CN104979496A - 一种高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/09—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜及制备方法。该铝塑膜具有层状结构,由内到外依次为改性聚丙烯层、第一胶粘剂层、铝箔层、第二胶粘剂层、聚乙烯层、第三胶粘剂层、聚对苯二甲酸聚酯层。本发明具有高阻隔、易成型、高热封等优异性能,可提升锂离子电池芯的包装质量,延长锂离子电池的使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电池包装材料领域,特别涉及一种高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜。
背景技术
聚合物锂离子电池由于具有比液态锂离子电池更轻重量、电压高、容量大、寿命长、自放电低、无记忆效应和安全性等优点,其已被广泛应用于手机、平板电脑、便携摄像机、DVD影碟机等电池中,需求量呈快速增加趋势。
铝塑膜是聚合物锂离子电池的封装材料,其替代传统的钢壳对锂离子进行保护,铝塑膜具有重量轻、阻隔性和延展性好等优点,很好地保护了聚合物锂离子电池。由于聚合物锂离子电池中含有多种有机溶剂和锂盐,如碳酸乙烯酯(EC)、碳酸丙烯酯(PC)、二乙基碳酸酯(DEC)、二甲氧基乙烷(DME)、二甲基碳酸酯(DMC)、六氟磷酸锂(LiPF6)、六氟砷酸锂(LiASF6)等,这些溶剂具有极性和渗透性强的特征,同时电池中的锂盐极易水解,遇水能迅速产生强腐蚀性的氢氟酸和其他气体,造成电池鼓气、循环寿命下降和其他电性能(容量、绝缘性等)降低,甚至导致电池快速失效;另外,电池在高温、高压下热封过程中,电池电芯周边的金属毛刺可能会刺穿包装材料,导致电解液流出或电池短路,因此作为聚合物锂离子电池的包装材料需经受电池加工过程及后续应用过程长时间及环境侵蚀等影响因素对包装材料质量变化的考验,所以普通的铝塑膜并不能满足聚合物锂离子电池包装材料性能的要求,在聚合物锂离子电池中通常要求其包装材料具有极高的阻隔性、良好的冷冲压成型性、耐穿刺性、耐电解液稳定性及绝缘热封性能等。因此需求一种高性能的包装铝塑膜。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜及制备方法,该铝塑膜具有优异的阻隔性能、热封性能、延展性能及耐腐蚀性能。
本发明的技术方案为:一种高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜,包括改性聚丙烯层、第一胶粘剂层、铝箔层、第二胶粘剂层、聚乙烯层、第三胶粘剂层、聚对苯二甲酸聚酯层;所述铝塑膜由内到外依次为改性聚丙烯层、第一胶粘剂层、铝箔层、第二胶粘剂层、聚乙烯层、第三胶粘剂层、聚对苯二甲酸聚酯层。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,所述改性聚丙烯层的材料为聚丙烯和环烯烃类共聚物共挤或环烯烃类共聚物、聚丙烯、聚乙烯三者共挤;所述改性聚丙烯层的厚度为10~100μm。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,所述第一胶粘层、第二胶粘剂层、第三胶粘剂层的材料为单组分聚氨酯胶粘剂、双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂、聚丙烯酸树脂胶粘剂、聚醋酸乙烯胶粘剂、脲醛树脂胶粘剂、环氧树脂胶粘剂中的一种或两种以上组合。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,所述铝箔层材料为软质铝箔,厚度为30~100μm。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,所述铝箔层双面进行铬化化学处理。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,所述铝箔层双面通过硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂的一种或两种进行表面处理。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,所述聚乙烯层厚度为10~80μm,所述聚乙烯层双面进行电晕处理,所述聚乙烯层材料为线性低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、共聚高密度聚乙烯、均聚高密度聚乙烯、改性聚乙烯中的一种或两种以上组合。
作为本发明的一种优选方案,所述对苯二甲酸聚酯层的材料为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、改性聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯中的一种或两种以上组合。
一种制备高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1.对改性聚丙烯膜单面和聚乙烯膜双面进行等离子电晕处理;
2.对铝箔双面进行铬化处理;
3.在改性聚丙烯膜电晕处理面、铝箔单面、聚乙烯膜双面分别涂覆胶粘剂,按改性聚丙烯膜、铝箔、聚乙烯膜、聚对苯二甲酸聚酯膜的层叠顺序进行层压复合,然后进行干燥、熟化、收卷,得到高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜。
有益效果:本发明与现有技术相比,其优点在于:首先,本发明采用改性聚丙烯层作为热封层,可有效增加铝塑膜的阻隔性和化学稳定性;其次,本发明在铝箔层之外设置有聚乙烯层和对苯二甲酸聚酯层,可有效改善铝塑膜的延展性、加工成型性和化学稳定性。同时本发明采用多层复合流延技术生产,工艺技术简单,性能优良。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
其中,1为改性聚丙烯层;2为第一胶粘剂层;3为铝箔层;4为第二胶粘剂层;5为聚乙烯层;6为第三胶粘剂层;7为聚对苯二甲酸聚酯层。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐明本发明。
实施例
如图1所示,本发明提供了一种高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜,包括改性聚丙烯层1、第一胶粘剂层2、铝箔层3、第二胶粘剂层4、聚乙烯层5、第三胶粘剂层6、聚对苯二甲酸聚酯层7;所述铝塑膜由内到外依次为改性聚丙烯层1、第一胶粘剂层2、铝箔层3、第二胶粘剂层4、聚乙烯层5、第三胶粘剂层6、聚对苯二甲酸聚酯层7。
所述改性聚丙烯层1的材料为聚丙烯和环烯烃类共聚物共挤或环烯烃类共聚物、聚丙烯、聚乙烯三者共挤。所述改性聚丙烯层1的颜色为透明或白色,应用温度范围在80℃~350℃,厚度为10~100μm。
所述第一胶粘层2、第二胶粘剂层4、第三胶粘剂层6的材料为单组分聚氨酯胶粘剂、双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂、聚丙烯酸树脂胶粘剂、聚醋酸乙烯胶粘剂、脲醛树脂胶粘剂、环氧树脂胶粘剂中的一种或两种以上组合。胶粘剂的粘结方式可采用-OH与-NCO交联固化的方式进行复合粘结,胶粘剂的厚度优选为2-6μm。
所述铝箔层3为软质铝箔,厚度为30-100μm。所述铝箔层3双面进行铬化化学处理或通过硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂的一种或两种进行表面处理。
所述聚乙烯层5厚度为10~80μm,所述聚乙烯层5双面进行电晕处理,所述聚乙烯层5材料为线性低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、共聚高密度聚乙烯、均聚高密度聚乙烯、改性聚乙烯中的一种或两种以上组合。
所述对苯二甲酸聚酯层7的材料为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、改性聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯中的一种或两种以上组合,对苯二甲酸聚酯层7厚度优选30-40μm。
一种制备高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)对改性聚丙烯膜单面和聚乙烯膜双面进行等离子电晕处理;
2)对铝箔双面进行铬化处理;
3)在改性聚丙烯膜电晕处理面、铝箔单面、聚乙烯膜双面分别涂覆胶粘剂,按改性聚丙烯膜、铝箔、聚乙烯膜、聚对苯二甲酸聚酯膜的层叠顺序进行层压复合,然后进行干燥、熟化、收卷,得到高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜。
本发明的产品经过测定达到以下指标:
1.剥离强度测试:电解液浸泡85℃、7天,层间剥离强度大于等于8N/15mm;
2.抗渗透性测试:在60℃的水中浸泡14天,无分层,重量变化小于0.05克。
3.用生产现场模具成型,用卡尺测成型深度,最大冲深为双面冲深。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以作出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜,其特征在于,包括改性聚丙烯层、第一胶粘剂层、铝箔层、第二胶粘剂层、聚乙烯层、第三胶粘剂层、聚对苯二甲酸聚酯层;所述铝塑膜由内到外依次为改性聚丙烯层、第一胶粘剂层、铝箔层、第二胶粘剂层、聚乙烯层、第三胶粘剂层、聚对苯二甲酸聚酯层。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜,其特征在于,所述改性聚丙烯层的材料为聚丙烯和环烯烃类共聚物共挤或环烯烃类共聚物、聚丙烯、聚乙烯三者共挤;所述改性聚丙烯层的厚度为10~100μm。
3.根据权利要求1中所述的高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜,其特征在于,所述第一胶粘层、第二胶粘剂层、第三胶粘剂层的材料为单组分聚氨酯胶粘剂、双组分聚氨酯胶粘剂、聚丙烯酸树脂胶粘剂、聚醋酸乙烯胶粘剂、脲醛树脂胶粘剂、环氧树脂胶粘剂中的一种或两种以上组合。
4.根据权利要求1中所述的高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜,其特征在于,所述铝箔层材料为软质铝箔,厚度为30~100μm。
5.根据权利要求4中所述的高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜,其特征在于,所述铝箔层双面进行铬化化学处理。
6.根据权利要求4中所述的高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜,其特征在于,所述铝箔层双面通过硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂的一种或两种进行表面处理。
7.根据权利要求4中所述的高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜,其特征在于,所述聚乙烯层厚度为10~80μm,所述聚乙烯层双面进行电晕处理,所述聚乙烯层材料为线性低密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、共聚高密度聚乙烯、均聚高密度聚乙烯、改性聚乙烯中的一种或两种以上组合。
8.根据权利要求4中所述的高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜,其特征在于,所述对苯二甲酸聚酯层的材料为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、改性聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯中的一种或两种以上组合。
9.一种制备权利要求1~8任一项所述的高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1.对改性聚丙烯膜单面和聚乙烯膜双面进行等离子电晕处理;
2.对铝箔双面进行铬化处理;
3.在改性聚丙烯膜电晕处理面、铝箔单面、聚乙烯膜双面分别涂覆胶粘剂,按改性聚丙烯膜、铝箔、聚乙烯膜、聚对苯二甲酸聚酯膜的层叠顺序进行层压复合,然后进行干燥、熟化、收卷,得到高性能锂电池复合包装铝塑膜。
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