in heat room, insulation is have passed through and plays inspection, after determining that character is stable, so that it may
Case.
Claims (4)
1. wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis inoculation method, it is characterised in that take following measure：（1）Planting site selects height above sea level
The husky shale sylvan life of 2100-2300 meters of purple faces south hillside fields, average annual 18-20 DEG C of temperature, average annual rainfall 900-1100 millis
The sand of rice makees wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis planting base；（2）Site preparation does moisture in the soil and fertilising：Every mu of use is become thoroughly decomposed agriculture during site preparation
20 kilograms of 1000 kilograms of family's fertilizer plus potash fertilizer are mixed with soil and are used as base manure afterwards, make the deep ploughing of 30-35cm depth, make base manure equal
Even ploughs under in soil, and so that moisture in the soil is wide 1-1.2 meters, depending on the length of moisture in the soil personal attendant plot, moisture in the soil it is high 15-20 centimetres, the wide 20- of dead furrow
25 centimetres, deep 10-15 centimetres of site preparation；（3）Overall cool canopy is set up, vinyl house, canopy insied width 3m ± 0.5m rows is built
Row stake is planted in the middle of moisture in the soil face, plants a row every a moisture in the soil, top builds vault, the interior -160cm of outage 150, top with brandreth
Plastic sheeting is laid, and has stayed work road；（4）Propagation method：Use seminal propagation；Wild seed must be the previous year or work as
The seed year received, one is spring seeding and seedling raising, then autumn be colonized, two be seeding and seedling raising in the fall, the field planting of Second Year spring；
4-5 kilograms of the application rate in every mu of seedbed, the rice shoot of incubation supplies the cultivation on 9-10 mu of ground；Growth period, canopy Wen Bai
It is kept for 15-20 DEG C, and night is not less than 5 DEG C；（5）Planting type：Moisture in the soil is wide 2-3 meters, by fibrous root end before field planting
End is cut, and neat bulb manages into wisp；High moisture in the soil cave is planted ,-the 20cm of the line-spacing 13 ,-15cm of hill spacing 10, per cave 6-8
Strain；It is steady and sure after plant not bury leaf sheath as degree during plant, water in time；（6）Field management：After a, autumn field planting,
Rich water quality management should be strengthened, the requirement of growth and tiller is met, with reference to carry out tillage and weeding of topdressing, rainy season notices that draining is drained flooded fields, rain
After season, loosen the soil 2-3 times, topdress 1-2 times with reference to weeding, people and animals' liquid dung, phosphate fertilizer and the other farm manures topdressed with dilution
；People and animals' liquid dung is imposed in initial bloom stage, mu is applied no less than 3000 kilograms；Full-bloom stage is combined and loosened the soil, and mu applies calcium superphosphate 30-35
Kilogram；B, before severe cold arrival, set up defences frigid zone in greenhouse periphery, the height in anti-frigid zone started at from ground be canopy it is high 1/
3, and select at dusk or cloudy, every mu is applied 2000-3000 kilograms of well-rotted farmyard manure plus 30 kilograms of plant ash or potash fertilizer；c、
Into after the harvesting age, it has to be noted that the growth of culture underground rhizome, more nutrient, training method are accumulated：Between weak stay
It is strong, weak seedling is transplanted to new moisture in the soil；D, with reference to cold-proof, survive the winter measure when mu manuring, 300 kilograms of farmyard manure, capping
2-3 centimetres of pine tag covering, treat that spring next year removes for 10-15 days before emerging；E, annual early spring soil thaw, sprouting sprouts
Before hair, the morning and evening of fine day is selected, soil is uniformly sprinkling upon on moisture in the soil face, soil will be got ready in the first year, area without shade is deposited in and shines warm, if moisture in the soil face is
Heavy soil need to train sand soil with improved soil, in combination with weeding hoe, the soil sprinkled is mixed with original soil；（7）Disease control ash
Mildew：260 grams -300 grams of 10% procymidone fumicants of every mu of use of a, it is scattered to light, canopy room is closed, a night is fumigated；B is again
With 40% diformazan pyrimidine colloidal suspension 1200 times of liquid of agent, or 65% sulphur bacterium, 1000 times of liquid of mould prestige wettable powder, or
50% 1000-1600 times of iprodione wettable powder liquid is sprayed, seven days 1 time, and company sprays secondary；Root rot：With 5%
Bravo dust agent, every mu of 1 kilogram of medication, spray in 7 days is once；The early stage white copper wettable powder 600 of 60% first
Times liquid, or 2000 times of liquid of 72% Propamocarb aqua, 800 times of liquid or 60% dimethomorph wettable powder, or 72% frost
Urea mancozeb wettable powder, or 60% 600 times of liquid irrigating roots of amber fosetyl aluminium wettable powder or spraying, spray one in 10 days
It is secondary, intersect 2-3 times；Rust：Early stage, with 16% trazodone wettable powder, 1600 times of liquid, every 10 days
Once, company sprays secondary for spray；（8）Pest control Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis maggot and thrips preventing and treating：In before field planting, or insect pest occurs
Before, with sugar-vinegar liquid i.e. with edible brown sugar：Red vinegar：Water is 2:1:5 prepare sugar-vinegar liquid trapping adult；Or sprinkling insecticide pesticide
Preventing and treating；（9）Harvesting：Autumn branches and leaves select fine day to dig out taproot one by one, remove Miao Ye, soil when starting withered, clean and shine
It is dry, root is adopted for medicine.
2. the wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis inoculation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that line-spacing 13- is pressed during whole moisture in the soil
20 centimetres, the size of 5-10 centimetres of spacing in the rows require to set moisture in the soil wide, form the plant form that line-spacing is wide, spacing in the rows is close.
3. the wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis inoculation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the softening of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis
Cultivation：In the winter time, using Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis fleshy root itself nutrient, under the dark or low light condition of cool canopy, nursery bed temperature is protected
15-18 DEG C is held, ventilation is wanted when nursery bed temperature is more than 20 DEG C, makes Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis grow to form bud pearl；I.e. root is grown to
During the last ten-days period in October-the first tenday period of a month in November, carefully by stock turn up, do not hinder root, soil is shaken off, is lightly bundled into straw straight
About 10 centimetres of footpath is a branch of, and temporary parallel is heeled in the shallow ridges that field is excavated, and surrounding trains the soil of 3-5 centimetres of thickness, in case
Cultivation.
4. the wild Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis inoculation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that preventing and treating ground maggot of spraying insecticide
With the mode of thrips larva：A, from 500 times of liquid of 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid or 48% Le Siben missible oil or
1.1% 500 times of matrine pulvis liquid irrigating root, monthly；B, 10% cyromazine aqueous suspension agent mu are with 75 grams -90 grams
Sprayed with high-pressure sprayer along ridge, prevent and treat the ground maggot of Radix Stellariae Yunnanensis；Prevent and treat adult：In adult full incidence period, in morning 9-11
When adult emergence peak when, spread fertilizer over the fields 2.5% metrifonate pulvis along ridge, every mu is spread fertilizer over the fields 2-2.6 kilograms, or with 40% pungent sulphur
Emulphors 800-1000 times of liquid foliar spray of oil, or the liquid foliar spray of 2.5% decis 2000, occur to autumn adult
Concentrate, keypoint control is answered when endangering serious.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102823405A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2012-12-19 | 高亮 | Ginseng for treating high blood pressure and culture process of ginseng |
| CN103875403A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-25 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Mountainous area non-reclaimed slope water-collecting and fertilizer-maintaining forest medicine ecological combined method |
| CN104255255A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-01-07 | 维西傈山中药材经营有限公司 | Method for breeding rhizoma panacis majoris seedlings in high and cold areas |
| CN104663234A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-06-03 | 宣威市美睿农业开发有限责任公司 | Acclimation method of wild rhizoma panacis majoris |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102823405A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2012-12-19 | 高亮 | Ginseng for treating high blood pressure and culture process of ginseng |
| CN103875403A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-25 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Mountainous area non-reclaimed slope water-collecting and fertilizer-maintaining forest medicine ecological combined method |
| CN104255255A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-01-07 | 维西傈山中药材经营有限公司 | Method for breeding rhizoma panacis majoris seedlings in high and cold areas |
| CN104663234A (en) * | 2015-03-23 | 2015-06-03 | 宣威市美睿农业开发有限责任公司 | Acclimation method of wild rhizoma panacis majoris |
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