CN104927545A - 一种耐腐蚀防火涂料 - Google Patents
一种耐腐蚀防火涂料 Download PDFInfo
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种耐腐蚀防火涂料，由以下质量组分物质组成：改性氢化蓖麻油6～10份，二氧化锆15～30份，羟乙基纤维素8～16份，聚二甲基硅氧烷10～25份，四甲基溴化铵8～10份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮4～10份，苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物12～20份，云母粉0.5～1份，碳化硅粉末0.1～0.5份，聚磷酸铵5～15份，纳米碳酸钙1～3份。本发明耐腐蚀防火涂料制备过程是在常温常压下进行的，不需要添加新的设备，工艺简单，生产成本低。本发明耐腐蚀防火涂料使用后，不仅能有效改善材料表面耐腐蚀性能，而且具有较好的防火性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涂料技术领域，具体涉及一种耐腐蚀防火涂料及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前，生活中需要使用各种各样的涂料，这些涂料大多具有各种各样的功能，一般的涂料使用方便，大多存在不足，没有更多的功能，在有些领域需要采用耐腐蚀或者防火功能，一般的涂料配置过程中，存在不足，需要采用合适的方式予以改进，以便制备使用出各种多功能的涂料，方便根据需要使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种耐腐蚀防火涂料，以便实现涂料耐腐蚀防火功能，并提供了该涂料制备方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下。
一种耐腐蚀防火涂料，由以下质量组分物质组成：改性氢化蓖麻油6～10份，二氧化锆15～30份，羟乙基纤维素8～16份，聚二甲基硅氧烷10～25份，四甲基溴化铵8～10份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮4～10份，苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物12～20份，云母粉0.5～1份，碳化硅粉末0.1～0.5份，聚磷酸铵5～15份，纳米碳酸钙1～3份。
进一步地，上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将上述质量份数的二氧化锆加入水中，然后依次加入上述质量份数的改性氢化蓖麻油、羟乙基纤维素、四甲基溴化铵、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物、碳化硅粉末、聚磷酸铵、纳米碳酸钙，高速分散；
(2)加入上述质量份数的聚二甲基硅氧烷，高速分散；
(3)加入上述质量份数的云母粉，高速混合均匀、过滤，调节体系pH值，制得固含量为30～60％耐腐蚀防火涂料。
进一步地，上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(1)中的分散速度4000～4800r/min，分散时间为25～50min。
进一步地，上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(2)中的分散速度2800～4000r/min，分散时间为15～35min。
进一步地，上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(3)中的分散速度1500～2400r/min，分散时间为10～20min。
上述所用物料中，具有以下特性：
(1)改性氢化蓖麻油：是一种有机触变剂，可以用来控制溶剂型体系的流变特性。具有良好的触变性，增稠性及防沉性。有利于颜料和填料和悬浮。控制流动性和流平性。控制液体在多孔表面上的渗透。可提供抗流挂特性。具有优异的存储稳定性。不与颜料和基料反应。很容易分散。
(2)二氧化锆：是锆的主要氧化物，通常状况下为白色无臭无味晶体，难溶于水、盐酸和稀硫酸。一般常含有少量的二氧化铪。化学性质不活泼，且具有高熔点、高电阻率、高折射率和低热膨胀系数的性质，使它成为重要的耐高温材料、陶瓷绝缘材料和陶瓷遮光剂，亦是人工钻的主要原料。
(3)羟乙基纤维素：羟乙基纤维素(HEC)是一种白色或淡黄色，无味、无毒的纤维状或粉末状固体，由碱性纤维素和环氧乙烷(或氯乙醇)经醚化反应制备，属非离子型可溶纤维素醚类。由于HEC具有良好的增稠、悬浮、分散、乳化、粘合、成膜、保护水分和提供保护胶体等特性，已被广泛应用在石油开采、涂料、建筑、医药食品、纺织、造纸以及高分子聚合反应等领域。
(4)聚二甲基硅氧烷：聚二甲基硅氧烷的化学状态二甲基硅油，无色或浅黄色液体，无味，透明度高，具有耐热性、耐寒性、黏度随温度变化小、防水性、表面张力小、具有导热性，导热系数为0.134-0.159W/M*K，透光性为透光率100％，二甲基硅油无毒无味，具有生理惰性、良好的化学稳定性。电绝缘性和耐候性、疏水性好，并具有很高的抗剪切能力，可在-50℃～200℃下长期使用。具有优良的物理特性，可直接用于防潮绝缘，阻尼，减震，消泡，润滑，抛光等方面，广泛用作绝缘润滑、防震、防油尘、介电液和热载体。以及用作消泡、脱模剂、油漆及日化品添加剂。
(5)四甲基溴化铵：催化剂，乳化剂，消毒剂，杀菌剂，抗静电剂等。
(6)聚乙烯吡咯烷酮：用此品包覆的油漆、涂料成膜透明而不影响本色，改善涂料和颜料的光泽和分散性，提高热稳定性并能改善油墨和墨水的分散性等。
(7)云母粉：云母粉是一种非金属矿物，含有多种成分，其中主要有SiO2，含量一般在49％左右，Al2O3含量在30％左右。云母粉具有良好的弹性、韧性。绝缘性、耐高温、耐酸碱、耐腐蚀、附着力强等特性，是一种优良的添加剂。它广泛地应用于电器、电焊条、橡胶、塑料、造纸、油漆、涂料、颜料、陶瓷、化妆品、新型建材等行业，用途极其广泛。随着科学技术的不断发展，人们开辟出新的应用领域。
(8)苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物：高档的热性能、很好的硬度和尺寸稳定性以及很高的抗冲击强度等优越性能，在汽车应用中，充分地保证了乘客的安全(无论是在高速或低速、高温或低温行驶条件下的碰撞)。美国汽车制造厂常用的柔性的仪表垫板，是使用了单块结构、4～8lb重的成型基板制的。目前，北美苯乙烯-马来酸酐闯共聚树脂仪表垫板的市场占有率可达40％。由于苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物树脂具有耐高温性、很好的硬度以及尺寸稳定性，所以它符合许多工、商业材料的标准。另外，由于苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚树脂具有耐磨性、高光泽度、容易成型以及很好的装饰性，所以其制品不仅耐用，而且美观、成本低。其应用包括：医院食品用托盘、微波炉托盘、空调栅格以及安全的洗碗机滚筒。
(9)聚磷酸铵：聚磷酸铵的含磷量高达30％～32％，含氮为14％～16％。这类阻燃剂最突出的特征是燃烧时的生烟量极低，不产生卤化氢。由于聚磷酸铵热稳定性好，可替代磷酸铵。聚磷酸铵为白色结晶或无定形微细粉末。APP的水溶性和吸湿性随聚合物增加而降低。国内按聚合度n的不同可分为水溶性(n＝10～20，相对分子质量1000～2000)和水不溶性(n>20，相对分子质量大于2000)两种。n可大于1000。国外把n<100称为结晶相I聚磷酸铵(APPⅠ)，把n>1000的带支链的APP称为结晶相Ⅱ聚磷酸铵(APPⅡ)。n<100的短链APP对水的敏感性(可水解性)比超长链(M>1000)APP大，而后者的热稳定性和耐水解性较高。长链APP在300℃以上才开始分解成磷酸和氨，而短链APP在150℃以上就开始分解。常用的结晶态APP为水不溶性长链状聚磷酸铵盐。APP含磷量大、含氮量高，磷氮体系产生协同效应，阻燃性好。相对密度小，分散性好，化学稳定性好、消烟、毒性低。
(10)碳化硅粉末：碳化硅(SiC)是用石英砂、石油焦(或煤焦)、木屑(生产绿色碳化硅时需要加食盐)等原料通过电阻炉高温冶炼而成。碳化硅在大自然也存在罕见的矿物，莫桑石。碳化硅又称碳硅石。在当代C、N、B等非氧化物高技术耐火原料中，碳化硅为应用最广泛、最经济的一种，可以称为金钢砂或耐火砂。目前中国工业生产的碳化硅分为黑色碳化硅和绿色碳化硅两种，均为六方晶体，比重为3.20～3.25，显微硬度为2840～3320kg/mm2。
(11)纳米碳酸钙：纳米碳酸钙又称超微细碳酸钙[1]。标准的名称即超细碳酸钙。纳米碳酸钙应用最成熟的行业是塑料工业主要应用于高档塑料制品。可改善塑料母料的流变性，提高其成型性。用作塑料填料具有增韧补强的作用，提高塑料的弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量，热变形温度和尺寸稳定性，同时还赋予塑料滞热性。纳米碳酸钙用于油墨产品中体现出了优异的分散性和透明性和极好的光泽、及优异的油墨吸收性和高干燥性。纳米碳酸钙在树脂型油墨中作油墨填料，具有稳定性好，光泽度高，不影响印刷油墨的干燥性能.适应性强等优点。
该发明的有益效果在于：本发明耐腐蚀防火涂料制备过程是在常温常压下进行的，不需要添加新的设备，工艺简单，生产成本低。本发明耐腐蚀防火涂料使用后，不仅能有效改善材料表面耐腐蚀性能，而且具有较好的防火性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式进行描述，以便更好的理解本发明。
实施例1
本实施例中的耐腐蚀防火涂料，由以下质量组分物质组成：改性氢化蓖麻油6份，二氧化锆15份，羟乙基纤维素8份，聚二甲基硅氧烷10份，四甲基溴化铵8份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮4份，苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物12份，云母粉0.5份，碳化硅粉末0.1份，聚磷酸铵5份，纳米碳酸钙1份。
上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将上述质量份数的二氧化锆加入水中，然后依次加入上述质量份数的改性氢化蓖麻油、羟乙基纤维素、四甲基溴化铵、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物、碳化硅粉末、聚磷酸铵、纳米碳酸钙，高速分散；
(2)加入上述质量份数的聚二甲基硅氧烷，高速分散；
(3)加入上述质量份数的云母粉，高速混合均匀、过滤，调节体系pH值，制得固含量为30％耐腐蚀防火涂料。
上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(1)中的分散速度4000r/min，分散时间为50min。上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(2)中的分散速度2800r/min，分散时间为35min。上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(3)中的分散速度1500r/min，分散时间为20min。
实施例2
本实施例中的耐腐蚀防火涂料，由以下质量组分物质组成：改性氢化蓖麻油10份，二氧化锆30份，羟乙基纤维素16份，聚二甲基硅氧烷25份，四甲基溴化铵10份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮10份，苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物20份，云母粉1份，碳化硅粉末0.5份，聚磷酸铵15份，纳米碳酸钙3份。
上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将上述质量份数的二氧化锆加入水中，然后依次加入上述质量份数的改性氢化蓖麻油、羟乙基纤维素、四甲基溴化铵、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物、碳化硅粉末、聚磷酸铵、纳米碳酸钙，高速分散；
(2)加入上述质量份数的聚二甲基硅氧烷，高速分散；
(3)加入上述质量份数的云母粉，高速混合均匀、过滤，调节体系pH值，制得固含量为60％耐腐蚀防火涂料。
上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(1)中的分散速度4800r/min，分散时间为25min。上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(2)中的分散速度4000r/min，分散时间为15min。上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(3)中的分散速度2400r/min，分散时间为10min。
实施例3
本实施例中的耐腐蚀防火涂料，由以下质量组分物质组成：改性氢化蓖麻油8份，二氧化锆18份，羟乙基纤维素12份，聚二甲基硅氧烷13份，四甲基溴化铵9份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮12份，苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物16份，云母粉0.75份，碳化硅粉末0.3份，聚磷酸铵10份，纳米碳酸钙2份。
上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将上述质量份数的二氧化锆加入水中，然后依次加入上述质量份数的改性氢化蓖麻油、羟乙基纤维素、四甲基溴化铵、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物、碳化硅粉末、聚磷酸铵、纳米碳酸钙，高速分散；
(2)加入上述质量份数的聚二甲基硅氧烷，高速分散；
(3)加入上述质量份数的云母粉，高速混合均匀、过滤，调节体系pH值，制得固含量为45％耐腐蚀防火涂料。
上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(1)中的分散速度4500r/min，分散时间为35min。上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(2)中的分散速度3500r/min，分散时间为20min。上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(3)中的分散速度2000r/min，分散时间为15min。
针对实施例1、实施例2和实施例3中的涂料进行耐腐蚀防火性能测量，所测得的数据如表1所示。
表1耐腐蚀防火性能测试结果
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种耐腐蚀防火涂料，其特征在于：由以下质量组分物质组成：改性氢化蓖麻油6～10份，二氧化锆15～30份，羟乙基纤维素8～16份，聚二甲基硅氧烷10～25份，四甲基溴化铵8～10份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮4～10份，苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物12～20份，云母粉0.5～1份，碳化硅粉末0.1～0.5份，聚磷酸铵5～15份，纳米碳酸钙1～3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐腐蚀防火涂料，其特征在于：所述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)将所述质量份数的二氧化锆加入水中，然后依次加入上述质量份数的改性氢化蓖麻油、羟乙基纤维素、四甲基溴化铵、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物、碳化硅粉末、聚磷酸铵、纳米碳酸钙，高速分散；
(2)加入所述质量份数的聚二甲基硅氧烷，高速分散；
(3)加入所述质量份数的云母粉，高速混合均匀、过滤，调节体系pH值，制得固含量为30～60％耐腐蚀防火涂料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的耐腐蚀防火涂料，其特征在于：所述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法包括如下步骤：上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(1)中的分散速度4000～4800r/min，分散时间为25～50min。
4.根据权利要求2所述的耐腐蚀防火涂料，其特征在于：所述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法包括如下步骤：上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(2)中的分散速度2800～4000r/min，分散时间为15～35min。
5.根据权利要求2所述的耐腐蚀防火涂料，其特征在于：所述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法包括如下步骤：上述耐腐蚀防火涂料制备方法中，步骤(3)中的分散速度1500～2400r/min，分散时间为10～20min。
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