CN104955768A - 微流路的制造方法及微流路 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供一种用比现有技术少的工序数,制造具有无接合面、也不存在注入口的大致圆形的截面的微流路的方法。微流路的制造方法包括:在基板(1)上形成未固化的固化性树脂(2)的层的工序;将能够注入液体(4)的针体(3)插入固化性树脂内的工序;一边使针体移动,一边借助针体将液体以管状注入到固化性树脂内的工序;将针体从固化性树脂内拔出的工序;通过使固化性树脂固化,在被注入了液体的管状的区域形成流路(4A)的工序。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种微流路的制造方法及微流路。
背景技术
已知的有液体等流过直径为数μm~数百μm左右的微流路,并进行生物化学性的反应或物理化学性的分离操作等的微流体设备。在这样的微流体设备中,需要具有半圆形或圆形截面的流路。但是,在广泛用于制作微流体设备的光刻工序中,由于所制作的流路的截面多为矩形,因而具有半圆形或圆形截面的流路的制造方法被提出。
在专利文献1中,记载有制造微流路设备的方法,该微流路设备由呈长条板状、形成于其一面、在一端面上具有半圆形开口的槽的一对对开件所构成,将该对开件彼此接合而成。
在非专利文献1中,记载有圆形截面流路的制作方法。在该方法中,采用将在制作电子机械材料时所使用的粘合剂等进行自动涂敷的分配器机器人,在基板上将紫外线固化性树脂等直接描绘成流路图案形状并进行铸模制作。其次,通过采用做成的铸模用PDMS(聚二甲基硅氧烷:polydimethylsiloxane)进行装模,来做成半圆形截面流路。并且,通过将半圆形截面流路彼此贴合,来制作圆形截面流路。
在非专利文献2中,记载有制造圆形的PDMS微流路的方法,该PDMS微流路适于共焦点μPIV/PTV(Particle Image Velocimetry/Particle Tracking Velocimetry、粒子图像测速/粒子跟踪测速)等微流动的可视化、模拟生物体内的微小血管。在该方法中,在将金属线埋入的状态下使PDMS凝固,其后,通过将金属线拔出来形成圆形的流路。
在非专利文献3中,记载有由聚苯乙烯片材构成截面为圆形的微小血管网的方法。在该方法中,利用电镀工序构成硅的半圆形靠模,通过对聚苯乙烯片材进行冲压,并将得到的2片片材接合来形成截面为圆形的流路。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1日本专利特开2012-137325号公报
非专利文献
非专利文献1东京大学藤井辉夫研究室、“采用分配器的微流路制作及向流量控制机构的应用”、[online]、[2012年12月17日检索]、因特网<URL:http://www.microfluidics.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp/r11016_j.html>
非专利文献2Rui Lima et al.,“Axisymmetric PDMS microchannels for in vitrohaemodynamic studies”,Biofbrication,2009,vol.1(芮利马等人,《用于体外血液动力学研究的轴对称PDMS微流路》,《生物制造》,2009年,第1期)
非专利文献3Jeffery T.Borenstain et al.,“Functional endothelializedmicrovascular networks with circular cross-sections in a tissue culturesubstrate”,Biomed Microdevices,2010,vol.12,p.71-79(杰弗里T.伯伦斯丁等人,《在组织培养基质上具有圆形截面的功能性内皮化微血管网络》,《生物医学微器件》,2010年,第12期,第71-79页)
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
然而,在形成多个截面为半圆形的流路之后,将这些流路进行贴合的话,将成为工序数多的繁琐的制造方法。另外,为了使空腔贴合,形成保持整齐的圆形状态的流路是困难的。
在非专利文献2的方法中,虽然可以对截面为半圆形的流路不进行贴合而形成圆形流路,但由于有将金属线拔出的工序,所以无法形成无注入口的流路,只能形成直线状等简单结构的流路。另外,在非专利文献2的方法中,为了要得到内部注入有液体的状态的流路,在流路形成之后将液体注入其内部的工序成为必要。
因此,本发明是目的在于提供一种,以与现有技术相比较少的工序数,来制造无接合面也不存在注入口的具有大致圆形截面的微流路的方法。
用于解决课题的手段
微流路的制造方法的特征在于,包括:在基板上形成未固化的固化性树脂的层的工序;将能够注入液体的针体插入固化性树脂内的工序;一边使针体移动,一边借助该针体将液体呈管状注入到该固化性树脂内的工序;将针体从固化性树脂内拔出的工序;以及通过使固化性树脂固化,在被注入了液体的管状的区域形成流路的工序。
在上述制造方法中,流路优选为无接合面、且截面为大致圆形的流路。
在上述制造方法中,优选为还包括将已固化的固化性树脂的一部分切除并将被封入该固化性树脂内的液体抽出的工序。
在上述制造方法中,液体优选为液晶。
另外,一种微流路,其特征在于,是由上述任一种制造方法制造的。
发明的效果
根据本发明,能够以比现有技术少的工序数,制造无接合面也不存在注入口的具有大致圆形截面的微流路。
附图说明
图1的(A)~(C)是用于对微流路的制造方法进行说明的模式图。
图2是示出微流路的制造方法的流程图。
图3的(A)及(B)是示出利用图2的制造方法的实验结果的照片。
图4是用于对图3的(B)所示的流路的形成位置及大小进行说明的模式图。
具体实施方式
以下,参照附图,对微流路的制造方法进行详细地说明。不过,本发明的技术范围并不限定于这些实施方式,请留意权利要求书所记载的发明及其相等的点。
图1的(A)~图1的(C)是用于对微流路的制造方法进行说明的模式图。图2是示出微流路的制造方法的流程图。用图1的(A)~图2对本制造方法的各工序进行说明。
首先,如图1的(A)所示,准备基板1,在基板1上形成未固化的固化性树脂2的层(S1)。由于在未固化的状态下,固化性树脂2具有流动性,所以准备包围周围的框体(未图示),将固化性树脂2注入其内部。固化例如采用丙烯酸树脂或环氧树脂等的紫外线固化树脂,作为固化性树脂2。或者,固化性树脂2也可以是尿素树脂、蜜胺树脂或酚醛树脂等热固化性树脂。此外,在形成直径为数百μm左右的微流路之际,固化性树脂2的厚度d为1000μm左右即可。
接着,能够注入液体的针(针体)3插入到固化性树脂2中(S2)。针3像注射针那样地具有中空向顶端变尖的形状,在顶端有开口部(未图示)。此时,针3插入的深度设为例如固化性树脂2的厚度d的一半左右。此外,也可以采用在顶端附近的侧面设有该开口部的针。
其次,如图1的(B)所示,一边使针3移动,一边借助针3将液体4呈管状注入到固化性树脂2中(S3)。例如,在想要形成直线状的流路的情况下,沿图1的(B)所示的X方向,使针3平行移动。并且,通过一边使针3移动,一边从针3的上部施加压力,从针3的顶端的开口部将液体4注入到固化性树脂2的层内。在固化性树脂2的层内,液体4因表面张力而与X方向垂直的截面变为大致圆形。
作为液体4的例子,可以例举液晶。这里所说的“液晶”是指:具有像液体那样的流动性,且分子的取向像晶体那样的具有一定的规则性的物质。其他,也可以采用与形成的流路的用途相应的液体,作为液体4。不过,根据固化性树脂2的粘度、或固化性树脂2和液体4的密度之差的不同,有时被注入的液体4会浮出树脂层的表面。为此,根据粘度和密度的关系,有必要选择能够呈管状注入到固化性树脂2的内部的液体,作为液体4。
液体4注入结束的话,将针3从固化性树脂2内拔出(S4)。此时,由于固化性树脂2尚未固化,如果将针3拔出的话,因针3而在固化性树脂2中形成的洞孔就会被堵塞。由此,成为将液体4封入固化性树脂2中、配置成管状的状态。
并且,如图1的(C)所示,通过使固化性树脂2固化并将液体4封入固化性树脂2内,将液体4存在的部分设为液体的流路4A(S5)。在将紫外线固化树脂用作为固化性树脂2的情况下,照射紫外线,以使固化性树脂2固化。在将热固化性树脂用作为固化性树脂2的情况下,通过加热使固化性树脂2固化。由此,在被注入了液体4的管状的区域可以形成截面大致为圆形的流路4A。
此外,根据液体4的种类的不同,使固化性树脂2固化时,有时液体4会渗入到树脂层中,流路4A变成空腔。在使固化性树脂2固化后仍有液体4残留在流路4A内的情况下而需要空腔的流路时,也可以将固化的固化性树脂的一部分切除,把封入在固化性树脂2内的液体4抽出。由此,可以得到空腔的流路。
根据以上说明的本制造方法,即使不对具有半圆形的截面的流路进行贴合,也可以形成截面为大致圆形的流路。为此,采用本制造方法的话,能够以与不包含本结构的现有的制造方法相比较少的工序,形成具有无接合面且平滑的内壁的圆形流路。另外,因为流路形成时不存在开口部,所以能够形成不存在注入口的封闭流路。
另外,如上所述,由于表面张力的作用,被注入到固化性树脂2的层内的液体4的、与液体4延伸的方向垂直的截面成为大致圆形。由此,最终得到的流路的截面也成为既无凹陷也无尖锐部分的大致圆形。此外,上述的“大致圆形”是指:没有像矩形那样地尖锐突出的部分,最大直径和最小直径之差相对于最大直径的比率例如为10%以下的形状。
在生物传感器或μTAS(Total Analysis System,全分析系统)等生物关联系统中,例如为了更准确地再现血管等生物体内构造的举动,优选为与实际的生物体构造接近的圆形流路。利用本制造方法得到的流路也能够用于那样的生物关联系统。
另外,在需要充填有液体的状态的流路的情况下,采用不包含本结构的制造方法的话,在形成空腔的流路之后,必须向其内部注入液体。另一方面,采用本制造方法的话,由于以在内部包含液体的状态下形成流路,所以流路的形成和液体的充填可以由一道工序来进行。为此,采用本制造方法的话,能够以与不包含本结构的制造方法相比少的工序,来形成充填有液体的状态的流路。
另外,也可以通过使封入流路内部的液体流出来形成空腔的流路,在使液体流出之后还可以注入别的液体。为此,对所形成的流路的内部,不论固化性树脂2的粘度及固化性树脂2和液体4的密度差,能够充填任意的液体。
实施例
使用丙烯酸树脂,作为固化性树脂;使用默克公司制造的P型液晶的MLC-7018及MDA-003461,作为被注入的液体,按照图2的制造方法进行了形成流路的实验。图3的(A)及图3的(B)是示出利用图2的制造方法的实验结果的照片。图3的(A)是从上方看到的分别注入(分配)有上述2种P型液晶14的状态下的丙烯酸树脂12的照片。图3的(B)是通过紫外线照射使丙烯酸树脂12固化后拍摄的流路4A的截面照片。在该实验中,在丙烯酸树脂12的内部,将P型液晶14分配成相互平行的2根直线形状。
图4是用于对图3的(B)所示的流路4A的形成位置及大小进行说明的模式图。在上述实验中,将丙烯酸树脂12的厚度形成为1000μm的层状,在该丙烯酸树脂12中,将针3插入到500μm的深度。然后,使针3沿丙烯酸树脂12的面方向以20mm/秒的速度一边进行直线状地移动,一边施加10kPa的分配压,对P型液晶14进行分配,以使截面成为直径200μm的圆形。
通过将针3拔出之后使丙烯酸树脂12进行紫外线固化,可以得到具有如图3的(B)所示的截面的流路4A。在图3的(B)中,也一并示出了流路4A的截面轮廓。该截面的最大直径与最小直径之差为20μm左右,最大直径与最小直径之差相对于截面的最大直径的比率收敛于百分之几左右。这样,利用本制造方法,形成截面为大致圆形的流路4A的情形得以确认。
符号说明
1 基板
2 固化性树脂
3 针
4 液体
4A 流路。
Claims (5)
1.一种微流路的制造方法,其特征在于,包括:
在基板上形成未固化的固化性树脂的层的工序;
将能够注入液体的针体插入所述固化性树脂内的工序;
一边使所述针体移动,一边借助该针体将液体呈管状注入到该固化性树脂内的工序;
将所述针体从所述固化性树脂内拔出的工序;以及
通过使所述固化性树脂固化,在被注入了所述液体的管状的区域形成流路的工序。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制造方法,其特征在于,
所述流路是无接合面、且截面为大致圆形的流路。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的制造方法,其特征在于,
还包括将已固化的所述固化性树脂的一部分切除并将被封入该固化性树脂内的所述液体抽出的工序。
4.根据权利要求1~3中的任一项所述的制造方法,其特征在于,
所述液体是液晶。
5.一种微流路,其特征在于,
所述微流路通过权利要求1~4中的任一项所述的制造方法来制造。
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