CN104919293A - 压阻式mems传感器 - Google Patents
压阻式mems传感器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
压力传感器由Si基板(10a)、SiO2层(10b)、表面Si膜(10c)所构成的SOI基板构成。Si基板(10a)上形成有通过蚀刻而形成的开口部(13),膜片结构的位移部(12)由该部分的表面Si膜(10c)和SiO2层(10b)构成。位移部(12)形成有压阻元件(11)。位移部(12)根据要检测的压力而弯曲,压阻元件的电阻值随之而发生变化。膜片结构的位移部(12)的厚度尺寸ts为1μm以上10μm以下,压阻元件(11)的杂质浓度的峰值位置(深度)Pd为比0.5μm要深、比位移部(12)的厚度尺寸的1/2的深度要浅的位置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及作为传感器来使用的MEMS,特别涉及利用压阻元件的电阻值变化来检测压力、加速度等的压阻式MEMS传感器。
背景技术
例如,专利文献1公开了一种利用MEMS(Micro Electro MechanicalSystems:微机电系统)的传感器。专利文献1中公开了由形成有隔膜的SOI基板、以及形成在SOI基板上的4个压阻元件所构成的半导体压力传感器。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利特开2006-30158号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的技术问题
为了提高灵敏度,将压阻式传感器的压阻元件形成在构成膜片、梁等位移部的Si的表面附近的极浅的位置上。Si的表面有时还形成有保护膜、屏蔽膜。虽然不存在记载有该压阻元件的深度(杂质浓度的峰值深度)的现有技术文献,但通常距离去除保护膜等后的Si表面为0.3μm以下。
这样,若压阻元件的深度(杂质浓度的峰值深度)为距离Si表面0.3μm以下,则在提高传感器灵敏度这点上是有效的,但当膜片、梁等位移部的厚度产生偏差时,存在传感器灵敏度受其影响而产生较大偏差的问题。这是由于,位移部的表面所产生的应力与其厚度的平方成反比。下面将对传感器灵敏度与偏差之间的关系进行详细说明。
在重视传感器灵敏度的偏差的用途中,需要单独对该偏差进行校正的工序,从而会导致成本上升。
因此,本发明鉴于上述情况,其目的在于提供一种压阻式MEMS传感器,该压阻式MEMS传感器降低了形成有压阻元件的位移部的厚度的偏差对传感器灵敏度的变动所造成的影响。
解决技术问题所采用的技术手段
(1)本发明的压阻式MEMS传感器
包括由厚度为1μm以上的Si构成并根据检测量而发生位移的位移部,所述位移部的内部形成有由杂质扩散而形成的压阻元件,所述压阻式MEMS传感器的特征在于,
所述压阻元件在与所述位移部的表面的距离比0.5μm要深、且比所述位移部的厚度尺寸的1/2的深度要浅的位置上具有杂质浓度的峰值。
(2)优选为所述位移部的厚度为1μm以上10μm以下。
(3)优选为所述位移部的表面形成有Si氧化膜或Si氮化膜。
发明效果
根据本发明,由于能降低膜片、梁等位移部的厚度偏差对传感器灵敏度的影响,因此,能构成具有所希望的传感器灵敏度的压阻式MEMS传感器。
附图说明
图1是表示膜片、梁等位移部(活性层)12中的压阻元件11的位置关系的图。
图2(A)是表示位移部12的厚度尺寸ts与施加于位移部12的最大应力σ之间的定性关系的图。图2(B)是表示位移部12的厚度尺寸ts与压阻元件11的深度(杂质浓度的峰值的深度)位置上的应力效率E之间的定性关系的图。图2(C)是表示位移部12的厚度尺寸ts与灵敏度S之间的定性关系的图。
图3是表示将位移部的厚度尺寸作为参数的、通过FEM来求出压阻元件11的深度(杂质浓度的峰值的深度)与灵敏度之间的关系的结果的图。
图4是表示压阻元件11的杂质浓度(B conc.)的分布的示例的图。
图5是实施例1所涉及的压力传感器的剖视图。
图6(A)、图6(B)、图6(C)是表示图5所示的压力传感器的制造过程的剖视图。
图7是实施例2所涉及的压力传感器的剖视图。
图8(A)、图8(B)、图8(C)是表示图7所示的压力传感器的制造过程的剖视图。
图9是实施例3所涉及的加速度传感器的剖视图。
图10(A)、图10(B)、图10(C)是表示图9所示的加速度传感器的制造过程的剖视图。
具体实施方式
图1是表示膜片、梁等位移部(活性层)12中的压阻元件11的位置关系的图。位移部12由Si层构成。压阻元件11通过杂质的扩散而形成。位移部的厚度尺寸用ts来表示,压阻元件11的杂质浓度的峰值的深度用Pd来表示。
图2(A)是表示位移部12的厚度尺寸ts与施加于位移部12的最大应力σ之间的定性关系的图。若用数学式来表示该关系,则如下所示。
σ=(1/ts2)α
这里α是由位移部12的尺寸来决定的系数。
图2(B)是表示位移部12的厚度尺寸ts与压阻元件11的深度(杂质浓度的峰值的深度)位置上的应力效率E之间的定性关系的图。若用数学式来表示该关系,则如下所示。
E=(ts/2-Pd)/(ts/2)
=(ts-2Pd)/ts
图2(C)是表示位移部12的厚度尺寸ts与灵敏度S之间的定性关系的图。若用数学式来表示该关系,则如下所示。
S=σ×E
=α(ts-2Pd)/ts3
这里,若用tsmax来表示位移部12的厚度尺寸最厚的情况,用tsmin来表示位移部12的厚度尺寸最薄的情况,则各自的灵敏度Smax、Smin如下所示。
Smax=α(tsmax-2Pd)/tsmax 3
Smin=α(tsmin-2Pd)/tsmin 3
若决定压阻元件的深度(杂质浓度的峰值的深度)Pd的值而使得Smax=Smin,则对位移部的厚度尺寸的偏差所对应的灵敏度的影响最小。
Smax=Smin
α(tsmax-2Pd)/tsmax 3=α(tsmin-2Pd)/tsmin 3
Pd=tsmaxtsmin(tsmax 2-tsmin 2)/{2(tsmax 3-tsmin 3)}
图3是表示将位移部的厚度尺寸作为参数的、通过FEM来求出压阻元件11的深度(杂质浓度的峰值的深度)与灵敏度之间的关系的结果的图。若压阻元件11的深度是位移部的厚度尺寸的1/2的深度(中性面),则灵敏度最低,压阻元件11的深度越浅,灵敏度越大。而且,压阻元件11的深度越浅,灵敏度偏差与位移部的厚度尺寸偏差之比越大。
在现有结构的情况下,膜片、梁等位移部的厚度为10μm,若用通常的工艺来制作,则该厚度会产生±0.5μm的偏差。在现有结构中,由于位移部的表面形成有压阻,因此,传感器灵敏度会受到位移部的厚度的平方的影响而产生偏差。即,灵敏度偏差为±10%以上。
与之相对,在本发明的结构中,在位移部的厚度为10μm、将压阻的杂质浓度的峰值位置形成在与位移部表面的距离为0.5μm的深度位置的情况下,与现有结构相比,不容易受到位移部的厚度偏差的影响。在本发明的结构中,如图3所示,在位移部12的厚度尺寸为10±0.5μm(tsmax=10.5μm,tsmin=9.5μm)的情况下,当压阻元件的深度Pd=2μm时,灵敏度偏差为±6%。
如图3所示,位移部12越厚,压阻元件的深度偏差所对应的灵敏度偏差越小,但位移部12的厚度越厚,灵敏度越低。为了减小传感器的尺寸,需要提高传感器的检测灵敏度。在传感器的灵敏度与位移部12的厚度之间存在如上所述的关系,为了提高灵敏度,需要将位移部12变薄。一般用于民用用途的MEMS传感器中,膜片、梁的厚度为10μm以下。因此,优选为位移部12的厚度尺寸为10μm以下。
图4是表示压阻元件11的杂质浓度的分布的示例的图。横轴是深度,纵轴是载流子浓度。在现有的压阻式MEMS传感器中,如分布P所示的那样,杂质浓度的峰值的深度为0.2μm,但在本发明中,如分布N1、N2所示的那样,杂质浓度的峰值的深度为0.8μm、1.65μm。
实施例
《实施例1》
图5是实施例1所涉及的压力传感器的剖视图。该压力传感器由Si基板10a、SiO2层10b、表面Si膜10c所构成的SOI基板构成。Si基板10a上形成有通过蚀刻而形成的开口部13,膜片结构的位移部12由该部分的表面Si膜10c和SiO2层10b构成。位移部12中形成有通过离子注入而形成的压阻元件11。位移部12根据要检测的压力而弯曲,压阻元件的电阻值随之而发生变化。
这里,膜片结构的位移部12的厚度尺寸ts为1μm以上10μm以下,压阻元件11的杂质浓度的峰值位置(深度)Pd为比0.5μm要深、比位移部12的厚度尺寸的1/2的深度要浅的位置。
图6(A)、图6(B)、图6(C)是表示图5所示的压力传感器的制造过程的剖视图。首先,如图6(A)所示,准备由Si基板10a、SiO2层10b、表面Si膜10c所构成的SOI基板10。接着,如图6(B)所示,从表面Si膜10c注入离子,从而形成压阻元件11。之后,如图6(C)所示,通过蚀刻在Si基板10a上形成开口部13。由此形成膜片结构的位移部12。
《实施例2》
图7是实施例2所涉及的压力传感器的剖视图。在该示例中,形成有压阻元件11的Si膜10c的表面形成有保护膜14。其它结构与图5所示的压力传感器相同。
图8(A)、图8(B)、图8(C)、图8(D)是表示图7所示的压力传感器的制造过程的剖视图。首先,如图8(A)所示,准备由Si基板10a、SiO2层10b、表面Si膜10c所构成的SOI基板10。接着,如图8(B)所示,从表面Si膜10c注入离子,从而形成压阻元件11。之后,如图8(C)所示,在表面上通过热氧化或CVD法形成由Si氧化膜或Si氮化膜所构成的保护膜14。之后,如图8(D)所示,通过蚀刻在Si基板10a上形成开口部13。由此形成膜片结构的位移部12。
《实施例3》
图9是实施例3所涉及的加速度传感器的剖视图。该加速度传感器由Si基板10a、SiO2层10b、表面Si膜10c所构成的SOI基板构成。Si基板10a上形成有通过蚀刻而形成的开口部13,梁结构的位移部12由该部分的表面Si膜10c和SiO2层10b构成。另外,Si基板10a中,通过梁结构的位移部12进行连接的一方作为固定部而起作用,Si基板10a中的另一方作为锤而起作用。位移部12中形成有通过离子注入而形成的压阻元件11。位移部12根据要检测的加速度而屈曲,压阻元件的电阻值随之而发生变化。
这里,膜片结构的位移部12的厚度尺寸ts为1μm以上10μm以下,压阻元件11的杂质浓度的峰值位置(深度)Pd为比0.5μm要深、比位移部12的厚度尺寸的1/2的深度要浅的位置。
图10(A)、图10(B)、图10(C)是表示图9所示的加速度传感器的制造过程的剖视图。首先,如图10(A)所示,准备由Si基板10a、SiO2层10b、表面Si膜10c所构成的SOI基板10。接着,如图10(B)所示,从表面Si膜10c注入离子,从而形成压阻元件11。之后,如图10(C)所示,通过蚀刻在Si基板10a上形成开口部13。由此形成梁结构的位移部12。
标号说明
10 SOI基板
10a Si基板
10b SiO2层
10c Si膜
11 压阻元件
12 位移部
13 开口部
14 保护膜
Claims (3)
1.一种压阻式MEMS传感器,该压阻式MEMS传感器包括位移部,该位移部由厚度为1μm以上的Si构成,并根据检测量而发生位移,所述位移部的内部形成有由杂质扩散而形成的压阻元件,所述压阻式MEMS传感器的特征在于,
所述压阻元件在与所述位移部的表面的距离比0.5μm要深、且比所述位移部的厚度尺寸的1/2的深度要浅的位置上具有杂质浓度的峰值。
2.如权利要求1所述的压阻式MEMS传感器,其特征在于,
所述位移部的厚度为1μm以上10μm以下。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的压阻式MEMS传感器,其特征在于,
所述位移部的表面形成有Si氧化膜或Si氮化膜。
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PCT/JP2013/082545 WO2014088020A1 (ja) | 2012-12-06 | 2013-12-04 | ピエゾ抵抗型memsセンサ |
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US20150241465A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
JPWO2014088020A1 (ja) | 2017-01-05 |
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TWI506278B (zh) | 2015-11-01 |
WO2014088020A1 (ja) | 2014-06-12 |
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