CN104920176A - Tool and method for efficient utilization of water and fertilizer for fruit trees - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tool and method for efficient utilization of water and fertilizer for fruit trees. At the lower side of the root system of a plant on a slope terrain, a hole is dug vertically or approximately vertically downward, and a tool for efficient utilization of water and fertilizer for fruit trees is installed in the hole. The tool includes The outer frame with coarse holes and the inner frame with fine holes, the annular space between the outer frame and the inner frame is filled with water seepage material to form a water seepage layer, fertilizer is added to the inner frame to form a fertilizer layer, and the lower side of the hole Set up water retaining ridges. Utilizing the water seepage layer can quickly absorb and store the flowing water, and can expand the seepage area in the formation, so as to achieve the purpose of expanding the water storage capacity and increasing the water seepage rate. Use the micro-osmosis of the fertilizer layer to carry out slow and continuous fertilization to achieve the purpose of fertilizer storage and automatic fertilizer replenishment. The present invention can exert its functions of large amount of water storage, rapid water seepage, automatic and continuous slow fertilization for a long time, once and for all. Reduce a lot of labor, the effect is very good.

Description

Tools and methods for efficient utilization of water and fertilizer for fruit trees

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water and fertilizer utilization for planting in agriculture, forestry and mountainous areas, and in particular relates to an effective tool and method for keeping water and fertilizer retention fully utilized for slope terrain.

Background technique

On hillsides or areas with slopes, rainwater tends to flow downward along the slope, and the hillside soil layer cannot fully absorb and store rainwater, resulting in a waste of precious rainwater resources. For a long time, people in mountainous areas have blocked rainwater loss by building water-retaining ridges under trees, but the results are not good. Due to the hard terrain in mountainous areas and the slow infiltration rate of rainwater, the water retaining ridge has a moderate water retention function for the slow-flowing water flow, but the slope terrain will continuously increase the power of the water flow, and the water retaining ridge located on the lower side of the hillside is easily absorbed by the converging water flow wash away. The effect of the water retaining ridge is limited, and the excess water flow on the upper side of the water retaining ridge that cannot infiltrate in time will overflow the water retaining ridge, constantly scouring and damaging its surface. When the rainwater is heavy, the excess rainwater will rush straight through the water-retaining ridge and rush down, directly destroying the water-retaining ridge. For this reason, people in mountainous areas often need to rush to rebuild water-retaining ridges in the woods on the hillside before the arrival of rainwater, which is a lot of labor but poor results. Especially in the arid regions of the north, the rare precipitation cannot meet the needs of sufficient irrigation for trees, and the serious loss of water resources is very regrettable.

On the other hand, fertilization of forest trees on hillsides also faces many troubles. Due to the hard location of the mountain, it is difficult to break soil and fertilize. Due to the problem of easy loss with rainwater, and the excessive amount of fertilization in a single application will have adverse effects on the forest trees, and even lead to their death, the fertilization process needs to meet the characteristics of less frequent fertilization, which increases a lot of labor. As a result, the normal growth of trees will be affected due to untimely fertilization.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the problem that the hillside terrain cannot effectively absorb and store rainwater, which leads to the lack of water for trees, the problem that the traditional water retaining ridge needs to be repeatedly built due to poor water stagnation effect, and the problem that it is difficult to fertilize a wide area of the hillside terrain. Tools and methods for terrain prevention of water waste and automatic fertilization.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a tool for efficient utilization of water and fertilizer for fruit trees, comprising an outer frame with coarse holes and an inner frame with fine holes, and the annular space between the outer frame and the inner frame is filled with water-seeping material A water seepage layer is formed, fertilizer is added to the inner frame to form a fertilizer layer, and a seal is set on the upper side of the inner frame. The water seepage material filled in the water seepage layer is sand and gravel.

A method for efficiently utilizing water and fertilizer for fruit trees, a method for efficiently utilizing water and fertilizer for fruit trees, in which a hole is dug vertically or approximately vertically downward at the lower side of the root system of a plant on a slope terrain, and a tool for efficiently utilizing water and fertilizer for fruit trees is installed in the hole. The high-efficiency water and fertilizer utilization tool for fruit trees includes an outer frame with coarse holes and an inner frame with fine holes. The annular space between the outer frame and the inner frame is filled with water-permeable materials to form a water-permeable layer, and a water-retaining layer is set on the lower side of the hole. Ridge, using the water seepage layer to quickly absorb and store the flowing water and expand the seepage area in the formation to form a breathable area on the side of the tree root and a water replenishment area on the side of the tree root; add it once or periodically to the inner frame The fertilizer forms a fertilizer layer, and the upper side of the inner frame is sealed, and the micro-osmosis of the fertilizer layer is used for slow and continuous fertilization.

The outer layer of the fruit tree water and fertilizer efficient utilization tool of the present invention can adopt braided bamboo baskets or supports formed by other materials, and the inner frame can also use braided fine-hole baskets or special fine-pore slow-release bodies. The structure is simple and easy to process and manufacture. (1) The purpose of the water seepage layer of this tool is to allow rainwater (especially micro-runoff) to quickly reach the effective root layer of fruit trees, reduce ineffective evaporation, and improve rainwater utilization; (2) It is convenient to add fertilizers in the inner frame at any time, reducing Fertilization labor intensity, speed up fertilization. At the same time, the device does not need to consider the rain and fertilizer time matching problem such as fertilization according to the weather, and the fertilizer is used for water, and the water and fertilizer are melted, and the water and fertilizer are synchronized.

The method for efficient utilization of fruit tree water and fertilizer of the present invention is easy to implement, and can be quickly assembled on site by means of tools for efficient use of fruit tree water and fertilizer, or assembled at a processing site and then transported to the site for direct installation and use. It can play its functions of large amount of water storage, rapid water seepage, automatic and continuous slow fertilization for a long time, once and for all. (1) It can quickly collect the small runoff formed by light rain and moderate rain, and send it to the effective root layer (the layer where the root system is above 40cm), so as to realize local effective and efficient irrigation of the root system. (2) Reduce the ineffective evaporation of surface and shallow water, and improve the limited rainwater utilization efficiency and benefits of fruit trees. (3) With the infiltration of rainwater, the water level rises, and the inner layer of fertilizer is slowly released, which is absorbed by the root system synchronously with the water, so that the utilization rate of fertilizer is improved. (4) It has the characteristics of partial fertilization and gradual release, which not only meets the physiological needs of fruit trees, but also prevents agricultural water pollution caused by traditional fertilization. (5) It is convenient to fertilize, and can directly inject fertilizer into the fertilizer pipe of the inner frame, saving time and effort, and reducing a lot of labor. (6) The water replenishment area and the ventilation area are separated, which can maintain the upper side of the plant root system for air exchange, and the lower side of the plant root system to exchange with water storage.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the tool of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the tool of the present invention.

In the figure, the number 1 is the outer frame, 2 is the inner frame, 3 is the water seepage layer, 4 is the fertilizer layer, 5 is the sealing of the inner frame, 6 is the hillside, 7 is the water retaining ridge, 8 is the fruit tree, 9 is the ventilation area, 10 for the hydration area.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: Referring to Fig. 2, the fruit tree water and fertilizer efficient utilization tool comprises an outer frame 1 and an inner frame 2, the outer frame 1 is provided with coarse holes, and the inner frame 2 is provided with fine holes. The annular space between the outer frame 1 and the inner frame 2 is filled with water seepage material to form a water seepage layer 3, the water seepage material filled in the water seepage layer 3 can be sand and gravel, the raw material is wide, and other fluffy materials can also be used locally. Fertilizer is added into the inner frame 2 to form a fertilizer layer 4, and a seal is set on the upper side of the inner frame 2.

Embodiment 2: Referring to Fig. 1, the method for efficient utilization of water and fertilizer for fruit trees is to dig a hole vertically or approximately vertically downward at the lower side of the root system of the plant on the slope terrain, and install a tool for efficient utilization of water and fertilizer for fruit trees in the hole. Referring to Fig. 2, the fruit tree water and fertilizer efficient utilization tool includes an outer frame 1 with coarse holes and an inner frame 2 with fine holes. The annular space between the outer frame 1 and the inner frame 2 is filled with water-permeable material to form a water-permeable layer 3. Fertilizer is added in the frame 2 to form a fertilizer layer 4, and a seal is set on the upper side of the inner frame 2. And set the water retaining ridge on the lower side of the hole.

Utilizing the water seepage layer 3 can quickly absorb and store the flowing rainwater (especially micro-runoff), and can expand the seepage area in the stratum to achieve the purpose of expanding the water storage capacity and increasing the water seepage rate. The micro-infiltration of the fertilizer layer 4 is used for slow and continuous fertilization, so as to achieve the purpose of fertilizer storage and automatic fertilizer replenishment.

Claims (3)

1. A fruit tree water and fertilizer efficient utilization tool is characterized in that: it comprises an outer frame containing coarse holes and an inner frame containing fine holes, and the annular space between the outer frame and the inner frame is filled with water seepage material to form a water seepage layer. Fertilizer is added in the frame to form a fertilizer layer, and a seal is set on the upper side of the inner frame. 2. The tool for efficient utilization of water and fertilizer for fruit trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water seepage material filled in the water seepage layer is sand and gravel. 3. A method for efficient utilization of water and fertilizer for fruit trees, characterized in that: a method for efficient utilization of water and fertilizer for fruit trees, at the lower side of the root system of the plant on the slope terrain, dig a hole vertically or approximately vertically, and install the fruit tree in the hole Water and fertilizer efficient utilization tool, the fruit tree water and fertilizer efficient utilization tool includes an outer frame with coarse holes and an inner frame with fine holes, the annular space between the outer frame and the inner frame is filled with water seepage material to form a water seepage layer, and A water-retaining ridge is set on the lower side, and the water seepage layer is used to quickly absorb and store the flowing water and expand the seepage area in the stratum to form a breathable area on the upper side of the tree root and a water replenishment area on the lower side of the tree root; once in the inner frame Add fertilizer regularly or quantitatively to form a fertilizer layer, and set a seal on the upper side of the inner frame, and use the micro-osmosis of the fertilizer layer to carry out slow and continuous fertilization.