CN104917681B - 用于内容中心网络中的包转发的系统和方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明的一个实施例提供用于在内容中心网络(CCN)中转发具有阶层式结构化可变长度识别符HSVLI的包的系统。在操作期间，所述系统接收具有HSVLI的包且基于所述HSVLI确定所述包应转发到的多个端口。所述多个端口包含一组个别端口群组，且相应端口群组包含一或多个个别物理端口。所述系统基于所述组个别端口群组和所述一或多个个别物理端口导出转发策略。所述转发策略表达为合取范式中的公式，所述公式指示所述组端口群组之间的逻辑结合和所述一或多个个别物理端口之间的逻辑分离。所述系统随后使用所述导出的转发策略转发所述包。
Description
技术领域
本发明大体上涉及促进数据网络上的通信。更具体来说，本发明涉及用于促进使用基于合取范式的策略进行包转发的系统和方法。
背景技术
因特网和电子商务的增殖持续激发网络行业中的革命性改变。当今，从在线电影观看到每日新闻递送、零售销售和即时消息接发，大量的信息交换是在线进行的。越来越多数目的因特网应用程序也在变成移动的。然而，当前因特网在主要基于位置的寻址方案上操作。两种最普遍存在的协议：因特网协议(IP)和以太网协议，都是以基于位置的地址为基础。也就是说，内容的消费者仅可通过从与物理对象或位置接近地相关联的地址(例如，IP地址或以太网媒体接入控制(MAC)地址)明确请求内容而接收所述内容。此限制性寻址方案正变得逐渐更不足以满足不断改变的网络需求。
最近，行业中已经提出内容中心网络(CCN)架构。CCN带来内容输送的新方法。并非在应用级将网络业务视为内容在其上行进的端到端对话，而是基于内容的唯一名称来请求或返回内容，且网络负责将内容从提供者路由到消费者。应注意，内容包含可在通信系统中输送的数据，包含例如文本、图像、视频和/或音频等任何形式的数据。消费者和提供者可为在计算机旁的人或在CCN内部或外部的自动过程。一条内容可指代整个内容或内容的相应部分。举例来说，报纸文章可能由体现为数据包的多条内容表示。一条内容也可与元数据相关联，所述元数据以例如验证数据、创建日期、内容所有者等信息来描述或增强所述条内容。
在CCN中，内容对象和兴趣是由其名称识别，通常是阶层式结构化可变长度识别符(HSVLI)。当以HSVLI转发包时，常常在转发信息库(FIB)处执行最长前缀匹配查找，所述FIB维持兴趣转发路线的记录。不同于在IP(因特网协议)网络中使用的FIB，在CCN中使用的FIB允许用于每一前缀的传出端口的列表而不是单个端口。
发明内容
本发明的一个实施例提供用于在内容中心网络(CCN)中转发具有阶层式结构化可变长度识别符(HSVLI)的包的系统。在操作期间，所述系统接收具有HSVLI的包且基于所述HSVLI确定所述包应转发到的多个端口。所述多个端口包含第一组相异端口群组，且相应端口群组包含第二组个别物理或虚拟端口。应注意所述第二组个别物理或虚拟端口对于转发目的是被视为等效的。所述系统基于所述第一组端口群组和所述第二组物理或虚拟端口导出转发策略。所述转发策略表达为合取范式中的公式，所述公式指示所述第一组端口群组之间的逻辑结合以及所述第二组个别物理或虚拟端口之间的逻辑分离。所述系统随后使用所述导出的转发策略转发所述包。
在此实施例的一个变型中，所述包是对应于HSVLI的对一条内容的兴趣，且确定所述多个端口涉及在转发信息库中执行最长匹配查找。
在另一变型中，执行最长匹配查找涉及计算所述HSVLI的固定长度散列函数。
在此实施例的一个变型中，所述虚拟端口群组是链路聚合群组(LAG)。所述系统使用与所述LAG相关联的调度器来做出与所述LAG相关联的多个物理端口之间的转发决策。
在此实施例的一个变型中，所述虚拟端口群组是由较高层级路由协议产生的多路径端口群组。所述系统使用所述较高层级路由协议来做出与所述多路径端口群组相关联的多个物理端口之间的转发决策。
在此实施例的一个变型中，转发策略指定包将转发到第一组物理端口内的每一和每个端口和第二组物理端口内的至少一个端口。
在另一变型中，转发策略进一步指定包将转发到所述端口群组内的端口当中的最小数目的物理端口。
在此实施例的一个变型中，较高层级路由协议可确定特定的目的地可经由若干物理或逻辑端口到达，使得所述目的地表示为那些物理或逻辑端口的分离的结合项。
附图说明
图1图解说明根据本发明的实施例的网络的示范性架构。
图2呈现说明根据本发明的实施例的内容中心网络(CCN)中的示范性包转发引擎的图。
图3呈现说明根据本发明的实施例的基于合取范式中的公式的转发策略的图。
图4图解说明根据本发明的实施例的转发兴趣包的过程。
图5图解说明根据一实施例的用于使用合取范式中表达的策略转发包的示范性计算机系统。
在图式中，相同参考数字指代相同图式元件。
具体实施方式
本发明的实施例提供用于将CCN中的包有效地转发到多个端口的系统和方法。更具体来说，所述多个端口可包含个别端口和端口群组。端口群组可为其中多个链路连接两个装置的链路聚合群组，或其可为其中存在到达单个目的地的多个路径的多路径群组。在转发信息库(FIB)处，路由协议使用合取范式策略来将兴趣转发到用于特定名称前缀的FIB条目中列出的全部端口。在端口群组内的端口当中，应用“或”路由策略，以使得所述兴趣仅需要遵循用于所述端口群组的至少一个且优选至多一个路径。在不同端口群组当中，应用“与”路由策略。
一般来说，CCN使用两个类型的消息：兴趣和内容对象。兴趣携载内容对象的阶层式结构化可变长度识别符(HSVLI)，也称为“名称”，且充当针对所述对象的请求。如果网络元件(例如，路由器)接收到对同一名称的多个兴趣，那么其可聚合那些兴趣。沿着关于匹配内容对象的兴趣的路径的网络元件可高速缓冲存储且返回所述对象，从而满足所述兴趣。内容对象遵循兴趣到所述兴趣的起源的反向路径。除了其它信息之外，内容对象含有同一HSVLI、对象的有效负载和用以将HSVLI绑定到有效负载的密码信息。
本发明中使用的术语大体上如下界定(但其解译不限于此)：
“HSVLI”：阶层式结构化可变长度识别符，也称为名称。其是名称组件的有序列表，其可为可变长度八位位组串。以人可读形式，其可以例如ccnx:/path/part的格式表示。不存在主机或查询串。如上所述，HSVLI涉及内容，且它们能够表示用于内容的有组织结构且至少部分对人有意义是合意的。HSVLI的个别组件可具有任意长度。此外，HSVLI可具有明确定界的组件，可包含任何字节序列，且不限于人可读字符。最长前缀匹配查找在以HSVLI转发包时是重要的。举例来说，指示对“/parc/home/bob”的兴趣的HSVLI将匹配“/parc/home/bob/test.txt”和“/parc/home/bob/bar.txt”两者。在名称组件的数目方面，最长匹配被视为最佳的，因为其是最特定的。
“兴趣”：对内容对象的请求。兴趣指定HSVLI名称前缀和其它任选的选择器，所述选择器可用以在具有相同名称前缀的多个对象当中进行挑选。名称匹配兴趣名称前缀和选择器的任何内容对象满足所述兴趣。
“内容对象”：响应于兴趣而发送的数据对象。其具有经由密码签名而绑定在一起的HSVLI名称和内容有效负载。任选地，所有内容对象具有由内容对象的SHA-256摘要组成的隐式终端名称组件。在一个实施例中，隐式摘要不在线上传送，但在需要时在每一跃点处计算。
如之前所提到，HSVLI指示一条内容，经阶层式结构化，且包含从最一般层级到最特定层级排序的连续组件。相应HSVLI的长度不是固定的。在内容中心网络中，不同于常规IP网络，包可由HSVLI识别。举例来说，“abcd/bob/papers/ccn/news”可为内容的名称且识别对应包，即，在名为“ABCD”的组织处针对名为“Bob”的用户的来自“ccn”论文收集的“新闻”文章。为了请求一条内容，节点通过所述内容的名称来表达(例如，广播)对所述内容的兴趣。对一条内容的兴趣可为根据所述内容的名称或识别符对所述内容的查询。在网络中可用的情况下，内容从存储所述内容的任何节点路由回到网络。路由基础结构将兴趣智能地传播到很可能具有所述信息的前瞻性节点且随后沿着所述兴趣穿越的路径携载可用的内容返回。
图1图解说明根据本发明的实施例的网络的示范性架构。在此实例中，网络180包括节点100到145。网络中的每一节点耦合到一或多个其它节点。网络连接185是此类连接的实例。网络连接展示为实线，但每一线也可表示可将一个节点耦合到另一节点的子网络或超网络。网络180可为内容中心的本地网络、超网络或子网络。这些网络中的每一者可经互连以使得一个网络中的节点可到达其它网络中的节点。网络连接可为宽带、无线、电话、卫星或任何类型的网络连接。节点可为计算机系统、表示用户的端点和/或可产生兴趣或发源内容的装置。
根据本发明的实施例，消费者可产生对一条内容的兴趣且随后将所述兴趣发送到网络180中的节点。所述条内容可由可位于网络内部或外部的出版商或内容提供者存储在网络180中的节点处。举例来说，在图1中，对一条内容的兴趣在节点105处发源。如果所述内容在所述节点不可用，那么所述兴趣流动到耦合到所述第一节点的一或多个节点。举例来说，在图1中，兴趣流动(兴趣流150)到并不具有可用的所述内容的节点115。接着，所述兴趣从节点115流动(兴趣流155)到再次并不具有所述内容的节点125。所述兴趣随后流动(兴趣流160)到确实具有可用的所述内容的节点130。内容的所述流随后反向地回溯其路径(内容流165、170和175)直到其到达递送所述内容的节点105。在所述内容流中可涉及例如验证等其它过程。
在网络180中，在内容持有者(节点130)与兴趣产生节点(节点105)之间的路径中的任何数目的中间节点(节点100到145)可参与在内容在网络上行进时高速缓冲存储所述内容的本地副本。高速缓冲存储通过隐式地共享对本地高速缓冲存储内容的存取而减少对位于接近其它订户处的第二订户的网络负载。
图2呈现说明根据本发明的实施例的内容中心网络(CCN)中的示范性包转发引擎的图。在图2中，包转发引擎200包含三个主要数据结构，包含转发信息库(FIB)202、内容存储区(CS)204和待决兴趣表(PIT)206。
FIB 202用以朝向匹配内容对象的潜在源转发兴趣包。通常，路由协议用以在网络中的所有节点当中填入FIB。FIB条目常常由名称前缀编索引。应注意，在CCN中，可能存在可满足兴趣的多个源。举例来说，多个内容产生者可具有同一名称前缀。因此，不同于IP，CCN中的FIB条目可包含传出端口列表。这反映CCN不限于在生成树上转发的事实，因为兴趣和内容对象的自我满足本质意味着可在不建立生成树的情况下避免循环。另外，这允许并行查询多个源。
内容存储区(CS)204类似于在IP路由器中使用的缓冲存储器。更确切地说，CS 204临时缓冲穿过此节点的内容对象，从而允许不同消费者的高效数据检索。当路由器接收到兴趣包时，其首先检查在其内容存储区中是否存在匹配内容对象。
PIT 206跟踪向上游朝向内容源转发的兴趣以使得返回的内容对象可向下游发送到其请求者。在CCN中，仅路由兴趣包。返回内容对象遵循兴趣包回到内容请求者的路径。用于兴趣的PIT条目指定兴趣的名称和用于所述兴趣的一或多个传入和传出端口。PIT条目中列出的多个端口指示同一内容已由多个下游用户请求，且多个传出端口指示同一兴趣沿着多个路径转发。
当兴趣包到达某一端口时，基于内容名称或HSVLI完成最长匹配查找。在一些实施例中，使用基于散列的转发，其中每一节点使用同一散列函数来编码名称前缀且随后以固定长度散列执行最长匹配查找。散列转发的详细描述可参见由发明人Marc E.Mosko和Michael F.Plass在2013年10月29日申请的标题为“用于具有阶层式结构化可变长度识别符的包的基于散列的转发的系统和方法”的第14/065,961号(代理人案号PARC-20130997US01)美国专利申请案。然而，如本发明的实施例所使用的用于将包转发到多个端口的策略不限于基于散列的转发。例如基于使用HSVLI的最长前缀匹配查找的依赖于其它类型的CCN转发的系统也可使用相同的端口转发策略。
用于名称查找的索引结构以一方式排序以使得CS匹配将优选于PIT匹配，而PIT匹配将优选于FIB匹配。因此，如果已经存在CS 204中匹配所述兴趣的内容对象，那么所述内容对象将经由所述兴趣到达的端口发送出且所述兴趣将被丢弃。否则，将检查PIT以查看是否可找到匹配。如果是，那么将把兴趣的到达端口添加到PIT条目的请求端口列表且将丢弃所述兴趣。否则，将检查FIB。应注意对于依赖于散列转发的系统，FIB条目可基于转发散列而编索引，且检查FIB涉及寻找FIB中的最长匹配前缀。如果FIB中存在匹配，那么兴趣需要基于转发策略(或规则)转发到FIB条目中列出的端口中的一或多者。
应注意对于CCN转发引擎的硬件实施方案，期望具有执行简单但有表现的转发策略，尤其是在FIB条目中的端口表示虚拟端口群组的情形中，所述虚拟端口群组指向一组其它端口。在CCN中，虚拟端口群组可包含链路聚合群组(LAG)，其中并联组合一组网络连接以增加两个装置之间的处理量，且在链路故障的情况下提供冗余。应注意此处术语“链路聚合群组”可用以不仅指代由厂商独立标准使用的各种方案，例如用于以太网的链路聚合控制协议(LACP)，而且指代各种专有解决方案，例如思科的端口聚合协议(PAgP)。另外，当可经由多个路径到达单个目的地时也可产生虚拟端口群组。应注意在每一虚拟端口群组内，兴趣需要发送到最少一个端口。
在图2中所示的实例中，用于名称前缀/abc.com的FIB条目包含转发端口列表，包含端口7、12、39、122和1290，其可将具有名称前缀/abc.com的兴趣引导到对应内容产生者。在这些端口当中，端口1290实际上表示虚拟端口群组，其指向一组其它端口。举例来说，端口1290可指向物理端口6、22和130。应注意因为物理端口6、22和130经链路集合，意味着它们可引向同一目的地装置，所以兴趣仅需要转发到这些端口中的一者。因此，“或”策略可以用于这些端口。另一方面，兴趣需要转发到所有其它物理端口(端口7、12、39和122)。在一些实施例中，当转发引擎使用FIB条目来转发兴趣时，转发引擎应用以合取范式表达的转发策略(或规则)，例如其中Cij,i-1,...,n；j＝1,...mi是原子公式(例如变量或常数)或原子公式的否定式。此处Cij表示物理端口，其可为独立物理端口(当mi＝1时)或属于虚拟端口群组的物理端口(当mi＞1时)。应注意合取范式指代语句的经“求或”集合的经“求与”集合。更具体来说，合取范式布尔型表达式指示在转发时，在单一物理端口与虚拟端口群组之间执行与操作，且在每一虚拟端口群组内的多个端口之间执行或操作。或者，转发策略可表达为其中Ai表示独立物理端口，且Bij表示属于虚拟群组Bi的物理端口。
在图2中所示的前述实例中，独立物理端口包含端口7、12、39和122，且LAG包含端口6、22和130；因此，用于具有对名称前缀/abc.com的最长前缀匹配的包的转发策略(或规则)可表达为：
将包转发到端口(7)∧(12)∧(39)∧(122)∧(6∨22∨130)。此布尔型表达式指示对应兴趣包将转发到所有以下端口：端口7、12、39和122。另外，兴趣包将转发到端口6或22或130。应注意因为端口6、22和130属于同一LAG，所以只要兴趣转发到这些端口中的一者，在LAG的另一端的装置便将接收到所述兴趣包。
图3呈现说明根据本发明的实施例的基于合取范式中的公式的转发策略的图。在图3中，中间节点300包含许多端口，例如端口5、7、12、39、122、6、22、130和160。在操作期间，中间节点300从其端口中的一者接收兴趣包，且对照FIB 302中的条目执行使用兴趣的名称的最长前缀匹配。匹配FIB条目可包含端口列表(在此实例中，端口7、12、39、122和1290)，指示匹配兴趣应转发到这些端口以便到达内容源。FIB条目还可指示端口1290是LAG，其包含三个物理端口：端口6、22和130。
基于匹配FIB条目，中间节点300内的转发引擎可应用使用在合取范式中的公式表达的转发策略(或规则)，例如：转发到端口(7)∧(12)∧(39)∧(122)∧(6∨22∨130)。在一些实施例中，此合取范式表达式可存储于FIB 302中。所述端口(包含虚拟端口群组)之间的结合关系确保匹配兴趣转发到FIB条目中列出的所有端口，且因此兴趣具有到达所请求内容的所有可能源的机会。在图3中，实线箭头表示与逻辑，意味着兴趣包发送到所有这些端口。另一方面，对于虚拟端口群组1290，在群组内的端口(例如端口6、22和130)当中，可应用“或”的转发策略，其中兴趣可转发到所述端口中的至少一者。应注意虚线箭头表示或逻辑，意味着兴趣包可发送到虚拟端口群组内的端口中的任何一或多者。应注意虚拟端口群组内的端口之间的“或”关系确保兴趣包仅需要发送到所述端口中的最少一者(且优选最多一者)。
在一些实施例中，例如LAG调度器304的LAG调度器可用以确定兴趣应发送到虚拟端口群组中的哪一物理端口。举例来说，LAG调度器304可以轮选方式在端口(例如端口6、22和130)之间分配兴趣，或LAG调度器304可基于散列函数在端口之间分配兴趣。
如果虚拟端口群组1290包含作为多路径群组通过路由协议分组在一起的一组端口，那么例如基于有利于低延迟高处理量路径的机会性多路径调度的不同类型的调度器可用以在多路径端口之间分配兴趣。或者，调度器还可使用轮选方式在多路径端口之间分配兴趣包。
在某些情形中，FIB条目可包含LAG和多路径群组两者，以及一或多个物理端口。举例来说，用于名称前缀/def.com的FIB条目可列出端口的群组，包含端口7、22、1290，以及包含物理端口72和81的多路径端口群组。其中，端口7和22是物理端口，且端口1290是LAG，其包含物理端口6、22和130。在一些实施例中，FIB 302使用合取范式中的公式产生以下用于此名称前缀的转发策略：(7)∧(22)∧(72∨81)∧(6∨22∨130)。应注意在此公式中LAG和多路径端口群组被视为类似于在每一虚拟端口群组内的物理端口上正执行“或”。应注意，即使具有三个不同类型的端口或端口群组，转发策略的表达式也仅涉及两步骤递归，且可相对简单地实施。另一方面，每一虚拟端口群组内的兴趣转发不包含在此合取范式公式中。在一些实施例中，LAG调度器可用以在每一LAG内分配业务，且单独的调度器(例如由产生多路径端口群组的路由协议界定的调度器)可用以在每一多路径端口群组内分配业务。
有时，在LAG与多路径端口群组之间可存在重叠。在前述实例中，用于名称前缀/def.com的FIB条目包含端口7、22、1290和多路径端口群组。其中端口1290是包含物理端口6、22和130的LAG。如果多路径端口群组包含物理端口6和72，那么物理端口6属于LAG 1290和多路径端口群组两者。结果，将兴趣转发到物理端口6可服务于两个虚拟端口群组。在一些实施例中，调度器(可为LAG调度器或单独的调度器)可使用更复杂的路由算法计算用于此类情形的最有效转发策略。一般来说，最优转发策略是最小化包转发到的物理端口的数目。此策略可导致兴趣转发到端口群组内的一个以上物理端口。举例来说，FIB条目可列出三个端口群组：(1或2或3)，(2或7)和(3或8)。系统可确定最优转发策略是将兴趣转发到端口1、2和3，意味着所述兴趣是在第一群组内的全部3个端口上转发。
图4图解说明根据本发明的实施例的转发兴趣包的过程。在操作期间，CCN网络中的中间节点接收具有HSVLI的兴趣包(操作402)。应注意所述中间节点可为CCN启用的切换器，其维持所述三个主要CCN数据结构：内容存储区(CS)、待决兴趣表(PIT)和转发信息库(FIB)。
中间节点随后基于兴趣的名称前缀而确定对应于所述兴趣的条目是否可在PIT中找到(操作404)。如果是，那么所述节点将其上接收所述兴趣的入口端口添加到对应PIT条目(操作406)。否则，所述节点进一步基于名称前缀确定对应于所述兴趣的内容是否可在本地内容存储区中找到(操作408)。如果是，那么节点返回匹配内容对象(操作410)。如果否，那么系统随后将对应条目添加到PIT(操作412)。
随后，所述节点基于名称前缀确定对应于所述兴趣的条目是否可在FIB中找到(操作414)。在一些实施例中，执行最长前缀匹配。如果在FIB中未找到匹配条目，那么所述节点可丢弃兴趣包，因为其并不知道将兴趣转发到何处(操作416)。如果可在FIB中找到对应条目，那么所述节点进一步识别端口列表内的任何虚拟端口群组(操作418)。在一些实施例中，虚拟端口群组可为链路聚合群组(LAG)或多路径端口群组。对于每一虚拟端口群组，所述节点确定与所述群组相关联的实际物理端口(操作420)。基于FIB条目中的端口列表和每一虚拟端口群组的分析，所述节点随后导出合取范式中的公式中表达的转发策略(操作422)。根据所述公式，将兴趣转发到FIB条目中列出的每一物理端口(因为所述公式表达所有物理端口之间的“与”逻辑)。另外，兴趣应转发到FIB条目中列出的每一虚拟端口群组，因为所述公式表达虚拟端口群组与物理端口之间的相似“与”逻辑。然而，在每一虚拟端口群组内，替代于“与”逻辑(意味着将兴趣发送到所有物理端口)，所述公式指示在与同一虚拟端口群组相关联的所有物理端口之间应应用“或”逻辑。这确保兴趣转发到每一虚拟端口群组内的最少一个端口。实际上，还优选将兴趣转发到虚拟端口群组内的物理端口中的最多一者以减少不必要的业务。所述节点随后基于导出的转发策略转发所述兴趣(操作424)。
图5图解说明根据一实施例的用于使用合取范式中表达的策略转发包的示范性计算机系统。用于转发包的计算机系统500包含处理器510、存储器520和存储装置530。存储装置530通常存储可加载到存储器520中且由处理器510执行以执行上文提到的合取范式包转发的指令。在一个实施例中，存储装置530中的指令可实施以下各项中的一者或一者以上：CS模块532、PIT 534、FIB模块536和转发模块538，其中全部可通过各种装置彼此连通。
在一些实施例中，模块532、534、536和538可部分地或完全地以硬件实施且可为处理器510的部分。此外，在一些实施例中，所述系统可不包含单独的处理器和存储器。实际上，除执行其特定任务之外，模块532、534、536和538单独地或协同地可为通用或专用计算引擎的部分。
存储装置530存储待由处理器510执行的程序。具体来说，存储装置530存储实施用于执行合取范式包转发的系统的程序(应用程序)。在操作期间，应用程序可从存储装置530加载到存储器520中且由处理器510执行。因此，系统500可执行上述功能。系统500可耦合到任选的显示器580、键盘560和指向装置570，且也可经由一或多个网络接口耦合到网络582。
此具体实施方式中所描述的数据结构以及代码通常存储在计算机可读存储媒体上，所述计算机可读存储媒体可以是能存储计算机系统可用的代码和/或数据的任何装置或媒体。计算机可读存储媒体包含但不限于易失性存储器、非易失性存储器、磁性以及光学存储装置，例如磁盘驱动器、磁带、CD(压缩光盘)、DVD(数字通用光盘或数字视频光盘)、或能够存储目前已知或稍后开发的计算机可读媒体的其它媒体。
在具体实施方式部分中所描述的方法和过程可以代码和/或数据形式体现，所述代码和/或数据可以存储于如上文所描述的计算机可读存储媒体中。当计算机系统读取并且执行存储于计算机可读存储媒体上的代码和/或数据时，计算机系统执行以数据结构以及代码形式体现且存储在计算机可读存储媒体内的方法以及过程。
此外，本文中所描述的方法以及过程可以包含在硬件模块或设备中。这些模块或设备可以包含但不限于专用集成电路(ASIC)芯片、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、在特定时间执行特定软件模块或一段代码的专用处理器或共享处理器、和/或目前已知或稍后开发的其它可编程逻辑装置。当激活硬件模块或设备时，这些硬件模块或设备执行其内部所包含的方法和过程。
Claims (10)
1.一种用于在内容中心网络(CCN)中转发具有阶层式结构化可变长度识别符HSVLI的包的系统，所述系统包括：
处理器；以及
存储装置，其耦合到所述处理器且存储在由所述处理器执行时致使所述处理器执行方法的指令，所述方法包括：
接收具有HSVLI的包；
基于所述HSVLI确定一组独立物理端口；
基于所述HSVLI确定一组虚拟端口群组，其中相应虚拟端口群组包含一或多个个别物理端口；
导出转发策略，其中所述转发策略表达为合取范式中的公式，所述公式指示独立物理端口与虚拟端口群组之间的逻辑结合，并且其中所述相应虚拟端口群组表达为属于该虚拟端口群组的所述一或多个个别物理端口之间的逻辑分离；以及
使用所导出的转发策略转发所述包。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述包是对应于所述HSVLI的对一条内容的兴趣，其中确定所述一组独立物理端口和所述一组虚拟端口群组涉及在转发信息库中执行最长匹配查找。
3.根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中执行所述最长匹配查找涉及计算所述HSVLI的固定长度散列函数。
4.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述一组虚拟端口群组包含链路聚合群组LAG，且其中所述方法进一步包括使用与所述LAG相关联的调度器来做出与所述LAG相关联的多个物理端口之间的转发决策。
5.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述一组虚拟端口群组包含由较高层级路由协议产生的多路径端口群组，且其中所述方法进一步包括使用所述较高层级路由协议来做出与所述多路径端口群组相关联的多个物理端口之间的转发决策。
6.根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述转发策略指定所述包将转发到每个独立物理端口且转发到所述相应虚拟端口群组内的至少一个端口。
7.根据权利要求6所述的系统，其中所述转发策略进一步指定所述包将转发到所述一组虚拟端口群组内的端口当中的最小数目的物理端口。
8.一种存储指令的计算机可读存储装置，所述指令在由计算机执行时致使所述计算机执行用于在内容中心网络CCN中转发具有阶层式结构化可变长度识别符HSVLI的包的方法，所述方法包括：
接收具有HSVLI的包；
基于所述HSVLI确定一组独立物理端口；
基于所述HSVLI确定一组虚拟端口群组，其中相应虚拟端口群组包含一或多个个别物理端口；
导出转发策略，其中所述转发策略表达为合取范式中的公式，所述公式指示独立物理端口与虚拟端口群组之间的逻辑结合，并且其中所述相应虚拟端口群组表达为属于该虚拟端口群组的所述一或多个个别物理端口之间的逻辑分离；以及
使用所导出的转发策略转发所述包。
9.根据权利要求8所述的装置，其中所述包是对应于所述HSVLI的对一条内容的兴趣，其中确定所述一组独立物理端口和所述一组虚拟端口群组涉及在转发信息库中执行最长匹配查找。
10.根据权利要求8所述的装置，其中所述一组虚拟端口群组包含链路聚合群组LAG，且其中所述方法进一步包括使用与所述LAG相关联的调度器来做出与所述LAG相关联的多个物理端口之间的转发决策。
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| US9391896B2 (en) | 2016-07-12 |
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